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General Information:
Jesus is speaking to a crowd near the treasury in the temple after either the events of John 7:1-52 or the events of John 7:53-8:11. The author neither gives background to this event nor marks the beginning of a new event. See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background and rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent)
I am the light of the world
Here the "light" is a metaphor for the revelation that comes from God. Alternate translation: "I am the one who gives light to the world" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor)
the world
This is a metonym for the people. Alternate translation: "the people of the world" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy)
he who follows me
This is an idiom that means "everyone who does what I teach" or "everyone who obeys me" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom)
will not walk in the darkness
To "walk in darkness" is a metaphor for living a sinful life. Alternate translation: "will not live as if he were in the darkness of sin" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor)
light of life
The "light of life" is a metaphor for the truth from God that gives spiritual life. Alternate translation: "truth that brings eternal life" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor)