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What will we say then?
Paul is introducing a new topic. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion)
May it never be
"Of course that is not true!" This expression gives the strongest possible negative answer to the preceding rhetorical question. You may have a similar expression in your language that you could use here. See how you translated this in Romans 9:14.
I would never have known sin, if it were not through the law ... But sin took the opportunity ... brought about every lust
Paul is comparing sin to a person who can act. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification)
sin
"my desire to sin"
lust
This word includes both the desire to have what belongs to other people and wrong sexual desire.
without the law, sin is dead
"if there were no law, there would be no breaking of the law, so there would be no sin"