RichTestOrg_en_tn/mal/01/03.md

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# Esau I have hated
Here "hated" implies that there was no covenant between Yahweh and Esau. However, it does not imply that Yahweh was emotionally against Esau.
# Esau I have hated
This name "Esau" refers here not only to Esau, but also to all his descendants. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
# his mountains
This refers to the hill country of Edom.
# I have made his inheritance a place for the jackals of the wilderness
In the Old Testament, the presence of wild animals such as jackals was a frequent description of land deserted by the people who once lived there.
# his inheritance
Here "inheritance" stands for the region that Esau's descendants, the nation of Edom, occupied. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])