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David then defeated Hadadezer
Here David and Hadadezer are spoken of as if they were alone, but the reader should understand that these kings represent their armies that were with them. AT: "David and his army then defeated the army of Hadadezer" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy)
Hadadezer
This is the name of a man. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names)
Zobah
This is the name of a country.
was traveling to establish his rule by the Euphrates River
"was going to the Euphrates river to conquer people in that area"
a thousand chariots
"1,000 chariots" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers)
seven thousand horsemen
These are soldiers who rode on horses. "7,000 horsemen" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers)
twenty thousand footmen
These are soldiers who walked. "20,000 footmen" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers)
hamstrung all the chariot horses
David had his soldiers cut the hamstring muscles on the backs of the horses' thighs so they would no longer be able to run.
reserved
to keep for a special use
a hundred chariots
"100 chariots" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers)