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1	Book	Chapter	Verse	ID	SupportReference	GLQuote	OccurrenceNote
2	DEU	front	intro	rm3n			# Introduction to Deuteronomy<br>## Part 1: General Introduction<br><br>### Outline of Deuteronomy<br><br>1. Moses reminds Israel of how Yahweh guided them through the wilderness (1:1–3:29)<br>1. Moses appeals for Israel to obey the law of Yahweh (4:1–43)<br>1. The Ten Commandments (5:1–10:22)<br>1. Rules and warnings from the Law (11:1–26:19)<br>1. Instructions for entering Canaan (27:1–26)<br>1. Blessings for obeying and curses for disobeying (28:1-68)<br>1. The covenant renewed (29:1-30:20)<br>1. Last words of Moses, the Song of Moses, and his death (31:1–34:12)<br><br><br>### What is the Book of Deuteronomy about?<br><br>In the book of Deuteronomy, Moses repeats the laws of the covenant that God made with the people of Israel. The people of Israel were about to go into the Promised Land. Before they entered the land, Moses reminded them of what Yahweh did for them and what he expected from them. Moses warned the people about worshipping idols and no longer trusting Yahweh once they settled in the Promised Land. Yahweh promised to judge those who disobey him and to bless those who obey his Law. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])<br><br>### How should the title of this book be translated?<br><br>The name “Deuteronomy” means “Second Law” or “the retelling of the Law.” Translators may decide on a title such as, “A Repeat of the Law” or “Moses Explains the Law Again.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])<br><br>### Who wrote the Book of Deuteronomy?<br><br>The writers of both the Old and New Testament present Moses as being very involved with writing the Book of Deuteronomy. However, many scholars think that Joshua wrote chapter 34. This chapter tells how Moses died.<br><br>### What are the important features of the Book of Deuteronomy?<br><br>The book contains a series of speeches that Moses gave to Israel before he died. He spoke these things just before the people entered the Promised Land. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])<br><br>## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts<br><br>### Why did Yahweh command the Israelites to completely destroy the people who lived in the Promised Land?<br><br>As God prepared the Israelites to enter the Promised Land, he commanded them to completely destroy the Canaanite people who lived there. The Israelites would then not be tempted to join them and worship their false gods.<br><br>## Part 3: Important Translation Issues<br><br>### What is the role of God’s name in Deuteronomy?<br><br>God’s name is mentioned over thirty times in the book of Deuteronomy. The use of God’s name in this book usually represents God’s honor or fame. At other times in Deuteronomy, God’s name represents his presence. God said he would choose a place and make his name dwell there. This means God’s presence would be there. The people were to go to that place to worship him.<br><br>### Can this book be translated before the rest of the Pentateuch?<br><br>The Books of Genesis and Exodus help to explain what happens in Deuteronomy. For this reason, those books should be translated before the Book of Deuteronomy.
3	DEU	1	intro	ggp9			# Deuteronomy 1 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter forms a continuation with the last chapter of the book of Numbers.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Yahweh’s victory<br>The chapter explains that Israel’s conquering of the Promised Land will be done by Yahweh. They are not to fear the people of Canaan but be obedient to Yahweh. Yahweh is bringing about his judgement upon the people of Canaan. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]])<br><br>### Possessing the land<br>While the Promised Land belongs to Israel, they do not possess the land. Possessing the land is an important theme. Posessing the land depended on Israel’s faithfulness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]])
4	DEU	1	1	j9ty		beyond the Jordan	This refers to the land across the Jordan River, to the east of Israel. Moses was east of the Jordan when he spoke to the Israelites. Alternate translation: “east of the Jordan”
5	DEU	1	1	bg65	translate-names	Suph … Paran … Tophel … Laban … Hazeroth … Dizahab	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
6	DEU	1	2	p4gk		It is eleven days’ journey from Horeb … to Kadesh Barnea	“It takes eleven days to walk from Horeb … to Kadesh Barnea”
7	DEU	1	2	m2r5	translate-names	Mount Seir	This is a mountainous area south of the Dead Sea. The area is also called “Edom.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
8	DEU	1	2	pp45	translate-numbers	eleven	“11” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
9	DEU	1	3	pc9j	translate-ordinal	It happened in the fortieth year, in the eleventh month, on the first day of the month, that Moses spoke	The ordinal numbers can be translated as cardinal numbers. Alternate translation: “They had lived in the wilderness for 40 years, 11 months, and 1 day, when Moses spoke” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
10	DEU	1	3	j362	translate-numbers	fortieth	40th (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
11	DEU	1	3	zfn5	translate-hebrewmonths	in the eleventh month, on the first day of the month	This is the eleventh month of the Hebrew calendar. The first day is near the middle of January on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
12	DEU	1	3	p27w	translate-numbers	eleventh	11th (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
13	DEU	1	3	d97r		Yahweh	This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this.
14	DEU	1	4	ws56		Yahweh had attacked	“Yahweh had enabled the Israelites to defeat”
15	DEU	1	4	x2fp	translate-names	Sihon … Og	These are names of kings. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
16	DEU	1	4	mpn7	translate-names	Heshbon … Ashtaroth at Edrei	These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
17	DEU	1	5	cn3h		Beyond the Jordan	This refers to the land across the Jordan River, to the east of Israel. Moses was east of the Jordan when he said this. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 1:1](../01/01.md). Alternate translation: “East of the Jordan River”
18	DEU	1	6	s8em		spoke to us	The word “us” refers to Moses and the other people of Israel.
19	DEU	1	6	gy3a	figs-idiom	You have lived long enough in this hill country	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “You do not need to stay near this mountain any longer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
20	DEU	1	7	kh6j		General Information:	Moses continues to remind the people of Israel what Yahweh said to them.
21	DEU	1	7	l6np	figs-idiom	Turn and take your journey	The word “turn” is an idiom for beginning action. Alternate translation: “Start again on your journey” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
22	DEU	1	7	rbe5		hill country … Euphrates	Yahweh is describing places in the land that he has promised to give to the Israelites.
23	DEU	1	7	faf3		hill country	This is an area in the hills near the place where the Amorites lived.
24	DEU	1	7	y94k		lowland	an area of land that is low and flat
25	DEU	1	8	bp4f		Look	“Pay attention to what I am about to say”
26	DEU	1	8	i61s		I have set the land before you	“I am now giving this land to you”
27	DEU	1	8	p2mn	figs-pronouns	that Yahweh swore	Yahweh is speaking as if he were another person. Alternate translation: “that I, Yahweh, swore” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
28	DEU	1	8	pcv4	figs-synecdoche	fathers	The word “fathers” is a synecdoche for all ancestors. Alternate translation: “ancestors” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
29	DEU	1	9	qad3		General Information:	Moses continues to remind the people of Israel what Yahweh said to them.
30	DEU	1	9	dv93	figs-explicit	I spoke to you at that time	Here “I” refers to Moses. The phrase “at that time” refers to when the Israelites were at Horeb, which is the same as Mount Sinai. Alternate translation: “When we were at Horeb, I spoke to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
31	DEU	1	9	l5mr	figs-idiom	I am not able to carry you myself alone	Here “to carry you” means “to lead you” or “to govern you.” Alternate translation: “It is too much for me to lead you by myself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
32	DEU	1	10	zy9z	figs-hyperbole	as the multitude of the stars of heaven	This is an exaggeration that means God has greatly increased the number of Israelites. Alternate translation: “a great crowd of many people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
33	DEU	1	11	it3v	figs-metaphor	a thousand times	The phrase “a thousand” is a metaphor for “very many.” Alternate translation: “very many times” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
34	DEU	1	11	spg1	translate-numbers	a thousand	1000 (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
35	DEU	1	12	q9dw		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
36	DEU	1	12	fvz8	figs-rquestion	But how can I myself alone carry your loads, your burdens, and your disputes?	Moses uses a question to emphasize that he cannot solve all of their problems by himself. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I cannot carry your loads, your burdens, and your disputes by myself.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
37	DEU	1	12	l36d	figs-metaphor	carry your loads, your burdens	Moses speaks as if the people’s problems and complaints that he needed to take care of were heavy physical objects that he had been carrying. Alternate translation: “take care of your problems, your complaints” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
38	DEU	1	12	iss7		your disputes	“your arguments” or “your disagreements”
39	DEU	1	13	ue4a		men of good repute from each tribe	“men from each tribe whom the people of Israel respect”
40	DEU	1	15	f4vm		General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
41	DEU	1	15	u5jy		men of good repute	“men whom your people respected.” See how this is translated in [Deuteronomy 1:13](../01/13.md).
42	DEU	1	15	t5iw	translate-numbers	of thousands … of hundreds … of fifties … of tens	“of groups of 1,000…of groups of 100…of groups of 50…and groups of 10” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
43	DEU	1	15	s5h1		captains … officers	These are titles for different leaders in Israel’s government.
44	DEU	1	15	s3vi		tribe by tribe	“from each of your tribes”
45	DEU	1	16	dq18		judge righteously between a man and his brother	“make right and fair decisions about the disputes Israelites have with each other”
46	DEU	1	17	tia7	figs-pronouns	General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the judges, so the commands are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
47	DEU	1	17	k656		You will not show partiality	“Do not show partiality”
48	DEU	1	17	l3vl	figs-merism	you will hear the small and the great alike	These two extremes “small” and “great” represent all people. Alternate translation: “you will treat all people alike” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
49	DEU	1	17	jze3	figs-synecdoche	You will not be afraid of the face of man	The word “face” is a metonym for the whole person. “You will not” is a command. “Do not be afraid of anyone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
50	DEU	1	18	crf3	figs-explicit	at that time	This means the time when they were at Horeb, at Mount Sinai. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
51	DEU	1	19	bf68		General Information:	Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
52	DEU	1	19	s8zk		terrible wilderness that you saw	“large and dangerous desert that you crossed through”
53	DEU	1	20	lj3y		General Information:	Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
54	DEU	1	21	sel7	figs-pronouns	Look … your God … before you; go up, take possession … your fathers … to you; do not be afraid, neither be discouraged	Moses is speaking to the Israelites as if he were speaking to one man, so these forms should be singular, not plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
55	DEU	1	21	xjd3		has set the land before you	“is now giving this land to you.” See how this is translated in [Deuteronomy 1:8](../01/08.md).
56	DEU	1	22	jr4u		General Information:	Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
57	DEU	1	23	cm5h	translate-numbers	twelve men	“12 men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
58	DEU	1	24	n7e4	figs-idiom	They turned and went	Turning is an idiom for beginning to obey a command. Alternate translation: “They left that place and went” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
59	DEU	1	24	m2qr	translate-names	Valley of Eshkol	This is a valley in the Hebron region, which is south of Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
60	DEU	1	24	h6p7		scouted it	“looked for places they could attack”
61	DEU	1	25	d189		General Information:	Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
62	DEU	1	25	c795		They took	“The 12 men took”
63	DEU	1	25	gns5		took some of the produce of the land in their hands	“picked some of the produce of the land”
64	DEU	1	25	et1g	figs-metaphor	brought us word and said	The speaker speaks as if a “word” were a physical object that someone could bring. Alternate translation: “told us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
65	DEU	1	25	ks9s		said, ‘It is a good land that Yahweh our God is giving to us.’	The direct quotation can be translated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “said that the land that Yahweh our God was giving to us was good”
66	DEU	1	26	t13i		General Information:	Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
67	DEU	1	26	k4x9	figs-explicit	Yet you refused to attack	God commanded the Israelites to attack and destroy the Amorites, but the Israelites were afraid and refused to fight them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
68	DEU	1	27	am5b	figs-metonymy	into the hand of the Amorites	Here “into the hand” means to give the Amorites power over them. Alternate translation: “into the power of the Amorites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
69	DEU	1	28	dm6t	figs-rquestion	Where can we go now?	Here this question emphasizes how afraid they were. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “We have nowhere to go.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
70	DEU	1	28	x4y4	figs-idiom	made our heart to melt	This means that they became afraid. Alternate translation: “made us very afraid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
71	DEU	1	28	vs1i	figs-hyperbole	are fortified up to the heavens	This is an exaggeration that emphasizes how frightened the people were because the cities were so large and strong. Alternate translation: “have walls so high it is like they reach up to the heavens” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
72	DEU	1	28	fl92	figs-explicit	sons of the Anakim	These are descendants of the Anak people who were very large and fierce. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
73	DEU	1	29	d7v6		General Information:	Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
74	DEU	1	29	ukp2		I said to you	“I said to your ancestors”
75	DEU	1	30	wdr7	figs-synecdoche	before your eyes	Here the people are represented by their “eyes” to emphasize what they saw. Alternate translation: “which you yourselves saw” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
76	DEU	1	31	t94m	figs-you	you have seen … Yahweh your God carried you … you went … you came	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
77	DEU	1	31	bmh3	figs-simile	Yahweh your God carried you, as a man carries his son	Here Yahweh’s care for his people is compared to that of a father. Alternate translation: “Yahweh your God has taken care of you, like a father takes care of his son” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
78	DEU	1	31	ivd6		until you came to this place	“until you came to this land that God promised to give you”
79	DEU	1	32	hy2f		General Information:	Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
80	DEU	1	33	t7vc		make camp	“put up your tents”
81	DEU	1	34	p8tw		General Information:	Moses continues to remind the people of Israel what Yahweh said to them.
82	DEU	1	34	a5i6		heard the sound of your words	“heard what you were saying”
83	DEU	1	34	gv71		he swore and said	God made a vow not to allow those who rebelled against him to enter the land he promised to give them.
84	DEU	1	35	l5ps		will see	“will enter”
85	DEU	1	36	xn3b		save Caleb	“except Caleb”
86	DEU	1	36	ai2l	translate-names	Jephunneh	This is the name of Caleb’s father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
87	DEU	1	36	ix6z	figs-pronouns	he has wholly followed Yahweh	Yahweh speaks as if he were someone else. Alternate translation: “he has completely obeyed me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
88	DEU	1	37	z3bs		General Information:	Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
89	DEU	1	37	j94d	figs-explicit	Yahweh was angry with me because of you	This refers to when Moses disobeyed what Yahweh told him to do because Moses was angry with the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
90	DEU	1	38	du4b	translate-names	Nun	This is the name of Joshua’s father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
91	DEU	1	38	ze5m	figs-explicit	who stands before you	Why Joshua stands before Moses can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “who stands before you as your servant” or “who helps you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
92	DEU	1	39	gn7q		General Information:	Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
93	DEU	1	40	mrt9		turn and take your journey	“turn around and go back on the road you have come on”
94	DEU	1	41	wwe3		General Information:	Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
95	DEU	1	41	eg59		sinned against Yahweh	“we have rebelled against Yahweh by disobeying him”
96	DEU	1	41	zg19		we will follow	“we will obey”
97	DEU	1	41	l3as	figs-metonymy	to attack the hill country	Here the metonym “hill country” represents the people that live there. Alternate translation: “to attack the people who live in the hill country” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
98	DEU	1	42	vgw8	figs-activepassive	for I will not be with you, and you will be defeated by your enemies	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “your enemies will defeat you because I will not be with you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
99	DEU	1	43	q8fb		General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
100	DEU	1	43	t5l6	figs-metonymy	attacked the hill country	The metonym “hill country” stands for the people who live there. Alternate translation: “attacked the people who live in the hill country” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
101	DEU	1	44	z33p	figs-simile	chased you like bees	A “bee” is a small, flying insect that flies in large groups and stings people who threaten them. This means that so many Amorites attacked the Israelite soldiers that they had to leave the battle. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
102	DEU	1	44	z2yu	translate-names	Seir	This is the name of a piece of land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
103	DEU	1	44	fn6p	translate-names	Hormah	This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
104	DEU	1	44	xcg6		struck you down	“killed many of your soldiers”
105	DEU	1	45	d7e5		General Information:	Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
106	DEU	1	45	yrs7		returned and wept	“returned to Kadesh and wept”
107	DEU	2	intro	ji46			# Deuteronomy 2 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Covenant faithfulness<br>Yahweh is faithful to the covenant he made with Abraham. He is also faithful to the promises he made with Esau and Lot. Because of this, Israel was given specific land it was able to conquer in Canaan. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenantfaith]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]])
108	DEU	2	1	ys5a		General Information:	Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
109	DEU	2	1	b9af		Then we turned and took our journey	“Then we turned around and went”
110	DEU	2	1	yf1v		we went around Mount Seir for many days	This could mean: (1) the Israelites traveled around the mountain called Seir for a very long time or (2) the Israelites wandered in a region called Mount Seir for a very long time.
111	DEU	2	1	r626	translate-names	Mount Seir	This is a mountainous area south of the Dead Sea. The area is also called “Edom.” See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 1:2](../01/02.md) (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
112	DEU	2	1	lng2		many days	Some languages translate this as “many nights.”
113	DEU	2	4	t4vc		General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
114	DEU	2	4	trl3		of your brothers, the descendants of Esau	“of your relatives, the descendants of Esau”
115	DEU	2	5	e5j7		I have given Mount Seir to Esau as a possession	Yahweh is reminding the Israelites that he has given this territory to the descendants of Esau.
116	DEU	2	6	rd6v		General Information:	Moses continues to instruct Israel in how they are to treat the descendants of Esau.
117	DEU	2	6	qn8p		You will purchase food from them	Yahweh is giving them permission or instruction, not a command, and he is telling them not to steal. “I permit you to purchase food from them” or “If you need food, you are to purchase it from them”
118	DEU	2	6	pc6f		from them	“from Esau’s descendants”
119	DEU	2	6	ru4x		for money	If these words are not needed or make the translation unclear, you may omit them.
120	DEU	2	7	st5n	figs-you	your God has blessed you … your hand … your walking … your God … with you, and you have lacked	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
121	DEU	2	7	ief6	figs-synecdoche	you in all the work of your hand	The “work of your hand” refers to all the work they had done. Alternate translation: “all of your work” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
122	DEU	2	7	act3	figs-metonymy	he has known your walking	Here what happened to the people while they were walking is spoken of as their “walking.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
123	DEU	2	7	u2px	translate-numbers	forty years	“40 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
124	DEU	2	7	l4f1	figs-litotes	you have lacked nothing	This is a litotes for “you have had everything you needed.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
125	DEU	2	8	t48a		General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
126	DEU	2	8	n8fq		by our brothers	“by our relatives”
127	DEU	2	8	ctw5	translate-names	Elath … Ezion Geber	These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
128	DEU	2	8	lbh3	figs-idiom	we turned	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “we kept going” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
129	DEU	2	9	g8pa	writing-background	General Information:	This is the end of a part of Moses’ speech reminding the Israelites of how Yahweh guided them in the wilderness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
130	DEU	2	9	ftp7	figs-metonymy	Do not trouble Moab	The word “Moab” represents the people of Moab. Alternate translation: “Do not trouble the people of Moab” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
131	DEU	2	9	cs7l	translate-names	Ar	This is the name of a city in Moab. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
132	DEU	2	9	sl7s	figs-explicit	the descendants of Lot	The people of Israel were related to the descendants of Moab. Moab was the son of Lot. Lot was the nephew of Abraham. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
133	DEU	2	10	am7r	writing-background	General Information:	The writer begins to give background information about the people of the land. These words are not part of Moses’ speech to the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
134	DEU	2	10	n8xl	writing-background	The Emites lived	These words give background information about the Emite people, who had lived in the land before the Moabites. Your language may have a special way to mark background information. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
135	DEU	2	10	d4pi	translate-names	Emites	This is the name of a people group that were considered giants. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
136	DEU	2	10	yv8c		Anakim	These are descendants of the Anak people who were very large and fierce. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 1:28](../01/28.md).
137	DEU	2	11	zxl2	writing-background	General Information:	This continues the background information about the different people groups that had lived in the land. (See: [Deuteronomy 2:10](./10.md) and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]).
138	DEU	2	11	eds2	translate-names	Rephaim	This is the name of a people group that were considered giants. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
139	DEU	2	12	j8rr	writing-background	General Information:	This continues the background information about the different people groups that had lived in the land. (See: [Deuteronomy 2:10](./10.md) and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]).
140	DEU	2	12	ye16	translate-names	Horites	This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
141	DEU	2	12	v8s2		destroyed them from before them	“killed all of them so none of them were left living with them” or “removed them from their presence by killing all of them”
142	DEU	2	13	tfp1		General Information:	Moses continues reminding the Israelites of what had happened to them in the wilderness.
143	DEU	2	13	ruf4	figs-quotations	‘Now rise up … Zered.’ So	“‘Then Yahweh said, “Now rise up … Zered.’ So.” This can be translated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “Then Yahweh told us to rise up … Zered. So” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
144	DEU	2	13	va2q	figs-idiom	rise up	begin to do something (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
145	DEU	2	13	mn1h	translate-names	the brook Zered	This stream flows into the Dead Sea from the southeast and creates the border between Edom and Moab. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
146	DEU	2	14	h8wz	writing-background	Now the days	The word “now” marks a change from the story to background information about how long the people of Israel traveled and about God’s anger towards that generation. If your language has a way of showing that what follows is background information, you should use it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
147	DEU	2	14	s3qf	translate-numbers	thirty-eight years	“38 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
148	DEU	2	14	a2ue	figs-euphemism	were gone from the people	This is a polite way of saying “had died.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
149	DEU	2	15	q5m7	figs-synecdoche	the hand of Yahweh was against	Here “the hand of Yahweh” refers to Yahweh’s power. Alternate translation: “Yahweh used his power against” or “Yahweh punished” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
150	DEU	2	16	pv43		General Information:	Moses continues reminding the people of Israel of what happened in the past.
151	DEU	2	18	yrj6	figs-you	You are	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word “you” is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
152	DEU	2	18	g7yv	translate-names	Ar	This is the name of a city in Moab. See how you translated it in [Deuteronomy 2:9](../02/09.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
153	DEU	2	19	c269	figs-you	do not trouble … will not give you	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the command and the word “you” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
154	DEU	2	19	af4b	figs-explicit	to the descendants of Lot	The people of Israel were related to the descendants of Ammon. Ammon was the son of Lot. Lot was the nephew of Abraham. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
155	DEU	2	20	s8bn	writing-background	General Information:	These verses begin to give background information about the people groups who lived in the land. If your language has a way of showing that what follows is background information, you should use it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
156	DEU	2	20	n15r	figs-activepassive	That also is considered	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “People also consider that” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
157	DEU	2	20	p2rw	translate-names	Rephaim	This is the name of a people group. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 2:11](../02/11.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
158	DEU	2	21	fpu6	translate-names	Anakim	This is the name of a people group. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 1:28](../01/28.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
159	DEU	2	21	sq14		destroyed them before the Ammonites	“allowed the Ammonites to defeat them” or “allowed the Ammonites to kill them all”
160	DEU	2	21	xz3g		they succeeded them and lived in their place	“the Ammonites took over everything the Rephaim had owned and have lived where the Rephaim had lived”
161	DEU	2	22	y1ib	translate-names	Horites	This is the name of a people group. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 2:12](../02/12.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
162	DEU	2	22	yq6w		succeeded them and have lived in their place	“took over everything the Horites had owned and have lived where the Horites had lived”
163	DEU	2	23	i3fg		General Information:	The writer finishes describing how God enabled Esau to conquer the land Esau is now inhabiting.
164	DEU	2	23	c7kb	translate-names	Avvites … Caphtorim	These are names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
165	DEU	2	23	wmz4	translate-names	Caphtor	This is the name of a place. It may be another name for the island of Crete located in the Mediterranean Sea. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
166	DEU	2	23	feg9		destroyed them	“destroyed the Avvim”
167	DEU	2	23	un7u		settled in their place	“lived where the Avvim had lived”
168	DEU	2	24	v5lr		General Information:	The writer has finished giving background information and is now again telling what Moses said to the Israelites.
169	DEU	2	24	yyy9		Now rise up	Yahweh is telling Moses what the people should do. “Now get up” or “Now go.”
170	DEU	2	24	b1uk		go on your journey	“continue your journey”
171	DEU	2	24	v45y	translate-names	Valley of the Arnon	This is the name of the valley of the Arnon River. It creates the border between Moab and the Amorites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
172	DEU	2	24	j7cy	figs-metonymy	I have given into your hand	The metonym “into your hand” means “into your control or power.” Alternate translation: “I have given you the power to defeat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
173	DEU	2	24	g8xa	figs-you	your hand … Begin to possess it … fight	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word “your” and the commands “begin to possess” and “fight” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
174	DEU	2	24	gvu7	translate-names	Sihon	This is the name of a king. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
175	DEU	2	24	q9kc	translate-names	Heshbon	This is the name of a city. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
176	DEU	2	24	k7py		fight with him	“fight against him and his army”
177	DEU	2	25	il8b	figs-you	terror of you … news about you … because of you	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
178	DEU	2	25	jg6p	figs-doublet	put the fear and terror	The words “fear” and “terror” mean basically the same thing and emphasize that the fear is intense. Alternate translation: “put a terrible fear” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
179	DEU	2	25	x3s5	figs-idiom	peoples that are under the whole sky	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “peoples in every land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
180	DEU	2	25	fjp4	figs-hendiadys	tremble and be in anguish	This is hendiadys and emphasizes that the people will “tremble in anguish.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
181	DEU	2	26	ajl4		General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
182	DEU	2	26	d2n3		I sent	Here “I” refers to Moses.
183	DEU	2	26	p6fj	translate-names	wilderness of Kedemoth	This is the name of a place near the valley of Arnon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
184	DEU	2	26	t59e	translate-names	Sihon … Heshbon	These are the names of a man and a place. See how you translated them in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
185	DEU	2	26	efk3		with words of peace	“with my offer of peace” or “with a message from me asking for peace”
186	DEU	2	27	zr26	figs-litotes	I will turn neither to the right hand nor to the left	This phrase emphasizes that they will always go in the same direction. It can be stated in positive form. “I will not change direction” or “I will always stay on the path” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
187	DEU	2	28	mf3s		General Information:	This continues Moses’ message to King Sihon.
188	DEU	2	28	n54c		You will sell me food for money, so that I may eat; give me water for money, so that I may drink	Moses tells Sihon that the Israelites will not steal from the Amorites and requests that Sihon and his people sell food and water to the Israelites; he is not giving a command. Alternate translation: “I expect to have to pay for food so I can eat and to pay for water so I can drink”
189	DEU	2	28	jp21	figs-synecdoche	sell me … I may eat … give me … I may drink	Moses is referring to the people of Israel as if they were Moses himself. Alternate translation: “sell to me and my people … we may eat … give us … we may drink” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
190	DEU	2	28	twx5		only let me pass through on my feet	“only let us walk through your land”
191	DEU	2	29	nj8q	translate-names	Ar	This is the name of a place. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 2:9](../02/09.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
192	DEU	2	30	iv42		General Information:	Moses continues to remind the people of what happened in the past.
193	DEU	2	30	pe7f	translate-names	Sihon … Heshbon	These are the names of a man and a place. See how you translated them in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
194	DEU	2	30	n8cg	figs-you	your God … your might	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so all instances of “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
195	DEU	2	30	fad4	figs-parallelism	hardened his mind and made his heart obstinate	Both of these phrases mean the same thing and emphasize that Yahweh “caused him to become very stubborn.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
196	DEU	2	31	wz3l		to deliver up Sihon and his land before you	“to give Sihon and his land over to you”
197	DEU	2	31	mi9p		begin to possess it, in order that you may inherit his land	“take possession of his land, so that you may inherit it”
198	DEU	2	32	lu82		General Information:	Moses continues reminding the people of Israel about what happened in the past.
199	DEU	2	32	e5dq	translate-names	Sihon	This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
200	DEU	2	32	k97a	translate-names	Jahaz	This is the name of a city in Moab (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
201	DEU	2	34	x76b		General Information:	Moses continues reminding the people about what happened in the past.
202	DEU	2	34	ie9v		We took all his cities	“We captured all of King Sihon’s cities”
203	DEU	2	36	i479	translate-names	Aroer	This is the name of a city on the north bank of the Arnon River. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
204	DEU	2	36	pd7q	translate-names	Valley of the Arnon	“Arnon” is the name of a river. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 2:24](../02/24.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
205	DEU	2	36	snr1	figs-litotes	there was not a city too high for us	This negative statement is used to emphasize their success in battle. This can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: “we were able to defeat the people of every city even if the city had high walls around it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
206	DEU	2	37	v1z7	figs-you	you did not go	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so “you” is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
207	DEU	2	37	vt6d	translate-names	Jabbok River	This is the name of a river that created the border between Sihon’s land and the land of the Ammonites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
208	DEU	3	intro	z1ea			# Deuteronomy 3 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Victories<br>The victories recorded in this chapter occurred on the east side of the Jordan River. This was not part of the Promised Land, which was on the west side of the Jordan River. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])
209	DEU	3	1	b1tm		General Information:	Moses continues reminding the people of Israel of what happened in the past.
210	DEU	3	1	z2w7	translate-names	Og	This is the name of a king. See how you translated it in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
211	DEU	3	1	v626	translate-names	Edrei	This is the name of a city. See how you translated it in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
212	DEU	3	2	a3g7	translate-names	Sihon	This is the name of a king. See how you translated it in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
213	DEU	3	2	dc9j	translate-names	Heshbon	This is the name of a city. See how you translated it in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
214	DEU	3	2	hn64	figs-you	Yahweh said to me, ‘Do not fear him;…given you … under your control … You will do … as you did … at Heshbon.’	Yahweh is speaking to Moses as if Moses were the Israelites, so the command “do not fear” and all instances of “you” and “your” are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
215	DEU	3	2	w3dp		fear him … over him … his people and his land	Here the words “him” and “his” refer to Og.
216	DEU	3	2	w9tj	figs-pastforfuture	I have given you victory	Yahweh speaks of what he will do as if he had already done it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
217	DEU	3	2	pqq3	figs-synecdoche	You will do to him as you did to Sihon	The word “him” is a metonym for “his people.” Alternate translation: “You will destroy Og and his people as you did Sihon” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
218	DEU	3	3	n4lw	figs-activepassive	all his people were put under our control	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh put all of Og’s people under our control” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
219	DEU	3	3	rm5e	figs-litotes	not one of his people remained	This is a litotes that is used to emphasize that the Israelites did not let anyone live. Alternate translation: “all of his people were dead” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
220	DEU	3	4	nwb3	figs-doublenegatives	There was not one of the sixty cities that we did not take	This is a double negative that emphasizes that they took all of the 60 cities. Alternate translation: “We took every one of the sixty cities” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
221	DEU	3	4	n378	translate-numbers	sixty cities	“60 cities” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
222	DEU	3	4	x9q1	translate-names	the region of Argob	This is the name of a region within Bashan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
223	DEU	3	5	qup3		General Information:	Moses continues reminding the people of Israel of what happened in the past.
224	DEU	3	5	p7qc		These were all cities fortified with	“These were all cities protected by”
225	DEU	3	5	v9nt		besides very many	“in addition to very many” or “not including very many”
226	DEU	3	6	mm89	translate-names	Sihon	This is the name of a king. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
227	DEU	3	6	zx6i	translate-names	Heshbon	This is the name of a city. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
228	DEU	3	8	w2ct		General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
229	DEU	3	8	e82d	figs-metonymy	out of the hand of the two kings	Here the metonym “out of the hand of” means “from the control of.” Alternate translation: “from the control of the two kings” or “from the two kings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
230	DEU	3	8	kg66		Amorites	“Amorite people.” See how you translated the name of this people group in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md).
231	DEU	3	8	l9c4		beyond the Jordan	This refers to the land across the Jordan River, to the east of Israel. Moses was east of the Jordan when he said this. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 1:1](../01/01.md). Alternate translation: “east of the Jordan River”
232	DEU	3	8	c8hd		the Valley of the Arnon	See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 2:24](../02/24.md).
233	DEU	3	8	b5q8	translate-names	Mount Hermon	This is the name of a mountain at the northern border of Bashan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
234	DEU	3	9	nk7s	translate-names	Mount Hermon … Sirion … Senir	These are all names of the same mountain which is at the northern border of Bashan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
235	DEU	3	10	g7ie		Bashan … Edrei … Og	See how you translated these in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md).
236	DEU	3	10	gk8j		of the plain	This is high, flat land between the Arnon River and Mount Gilead.
237	DEU	3	10	l1kh	translate-names	Salekah	This is the name of a city near Edrei. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
238	DEU	3	11	nd7p		General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
239	DEU	3	11	ju5n	writing-background	For of the remnant … the way people measure	This is background information about King Og. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
240	DEU	3	11	mdg3		Rephaim	See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 2:11](../02/11.md).
241	DEU	3	11	i4qm		Look!	“Pay attention to the important thing I am going to tell you.”
242	DEU	3	11	ev4b	figs-rquestion	Was it not in Rabbah,…live?	The writer uses a question to remind the people of Israel that they could go to Rabbah and see how large Og must have been. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. This could mean: (1) “It was in Rabbah,…live.” or (2) “It is in Rabbah … live.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
243	DEU	3	11	b98u	translate-bdistance	cubits	A cubit is 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
244	DEU	3	11	z43d		the way people measure	“according to the cubit most people use”
245	DEU	3	12	ac8k		General Information:	Moses continues reminding the people of what happened in the past.
246	DEU	3	12	s921		Aroer	See how you translated the name of this town in [Deuteronomy 2:36](../02/36.md).
247	DEU	3	12	h352		the Valley of the Arnon	See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 2:24](../02/24.md).
248	DEU	3	13	pt8s		the region of Argob	See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 3:4](../03/04.md).
249	DEU	3	13	xzf3	writing-background	The same territory is called the land of Rephaim	The writer begins to present background information about the land that the people of Israel captured. If your language has a way of showing that what follows is background information, you should use it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
250	DEU	3	13	g27b		Rephaim	See how you translated the name of this land in [Deuteronomy 2:11](../02/11.md).
251	DEU	3	14	xv6z		General Information:	This continues the background information about the land the people of Israel captured ([Deuteronomy 3:13](../03/13.md)).
252	DEU	3	14	aa4n	translate-names	Jair	This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
253	DEU	3	14	uz9u	translate-names	the Geshurites and the Maakathites	These are people groups who lived west of Bashan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
254	DEU	3	14	g7g2		Havvoth Jair	Translators may make a footnote that says: “The name ‘Havvoth Jair’ means ‘tent villages of Jair’ or ‘realm of Jair.’”
255	DEU	3	15	hyk9		General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
256	DEU	3	15	fik9		I gave	Here “I” refers to Moses.
257	DEU	3	15	x1nt	translate-names	to Machir	Machir was the son of Manasseh. He had died before Moses gave this land. The name is a metonym for the descendants of the person. Alternate translation: “to the descendants of Machir” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
258	DEU	3	16	ni9h	translate-names	Jabbok River	This is the name of a river that created the border between Sihon’s land and the land of the Ammonites. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 2:37](../02/37.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
259	DEU	3	17	qm24		General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
260	DEU	3	17	bb2m		Another of its borders is also	“The western border of the Reubenite and Gadite territory is”
261	DEU	3	17	y51g	translate-names	Kinnereth	the Sea of Kinnereth, also called “the Sea of Galilee” or “the Lake of Gennesaret” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
262	DEU	3	17	w6xs	translate-names	Mount Pisgah	This is the name of a mountain in the northern part of the Abarim mountain range. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
263	DEU	3	18	i7wz		General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
264	DEU	3	18	i1zt	figs-explicit	I commanded you at that time	Moses reminds the tribe of Reuben, the tribe of Gad, and the half tribe of Manasseh that they must help the other Israelites conquer the rest of the land God promised them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
265	DEU	3	18	rt7n		will pass over armed before	“will take your weapons and cross the Jordan River ahead of”
266	DEU	3	18	mq1x		your brothers, the people of Israel	“your fellow Israelites”
267	DEU	3	19	ma9q		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the tribes of Reuben and Gad and half of the tribe of Manasseh.
268	DEU	3	20	isu7	figs-metaphor	Yahweh gives rest to your brothers	The writer speaks as if the ability to rest were a physical object that could be given as a gift. The word “rest” is also a metaphor for peaceful life in which there is no war. Alternate translation: “Yahweh allows your brothers to rest” or “Yahweh allows your brothers to stop fighting wars and live peacefully” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
269	DEU	3	20	ac2j		beyond the Jordan	This refers to the land across the Jordan River, to the east of Israel. Moses was east of the Jordan when he said this. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 1:1](../01/01.md). Alternate translation: “east of the Jordan River”
270	DEU	3	20	s3hn		then will you return	Moses is emphasizing that the other tribes must possess their land before Yahweh will permit these three tribes to possess their land. “only then are you to return.”
271	DEU	3	21	s2lk		General Information:	Moses continues reminding the people of Israel about what happened in the past.
272	DEU	3	21	p9pl	figs-synecdoche	Your eyes have seen	Here “eyes” refers to Joshua. Alternate translation: “You have seen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
273	DEU	3	23	d3fi		General Information:	Moses continues reminding the people about what happened in the past.
274	DEU	3	23	j4ne		I implored	Here “I” refers to Moses. This means he asked God in a very earnest, emotional way.
275	DEU	3	24	z9tn		to show your servant	Here “your servant” is a polite way of speaking to someone with greater authority. Alternate translation: “to show me, your servant”
276	DEU	3	24	idr1	figs-metonymy	your strong hand	Here the metonym “hand” means control or power. Alternate translation: “your power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
277	DEU	3	24	qkn5	figs-rquestion	for what god is there … acts?	Moses uses a question to emphasize that Yahweh is the only God with the power to do the works he has done. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “for there is no god … acts.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
278	DEU	3	24	ls1e	figs-merism	in heaven or in earth	These two extremes together mean “anywhere.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
279	DEU	3	25	c8zq		beyond the Jordan	“west of the Jordan River.” When Moses spoke these words to Yahweh, he was east of the Jordan River in Moab.
280	DEU	3	26	xt4j		General Information:	Moses continues telling the people of Israel what happened in the past.
281	DEU	3	26	p3zp	figs-explicit	Yahweh was angry with me because of you	This refers to when Moses disobeyed what Yahweh told him to do because Moses was angry with the people of Israel. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 1:37](../01/37.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
282	DEU	3	27	qm9b		Pisgah	See how you translated this is in [Deuteronomy 3:17](../03/17.md).
283	DEU	3	27	a7ag	figs-idiom	lift up your eyes	The words “lift up your eyes” are an idiom that means look. Alternate translation: “look” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
284	DEU	3	28	x7d3		General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
285	DEU	3	29	dut2	translate-names	Beth Peor	This is the name of a town in Moab near Mount Pisgah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
286	DEU	4	intro	d8g8			# Deuteronomy 4 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Law of Moses<br>In order to possess the land, the people needed to obey the law of Moses. This will be the most important thing in the religious life of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])<br><br>### Moses’ instructions<br>Moses is not allowed to enter into the Promised Land. Since they are getting ready to possess the Promised Land, Moses gives them some last instructions before his death. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Rhetorical Questions<br>Moses uses several rhetorical questions in this chapter. The purpose of these questions is to convince his readers to obey his instructions. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
287	DEU	4	1	m1n5		I am about to teach you	Moses is telling the people of Israel what God wants them to do.
288	DEU	4	1	zdp5		to do them	“and obey them”
289	DEU	4	2	ft3x		You will not add to the words … neither will you diminish them	Yahweh does not want his people to create new laws, or to ignore those he has already given them.
290	DEU	4	3	u7gv		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
291	DEU	4	3	j4ng	figs-synecdoche	Your eyes have seen	Here “eyes” refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “You saw” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
292	DEU	4	3	bs2a	figs-explicit	because of Baal Peor	The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “because of the sins you committed at Baal Peor” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
293	DEU	4	3	fpr6		Peor	See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 3:29](../03/29.md).
294	DEU	4	3	yl8h	figs-pronouns	Yahweh your God has destroyed them from among you	Moses speaks to the people of Israel as though they were one person, so “your” and “you” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
295	DEU	4	4	x6hf	figs-metaphor	you who clung to Yahweh	The writer speaks as if trusting in Yahweh and obeying him were like physically holding on to a person. Alternate translation: “you who were careful to obey Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
296	DEU	4	5	yhv5		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
297	DEU	4	5	hs9r		Look	“Pay attention”
298	DEU	4	5	bis8		that you should do so in the midst of the land	“that you should obey them when you live in the land”
299	DEU	4	6	zr9k	figs-doublet	keep them and do them	These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that they are to obey them. Alternate translation: “obey them carefully” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
300	DEU	4	6	bhy7	figs-abstractnouns	this is your wisdom and your understanding in the sight of the peoples	The abstract nouns “wisdom” and “understanding” can be translated as adjective phrases, and the abstract noun “sight” refers to how the peoples judge or decide on the value of something. Alternate translation: “this is what will show the peoples that you are wise and that you understand what is important” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
301	DEU	4	6	sr33	figs-metonymy	this great nation is a wise and understanding people	The word “nation” is a metonym for the people of that nation. Alternate translation: “the people of this great nation are wise and understanding” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
302	DEU	4	7	thf7		General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
303	DEU	4	7	m62n	figs-rquestion	For what other great nation is there … him?	This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “For there is no other great nation … him.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
304	DEU	4	8	g3lt	figs-rquestion	What other great nation is there … today?	This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “There is no other great nation … today.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
305	DEU	4	9	wv6p		General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
306	DEU	4	9	bfw3	figs-pronouns	Only pay attention … guard yourself … you do not forget … your eyes … your heart … your life … make them known to your children and your children’s children	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they are one person, so all instances of “you,” “your,” and “yourself,” as well as the commands “pay attention,” “guard,” and “make known” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
307	DEU	4	9	d2dg		Only pay attention and carefully guard yourself	“Pay careful attention and be sure to remember these things always”
308	DEU	4	9	gm1c	figs-parallelism	you do not forget … they do not leave your heart	These phrases means the same thing and emphasize that the people of Israel must remember what they have seen. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
309	DEU	4	9	hp7e	figs-synecdoche	your eyes have seen	Here “eyes” are a synecdoche for the person. Alternate translation: “you have seen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
310	DEU	4	10	tkm7	figs-pronouns	you stood before Yahweh your God	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they are one person, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
311	DEU	4	10	ivm8		Assemble me the people	“Bring the people together and bring them to me”
312	DEU	4	11	wy4q		General Information:	Moses continues to remind the Israelites of their history.
313	DEU	4	11	ytq1	figs-idiom	with fire to the heart of heaven	This is an idiom. “The heart of” means “the middle of” or “the innermost part of,” and “heaven” here refers to the sky. Alternate translation: “with a fire that went up to the sky” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
314	DEU	4	11	f82u	figs-hendiadys	with darkness, cloud, and thick darkness	Here “thick darkness” describes the cloud. Alternate translation: “with a thick, dark cloud” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
315	DEU	4	11	jh6q		thick darkness	Another possible meaning is “heavy cloud.”
316	DEU	4	13	re7g		General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
317	DEU	4	13	tk8q		He declared	“Yahweh declared”
318	DEU	4	13	yz4x		to you	Here “you” refers to the Israelites who were at Mount Horeb.
319	DEU	4	14	bdx7		in the land that you are crossing over to take possession of	“after you have crossed over the Jordan River and taken possession of the land”
320	DEU	4	15	yqn4		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
321	DEU	4	16	f5bb		do not corrupt yourselves	“do not do what is wrong”
322	DEU	4	18	xe6b		creeps on the ground	“crawls on the ground”
323	DEU	4	19	a5bt	figs-you	You shall not lift your eyes … and look … and be drawn … Yahweh your God	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” and the words “lift,” “look,” and “be drawn” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
324	DEU	4	19	mg57	figs-activepassive	You shall not … and be drawn away to worship	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Do not … and do not let anyone make you want to worship” or “Do not … and do not allow yourself worship” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
325	DEU	4	19	r5pg		all the host of the heavens	“everything you can see in the sky.” This is another way of referring to the sun, moon, and stars.
326	DEU	4	19	mpi9	figs-idiom	of which Yahweh your God has given a share all the peoples	This is an idiom. Moses speaks of the stars as if they were small objects like food that Yahweh was dividing and giving out to the people groups. Alternate translation: “that Yahweh your God has put there to help all people groups” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
327	DEU	4	20	uej2	figs-metaphor	brought you out of the iron furnace	Moses speaks of Egypt and the hard work the Israelites did there as if it were an oven in which iron is heated and the Israelites were the iron. Alternate translation: “brought you out of the land where people made you do hard work” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
328	DEU	4	20	c59d	figs-idiom	a people of his own inheritance	This is an idiom that can be translated “people who belong only to him.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
329	DEU	4	21	q42n		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
330	DEU	4	21	l8rk	figs-explicit	Yahweh was angry with me because of you	This refers to when Moses disobeyed what Yahweh told him to do because Moses was angry with the people of Israel. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 1:37](../01/37.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
331	DEU	4	21	qnf5	figs-you	Yahweh your God is giving to you	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
332	DEU	4	23	gf5v		Pay attention to yourselves	“Pay careful attention”
333	DEU	4	23	q9m3	figs-you	Yahweh your God has forbidden you	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one person, so the words “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
334	DEU	4	24	z6c8	figs-metaphor	Yahweh your God is a devouring fire, a jealous God	Moses compares how Yahweh acts when he is angry to the way a fire destroys things. Alternate translation: “Yahweh your God will severely punish and destroy you like a fire does because he does not want you to worship other gods” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
335	DEU	4	24	d51q	figs-you	Yahweh your God	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one person, so the word “your” is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
336	DEU	4	25	d5qj		General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
337	DEU	4	25	sw65		you beget … Yahweh your God	The words “you” and “your” are singular here.
338	DEU	4	25	txa1		beget	become the father of, or become the ancestor of
339	DEU	4	25	r6pb		if you corrupt yourselves	“if you do what is wrong.” See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:16](../04/16.md).
340	DEU	4	25	v824	figs-idiom	do what is evil in the sight of Yahweh your God, to provoke him to anger	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “you make Yahweh your God angry by doing what he says is evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
341	DEU	4	26	lbi9	figs-metonymy	I call heaven and earth to witness	This could mean: (1) Moses is calling on all those who live in heaven and earth to be witnesses to what he says or (2) Moses is speaking to heaven and earth as if they are people, and he is calling them to be witnesses to what he says. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
342	DEU	4	26	tz2p	figs-metaphor	you will not prolong your days	Long days are a metaphor for a long life. Alternate translation: “you will not be able to live a long time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
343	DEU	4	26	eme2	figs-hyperbole	but you will be completely destroyed	As indicated in 4:27, not every Israelite will be killed. Here “completely destroy” is a generalization and emphasizes that many of the Israelites will die. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “but Yahweh will destroy many of you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
344	DEU	4	27	yy63		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
345	DEU	4	27	swv8	figs-metaphor	Yahweh will scatter you among the peoples	Moses speaks as if the people were seeds that Yahweh would scatter around a field. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will send you to many different places and force you to live there” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
346	DEU	4	27	u1el		will lead you away	“will send you” or “will cause your enemies to take you away”
347	DEU	4	28	eq2t	figs-synecdoche	the work of men’s hands, wood and stone	Here “men’s hands” refers the men themselves, and “the work … wood and stone” to the idols that they have created. Alternate translation: “the wood and stone idols that men have made” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
348	DEU	4	29	t9hj	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel. He speaks as though they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
349	DEU	4	29	nz82		But from there	“But when you are in those other nations”
350	DEU	4	29	m6l6	figs-you	you will seek	The word “you” here is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
351	DEU	4	29	fki1		when you search after him	“when you really try to find him” or “when you really try to know him”
352	DEU	4	29	pl1s	figs-metonymy	with all your heart and with all your soul	Here “heart” and “soul” are metonyms for a person’s inner being. These two phrases are used together to mean “completely” or “earnestly.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
353	DEU	4	30	bu4p		will have come on	“have happened to”
354	DEU	4	30	p1sc		in those later days	“afterwards” or “then”
355	DEU	4	30	xhr4	figs-idiom	listen to his voice	Here “listen” is an idiom that means to hear and obey. Also, “his voice” refers to Yahweh and emphasizes what he says. Alternate translation: “obey what he says” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
356	DEU	4	32	yss9	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and the command “ask now” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
357	DEU	4	33	gv8c	figs-rquestion	Did ever a people hear the voice of God speaking out of the midst of the fire, as you have heard, and live?	Here the people of Israel are reminded of how Yahweh has spoken to them in an amazing way in the past. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “No other people besides you has heard God speak from the middle of the fire and lived.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
358	DEU	4	33	uge5	figs-synecdoche	hear the voice of God speaking	Here God is represented by his voice. Alternate translation: “hear God’s voice as he spoke” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
359	DEU	4	34	i1ev		General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
360	DEU	4	34	uct8	figs-metaphor	by a mighty hand, and by an outstretched arm	Here “a mighty hand” and “an outstretched arm” are metaphors for Yahweh’s power. Alternate translation: “by showing his mighty power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
361	DEU	4	34	r398	figs-synecdoche	before your eyes	Here “eyes” refer to the whole person. Alternate translation: “in front of you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
362	DEU	4	35	yl1z	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
363	DEU	4	35	nu4a	figs-activepassive	To you these things were shown	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh showed you these things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
364	DEU	4	36	r411		he made you to hear … made you see	“he made sure you heard … made sure you saw”
365	DEU	4	36	pii8	figs-metonymy	made you … you heard	Moses speaks as if the people to whom he was speaking were the people he had spoken to at Mount Sinai many years earlier. The people at Mount Sinai were actually the fathers of the people to whom he was speaking these words. Alternate translation: “made your fathers … your fathers heard” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
366	DEU	4	37	ss1r	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
367	DEU	4	37	p6x2		your fathers	This refers to Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and Jacob’s sons.
368	DEU	4	37	yey2		with his presence, with his great power	“with the great power that comes from his presence” or “with his great power”
369	DEU	4	39	esi7	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
370	DEU	4	39	ufg5	figs-idiom	lay it on your heart	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “remember it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
371	DEU	4	39	f524	figs-merism	in heaven above and on the earth beneath	The two phrases “in heaven” and “on the earth” show two extremes and mean “everywhere.” Alternate translation: “over everything” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
372	DEU	4	40	c3aw	figs-metaphor	prolong your days	Long days are a metaphor for a long life. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:26](../04/26.md). Alternate translation: “be able to live a long time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
373	DEU	4	41	bt78		General Information:	Moses’s speech, which began in [Deuteronomy 1:6](../01/06.md), has finished, and the writer continues the narrative that ended in [Deuteronomy 1:5](../01/05.md).
374	DEU	4	43	csf7	translate-names	Bezer … Ramoth … Golan	These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
375	DEU	4	44	j6tj		This is the law	This refers to the laws Moses will give in the following chapters.
376	DEU	4	46	zf9l	translate-names	Beth Peor	This is the name of a town in Moab near Mount Pisgah. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 3:29](../03/29.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
377	DEU	4	46	c8za		Sihon … Amorites … Heshbon	“King Sihon … Amorite people … town of Heshbon.” See how you translated these names in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md).
378	DEU	4	47	ya36		his land	King Sihon’s land
379	DEU	4	47	h15l		beyond the Jordan toward the east	This refers to the land across the Jordan River, to the east of Israel. Moses was east of the Jordan when he said this. Alternate translation: “from the side of the Jordan River toward the east”
380	DEU	4	48	kwj2		Aroer	This is the name of a city. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 2:36](../02/36.md).
381	DEU	4	48	n3ct		the Valley of the Arnon	This is the name of a place. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 2:24](../02/24.md).
382	DEU	4	48	vyn6		Mount Siyon … Mount Hermon	These are different names for the same mountain. The word “Sion” is another spelling of “Sirion” ([Deuteronomy 3:9](../03/09.md)). See how you translated “Mount Hermon” in [Deuteronomy 3:8](../03/08.md).
383	DEU	4	49	axk1		eastward beyond the Jordan	This refers to the land across the Jordan River, to the east of Israel. Moses was east of the Jordan when he said this. Alternate translation: “eastward from the side of the Jordan River”
384	DEU	4	49	x6zf		Sea of the Arabah … Mount Pisgah	See how you translated these names in [Deuteronomy 3:17](../03/17.md).
385	DEU	5	intro	xsp1			# Deuteronomy 5 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each of the commandements in the list of Ten Commandments in 5:7-21 farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. The ULT uses a separate paragraph for each commandment.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Ten commandments<br>This chapter repeats the material of Exodus 20. It is known as the Ten Commandments.<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Metaphors and idioms<br>Moses uses metaphors and idioms to instruct the people to follow the law of Moses. This is because it is very important to follow these laws. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
386	DEU	5	1	d5qb		General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
387	DEU	5	1	vj47	figs-hyperbole	called to all Israel	Here “all” is a generalization. Moses wanted everyone in Israel to hear and obey his words, but his voice was probably not so loud that everyone actually heard him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
388	DEU	5	1	rwb1	figs-synecdoche	that I will speak in your ears today	Here “ears” refers to the whole person. This metaphor emphasizes that the people know what Moses has said to them, so they cannot sin and then say they did not know they were sinning. Alternate translation: “that I will speak to you today” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
389	DEU	5	3	hf3s		Yahweh did not make this covenant with our ancestors	This could mean: (1) Yahweh did not only make a covenant with those who were at Horeb; the covenant was also with the later generations of Israelites or (2) Yahweh did not make this covenant with their distant ancestors, such as, Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob; instead, this covenant began with the Israelites at Horeb.
390	DEU	5	4	ijj6		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
391	DEU	5	4	h6t4	figs-idiom	face to face	Use your language’s idiom for two people who are close to each other and looking at each other when they are speaking to each other. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
392	DEU	5	4	n291		on the mount	“on the mountain”
393	DEU	5	5	b7in		at that time	Moses is referring to an event that happened about 40 years earlier.
394	DEU	5	6	fbu5	figs-metonymy	out of the house of slavery	Here the metonym “house of slavery” refers to Egypt where the people of Israel had been slaves. Alternate translation: “out of the place where you were slaves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
395	DEU	5	7	f42x	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues reminding the people what Yahweh has commanded them. The phrases “you will” and “you will not” are commands. He speaks to the Israelites as if they were one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
396	DEU	5	7	pa85		You will have no other gods before me	“You must not worship any other gods but me”
397	DEU	5	8	bs7n	figs-explicit	that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water below	This can be made more explicit. Alternate translation: “that is in the earth beneath your feet, or that is in the water below the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
398	DEU	5	9	a6ef	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
399	DEU	5	9	sxf4		You will not bow down to them or serve them	“You will not worship the carved figures or do as they command”
400	DEU	5	9	q9rc		You will not	“Never”
401	DEU	5	9	qi9s		I … am a jealous God	“I … want you to worship only me”
402	DEU	5	10	zxf7	figs-abstractnouns	showing covenant faithfulness to thousands, to those who love me	The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be stated as “faithfully” or “faithful.” Alternate translation: “faithfully loving thousands, those who love me” or “being faithful to the covenant with thousands, with those who love me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
403	DEU	5	10	gvi1	figs-explicit	to thousands, to those who love me	Some translations read “to a thousand generations of those who love me.” The word “thousands” is a metonym for a number too many to count. Alternate translation: “forever, to those who love me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
404	DEU	5	11	kd28	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
405	DEU	5	11	nj56		You will not take the name of Yahweh	“You will not use the name of Yahweh”
406	DEU	5	11	jap9		You will not	See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 5:9](../05/09.md).
407	DEU	5	11	fv41		in vain	“carelessly” or “without proper respect” or “for wrong purposes”
408	DEU	5	11	in6b	figs-doublenegatives	Yahweh will not hold him guiltless	This can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will consider him guilty” or “Yahweh will punish him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
409	DEU	5	12	vbs1	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
410	DEU	5	12	ybn9		to keep it holy	“to dedicate it to God”
411	DEU	5	13	p3yg		do all your work	“do all your usual duties”
412	DEU	5	14	cx31	translate-ordinal	seventh day	“day 7.” Here “seventh” is the ordinal number for seven. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
413	DEU	5	14	kbw8		On it you will not do	“On that day never do”
414	DEU	5	14	c3x8	figs-synecdoche	within your gates	Here “gates” is a reference to the city itself. Alternate translation: “within your community” or “inside your city” or “living with you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
415	DEU	5	15	x69h	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
416	DEU	5	15	p52p	figs-idiom	You will call to mind	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “You must remember” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
417	DEU	5	15	ls4c	figs-metaphor	by a mighty hand and by an outstretched arm	Here “a mighty hand” and “an outstretched arm” are metaphors for Yahweh’s power. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:34](../04/34.md). Alternate translation: “by showing his mighty power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
418	DEU	5	16	g54g	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
419	DEU	5	17	x2en	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
420	DEU	5	17	u97m		You will not	See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 5:9](../05/09.md).
421	DEU	5	18	lke6		You will not commit adultery	“You will not sleep with anyone other than your spouse”
422	DEU	5	20	vp3r		You will not give false witness against your neighbor	“You will not tell lies about someone”
423	DEU	5	21	msw3	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
424	DEU	5	21	sqc4		You will not	See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 5:9](../05/09.md).
425	DEU	5	22	c5s9		General Information:	Moses continues to remind the people of Israel what Yahweh said.
426	DEU	5	23	vkg3		General Information:	Moses continues to remind the people of Israel what happened in the past.
427	DEU	5	23	ar5z	figs-synecdoche	heard the voice	The word “voice” is a metonym for the sound of the voice or for the person who was speaking. Alternate translation: “heard the sound of the voice” or “heard Yahweh speaking” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
428	DEU	5	25	k97b		General Information:	Moses continues to remind the Israelites what the Israelites had said to Moses.
429	DEU	5	25	zra9	figs-rquestion	But why should we die?	They were afraid that they would die if Yahweh spoke to them. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “We are afraid that we will die.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
430	DEU	5	26	qk3j	figs-rquestion	For who besides us is there … have done?	This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “There are no other people besides us … have done.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
431	DEU	5	26	sdf1	figs-synecdoche	all flesh	This represents all people or living things. Alternate translation: “all people” or “all living beings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
432	DEU	5	28	j5bk		when you spoke to me	Here “me” refers to Moses.
433	DEU	5	29	m98l	figs-idiom	Oh, that there were	If your language has an idiom that expresses a strong desire for something, you might want to use it here. Alternate translation: “I would be very happy if there were” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
434	DEU	5	31	bn9j		General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
435	DEU	5	31	u4lk		you will teach them	“you will teach the people of Israel”
436	DEU	5	32	kyg9		General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
437	DEU	5	32	weq5		You will keep	Moses is giving a command to the people of Israel.
438	DEU	5	32	w87i	figs-metaphor	you will not turn aside to the right hand or to the left	This compares a person disobeying God to a person turning off of the correct path. Alternate translation: “you will not disobey him in any way” or “you will do everything he says” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
439	DEU	5	33	ype4	figs-metaphor	prolong your days	Long days are a metaphor for a long life. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 4:40](../04/40.md). Alternate translation: “be able to live a long time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
440	DEU	6	intro	q4y8			# Deuteronomy 6 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Yahweh’s blessings<br>Yahweh’s continued blessing of the people of Israel is dependent upon the people’s obedience to the law of Moses. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Metaphors<br>There are many metaphors in this chapter. These metaphors describe the greatness of the Promised Land the wholehearted worship that is completely dedicated to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])
441	DEU	6	1	it53	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues the speech to the people of Israel he began in [Deuteronomy 5:1](../05/01.md). Beginning in verse 2, he speaks to the people of Israel as if they were one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
442	DEU	6	1	z6zb		might keep	“might obey”
443	DEU	6	1	ymp9		going over the Jordan	“going to the other side of the Jordan River”
444	DEU	6	2	l6ps		to keep	“to obey”
445	DEU	6	2	i3ku	figs-metaphor	that your days may be prolonged	Long days are a metaphor for a long life. This can be stated in active form. This can be translated similarly to “prolong your days” in [Deuteronomy 4:26](../04/26.md). Alternate translation: “that I may prolong your days” or “that I may cause you to live a long time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
446	DEU	6	3	jl47	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
447	DEU	6	3	yk4u	figs-explicit	listen to them	Here “listen” means to obey, and “them” refers to Yahweh’s commandments. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “listen to Yahweh’s commandments, statutes, and decrees” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
448	DEU	6	3	cau8		keep them	“obey them”
449	DEU	6	3	t77l	figs-idiom	a land flowing with milk and honey	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “a land where plenty of milk and honey flow” or “a land that is excellent for cattle and farming” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
450	DEU	6	4	cip9	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
451	DEU	6	4	zv4t		Yahweh our God is one	“Our God Yahweh is the one and only God”
452	DEU	6	5	dc6b	figs-metonymy	with all your heart, with all your soul, and with all your might	Here “heart” and “soul” are metonyms for a person’s inner being. These three phrases are used together to mean “completely” or “earnestly.” See how you translated “with all your heart, with all your soul” in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
453	DEU	6	6	g3hf	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
454	DEU	6	6	u7kf		I am commanding you	Moses is speaking God’s commandments to the people of Israel.
455	DEU	6	6	a1y8	figs-idiom	will be in your heart	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “you must always remember” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
456	DEU	6	7	ye1m		you will diligently teach … you will talk	“I command you to diligently teach … I command you to talk.” The reader should understand these as commands.
457	DEU	6	8	mh97	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
458	DEU	6	8	x5c9	figs-metonymy	tie them	This is a metonym for “write these words on parchment, put the parchment in a pouch, and tie the pouch.” This metonym in turn may be a metaphor for “obey these words so that it is as if they were physically there.” Alternate translation: “tie these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
459	DEU	6	8	zn5b		as a sign upon your hand	“as something to make you remember my laws”
460	DEU	6	8	w48b	figs-metonymy	they will serve as frontlets	This is a metonym for “write these words on parchment, put the parchment in a pouch, and tie the pouch to your head so it sits.” This metonym in turn may be a metaphor for “obey these words so that it is as if they were physically there.” Alternate translation: “my words will serve as frontlets”(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
461	DEU	6	8	ju59		frontlets	ornaments a person wears on the forehead
462	DEU	6	9	ex69		You will write	This is a command.
463	DEU	6	10	gu32	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
464	DEU	6	10	yge8		large and very good cities that you did not build	All these cities will belong to the people of Israel when they conquer the people in Canaan.
465	DEU	6	12	kq91	figs-metonymy	out of the house of bondage	Here the metonym “house of bondage” refers to Egypt, the place where the people of Israel had been slaves. Alternate translation: “out of the place where you were slaves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
466	DEU	6	13	i1uw	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
467	DEU	6	13	b8cf		You will honor Yahweh your God; him you will worship, and you will swear by his name	“It is Yahweh your God and no one else whom you will honor; it is he alone whom you will worship, and it is by his name and only his name that you will swear.” Your language may have another way of emphasizing that Yahweh is telling the Israelites not to worship or serve any other god.
468	DEU	6	13	rn98	figs-metonymy	you will swear by his name	To swear by the name of Yahweh means to make Yahweh the basis or the power on which the oath is made. The metonym “his name” refers to Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: “you will swear and ask Yahweh to confirm it” or “when you swear you will speak his name” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
469	DEU	6	15	syl7		in the midst of you	“who lives among you”
470	DEU	6	15	hb7p	figs-activepassive	the anger of Yahweh your God will be kindled against you	Moses compares Yahweh’s anger to someone starting a fire to destroy things. This can be stated in active form. To kindle anger is a metaphor for becoming very angry. Alternate translation: “Yahweh your God will kindle his anger” or “Yahweh your God will become very angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
471	DEU	6	15	a26k		destroy you from	“destroy you so that there is nothing left of you anywhere on”
472	DEU	6	16	bd27	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
473	DEU	6	16	dj8u		You will not test Yahweh	Here “test” means to challenge Yahweh and force him to prove himself.
474	DEU	6	16	qk5b	translate-names	Massah	This is the name of a place in the desert. The translator may add a footnote that says: “The name ‘Massah’ means ‘testing.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
475	DEU	6	18	yri1	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
476	DEU	6	18	zh1i	figs-idiom	You will do what is right and good in the sight of Yahweh	This idiom is a command and a blessing. If the Israelites obey Yahweh, they will receive blessings from Yahweh. Alternate translation: “Do what Yahweh says is right and good” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
477	DEU	6	20	h9eh	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
478	DEU	6	20	vrj8	figs-metonymy	What are the covenant decrees … commanded you	In this question the “covenant decrees” represent their meaning and purpose. Alternate translation: “What do the covenant decrees … commanded mean to you” or “Why should you obey the covenant decrees … commanded you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
479	DEU	6	20	m992		your son	This refers to the children of the adult people of Israel to whom Moses was speaking Yahweh’s words.
480	DEU	6	21	c19m	figs-metaphor	with a mighty hand	Here “a mighty hand” refers to Yahweh’s power. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 4:34](../04/34.md). Alternate translation: “with his mighty power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
481	DEU	6	22	c7l2	figs-metonymy	on all his house	Here the metonym “his house” refers to the people of Yahweh. Alternate translation: “on all of his people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
482	DEU	6	22	k3se	figs-synecdoche	before our eyes	Here the word “eyes” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “where we could see them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
483	DEU	6	23	atp7	figs-explicit	might bring us in	The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “might bring us into Canaan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
484	DEU	6	24	nhg8	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. He tells them what they should tell their children about Yahweh’s commandments. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
485	DEU	6	24	ye68		keep	obey at all times and for a long time
486	DEU	6	25	p4b1		before Yahweh	“in the presence of Yahweh” or “where Yahweh can see us”
487	DEU	6	25	bva9	figs-metonymy	this will be our righteousness	The word “this” refers to keeping Yahweh’s commands. This is a metonym for Yahweh considering them righteous. Alternate translation: “he will consider us righteous” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
488	DEU	7	intro	y1wn			# Deuteronomy 7 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### “You must completely destroy them”<br>The people of Canaan were to be punished by Yahweh. Yahweh used Israel to punish these nations. If they were not completely destroyed, they would lead Israel into sin. Therefore, they were to be completely destroyed and be shown no mercy. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/mercy]])<br><br>### Abrahamic Covenant<br>This chapter references parts of the covenant Yahweh made with Abraham. It also emphasizes Yahweh’s faithfulness to this covenant. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]])
489	DEU	7	1	zv16	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
490	DEU	7	2	wdj3	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
491	DEU	7	2	h8dz	figs-metaphor	gives them over to you	Moses speaks of victory as if it were a physical object one person could give to another. Alternate translation: “enables you to defeat them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
492	DEU	7	2	s8nt		you defeat them	Here “them” refers to the seven nations from [Deuteronomy 7:1](../07/01.md).
493	DEU	7	4	y5rt	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
494	DEU	7	4	rsx4		For they will	“If you allow your children to marry the people from the other nations, the people from the other nations will”
495	DEU	7	4	x5dn	figs-metaphor	So the anger of Yahweh will be kindled against you	Moses compares Yahweh’s anger to someone starting a fire. This emphasizes Yahweh’s power to destroy what makes him angry. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will kindle his anger against you” or “Then Yahweh will become very angry with you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
496	DEU	7	4	nm8d	figs-you	against you	The word “you” refers to all the Israelites and so is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
497	DEU	7	5	m2rl	figs-you	you will deal … You will break … dash … cut … burn	Moses is speaking to all the Israelites here, so these words are all plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
498	DEU	7	6	bdz4	figs-you	General Information:	Moses tells the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
499	DEU	7	6	d86k	figs-metaphor	you are a nation that is set apart	Yahweh choosing the people of Israel to belong to him in a special way is spoken of as if Yahweh set them apart from all other nations. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
500	DEU	7	6	uqx6	figs-idiom	that are on the face of the earth	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “that live on the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
501	DEU	7	7	y5fb	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words. All instances of “you” and “your” are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
502	DEU	7	7	s7u3	figs-idiom	did not set his love upon you	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “did not love you more than he loved others” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
503	DEU	7	8	j4hq	figs-metaphor	with a mighty hand	Here “a mighty hand” refers to Yahweh’s power. These words also appear in [Deuteronomy 4:34](../04/34.md). Alternate translation: “with his mighty power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
504	DEU	7	8	xtl5	figs-metaphor	redeemed you out of the house of bondage	Moses speaks of Yahweh rescuing the people of Israel from being slaves as if Yahweh had paid money to a slave owner. Alternate translation: “rescued you from being slaves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
505	DEU	7	8	wdf1		house of bondage	Here the metonym “house of bondage” refers to Egypt, the place where the people of Israel had been slaves. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 6:12](../06/12.md). Alternate translation: “out of the place where you were slaves”
506	DEU	7	8	u9xe	figs-metonymy	hand of Pharaoh	Here “hand” means “the control of.” Alternate translation: “control of Pharaoh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
507	DEU	7	9	wd9i	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
508	DEU	7	9	ky8b	translate-numbers	for a thousand generations	“for 1,000 generations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
509	DEU	7	10	g32i	figs-idiom	repays those who hate him to their face	This idiom means “repays them quickly and openly so that they know God has punished them.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
510	DEU	7	10	xk2p	figs-litotes	he will not be lenient on whoever hates him	The words “not be lenient” are an understatement to emphasize that Yahweh will severely punish. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will severely punish everyone who hates him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
511	DEU	7	12	v1lv	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words. He speaks as if the Israelites are one person in verse 12 and to all of them as a group in verse 13. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
512	DEU	7	13	ghv3		multiply you	“increase the number of your people”
513	DEU	7	13	nmj6	figs-idiom	the fruit of your body	This is an idiom for “your children.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
514	DEU	7	13	rl5m	figs-idiom	the fruit of your ground	This is an idiom for “your crops.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
515	DEU	7	13	p14j		the multiplication of your cattle	“your cattle so they will become many”
516	DEU	7	14	f2th	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
517	DEU	7	14	fiu4	figs-activepassive	You will be blessed more than all other peoples	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will bless you more than I bless any other people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
518	DEU	7	14	e33a	figs-litotes	there will not be a childless male or a barren female among you or among your cattle	Moses uses a negative statement to emphasize that they all will be able to have children. This may be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: “All of you will be able to have children and your cattle will be able to reproduce” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
519	DEU	7	14	xr4e	figs-you	among you … your cattle	The words “you” and “your” are plural here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
520	DEU	7	15	qmw7		take away from you all sickness	“make sure that you do not become ill” or “keep you completely healthy”
521	DEU	7	15	x26j	figs-metaphor	none of the evil diseases … will he put on you, but he will put them on all those who hate you	Moses speaks as if disease were a heavy object that Yahweh would put on top of people. Alternate translation: “he will not make you sick with any of the evil diseases … but he will make your enemies sick with them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
522	DEU	7	16	x9kc	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
523	DEU	7	16	xbj2		You will consume all the peoples	“I command you to completely destroy all the people groups”
524	DEU	7	16	aia1	figs-metonymy	your eye will not pity them	This is a command. Moses speaks as if what the eye sees were the eye itself. Alternate translation: “do not allow what you see to cause you to pity them” or “do not pity them because you see that what you are doing is hurting them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
525	DEU	7	16	du7u		You will not worship	“never worship”
526	DEU	7	16	yvn8	figs-metaphor	that will be a trap for you	If the people worship other gods, they will be like an animal caught in a hunter’s trap, and they will be unable to escape. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
527	DEU	7	17	rl9v	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
528	DEU	7	17	bsr6	figs-idiom	If you say in your heart	The people should not be afraid even if they notice that the nations are stronger than they are. Alternate translation: “Even if you say in your heart” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
529	DEU	7	17	p5tn	figs-idiom	say in your heart	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “think” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
530	DEU	7	17	pn9g	figs-rquestion	how can I dispossess them?	Moses uses a question to emphasize that the people may feel afraid of the other nations. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I do not know how I will be able to dispossess them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
531	DEU	7	17	luy9		dispossess them	“take their land away from them”
532	DEU	7	18	ls4k	figs-idiom	do not be afraid	The people should not be afraid even if they notice that the nations are stronger than they are. Alternate translation: “even then do not be afraid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
533	DEU	7	18	fbw2	figs-idiom	you will call to mind	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “you must remember” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
534	DEU	7	19	a3ur	figs-synecdoche	that your eyes saw	Here “eyes” represent the whole person. Alternate translation: “that you saw” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
535	DEU	7	19	ph4a	figs-metaphor	the mighty hand, and the outstretched arm	Here “a mighty hand” and “an outstretched arm” are metaphors for Yahweh’s power. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 4:34](../04/34.md). Alternate translation: “and the mighty power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
536	DEU	7	20	xr3w	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
537	DEU	7	20	pwt4		Moreover, Yahweh	“And also, Yahweh”
538	DEU	7	20	sji2		send the hornet	This could mean: (1) God will send actual flying insects that sting people and cause pain, or (2) God will cause the people to become terrified and want to run away.
539	DEU	7	20	w9sm	figs-idiom	perish from your presence	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “die so you do not see them anymore” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
540	DEU	7	21	at6h		You will not	“Never”
541	DEU	7	21	v7bu		a great and fearsome God	“a great and awesome God” or “a great God who causes the people to fear”
542	DEU	7	22	d61j		little by little	“slowly”
543	DEU	7	23	m5in	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
544	DEU	7	23	lkz5	figs-idiom	give you victory over	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “enable you to defeat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
545	DEU	7	23	qmm8		victory over them	“victory over the armies from the other nations”
546	DEU	7	23	pa1h		he will greatly confuse them	“he will make them so they cannot think clearly”
547	DEU	7	23	cpi5	figs-activepassive	until they are destroyed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “until you have destroyed them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
548	DEU	7	24	v25y	figs-idiom	you will make their name perish from under heaven	The Israelites will completely destroy all the people from those nations, and in the future no one will remember them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
549	DEU	7	24	q4py		stand before you	“stand against you” or “defend themselves against you”
550	DEU	7	25	tq89	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words. In verse 25 he speaks to the group as a group, so the forms of “you” are plural, but in verse 26 he speaks as if the Israelites are one person, so the forms are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
551	DEU	7	25	y5bl		You will burn	This is a command.
552	DEU	7	25	d8rc		do not covet … trapped by it	These words add to the instruction to burn the idols.
553	DEU	7	25	su6c	figs-metaphor	you will become trapped by it	Even taking the gold or silver on the idols could cause the people to start worshiping them. By doing this they would become like an animal caught by a trap. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “it will become a trap to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
554	DEU	7	25	z31g		for it is an abomination to Yahweh your God	These words tell why Yahweh wants the people to burn the idols. “do this because Yahweh your God hates it very much”
555	DEU	7	26	b8dp	figs-doublet	You will utterly detest and abhor	The words “detest” and “abhor” mean basically the same thing and emphasize the intensity of hatred. Alternate translation: “You will completely hate” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
556	DEU	7	26	xs75	figs-metaphor	for it is set apart for destruction	Yahweh cursing something and promising to destroy it is spoken of as if Yahweh were setting the object apart from everything else. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “for Yahweh has set it apart for destruction” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
557	DEU	8	intro	w4zj			# Deuteronomy 8 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Forgetting<br>This chapter recalls the great things that Yahweh has done for Israel and is about to do for them. This is so they do not forget him and they will continue to worship him. They must remember that Yahweh is the source of their blessings. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]])
558	DEU	8	1	rbf2	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
559	DEU	8	1	zvt4	figs-you	You must keep … you may live and multiply, and go in and possess … your fathers	All instances of “you” and “your” and the verbs are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
560	DEU	8	2	t2tj	figs-idiom	You will call to mind	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “You must remember” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
561	DEU	8	2	c56q	translate-numbers	forty years	“40 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
562	DEU	8	2	a9m6		he might humble you	“he might show you how weak and sinful you are”
563	DEU	8	2	l3al		to know	“to reveal” or “to show”
564	DEU	8	2	y8fn	figs-metonymy	what was in your heart	The heart is a symbol of a person’s character. Alternate translation: “what kind of people you are” or “how you would behave” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
565	DEU	8	3	aiu7	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. He continues to remind them of what they should “call to mind” ([Deuteronomy 8:2](../08/02.md)). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
566	DEU	8	3	upj2		He humbled you	“Yahweh showed you how weak and sinful you are.” See how “he might humble you” is translated in [Deuteronomy 8:2](../08/02.md).
567	DEU	8	3	ygr4		fed you with manna	“gave you manna to eat”
568	DEU	8	3	t9be	figs-synecdoche	it is not by bread alone that people live	Here “bread” represents all food. Alternate translation: “food is not the only thing people need so they can live” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
569	DEU	8	3	d9as	figs-metonymy	it is by everything that proceeds out of the mouth of Yahweh that people live	Here “the mouth of Yahweh” is a metonym for the words that Yahweh says. Alternate translation: “people must obey the commands of Yahweh so they can live” or “people must do what Yahweh tells them to do so they can live” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
570	DEU	8	4	b3h6	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
571	DEU	8	4	pr86		Your clothing … forty years	This is the last item that they should “call to mind” ([Deuteronomy 8:2](../08/02.md)).
572	DEU	8	4	d347	translate-numbers	forty years	“40 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
573	DEU	8	5	fty1		You will think … God disciplines you	This continues the list of commands that begins in [Deuteronomy 8:1](./01.md).
574	DEU	8	5	fn6f	figs-metonymy	You will think about in your heart	Here the metonym “heart” represents the thoughts and understanding of a person. Alternate translation: “You will understand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
575	DEU	8	6	j5yw		You will keep … honor him	This continues the list of commands that begins in [Deuteronomy 8:1](./01.md).
576	DEU	8	7	y2tj	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
577	DEU	8	7	jl8h		a land of	“a land with” or “a land that has”
578	DEU	8	9	gx2v	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
579	DEU	8	9	s4ft	figs-litotes	a land in which you will eat bread without lack	This litotes can be translated positively. Alternate translation: “a land where there will be plenty of food for you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
580	DEU	8	9	s966	figs-doublenegatives	where you will not go without anything	This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “where you will have everything you need” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
581	DEU	8	9	dyk2		stones are made of iron	The stones are full of iron ore. Iron is a very hard metal useful for swords and plows.
582	DEU	8	9	q74l		dig copper	“mine copper.” Copper is a soft metal useful for making household utensils.
583	DEU	8	10	cat4		You will eat and be full	“You will have enough food to eat until you are full”
584	DEU	8	10	ac1j		you will bless	“you will praise” or “you will give thanks to”
585	DEU	8	11	i252	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
586	DEU	8	12	g242		Connecting Statement:	This verse describes the first two items of a list of five things that might make the Israelites forget about Yahweh (verse 11): “when you eat and are full” and “when you build good houses.”
587	DEU	8	12	eyd5		when you eat and are full	“when you have enough food to eat”
588	DEU	8	12	ft1p	figs-metonymy	your heart will be lifted up	Here “heart” represents the inner person. To become prideful and no longer obey Yahweh is spoken of as if the person’s heart is lifted up. Alternate translation: “you will become prideful and no longer obey Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
589	DEU	8	13	vg4r		Connecting Statement:	This verse describes the last three of the five things that might cause them to forget Yahweh. The first two are “you eat and are full” and “you build good houses and live in them” ([Deuteronomy 8:12](./12.md)). The last three are “when your herds and flocks multiply,” “when your silver and gold increase,” and “all that you have is multiplied.”
590	DEU	8	13	yd2e	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
591	DEU	8	13	tyu1		your herds and flocks	“your herds of cattle and flocks of sheep and goats”
592	DEU	8	13	hl2t		multiply	increase greatly in number
593	DEU	8	13	ax24	figs-activepassive	all that you have is multiplied	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you have many more things” or “you have many more possessions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
594	DEU	8	14	rus3		Connecting Statement:	This verse contains the first two of three items Moses warns the people to be careful of ([Deuteronomy 8:11](./11.md)): that “your heart becomes lifted up” and “you forget Yahweh your God.” It then lists the first of four characteristics of Yahweh that they need to remember, that Yahweh “brought you out of the land of Egypt.”
595	DEU	8	14	en28	figs-metonymy	your heart becomes lifted up	Here “heart” represents the inner person. To become prideful and no longer obey Yahweh is spoken of as if the person’s heart is lifted up. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Deuteronomy 8:12](../08/12.md). Alternate translation: “you become prideful and no longer obey Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
596	DEU	8	14	a2g6	figs-distinguish	who brought you out	Moses begins to remind the Israelites of what they know about Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]])
597	DEU	8	14	k1uk	figs-metaphor	out of the house of bondage	This is a metaphor for the time they were slaves in Egypt. Alternate translation: “out from the place where you were slaves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
598	DEU	8	15	p6ka		Connecting Statement:	This verse gives the second and third items in the list of characteristics that Moses reminds the Israelites that they must remember about “Yahweh your God” ([Deuteronomy 8:14](./14.md)) the first being that he “brought you out of Egypt” ([Deuteronomy 8:14](./14.md)). the second that he led them “through the … wilderness,” and the third that he “brought … water out of the rock.”
599	DEU	8	15	x3kw	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
600	DEU	8	15	c4zs	figs-distinguish		Moses continues to remind the Israelites of what they know about Yahweh ([Deuteronomy 8:14](../08/14.md)). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]])
601	DEU	8	15	da8e		who led … who brought	“Yahweh, who led … Yahweh, who brought”
602	DEU	8	15	nlk7		fiery serpents	“poisonous snakes”
603	DEU	8	15	x91q	figs-personification	thirsty ground	This phrase describes the ground as being thirsty just like a person is thirsty when he needs water. Alternate translation: “dry ground” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
604	DEU	8	16	uzq3		Connecting Statement:	This is the fourth item in the list of characteristics that Moses reminds the Israelites that they must remember about “Yahweh your God” ([Deuteronomy 8:14](./14.md)) the first being that he “brought you out of Egypt” ([Deuteronomy 8:14](./14.md)), the second that he led them “through the … wilderness” ([Deuteronomy 8:15](./15.md)), and the third that he “brought … water out of the rock” ([Deuteronomy 8:15](./15.md)).
605	DEU	8	16	crk4		He fed	Moses continues to remind the Israelites of what they know about Yahweh ([Deuteronomy 8:14](../08/14.md)). “Yahweh fed”
606	DEU	8	16	q464		to do you good	“to help you” or “because it would be good for you”
607	DEU	8	17	uf8j		Connecting Statement:	This is the third item in the list of things that Yahweh warns the Israelites that they might do ([Deuteronomy 8:11](./11.md)), the first being “your heart becomes lifted up” and the second being “you forget Yahweh your God” ([Deuteronomy 8:14](./14.md)).
608	DEU	8	17	sd9i	figs-metonymy	but you may say in your heart	This is the third thing the people might do when their hearts “become lifted up” and they “forget Yahweh” ([Deuteronomy 8:14](../08/14.md)). Here “heart” is a metonym for a person’s innermost thoughts. Alternate translation: “but you may think to yourself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
609	DEU	8	17	g2bf	figs-metonymy	My power and the might of my hand acquired all this wealth	Here “hand” refers to a man’s power or ability. Alternate translation: “I got this wealth because I am so strong and powerful” or “I have acquired all these things by my own power and ability” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
610	DEU	8	18	ftx1	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
611	DEU	8	18	nl2a	figs-idiom	But you will call to mind	This idiom is a command. Alternate translation: “But remember” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
612	DEU	8	18	g9fc		that he may establish	This could mean: (1) “in this way he establishes” or (2) “in this way he is faithful to establish.”
613	DEU	8	18	i5v9		that he may	“so he can”
614	DEU	8	18	axw6		establish	cause to stand or to remain
615	DEU	8	18	in9j		as it is today	“as he is doing now” or “as he is establishing his covenant now”
616	DEU	8	19	sdv6	figs-metaphor	walk after other gods	Walking is a metaphor for obeying. Alternate translation: “serve other gods” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
617	DEU	8	19	u2bq	figs-you	against you … you will	These instances of “you” are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
618	DEU	8	19	rd16		I testify against you	“I warn you” or “I tell you in front of witnesses”
619	DEU	8	19	umv6		you will surely perish	“you will certainly die”
620	DEU	8	20	d86j	figs-you	before you … you perish … you would not … your God	All these instances of “you” and “your” are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
621	DEU	8	20	a8kh		before you	“in front of you”
622	DEU	8	20	l83x	figs-metonymy	would not listen to the voice of Yahweh	Here “the voice of Yahweh” means what Yahweh tells his people to do. Alternate translation: “would not obey Yahweh’s commandments” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
623	DEU	9	intro	id6j			# Deuteronomy 9 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Yahweh’s victory<br>This chapter assures the Israelites that it is Yahweh who will empower them to conquer the Promised Land. The Israelites will not be strong enough on their own to conquer these other nations. This victory will be Yahweh’s. The people did not earn this victory, but it is Yahweh’s punishment of these sinful nations. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])<br><br>### Israel’s sin<br>Yahweh is about to punish the Canaanites for their sin. He also reminds Israel of their sin. This serves as a warning to the people of Israel. If they sin again, Yahweh will punish them too.
624	DEU	9	1	iqh4	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
625	DEU	9	1	wy46	figs-metonymy	Hear, Israel	The word “Israel” is a metonym for the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “Listen, people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
626	DEU	9	1	n75r		to dispossess	“to take the land from”
627	DEU	9	1	zw1n	figs-hyperbole	fortified up to heaven	This is an exaggeration that emphasizes how frightened the people were because the cities were so large and strong. See how you translated similar words in [Deuteronomy 1:28](../01/28.md). Alternate translation: “have walls so high it is like they reach up to the heavens” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
628	DEU	9	2	s1te	figs-explicit	sons of the Anakim	Descendants of the Anak people who were very large and fierce. See how you translated similar words in [Deuteronomy 1:28](../01/28.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
629	DEU	9	2	ar68	figs-rquestion	Who can stand before the sons of Anak?	This means that the sons of Anak were powerful and people were afraid of them. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “There is no one who can defend himself against the sons of Anak.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
630	DEU	9	3	ax4l	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
631	DEU	9	3	jgy6		today	Moses is speaking of the days and weeks beginning on that day, not of the time since the sun had last set.
632	DEU	9	3	aj58	figs-simile	like a devouring fire	Yahweh is powerful and able to destroy the armies of the other nations. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
633	DEU	9	3	neu7		subdue them before you	“make them weak so you can control them”
634	DEU	9	4	jp4r	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
635	DEU	9	4	xr9c	figs-metonymy	Do not say in your heart	Here “in your heart” means “in your thoughts.” Alternate translation: “Do not think to yourselves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
636	DEU	9	4	hm6e		has thrust them out	“has driven the other peoples out”
637	DEU	9	5	bb7i	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
638	DEU	9	5	r3iq	figs-idiom	the uprightness of your heart	This is an idiom. “because you always thought and desired the right things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
639	DEU	9	5	e9iz	figs-metonymy	so that he may make come true the word	Here the metonym “the word” refers to what God has promised. Alternate translation: “so that he may fulfill the promise” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
640	DEU	9	5	hb36		your ancestors, to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob	Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob are the “ancestors” of whom Moses is speaking.
641	DEU	9	6	hql8	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
642	DEU	9	7	rx7g	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
643	DEU	9	7	jiv9	figs-doublet	Remember and do not forget	Moses repeats the same command both positively and negatively to emphasize the importance of remembering. The command is plural. Alternate translation: “Be careful to remember” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
644	DEU	9	7	ze78	figs-you	how you provoked Yahweh	Here “you” refers to the Israelites that are present with Moses and also the Israelites of the previous generation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
645	DEU	9	7	ldb8	figs-you	you came to this place, you have been rebellious	These instances of “you” are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
646	DEU	9	7	kd2z		to this place	This refers to the Jordan River Valley.
647	DEU	9	8	rwk3	figs-you	you provoked … with you to destroy you	These instances of “you” are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
648	DEU	9	9	bu4r		General Information:	Moses is reminding the people of Israel what happened in the past.
649	DEU	9	9	icg8	figs-parallelism	the tablets of stone, the tablets of the covenant that Yahweh made with you	Here the second phrase clarifies that “the tablets of stone” are the ones on which God wrote the Ten Commandments. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
650	DEU	9	9	z7w7	translate-numbers	forty days and forty nights	“40 days and 40 nights” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
651	DEU	9	10	e2t6	figs-activepassive	on them was written everything just like all the words that Yahweh announced to you	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh wrote on them the same words he had said to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
652	DEU	9	10	cq6h		Yahweh announced … out of the middle of the fire	It was as if Yahweh were a person standing in the middle of a fire and speaking with a loud voice.
653	DEU	9	10	v46n	figs-abstractnouns	on the day of the assembly	The abstract noun “assembly” can be expressed as the verb “gather together.” Alternate translation: “on the day when you Israelites all came and met together in one place” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
654	DEU	9	11	a75b	translate-numbers	forty days and forty nights	“40 days and 40 nights” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
655	DEU	9	11	cq34	figs-parallelism	the two tablets of stone, the tablets of the covenant	The second phrase clarifies that “the two tablets of stone” are the ones on which God wrote the Ten Commandments. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
656	DEU	9	12	n8p5		your people … have corrupted themselves	“your people … are doing what is wrong.” See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:16](../04/16.md).
657	DEU	9	12	ce69	figs-metaphor	They have quickly turned aside out of the path that I commanded them	Moses speaks as if obeying God’s commands were walking along a path. Alternate translation: “They have already disobeyed my commands” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
658	DEU	9	14	lkr5		blot out their name from under heaven	“make their name disappear completely” or “kill them all so no one will ever remember them.” See how you translated a similar phrase in [Deuteronomy 7:24](../07/24.md).
659	DEU	9	15	d8yc		General Information:	Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what happened in the past.
660	DEU	9	16	j8rb		behold	The word “behold” here shows that Moses was surprised by what he saw.
661	DEU	9	16	ux9p	figs-explicit	molded for yourselves a calf	The Israelites of the earlier generation had asked Aaron to make a metal calf so they could worship it. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
662	DEU	9	16	bf75		You had quickly turned aside out of the path that Yahweh had commanded you	Moses speaks as if obeying God’s commands were walking along a path. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 9:12](../09/12.md). Alternate translation: “You had quickly disobeyed what Yahweh had commanded you”
663	DEU	9	17	r2ah		General Information:	Moses continues reminding the people of Israel about what happened in the past.
664	DEU	9	17	x4n5	figs-synecdoche	I broke them before your eyes	Here “your eyes” is a synecdoche for the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “I broke them right in front of you” or “I broke them where you could see them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
665	DEU	9	18	xf6d		lay facedown	“lay with my face on the ground.” This is a way of showing that Yahweh was great and Moses was not.
666	DEU	9	18	y3wm	translate-numbers	forty days and forty nights	“40 days and 40 nights” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
667	DEU	9	19	li9n		General Information:	Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what happened in the past.
668	DEU	9	19	vv3j		I was afraid of the anger and hot displeasure with which Yahweh was angry enough against you to destroy you	The words “anger and hot displeasure” are a metonym for what Yahweh would do because he was angry and displeased. Alternate translation: “Yahweh was angry at you—he was extremely displeased with you—he was angry enough to destroy you, and so I was afraid of what he would do”
669	DEU	9	21	n7ea		General Information:	Moses continues reminding the people of Israel about what happened in the past.
670	DEU	9	21	wf7q		I took … burned … beat … ground … threw	Moses probably commanded other men to do the actual work. Alternate translation: “I had people take … burn … beat … grind … throw”
671	DEU	9	21	hql7	figs-metonymy	your sin, the calf that you had made	Here the gold calf itself referred to as their “sin.” Alternate translation: “the calf, which you sinfully made” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
672	DEU	9	22	t271		General Information:	Moses continues to remind the people of Israel about what happened in the past.
673	DEU	9	22	n8jq	translate-names	Taberah … Massah … Kibroth Hattaavah	These are names of places that the people of Israel went through while they were in the wilderness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
674	DEU	9	23	xz23		Go up	They were on low land, and the land Yahweh had told them to take was in the hills, so they had to go uphill to get to it.
675	DEU	9	23	dxq9	figs-metonymy	rebelled against the commandment	The word “commandment” is a metonym for Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: “rebelled against Yahweh; you did not obey the commandment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
676	DEU	9	23	bfb9	figs-metonymy	listen to his voice	Here “his voice” means what God had said. Alternate translation: “obey what he said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
677	DEU	9	24	r243		from the day that I knew you	“from the time I began to lead you.” Some translations read “from the day that he knew you,” the day that Yahweh first knew them.
678	DEU	9	25	fq4v		General Information:	Moses continues reminding the people of Israel about what happened in the past.
679	DEU	9	25	tka1		lay facedown before Yahweh	“lay with my face on the ground.” See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 9:18](../09/18.md).
680	DEU	9	25	j7rs	translate-numbers	forty days and forty nights	“40 days and 40 nights” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
681	DEU	9	26	ki6v	figs-metaphor	you have redeemed	Moses speaks as if Yahweh had rescued the Israelites by paying money to free them from slavery. Alternate translation: “you have rescued” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
682	DEU	9	26	mct6	figs-metonymy	through your greatness	The word “greatness” is a metonym for Yahweh’s great power. Alternate translation: “through your great power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
683	DEU	9	26	ifw2	figs-metaphor	with a mighty hand	Here “a mighty hand” refers to Yahweh’s power. See how you translated similar words in [Deuteronomy 4:34](../04/34.md). Alternate translation: “with your mighty power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
684	DEU	9	27	liv5		General Information:	Moses continues praying to Yahweh so that he may not destroy the people of Israel.
685	DEU	9	27	hp8s	figs-idiom	Call to mind	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “Remember” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
686	DEU	9	28	cc26	figs-metonymy	so that the land from where you brought us	The words “the land” are a metonym for the people of Egypt. Alternate translation: “so that the people of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
687	DEU	9	28	pt4p		should say	“can say”
688	DEU	9	29	rw92	figs-doublet	by your great strength and by the display of your power	These phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize the greatness of Yahweh’s power that he used to rescue his people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
689	DEU	10	intro	ceg6			# Deuteronomy 10 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter is a continuation of the previous chapter.<br><br>This chapter focuses on retelling the great things Yahweh has done. It is a continuation of the material from the previous chapter. It is possible that this is a type of sermon or homily, where Moses is giving the people instructions.
690	DEU	10	1	y2d7		General Information:	Moses continues to remind the people of Israel about what happened in the past.
691	DEU	10	1	zf2r		At that time	“After I finished praying”
692	DEU	10	1	sa1t	figs-ellipsis	the first	This refers to the first set of tablets that Moses had broken. Alternate translation: “the tablets you had before” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
693	DEU	10	1	lyz6		the mountain	This refers to Mount Sinai.
694	DEU	10	3	v71i		General Information:	Moses continues to remind the people of Israel about what happened in the past.
695	DEU	10	3	wt9n	figs-ellipsis	the first	This refers to the first set of tablets that Moses had broken. Alternate translation: “the tablets I had before” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
696	DEU	10	3	u26k		went up the mountain	“went up Mount Sinai”
697	DEU	10	4	gjg7		out of the middle of the fire	It was as if Yahweh were a person standing in the middle of a fire and speaking with a loud voice. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 9:10](../09/10.md).
698	DEU	10	4	ax1a		on the day of the assembly	The abstract noun “assembly” can be expressed as the verb “gather together.” See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 9:10](../09/10.md). Alternate translation: “on the day when you Israelites all came and met together in one place”
699	DEU	10	5	wr6b		General Information:	Moses continues to remind the people of Israel about what happened in the past.
700	DEU	10	5	n7vn		I turned	Here “I” refers to Moses.
701	DEU	10	5	a3fq		came down from the mountain	“came down from Mount Sinai”
702	DEU	10	5	tia8		in the ark	“in the box” or “in the chest”
703	DEU	10	6	kwb8	writing-background	General Information:	The writer continues the short account of where the Israelites had traveled. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
704	DEU	10	6	f4iw	translate-names	Beeroth Bene Jaakan … Moserah	These are names of different places the people of Israel went through while in the wilderness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
705	DEU	10	6	qpt1		Beeroth Bene Jaakan	Translator may add a footnote: “The name ‘Beeroth Bene Jaakan’ means ‘the wells that belonged to the sons of Jaakan’ or ‘the wells that belonged to the people of Jaakan.’”
706	DEU	10	6	l2u3	figs-activepassive	there he was buried	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “that is where they buried him” or “the Israelites buried him there” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
707	DEU	10	6	pv97	translate-names	Eleazar	This is the name of Aaron’s son. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
708	DEU	10	7	rc19	writing-background	From there they journeyed … a land of streams of water	This continues the background information about where the people of Israel traveled. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
709	DEU	10	7	qs9a	translate-names	Gudgodah … Jotbathah	These are names of different places the people of Israel went through while in the wilderness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
710	DEU	10	8	pl1x	writing-background	General Information:	The writer begins to explain why the tribe of Levi has no inheritance in the land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
711	DEU	10	8	p84p	figs-idiom	to stand before Yahweh to serve him	This is an idiom. “to offer the sacrifices that Yahweh requires” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
712	DEU	10	8	dqs6	figs-metonymy	in his name	Here “name” refers to authority. Alternate translation: “as representatives of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
713	DEU	10	8	br5a		as today	“as they are doing today”
714	DEU	10	9	cy1j	writing-background		The writer finishes explaining why the tribe of Levi has no inheritance in the land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
715	DEU	10	9	u8bf	figs-explicit	no portion nor inheritance of land	The tribe of Levi did not receive a portion of the promised land when they arrived there. The full meaning of this statement may be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
716	DEU	10	9	v39n		Yahweh is his inheritance	Yahweh speaks of the special relationship that Aaron and his descendants will have with him as if Yahweh were something that they will inherit. Alternate translation: “Yahweh is what they will have” or “Yahweh will allow them to serve him and he will provide for them through that service”
717	DEU	10	9	knv8	figs-you	Yahweh your God	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word “your” here is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
718	DEU	10	9	z9a9		spoke to him	“spoke to the tribe of Levi”
719	DEU	10	10	hja2		General Information:	Moses resumes reminding the people of Israel about what happened in the past.
720	DEU	10	10	c3iz	translate-ordinal	as at the first time	“first” is the ordinal number for one. Here it refers to the first time Moses went up Mount Sinai to receive the stone tablets from Yahweh. “as I did the first time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
721	DEU	10	10	kq11	translate-numbers	forty days and forty nights	“40 days and 40 nights” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
722	DEU	10	10	n2kd	figs-you	destroy you	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word “you” here is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
723	DEU	10	11	ydj2		possess the land	“take the land” or “take possession of the land”
724	DEU	10	11	yxy1		their ancestors	This refers to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.
725	DEU	10	11	sre9		to give to them	“that I would give to you, their descendants”
726	DEU	10	12	wg8e	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
727	DEU	10	12	d3lk	figs-metonymy	Now, Israel	Here the metonym “Israel” refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “Now, people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
728	DEU	10	12	x2jw	figs-rquestion	what does Yahweh your God require of you, except to fear … with all your soul	Moses uses a question to teach the people of Israel. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Yahweh your God requires you to do no more than this: to fear … with all your soul.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
729	DEU	10	12	hd9p	figs-metaphor	to walk in all his ways	Moses speaks as if obeying Yahweh were walking on a path. Alternate translation: “to obey all his commands” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
730	DEU	10	12	l6ea	figs-metonymy	with all your heart and with all your soul	Here “heart” and “soul” are metonyms for a person’s inner being. These two phrases are used together to mean “completely” or “earnestly.” See how you translated these two phrases in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
731	DEU	10	13	ct9n	figs-rquestion	to keep the commandments … for your own good?	Moses uses a question to teach the people of Israel. This rhetorical question begins with the words “what does Yahweh your God require of you, except to fear … with all your soul” in verse 12. It can be translated as a statement. “Yahweh your God requires you to do no more than this: to fear … with all your soul, to keep the commandments … for your own good.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
732	DEU	10	14	kf71	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
733	DEU	10	14	m7ma		Behold, to	“Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important: to”
734	DEU	10	14	n5n6	figs-merism	heaven … earth	These words show two extremes, and are combined to mean that all things everywhere belong to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
735	DEU	10	14	ifm9		the heaven of heavens	This refers to the highest places in the heavens. Everything in the heavens belong to God.
736	DEU	10	15	swp3	figs-you	chose you	Here the word “you” refers to all the Israelites and is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
737	DEU	10	16	g7qt		Therefore	“Because of this”
738	DEU	10	16	f72x	figs-metaphor	circumcise the foreskin of your heart	The word “foreskin” refers to the fold of skin on a man’s private parts that is removed during circumcision. Here Moses is referring to a spiritual circumcision. This means the people must remove the sin from their lives. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
739	DEU	10	17	d6f4		God of gods	“the supreme God” or “the only true God”
740	DEU	10	17	z3d6		Lord of masters	“the supreme Lord” or “the greatest Lord”
741	DEU	10	17	b61i		the fearsome one	“the one who causes people to fear”
742	DEU	10	18	u19l		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
743	DEU	10	18	rsq9		He executes justice for the fatherless	“Yahweh makes sure that people treat the fatherless justly”
744	DEU	10	18	j7ma		fatherless	These are children whose parents have both died and do not have relatives to care for them.
745	DEU	10	18	c95p		widow	A true widow is a woman whose husband has died and has no children to care for her in her old age.
746	DEU	10	19	wt1s		Therefore	“Because of this”
747	DEU	10	20	ra84	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
748	DEU	10	20	m1qe		him will you worship	“he is the one you must worship”
749	DEU	10	20	zn42	figs-metaphor	To him you must cling	To have a good relationship with Yahweh and to completely rely on him is spoken of as if the person were clinging to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “You must rely on him” or “He is the one you must rely on” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
750	DEU	10	20	t17w	figs-metonymy	by his name will you swear	To swear by the name of Yahweh means to make Yahweh the basis or the power on which the oath is made. Here “name” represents Yahweh himself. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Deuteronomy 6:13](../06/13.md). Alternate translation: “you will swear and ask Yahweh to confirm it” or “when you swear you will speak his name” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
751	DEU	10	21	d1ih	figs-synecdoche	which your eyes have seen	Here “eyes” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “which you yourselves have seen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
752	DEU	10	21	ltw9		He is your praise	This could mean: (1) “He is the one you must praise” or (2) “It is because you worship him that other peoples will praise you”
753	DEU	10	22	es8i	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel as if they are one man, so “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
754	DEU	10	22	p41a		went down into Egypt	“traveled south to Egypt” or “went to Egypt”
755	DEU	10	22	ap9n	translate-numbers	seventy persons	“70 persons” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
756	DEU	10	22	hh5t	figs-simile	as many as the stars of the heavens	This emphasizes the large number of Israelites that were with Moses. Alternate translation: “more than you can count” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
757	DEU	11	intro	ifg3			# Deuteronomy 11 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>### Therefore<br>This chapter begins with the word “therefore,” which looks back to the instructions Moses gave in the previous two chapters.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Eyewitnesses<br>The instruction that Moses gives and the retelling of the great things Yahweh has done for Israel are very important. This is because the generation entering into the Promised Land did not witness many of these events. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/testimony]])<br><br>### Covenant<br>This chapter is included in the covenant God made with Moses, even though it is not explicitly said. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
758	DEU	11	1	sgh5		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
759	DEU	11	1	e1ef		always keep	“always obey”
760	DEU	11	2	s2x1		who have not known nor have they seen	“who have not experienced”
761	DEU	11	2	vs5p	figs-metaphor	his mighty hand, or his outstretched arm	Here “mighty hand” and “outstretched arm” are metaphors for Yahweh’s power. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:34](../04/34.md). Alternate translation: “or his mighty power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
762	DEU	11	3	b9xu		in the midst of Egypt	“in Egypt”
763	DEU	11	3	ss4y	figs-metonymy	to all his land	Here “land” represents the people. Alternate translation: “to all his people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
764	DEU	11	4	hk2q		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the adult Israelites who were old enough to see what God did in Egypt.
765	DEU	11	4	put1		Neither did they see what he did	“Neither did your children see what Yahweh did”
766	DEU	11	4	py3h		the army of Egypt	“the Egyptian soldiers”
767	DEU	11	4	f5e5		they pursued after you	Here “you” means the Israelites who were alive about 40 years earlier.
768	DEU	11	5	xr7g		to this place	This means the plain of the Jordan River Valley where Moses is speaking to them before they cross over into Canaan.
769	DEU	11	6	c93d		General Information:	Moses continues to remind the adults to teach their children God’s mighty deeds.
770	DEU	11	6	krb7	figs-explicit	Dathan and Abiram, the sons of Eliab	Moses is referring to an event in the past when Dathan and Abiram rebelled against Moses and Aaron. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
771	DEU	11	6	i1yg	translate-names	Dathan … Abiram … Eliab	These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
772	DEU	11	6	c61u		son of Reuben	“descendant of Reuben”
773	DEU	11	6	b3l3	figs-personification	earth opened its mouth and swallowed them up	Yahweh causing the land to split open so that the people fell in is spoken of as if the land had a mouth and the ability to swallow people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
774	DEU	11	6	gy9p		every living thing that followed them	This refers to their servants and animals.
775	DEU	11	6	vi6h		in the middle of all Israel	This means all the people of Israel witnessed what happened to Dathan, Abiram, their families, and their possessions.
776	DEU	11	7	z5cl	figs-synecdoche	But your eyes have seen	Here “eyes” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “But you have seen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
777	DEU	11	8	in5y		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
778	DEU	11	8	b5ga		possess the land	“take the land”
779	DEU	11	8	z7fm		where you are going over to possess it	The phrase “are going over” is used because the people of Israel will have to cross the Jordan River to enter into Canaan.
780	DEU	11	9	h376	figs-metaphor	prolong your days	Long days are a metaphor for a long life. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:26](../04/26.md). Alternate translation: “be able to live a long time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
781	DEU	11	9	gfv3	figs-idiom	a land flowing with milk and honey	This is an idiom. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 6:3](../06/03.md). Alternate translation: “a land where plenty of milk and honey flow” or “a land that is excellent for cattle and farming” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
782	DEU	11	10	nbu8	figs-metonymy	watered it with your foot	This could mean: (1) “foot” is a metonym that represents the hard work of walking to carry water to the fields. Alternate translation: “worked hard to water it” or (2) they would use their feet to turn a water wheel that supplied water to the fields. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
783	DEU	11	10	kfl7		garden of herbs	“vegetable garden” or “garden of vegetables”
784	DEU	11	11	wn5t	figs-personification	drinks water of the rain of the heavens	The land receiving and absorbing a lot of rain is spoken of as if the land were drinking the water. Alternate translation: “the rain from the sky gives it plenty of water” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
785	DEU	11	12	a1x8	figs-metonymy	the eyes of Yahweh your God are always upon it	Here “eyes” represents attention and care. Alternate translation: “Yahweh your God is always watching over it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
786	DEU	11	12	sxh3	figs-merism	from the beginning of the year to the end of the year	Here the two extremes “beginning” and “end” are used together to mean the entire year. Alternate translation: “continuously throughout the entire year” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
787	DEU	11	13	l1bu		It will happen, if	This means that what Yahweh promises will happen if the Israelites obey his commands.
788	DEU	11	13	r5mf		that I command	Here “I” refers to Moses.
789	DEU	11	13	tfk6	figs-idiom	with all your heart and with all your soul	The idiom “with all your heart” means “completely” and “with … soul” means “with all your being.” These two phrases have similar meanings. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md). Alternate translation: “with all your being” or “with all your energy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
790	DEU	11	14	y9qx		I will give the rain of your land in its season	“I will cause it to rain on your land in the proper season”
791	DEU	11	14	b1z3		I will give	Here “I” refers to Yahweh. This can be stated in the third person. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will give” or “He will give”
792	DEU	11	14	w91t		the former rain and the latter rain	This refers to rain at the beginning of the sowing season and rain for maturing the crops for harvest. Alternate translation: “the autumn rain and spring rain” or “the rain in the right seasons”
793	DEU	11	16	vz1g		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
794	DEU	11	16	j2pw		Pay attention to yourselves	“Be careful” or “Beware”
795	DEU	11	16	f3wj	figs-metonymy	so that your heart is not deceived	Here “heart” represents a person’s desires or thoughts. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so that your desires do not deceive you” or “so that you do not deceive yourself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
796	DEU	11	16	a9sp	figs-metaphor	you turn aside and worship other gods	Rejecting Yahweh and worshiping other gods is spoken of as if the person would physically turn and go in a different direction away from Yahweh. Alternate translation: “you start worshiping other gods” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
797	DEU	11	17	zgj8	figs-metaphor	so that the anger of Yahweh is not kindled against you	God becoming angry is spoken of as if it were a fire that were starting. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so that Yahweh does not become angry with you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
798	DEU	11	17	a2a4	figs-metaphor	so that he does not shut up the heavens so that there will be no rain, and the land will not yield its fruit	God causing no rain to fall from the sky is spoken of as if he were closing the sky. Alternate translation: “so that he does not cause the rain to stop falling from the sky so that crops will not grow in the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
799	DEU	11	18	q8ih	figs-metaphor	lay up these words of mine in your heart and soul	A person always thinking about and considering what Moses commands is spoken of as if the heart and soul were a container and Moses’s words were the content to fill the container. Alternate translation: “be very careful to remember these words that I am saying to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
800	DEU	11	18	h8da		these words of mine	“these commands that I have given you”
801	DEU	11	18	i4pl	figs-metonymy	your heart and soul	Here “heart” and “soul” represent a person’s mind or thoughts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
802	DEU	11	18	qb2s	figs-metonymy	bind them	“tie these words.” This is a metonym that represents a person writing the words on a parchment, putting the parchment in a pouch, and tying the pouch. This metonymy in turn may be a metaphor meaning the people must be careful to obey Moses’s commands. See how you translated similar phrases in [Deuteronomy 6:8](../06/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
803	DEU	11	18	y3rx		as a sign on your hand	“as something to make you remember my laws”
804	DEU	11	18	gj3r	figs-metonymy	let them be as frontlets between your eyes	“let my words be as frontlets between your eyes.” This is a metonym that represents a person writing Moses’ words on parchement, putting the parchement in a pouch, and tying the pouch so it sits between his eyes. This metonymy in turn may be a metaphor that means the person must be careful to obey all of Moses’ commands. See how you translated similar phrases in [Deuteronomy 6:8](../06/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
805	DEU	11	18	d4s2		frontlets	ornaments a person wears on the forehead
806	DEU	11	19	yv8n	figs-merism	when you sit in your house, when you walk on the road, when you lie down, and when you get up	Using the different places “in your house” and “on the road,” and the opposites “when you lie down” and “get up,” represent anywhere, anytime. The people of Israel were to discuss God’s commandments and teach them to their children anytime and anywhere. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
807	DEU	11	20	d44d		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
808	DEU	11	20	f5zw		You will write them on the doorposts of your house and on your city gates	See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 6:9](../06/09.md).
809	DEU	11	21	s3fj	figs-activepassive	that your days and the days of your children may be multiplied	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that Yahweh may cause you and your children to live a long time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
810	DEU	11	21	pi2p		to your ancestors	This refers to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.
811	DEU	11	21	kg7q	figs-simile	to give them for as long as the heavens are above the earth	This compares how long the people could stay in the land to how long the sky will exist above the earth. This is a way of saying “forever.” Alternate translation: “to give them as a possession forever” or “to allow them to live there forever” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
812	DEU	11	22	qq4s		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
813	DEU	11	22	q3vs		For if you diligently keep all these commandments that I am commanding you, so as to do them	“For if you are careful to do everything that I have commanded you”
814	DEU	11	22	bh45	figs-metaphor	walk in all his ways	How Yahweh wants a person to live and behave is spoken of as if they are Yahweh’s ways or roads. A person obeying Yahweh is spoken of as if he were walking on Yahweh’s ways or roads. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
815	DEU	11	22	e7rk	figs-metaphor	to cling to him	To have a good relationship with Yahweh and to completely rely on him is spoken of as if the person were clinging to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “to rely on him” or “to have a good relationship with him” Look at how similar words are translated in [Deuteronomy 10:20](../10/20.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
816	DEU	11	23	zr2c	figs-metonymy	all these nations from before you, and you will dispossess nations	Here “nations” represent the people groups already living in Canaan. Alternate translation: “all of these people groups from before you, and you will take the land from people groups” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
817	DEU	11	23	u315		larger and mightier than yourselves	Although Israel’s army is smaller and weaker than the people groups living in Canaan, Yahweh will enable the people of Israel to defeat them.
818	DEU	11	24	v5q1		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
819	DEU	11	24	x2pi	figs-synecdoche	Every place where the sole of your foot will tread	Here “the sole of your foot” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “Every place you go” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
820	DEU	11	24	u891		from the river, the Euphrates River	“from the Euphrates River”
821	DEU	11	25	imb9		No man will be able to stand before you	The phrase “stand before you” is an idiom. Alternate translation: “No one will be able to stop you” or “No one will be able to oppose you”
822	DEU	11	25	zn8i	figs-metaphor	Yahweh your God will lay the fear of you and the terror of you upon all the land that you tread on	Yahweh causing the people to be very afraid is spoken of as if fear and terror were an object that he will place on the people. Alternate translation: “Yahweh your God will cause the people in every place you go to be very afraid of you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
823	DEU	11	25	r396	figs-doublet	the fear of you and the terror of you	The words “fear” and “terror” mean the same thing and emphasize the intensity of fear. Alternate translation: “a terrible fear of you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
824	DEU	11	25	w58w	figs-metonymy	upon all the land that you tread on	Here “the land” is a metonym for all the people in the land. Alternate translation: “upon all the people in every place you go” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
825	DEU	11	26	l2v1		General Information:	Here Moses summarizes the two options the people of Israel could choose. They could choose to obey and receive God’s blessing or they could choose to disobey and receive God’s punishment.
826	DEU	11	26	tc5k		Look	“Pay attention”
827	DEU	11	26	d2d5	figs-metaphor	I set before you today a blessing and a curse	Allowing the people to choose whether they want God to bless them or curse them is spoken of as if a blessing and a curse were objects that Moses is setting in front of them. Alternate translation: “Today you must choose whether God will bless you or curse you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
828	DEU	11	27	lzg6	figs-abstractnouns	the blessing, if you obey	The abstract noun “blessing” can be translated with a verb. Alternate translation: “God will bless you if you obey” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
829	DEU	11	28	ei5p	figs-metaphor	but turn aside from the way that I command you today, to go after other gods	The commands of Yahweh that Moses is telling the people are spoken of as if they were God’s way or road. To not obey God’s commands is spoken of as if people physically were to turn in another direction away from Yahweh to follow other gods. Alternate translation: “but stop obeying what I command you today, in order to worship other gods” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
830	DEU	11	28	u5cq		other gods that you have not known	This refers to the gods that other people groups worship. The Israelites know Yahweh because he has revealed himself to them and they have experienced his power.
831	DEU	11	29	m6sp		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
832	DEU	11	29	zsz3	figs-metaphor	you will set the blessing on Mount Gerizim, and the curse on Mount Ebal	The blessing and the curse are spoken of as if they were objects that someone will set on the mountains. Alternate translation: “some of you must stand on top of Mount Gerazim and proclaim what will cause Yahweh to bless you, and the others must stand on top of Mount Ebal and proclaim what will cause Yahweh to curse you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
833	DEU	11	29	t5wj	translate-names	Mount Gerizim … Mount Ebal	These are names of mountains on the west side of the Jordan River. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
834	DEU	11	30	k2bv	figs-rquestion	Are they not beyond the Jordan … Moreh?	The Israelites are on the eastern side of the Jordan River. Moses uses a question to remind the people where these mountains are located. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “As you know, they are beyond the Jordan … Moreh.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
835	DEU	11	30	b5qt		beyond the Jordan	“on the west side of the Jordan River”
836	DEU	11	30	pgr7		west of the western road	“in the west”
837	DEU	11	30	rq9c	translate-names	over against Gilgal	“near Gilgal” This may not be the same place as the city near Jericho. Moses may be referring to a place that is near Shechem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
838	DEU	11	30	l23v	translate-names	oaks of Moreh	These are sacred trees near Gilgal. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
839	DEU	11	31	ke82		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
840	DEU	11	32	k55e		all the statutes and the decrees	These are the statutes and decrees Moses will give in Deuteronomy 12-26.
841	DEU	11	32	h7se		I set before you today	This does not mean these are new. Moses is reviewing the same statutes and decrees that he gave 40 years earlier.
842	DEU	11	32	jh1q	figs-metaphor	I set before you	God’s statutes and decrees, which Moses is telling the people, are spoken of as if they were objects that Moses is setting before the people. Alternate translation: “I am giving to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
843	DEU	12	intro	mt76			# Deuteronomy 12 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Covenant with Moses<br><br>This chapter is a continuation of the covenant Yahweh made with Moses. The reasons for these food restrictions are not always known.(See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br><br>### Israel and Yahweh<br><br>In the ancient Near East, when nations conquered other nations, they often added the gods of the conquered nation into their collection of gods they worshiped. It was rare to worship only one God. Israel was to be known for worshiping Yahweh and Yahweh alone. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]])
844	DEU	12	1	dsl2		General Information:	Moses is still talking to the people of Israel.
845	DEU	12	1	pm4g		you will keep	“you must obey”
846	DEU	12	1	bb6r	figs-idiom	all the days that you live on the earth	The phrase “live on the earth” is an idiom that means as long as a person lives. Alternate translation: “for as long as you live” (See:[[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
847	DEU	12	2	vl2v		You will surely destroy	“You must destroy”
848	DEU	12	2	hx1l	figs-metonymy	the nations that you will dispossess	Here “nations” represents the people groups that live in Canaan. Alternate translation: “the people groups whose land you will take” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
849	DEU	12	3	v1nf		General Information:	Moses is still talking to the people of Israel.
850	DEU	12	3	ucw6		You must break down their altars	“you must pull apart the altars of those nations” or “you must destroy the altars of those nations”
851	DEU	12	3	ra63		dash in pieces	“break into pieces” or “shatter”
852	DEU	12	3	cj66	figs-metonymy	destroy their name	Here “their name” represents “the memory of them.” Alternate translation: “destroy them so completely that no one will remember them” or “destroy anything that represents these false gods” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
853	DEU	12	3	axu8		that place	This refers to each place where the nations worshiped their gods.
854	DEU	12	4	c44f		You will not worship Yahweh your God like that	“You should not worship Yahweh your God like those nations worshiped their gods”
855	DEU	12	5	h2cm	figs-metonymy	the place that Yahweh your God will choose out of all your tribes to put his name	Here “his name” refers to God himself. Yahweh will choose one location where he will live and people will come to worship him there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
856	DEU	12	5	x9cv		it is there that you will go	They will go to worship where God decides.
857	DEU	12	6	g357	figs-synecdoche	the offerings presented by your hand	Here “hand” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “the offerings that you present” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
858	DEU	12	6	cdg4		your offerings for vows, your freewill offerings	“your offerings to fulfill a vow, your voluntary offerings.” These are types of offerings.
859	DEU	12	6	n2pg		the firstborn of your herds and flocks	God requires that the people give him every firstborn male of their livestock.
860	DEU	12	7	tvl1		It is there	This refers to the place that Yahweh will choose for the children of Israel to worship.
861	DEU	12	7	a9rd	figs-synecdoche	rejoice about everything that you have put your hand to	Here “put your hand to” represents the whole person and work that he has done. Alternate translation: “rejoice about all the work you have done” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
862	DEU	12	8	jea6		You will not do all the things that we are doing here today	“You will not do as we are doing here today.” This means that they would worship in the promised land differently than the way they were worshiping at that moment.
863	DEU	12	8	qri6	figs-metaphor	now everyone is doing whatever is right in his own eyes	The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “everyone is doing what he considers to be right” or “now everyone is doing what he judges to be right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
864	DEU	12	9	b2t6	figs-abstractnouns	to the rest	The abstract noun “the rest” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “to the land where you will rest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
865	DEU	12	9	d8re	figs-metaphor	to the inheritance that Yahweh your God is giving you	The land that God is giving to the people of Israel is spoken of as if it were a possession that a father leaves as an inheritance for his children. Alternate translation: “to the land that Yahweh your God is giving to you as a permanent possession” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
866	DEU	12	10	fj6s		live in the land	This refers to the land of Canaan.
867	DEU	12	10	p9tv	figs-metaphor	in the land that Yahweh your God is causing you to inherit	God giving the land of Canaan to the people of Israel is spoken of as if he were a father giving an inheritance to his children. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
868	DEU	12	10	d8yv		he will give you rest from all your enemies round about	“he will give you peace from all your enemies around you”
869	DEU	12	11	v237	figs-synecdoche	the offerings presented by your hand	Here “hand” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “the offerings that you present” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
870	DEU	12	11	qts6		all your choice offerings for vows	“all your voluntary offerings to fulfill vows”
871	DEU	12	12	x3cu		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
872	DEU	12	12	h8ry		rejoice before Yahweh	“rejoice in the presence of Yahweh”
873	DEU	12	12	m7is	figs-synecdoche	the Levites who are within your gate	Here “gates” is a reference to the city itself. Alternate translation: “the Levites who live inside your city” or “the Levites living with you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
874	DEU	12	12	d42i	figs-metaphor	because he has no portion or inheritance among you	The fact that Yahweh would not give any of the land to the Levites is spoken of as if a father were not giving them an inheritance. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
875	DEU	12	12	b6hq	figs-metonymy	he has no portion	Here “he” refers to Levi. Levi represents all of his descendants. Alternate translation: “they have no portion” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
876	DEU	12	13	em7g		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
877	DEU	12	13	q449		Pay attention to yourself	“Be careful”
878	DEU	12	13	drj5		every place that you see	“any place that pleases you” or “wherever you want”
879	DEU	12	14	h4by		but it is at the place that Yahweh will choose	The burnt offerings are to be made at the tabernacle. Yahweh himself would choose where the tabernacle would be located.
880	DEU	12	15	kks6	figs-explicit	However, you may kill and eat animals within all your gates	The people could only kill animals as sacrifices in the place that Yahweh would choose. They could kill animals for food anywhere they wanted. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
881	DEU	12	15	lje2	figs-synecdoche	within all your gates	Here “gates” represents the whole city. Alternate translation: “inside your city” or “at your homes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
882	DEU	12	15	pen3	figs-metaphor	the unclean … persons	A person who is not acceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
883	DEU	12	15	y3f4	figs-metaphor	the clean persons	A person who is acceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
884	DEU	12	15	u3a5	translate-unknown	the gazelle and the deer	These are wild animals with long thin legs that can run quickly. Alternate translation: “the antelope and the deer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
885	DEU	12	16	fvd4	figs-explicit	But you will not eat the blood	The blood represents life and God did not allow the people to eat the blood along with the meat. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
886	DEU	12	17	x27w		General Information:	Moses describes to the people all the special offerings and sacrifices that are to be made at the tabernacle.
887	DEU	12	17	di9l	figs-synecdoche	within your gates	Here “gates” represents the whole city. Alternate translation: “inside your city” or “at your homes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
888	DEU	12	17	aau9	figs-synecdoche	nor that of the offering you present with your hand	Here “hand” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “nor that of any offering which you bring to Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
889	DEU	12	18	nia1		General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
890	DEU	12	18	cbh7		you will eat them	“you will eat your offerings”
891	DEU	12	18	eev4		before Yahweh	“in the presence of Yahweh
892	DEU	12	18	u63z	figs-synecdoche	the Levite who is within your gates	Here “gate” represents the whole city Alternate translation: “any Levite who lives inside your city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
893	DEU	12	18	icp1	figs-synecdoche	everything to which you put your hand	Here “put your hand to” represents the whole person and work that he has done. Alternate translation: “rejoice about all the work you have done” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
894	DEU	12	19	z7fg		Pay attention to yourself	“Be careful”
895	DEU	12	19	tz4c	figs-doublenegatives	that you do not forsake	This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “that you take good care of” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
896	DEU	12	20	h1vp		enlarges your borders	“enlarges your territory” or “gives you even more land”
897	DEU	12	20	j573	figs-quotesinquotes	you say, ‘I will eat flesh,’ because of your desire to eat meat	This is a quotation within a quotation. This direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “and you decide that you want to eat meat” (See:[[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
898	DEU	12	20	fee8	figs-synecdoche	as your soul desires	Here “soul” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “as you want” or “as you crave” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
899	DEU	12	21	t8nl		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
900	DEU	12	21	q6z1	figs-metonymy	chooses to put his name	Here “name” refers to God himself. Yahweh would choose a place where he will live and the people will come to worship him. Alternate translation: “chooses to dwell” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
901	DEU	12	21	e7g3	figs-synecdoche	within your gates	Here “gates” represents the whole city.” Alternate translation: “inside your city” or “within your community” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
902	DEU	12	21	asm3	figs-synecdoche	as your soul desires	Here “soul” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “as you desire” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
903	DEU	12	22	kw43	figs-activepassive	Like the gazelle and the deer are eaten	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “Just like you eat the gazelle and the deer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
904	DEU	12	22	qhx1		gazelle and the deer	These are wild animals with long thin legs that can run quickly. See how you translated these in [Deuteronomy 12:15](../12/15.md).
905	DEU	12	22	sff5	figs-metaphor	the unclean … persons	A person who is not acceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
906	DEU	12	22	y8v4	figs-metaphor	the clean persons	A person who is acceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
907	DEU	12	23	msu5	figs-metaphor	the blood is the life	Here the way that blood sustains life is spoken of as if the blood were life itself. Alternate translation: “the blood sustains life” or “the blood causes animals and people to live” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
908	DEU	12	23	vr63	figs-metonymy	you will not eat the life with the meat	The word “life” here represents the blood that sustains life. Alternate translation: “You will not eat what sustains life with the meat” or “you will not eat the blood, which sustains life, with the meat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
909	DEU	12	25	l199	figs-metaphor	what is right in the eyes of Yahweh	The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “what is right in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
910	DEU	12	27	wp19	figs-activepassive	the blood of your sacrifices will be poured out	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the priest will pour out the blood of the sacrifice” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
911	DEU	12	27	tf6l	figs-explicit	you will eat the flesh	God’s law specifies which parts of the animal are for the burnt offering, which parts are for the priest and which parts are for the offerer to eat. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “you will eat some of the meat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
912	DEU	12	28	j39e		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
913	DEU	12	28	gnj3		Observe and listen to all these words that I command you	“Carefully listen to and obey everything that I am commanding you”
914	DEU	12	28	zga7	figs-synecdoche	that it may go well with you and with your children after you	Here “children” means all of their descendants. Alternate translation: “that you and your descendants may prosper” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
915	DEU	12	28	y6tl	figs-doublet	when you do what is good and right	The words “good” and “right” have similar meanings and emphasize the importance of right behavior. Alternate translation: “when you do what is right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
916	DEU	12	28	ti37	figs-metaphor	what is good and right in the eyes of Yahweh	The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “what is good and right in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be good and right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
917	DEU	12	29	csu7	figs-metaphor	cuts off the nations	Yahweh destroying the people groups in Canaan is spoken of as if he were cutting them off, as one would cut a piece of cloth or cut a branch from a tree. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
918	DEU	12	29	fzv1	figs-metonymy	the nations	Here “nations” represents the people living in Canaan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
919	DEU	12	29	c22b		when you go in to dispossess them, and you dispossess them	“when you take everything from them”
920	DEU	12	30	m6t9		pay attention to yourself	“be careful”
921	DEU	12	30	n455	figs-metaphor	that you are not trapped into following them … trapped into investigating their gods, into asking	A person learning about and worshiping other gods is spoken of as if they are caught in a hunter’s trap. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that you do not act like them … that you do try to learn about their gods, asking” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
922	DEU	12	30	w8wj	figs-metaphor	not trapped into following them	The Israelites worshiping idols as the people groups of Canaan worship idols is spoken of as if the Israelites were following behind the other people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
923	DEU	12	30	j6jf	figs-activepassive	after they are destroyed from before you	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “after Yahweh destroys them before you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
924	DEU	12	30	rz9c	figs-quotesinquotes	into asking, ‘How do these nations worship their gods? I will do the same.’	This is a quotation within a quotation. A direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “into asking about how those people groups worship their gods so that you can do the same.” (See:[[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
925	DEU	12	32	zxp6		Do not add to it or take away from it	They are not to create more laws nor are they to ignore laws that God has given them.
926	DEU	13	intro	e2ze			# Deuteronomy 13 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Worshiping other gods<br><br>The people were required to listen to Yahweh’s prophets unless they were encouraging the people to worship other gods. The punishment for anyone leading the people to worship other gods was death. These instructions were to keep Israel’s worship of Yahweh pure. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/purify]])
927	DEU	13	1	z8ea		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
928	DEU	13	1	ei8s		If there arises among you	“If there appears among you” or “If someone among you claims to be”
929	DEU	13	1	d2pw		a dreamer of dreams	This is someone who receives messages from God through dreams.
930	DEU	13	1	ml5c	figs-doublet	a sign or a wonder	These two words have similar meanings and refer to various miracles. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
931	DEU	13	2	b259		comes about	“takes place” or “happens”
932	DEU	13	2	nj6u	figs-quotations	of which he spoke to you and said, ‘Let us go after other gods, that you have not known, and let us worship them,’	This can be translated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “and he tells you to serve and worship other gods which you have not known,” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
933	DEU	13	2	nsf6	figs-metaphor	Let us go after other gods	Worshiping other gods is spoken of as if they were going after or following other gods. Alternate translation: “Let us follow other gods” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
934	DEU	13	2	mcy5		go after other gods, that you have not known	The phrase “gods, that you have not known” refers to the gods that other people groups worship. The Israelites know Yahweh because he has revealed himself to them and they have experienced his power.
935	DEU	13	3	z2lg		do not listen to the words of that prophet, or to that dreamer of dreams	“do not listen to what that prophet say nor to what the dreamer of dreams says”
936	DEU	13	3	fp72	figs-metonymy	with all your heart and with all your soul	Here “heart” and “soul” are metonyms for a person’s inner being. These two phrases are used together to mean “completely” or “earnestly.” See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
937	DEU	13	4	gw9x	figs-metaphor	You will walk after Yahweh your God	Obeying and worshiping Yahweh is spoken of as if the people were walking after or following Yahweh. Alternate translation: “You will obey Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
938	DEU	13	4	s4p9	figs-metonymy	obey his voice	Here “voice” represents what Yahweh says. Alternate translation: “obey what he says” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
939	DEU	13	4	ugl8	figs-metaphor	cling to him	To have a good relationship with Yahweh and to completely rely on him is spoken of as if the person were clinging to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “rely on him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
940	DEU	13	5	d5ix	figs-activepassive	will be put to death	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must kill” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
941	DEU	13	5	h1yd	figs-abstractnouns	he has spoken rebellion	The abstract noun “rebellion” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “he has tried to make you rebel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
942	DEU	13	5	ttf1	figs-metaphor	who redeemed you out of the house of bondage	Yahweh rescuing the people of Israel from being slaves in Egypt is spoken of as if Yahweh paid money to redeem his people out of slavery. Alternate translation: “who rescued you out of the place where you were slaves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
943	DEU	13	5	z5ns	figs-metonymy	the house of bondage	Here “house of bondage” represents Egypt where the people of Yahweh had been slaves. Alternate translation: “Egypt where you were slaves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
944	DEU	13	5	tbl6	figs-metaphor	draw you out of the way in which Yahweh your God commanded you to walk	How God wants a person to live or behave is spoken of as if it were a way or road on which God wants his people to walk. A person trying to cause someone else to stop obeying God is spoken of as if the person were trying to get the other person to stop walking on God’s way or road. Alternate translation: “make you disobey what Yahweh your God commanded” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
945	DEU	13	5	nf2b	figs-nominaladj	So put away the evil from among you	Here “the evil” refers to the evil person or the evil behavior. This nominal adjective can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “So you must remove from among the people of Israel the person who does this evil thing” or “So you must kill this evil person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
946	DEU	13	6	g89u		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
947	DEU	13	6	ync7	figs-idiom	wife of your bosom	A bosom is a person’s chest. This is a idiom that he holds close to his chest, which means he loves and cherishes her. Alternate translation: “wife you love” or “wife you dearly embrace” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
948	DEU	13	6	qme9	figs-metonymy	friend who is to you like your own soul	Here “soul” represents the person’s life. This means the person cares for his friend as much as he cares for his own life. Alternate translation: “your dearest friend” or “a friend you love as much as you love yourself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
949	DEU	13	7	rbz2	figs-quotations	any of the gods of the peoples … other end of the earth.’	This is the end of a quotation within a quotation that begins with the words “secretly entices you and says, ‘Let us go and worship … neither you nor your ancestors—” in verse 6. It can be translated as an indirect quotation. “secretly entices you and says that you should go and worship … neither you nor your ancestors—any of the gods of the peoples … other end of the earth.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
950	DEU	13	7	g6lt		that are round about you	“that are around you”
951	DEU	13	7	g5tj	figs-merism	from the one end of the earth to the other end of the earth	Here the reference to the two extremes of the earth means “everywhere on earth.” Alternate translation: “throughout the entire earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
952	DEU	13	8	g9gf		You must not give in to him	“Do not agree to what he wants”
953	DEU	13	8	rg47	figs-synecdoche	you must not permit your eye to pity him	Here “your eye” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “you msut not look at him with pity” or “you must not show him mercy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
954	DEU	13	8	k3lz		you must not spare him or conceal him	“you must not show him mercy or hide from others what he has done”
955	DEU	13	9	akr4	figs-synecdoche	your hand will be the first on him to put him to death	This means that he was to throw the first stone at the guilty person. The word “hand” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “you must be the first to strike him to kill him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
956	DEU	13	9	vu5l	figs-synecdoche	the hand of all the people	Here “hand” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “the other people will join you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
957	DEU	13	10	nt8a	figs-metaphor	he has tried to draw you away from Yahweh	“to turn you away from Yahweh.” A person trying to cause someone else to stop obeying Yahweh is spoken of as if the person were trying to cause someone to physically turn around and leave Yahweh. Alternate translation: “he has tried to make you disobey Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
958	DEU	13	10	cdm1	figs-metonymy	out of the house of bondage	Here “house of bondage” represents Egypt where the people of Yahweh had been slaves. Alternate translation: “out from the place where you were slaves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
959	DEU	13	11	ns29	figs-explicit	All Israel will hear and fear	It is implied that when the people hear about the person who was executed, they will be afraid to act like he did. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
960	DEU	13	12	j637		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
961	DEU	13	13	di92		Some wicked fellows have gone out from among you	The phrase “from among you” means that these wicked men were Israelites who lived in their communities.
962	DEU	13	13	tq34	figs-quotations	have drawn away the inhabitants of their city and said, ‘Let us go and worship other gods that you have not known.’	This can be translated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “have persuaded those who live in their city to go and worship other gods that they have not known.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
963	DEU	13	13	wb69	figs-metaphor	have drawn away the inhabitants of their city	A person causing someone else to stop obeying Yahweh is spoken of as if the person has caused the other person to physically turn and leave Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
964	DEU	13	14	mc5u	figs-doublet	examine the evidence, make search, and investigate it thoroughly	All of these phrases mean basically the same thing. Moses is emphasizing that they must carefully find out what truly happened at the city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
965	DEU	13	14	jbu3	figs-activepassive	that such an abominable thing has been done among you	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that the people of the city have done such a terrible thing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
966	DEU	13	15	bq2m	figs-synecdoche	with the edge of the sword	Here “edge” represents the whole sword. Alternate translation: “with your swords” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
967	DEU	13	16	nsc2		all the spoil	“all the plunder.” This refers to the possessions and treasures that an army collects after winning a battle.
968	DEU	13	16	cj8w		heap of ruins	“pile of ruins”
969	DEU	13	16	t2u6	figs-activepassive	it must never be built again	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “no one must ever rebuild the city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
970	DEU	13	17	qe75	figs-metaphor	None of those things set apart for destruction must stick in your hand	Yahweh cursing something and promising to destroy it is spoken of as if Yahweh were setting the object apart from other things. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must not keep any of the things God has commanded you to destroy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
971	DEU	13	17	brm9	figs-idiom	must stick in your hand	This is a way of saying a person keeps something. Alternate translation: “must you keep” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
972	DEU	13	17	d934	figs-metaphor	Yahweh will turn from the fierceness of his anger	Yahweh no longer being angry is spoken of as his anger were an object and Yahweh physically turns away from it. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will stop being angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
973	DEU	13	17	vyv7		to your fathers	Here “fathers” means ancestors or forefathers.
974	DEU	13	18	zgj9	figs-metonymy	you are listening to the voice of Yahweh	Here “voice” represents what Yahweh says. Alternate translation: “you are obeying what Yahweh says” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
975	DEU	13	18	gjk4	figs-metaphor	that which is right in the eyes of Yahweh your God	The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “that which is right in Yahweh’s judgment” or “that which Yahweh your God considers to be right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
976	DEU	14	intro	epl7			# Deuteronomy 14 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Law of Moses<br>This chapter is part of the law of Moses, which is part of the covenant Yahweh made with Moses. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])<br><br>### Clean animals<br>There are animals which the law considered to be clean and unclean. The people were not allowed to eat the unclean animals. Scholars are uncertain about the reasons for the animals to be considered to be clean or unclean. The result of these food restrictions was a nation that was different than the nations surrounding it. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]])
977	DEU	14	1	yca2		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
978	DEU	14	1	c6vr		You are the people	All occurrences of “you” refer to the people of Israel. Moses was included as a part of the people. Alternate translation: “We are the people”
979	DEU	14	1	qkn4	translate-symaction	Do not cut yourselves, nor shave any part of your face for the dead	These were ways the people groups living in Canaan showed that they were grieving over people who had died. Moses is telling the people of Israel not to act like them. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
980	DEU	14	1	mp18		nor shave any part of your face	“nor shave the front of your head”
981	DEU	14	2	qr9z		you are a nation … has chosen you	All occurrences of “you” refer to the people of Israel. Moses was included as a part of the people. Alternate translation: “we are a nation … has chosen us”
982	DEU	14	2	ksd5		For you are a nation … surface of the earth	See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 7:6](../07/06.md).
983	DEU	14	2	l42y	figs-metaphor	you are a nation that is set apart to Yahweh your God	Yahweh choosing the people of Israel to belong to him in a special way is spoken of as if Yahweh set them apart from all other nations. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh your God has set you apart from other nations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
984	DEU	14	2	z5bl	figs-parallelism	Yahweh has chosen you to be a people for his own possession	This means basically the same thing as the first part of the sentence. They both mean that the people of Israel belong to Yahweh in a special way. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
985	DEU	14	2	nyn7		a people for his own possession	“a people for his treasured possession” or “his people”
986	DEU	14	2	twf5		more than all peoples that are on the surface of the earth	“out of all the people groups in the world”
987	DEU	14	3	p2a3		You must not eat any abominable thing	The people of Israel were not supposed to eat anything that God said was unfit for eating.
988	DEU	14	5	pui3		the deer, the gazelle, the roebuck	These are all types of deer. If your language does not have a word for each animal it can be translated as “all kinds of deer.”
989	DEU	14	5	gg4e		the gazelle	This is wild animal with long thin legs that can run quickly. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 12:15](../12/15.md).
990	DEU	14	5	jxa4	translate-unknown	the roebuck	a type of deer (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
991	DEU	14	5	nud7		ibex, and the antelope	Both of these are types of antelope. If your language does not have a word for each animal it can be translated as “all kinds of antelope.”
992	DEU	14	5	byk8	translate-unknown	ibex	a type of antelope (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
993	DEU	14	6	tr2g		that parts the hoof	“that have split hooves.” This is a hoof that is split into two parts instead of being one whole.
994	DEU	14	6	wwj1		chews the cud	This means the animal brings its food up from its stomach and chews it again.
995	DEU	14	7	t8p3	translate-unknown	rabbit	This is a small animal with long ears that usually lives in holes in the ground. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
996	DEU	14	7	t6es	translate-unknown	rock badger	This is a small animal that lives in rocky places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
997	DEU	14	7	c17f	figs-metaphor	they are unclean to you	Something Yahweh says is unfit for his people to eat is spoken of as if it were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
998	DEU	14	8	v9dk	figs-metaphor	The pig is unclean to you	Something Yahweh says is unfit for his people to eat is spoken of as if it were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
999	DEU	14	9	xv7h		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
1000	DEU	14	9	w8p6		Of these things that are in water you may eat	“You may eat these kinds of animals that live in the water”
1001	DEU	14	9	j2pb		fins	the thin, flat part which the fish uses to move through the water
1002	DEU	14	9	r9ak		scales	the small plates that cover the body of the fish
1003	DEU	14	10	eh5w	figs-metaphor	they are unclean to you	Something Yahweh says is unfit for his people to eat is spoken of as if it were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1004	DEU	14	11	w535	figs-metaphor	All clean birds	An animal that God says is fit for his people to eat is spoken of as if the animal were physically clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1005	DEU	14	12	fqa4	translate-unknown	eagle … vulture … osprey	These are birds that are either awake at night or feed on small animals and dead animals. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1006	DEU	14	13	d7v7	translate-unknown	red kite … black kite … falcon	These are birds that are either awake at night or feed on small animals and dead animals. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1007	DEU	14	14	n72w	translate-unknown	raven	A bird that either is awake at night or feeds on small animals and dead animals. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1008	DEU	14	17	z53d	translate-unknown	cormorant	A bird that is either awake at night or feeds on small animals and dead animals. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1009	DEU	14	18	h1j8	translate-unknown	stork … heron, the hoopoe	These are types of birds that eat small animals and lizards. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1010	DEU	14	18	r1s4		the bat	animal with wings and furry body which is awake mainly at night and eats insects and rodents
1011	DEU	14	19	jr8q		All winged, swarming things	This means all flying insects that move in large groups.
1012	DEU	14	19	inc1	figs-metaphor	are unclean to you	Animals that God says are unfit for his people to eat are spoken of as if the animals are physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1013	DEU	14	19	x6ti	figs-activepassive	they must not be eaten	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must not eat them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1014	DEU	14	20	kx6u	figs-metaphor	all clean flying things	Animals that God says are fit for his people to eat are spoken of as if the animals are physically clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1015	DEU	14	21	h6ny		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
1016	DEU	14	21	jv9x		anything that dies of itself	This means an animal that dies a natural death.
1017	DEU	14	21	z8y9	figs-metaphor	For you are a nation that is set apart to Yahweh your God	Yahweh choosing the people of Israel to belong to him in a special way is spoken of as if Yahweh set them apart from all other nations. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “For Yahweh your God has set you apart from other nations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1018	DEU	14	22	exv5		tithe all the yield of your seed	This means they are to give one part out of every ten equal parts from their crops.
1019	DEU	14	22	q611		year after year	“every year”
1020	DEU	14	23	n5kz		before Yahweh	“in the presence of Yahweh”
1021	DEU	14	24	zu5k		carry it	Here “it” refers to the tithe of crops and livestock.
1022	DEU	14	25	gn1x		you will convert the offering into money	“you will sell your offering for money”
1023	DEU	14	25	q4rb		tie up the money in your hand, and go	“put the money in a bag and take it with you”
1024	DEU	14	26	m22p		for whatever you desire	“for whatever you want”
1025	DEU	14	26	qi5i		before Yahweh	“in the presence of Yahweh”
1026	DEU	14	27	kt4y	figs-doublenegatives	do not forsake him	This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “make sure to give some of your tithe to the Levite” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
1027	DEU	14	27	wll4	figs-explicit	for he has no portion nor inheritance with you	The tribe of Levi did not receive a portion of land as their inheritance. Their share of the inheritance was the honor of serving Yahweh as his priests. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1028	DEU	14	27	lpl1	figs-metaphor	no portion nor inheritance with you	God not giving land to the Levites is spoken of as if he were not giving them an inheritance. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1029	DEU	14	28	v3cb	translate-numbers	every three years you will present all the tithe of your produce	Once every 3 years the Israelites were to store their tithes within their own towns so that it would be used to provide for the Levites, orphans, widows and foreigners. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1030	DEU	14	28	nf4w	figs-synecdoche	within your gates	Here “gates” represents the entire city or town. Alternate translation: “inside your city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1031	DEU	14	29	mju1	figs-metaphor	because he has no portion nor inheritance with you	God not giving any land to the Levites is spoken of as if he were not giving them an inheritance. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1032	DEU	14	29	qi4c		fatherless	These are children whose parents have both died and do not have relatives to care for them.
1033	DEU	14	29	v7bc		widow	This is a woman whose husband has died and has no children to care for her in her old age.
1034	DEU	14	29	zfp5	figs-synecdoche	in all the work of your hand that you do	Here “hand” represents the whole person. This refers to the work that someone does. Alternate translation: “in all the work you do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1035	DEU	15	intro	n3mh			# Deuteronomy 15 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Forgiveness of Debt<br>This chapter gives instructions about the necessity to regularly forgive debt among their fellow countryman. This prevented people from being trapped by their poverty.<br><br>### Justice<br>As Yahweh’s chosen nation, there must be justice in Israel. This chapter gives commands that encouraged justice by protecting the poor, servants and slaves. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/elect]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]])
1036	DEU	15	1	s315		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
1037	DEU	15	1	my7z	translate-numbers	seven years	“7 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1038	DEU	15	1	ym2l		you must cancel debts	“forgive every thing which people still owe you”
1039	DEU	15	2	u4xx		This is the manner of the release	“This is how to cancel the debts”
1040	DEU	15	2	wti8		creditor	a person who lends money to other people
1041	DEU	15	2	y5dj	figs-doublet	his neighbor or his brother	The words “neighbor” and “brother” share similar meanings and emphasize the close relationship that they have with their fellow Israelites. Alternate translation: “his fellow Israelite” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
1042	DEU	15	2	l5im	figs-activepassive	because Yahweh’s cancellation of debts has been proclaimed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “because Yahweh has required that you cancel debts” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1043	DEU	15	3	xv49	figs-idiom	your hand must release	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “you must not demand it back” or “you must not require repayment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1044	DEU	15	4	cxl8	figs-nominaladj	no poor	The nominal adjective “poor” can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “no poor people” or “no one who is poor” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
1045	DEU	15	4	t3us		the land that he gives	This refers to the land of Canaan.
1046	DEU	15	4	hsd1	figs-metaphor	he gives you as an inheritance to possess	The land that Yahweh is giving to his people is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that Yahweh is giving them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1047	DEU	15	5	x28x	figs-metonymy	if only you diligently listen to the voice of Yahweh your God	Here the metonym “voice of Yahweh” refers to what Yahweh himself says. Alternate translation: “if only you are careful to obey what Yahweh your God says” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1048	DEU	15	6	f39v	figs-ellipsis	you will lend … you will not borrow	The word “money” is understood. You can make the full meaning of this statement clear. Alternate translation: “you will lend money … you will not borrow money” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
1049	DEU	15	6	p426	figs-metonymy	to many nations … over many nations	Here “nations” represents the people. Alternate translation: “to the people of many nations … over the people of many nations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1050	DEU	15	6	p9hi	figs-parallelism	you will rule over many nations, but they will not rule over you	Here “rule over” means to be financially superior. This means basically the same thing as the previous part of the sentence. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1051	DEU	15	7	e7tf		If there is a poor man	Here “man” means a person in general. Alternate translation: “If there is a poor person”
1052	DEU	15	7	yi5v		one of your brothers	“one of your fellow Israelites”
1053	DEU	15	7	cw85	figs-synecdoche	within any of your gates	Here “gates” represents the entire city or town. Alternate translation: “within any of your towns” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1054	DEU	15	7	s1y1	figs-metaphor	you must not harden your heart	Being stubborn is spoken of as if the person hardened their heart. Alternate translation: “you must not be stubborn” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1055	DEU	15	7	y4ak	figs-metaphor	nor shut your hand from your poor brother	A person who refuses to provide for a poor person is spoken of as if he were shutting his hand so that the poor person cannot get anything from him. Alternate translation: “nor refuse to help your fellow Israelite who is poor” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1056	DEU	15	8	x1h1	figs-metaphor	but you must surely open your hand to him	A person who helps a poor person is spoken of as if he were opening his hand to him. Alternate translation: “but you must surely help him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1057	DEU	15	9	s6u9	figs-metonymy	not to have a wicked thought in your heart, saying	Here “heart” represents a person’s mind. Alternate translation: “not to think a wicked thought” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1058	DEU	15	9	fc71	figs-explicit	The seventh year, the year of release, is near	It is implied that because the year of release will happen soon, the person thinking this will be reluctant to help a poor person since it is likely that the poor person will not have to pay him back. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1059	DEU	15	9	x9aa	translate-ordinal	The seventh year	The word “seventh” is the ordinal number for seven. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
1060	DEU	15	9	fm5t		the year of release	“the year to cancel debts”
1061	DEU	15	9	k5ex	figs-metaphor	is near	Something that will happen soon is spoken of as if it were physically near. Alternate translation: “will happen soon” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1062	DEU	15	9	n5bx		so that you will not be stingy in regard to your poor brother and give him nothing	“so that you are not stubborn and refuse to give anything to your fellow Israelite”
1063	DEU	15	9	ia9s		cry out to Yahweh	“shout to Yahweh for help”
1064	DEU	15	9	qs88		it would be sin for you	“Yahweh will consider what you have done to be sinful”
1065	DEU	15	10	r7sr	figs-synecdoche	your heart must not be sorry	Here “heart” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “you should not regret it” or “you should be happy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
1066	DEU	15	10	ew7n	figs-synecdoche	in all that you put your hand to	Here “put your hand to” represents the whole person and work that he has done. Alternate translation: “in all that you do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1067	DEU	15	11	yhm6	figs-doublenegatives	For the poor will never cease to exist in the land	This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “For there will always be poor people in the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
1068	DEU	15	11	tq3p	figs-nominaladj	For the poor	The nominal adjective “the poor” can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “For poor people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
1069	DEU	15	11	vi74	figs-quotesinquotes	I command you and say, ‘You must surely open your hand … in your land.’	This has a quotation within a quotation. A direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “I command you to open your hand … in your land” (See:[[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
1070	DEU	15	11	l4vm	figs-metaphor	open your hand to your brother, to your needy, and to your poor	A person who is willing to help someone else is spoken of as if his hand were open. Alternate translation: “help your fellow Israelite, those who are needy, and those who are poor” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1071	DEU	15	11	v4zq	figs-doublet	your brother, to your needy, and to your poor	The words “needy” and “poor” mean basically the same thing and emphasize that these are people who cannot help themselves. Alternate translation: “help your fellow Israelites who cannot help themselves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
1072	DEU	15	12	g1va		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
1073	DEU	15	12	s6rs	figs-gendernotations	If your brother	Here “brother” means an Israelite in general, whether a male or female. Alternate translation: “If a fellow Israelite” or “If a fellow Hebrew” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
1074	DEU	15	12	s9n7	figs-activepassive	is sold to you	If a person could not repay their debts, they sometimes sold themselves into slavery to pay what they owed. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “sell themselves to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1075	DEU	15	12	xs42	translate-numbers	six years	“6 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1076	DEU	15	12	m72h	translate-ordinal	seventh year	“year 7.” This “seventh” is the ordinal number for seven. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
1077	DEU	15	13	f4yl	figs-metaphor	you must not let him go empty-handed	A person who has no possessions to provide for himself or his family is spoken of as if his hands were empty. Alternate translation: “you must not let him leave without having anything to provide for himself and his family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1078	DEU	15	14	t5ik		liberally provide for him	“generously give to him”
1079	DEU	15	15	hx9p	figs-you	remember that you were a slave	Here “you” includes their ancestors that were slaves for many years. Alternate translation: “remember that your people were once slaves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1080	DEU	15	15	r2nh	figs-metaphor	that Yahweh your God redeemed you	Yahweh rescuing the people of Israel from being slaves in Egypt is spoken of as if Yahweh paid money to redeem his people from slavery. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1081	DEU	15	16	dd3q	figs-quotesinquotes	if he says to you, ‘I will not go away from you,’	This has a quotation within a quotation. A direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “if he says to you that he will not go away from you,” (See:[[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
1082	DEU	15	16	g927	figs-metonymy	your house	Here “house” represents the person’s family. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1083	DEU	15	17	dml6		then you must take an awl and thrust it through his ear to a door	“then you will place his head near a wooden door frame in your house, and then put the point of the awl through his earlobe into the wood”
1084	DEU	15	17	b9kr	translate-unknown	awl	a sharp, pointed tool used to make a hole (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1085	DEU	15	17	re8m		for life	“until the end of his life” or “until he dies”
1086	DEU	15	18	in4n	figs-litotes	It must not seem difficult for you to let him go free from you	This means that they are not resent it when they let someone go free. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Be pleased when you let him go free” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
1087	DEU	15	18	s7d6		given twice the value of a hired person	This means the owner only had to pay have the amount for this slave to work than he would for a person he hired to do a job.
1088	DEU	15	18	xdz6		a hired person	This is a person who works for pay.
1089	DEU	15	19	fl68		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
1090	DEU	15	19	f3xu		shear	to cut off wool or hair
1091	DEU	15	20	c1pf		before Yahweh	“in the presence of Yahweh”
1092	DEU	15	20	w1lv		year by year	“each year” or “every year”
1093	DEU	15	21	t6e5		lame	crippled or physically disabled
1094	DEU	15	22	qx8i	figs-synecdoche	within your gates	Here “gates” represents the city or town. Alternate translation: “within your community” or “inside your city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1095	DEU	15	22	rqw8	figs-metaphor	the unclean … persons	A person who is not acceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1096	DEU	15	22	b1cn	figs-metaphor	the clean persons	A person who is acceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1097	DEU	15	22	lxt5		a gazelle or a deer	These are wild animals with long thin legs that can run quickly. See how you translated these in [Deuteronomy 12:15](../12/15.md).
1098	DEU	15	23	bw7p		you must not eat its blood	“you must not consume its blood.” Yahweh did not allow Israelites to consume blood because the blood represented life ([Deuteronomy 12:23](../12/23.md)).
1099	DEU	16	intro	fgs7			# Deuteronomy 16 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Festivals<br><br>This chapter retells the specific commands about how to celebrate the Passover. This recalled the Passover in Egypt, which was an important event in the formation of the nation of Israel. There are several other important festivals described in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/passover]])<br><br>### Life in Israel<br><br>As Yahweh’s chosen nation, there must be justice in Israel. Also, Yahweh must be the only God in Israel. He alone is to be worshiped. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/elect]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]])
1100	DEU	16	1	v2as		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
1101	DEU	16	1	q8mq	translate-hebrewmonths	month of Aviv	This is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. It marks when God brought the people of Israel out of Egypt. It is during the last part of March and the first part April on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1102	DEU	16	1	l33g	figs-explicit	keep the Passover	It is implied by “keep the Passover” that they would celebrate and eat the Passover meal. Alternate translation: “celebrate the Passover meal” or “eat the Passover meal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1103	DEU	16	2	f3xc	figs-metonymy	You will sacrifice the Passover	Here “Passover” represents the animal that is sacrificed for the Passover celebration. Alternate translation: For the Passover you will offer a sacrifice” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1104	DEU	16	3	fgj8		with it	Here “it” refers to the animal they will sacrifice and eat.
1105	DEU	16	3	du99	translate-numbers	seven days	“7 days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1106	DEU	16	3	m6rj	figs-explicit	the bread of affliction	This was the name of the unleavened bread. The full meaning can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “this bread will remind you of how much you suffered while in Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1107	DEU	16	3	df5u	figs-explicit	out of the land of Egypt in haste	The people had to leave Egypt so quickly that they did not have enough time to make bread with yeast in it. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “out of the land of Egypt in such hurry you did not have time to make bread with yeast in it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1108	DEU	16	3	zi9r		Do this all the days of your life	“Do this as long as you live”
1109	DEU	16	3	k8n3	figs-idiom	call to mind	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “remember” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1110	DEU	16	4	jvu8	figs-activepassive	No yeast must be seen among you	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must not have any yeast among you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1111	DEU	16	4	t1u8		within all your borders	“inside all your territory” or “in all your land”
1112	DEU	16	4	uc3u	translate-ordinal	first day	This “first” is the ordinal number for one. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
1113	DEU	16	5	s93m	figs-metonymy	You may not sacrifice the Passover	Here “Passover” represents the animal that will be sacrificed. Alternate translation: “For the Passover you may not sacrifice the animal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1114	DEU	16	5	x2av	figs-synecdoche	within any of your city gates	Here “gates” represents the cities or towns. Alternate translation: “within any of your towns” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1115	DEU	16	6	u7ep		at the going down of the sun	“at sunset”
1116	DEU	16	7	f6n3		You must roast it	“You must cook it”
1117	DEU	16	8	pjy1	translate-numbers	six days	“6 days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1118	DEU	16	8	sj92	translate-ordinal	seventh day	“seventh” is the ordinal number for seven. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
1119	DEU	16	8	xq7m		solemn assembly	“special gathering”
1120	DEU	16	9	mq43		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
1121	DEU	16	9	y8w1	translate-numbers	count seven weeks	“count 7 weeks” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1122	DEU	16	9	bxy9	figs-idiom	from the time you begin to put the sickle to the standing grain	The phrase “put the sickle to the standing grain” is a way of referring to the beginning of harvest time. Alternate translation: “from the time that you begin harvesting the grain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1123	DEU	16	9	w3cl	translate-unknown	sickle	a tool with a curved blade used for cutting grass, grain, and vines (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1124	DEU	16	10	pjc9	figs-synecdoche	with the contribution of a freewill offering from your hand that you will give	Here “hand” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “and you will give your free will offering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1125	DEU	16	10	n1v1		according as Yahweh your God has blessed you	“according to the harvest which Yahweh your God has given you” This means that the people will base how much they offer on how much they harvested that year.
1126	DEU	16	11	vju9	figs-genericnoun	your son, your daughter, your male servant, your female servant, the Levite	These do not refer to a specific person. It means these types of people in general. Alternate translation: “your sons, your daughters, your male servants, your females servants, any Levite” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
1127	DEU	16	11	h2jm	figs-synecdoche	within your city gates	Here “gates” represents cities or towns. Alternate translation: “within your towns” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1128	DEU	16	11	g2r8	figs-genericnoun	the foreigner, the fatherless, and the widow	This refers to these types of people in general. Alternate translation: “all foreigners, orphans, and widows” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
1129	DEU	16	11	kg4w		fatherless	These are children whose parents have both died and do not have relatives to care for them.
1130	DEU	16	11	i5b3		widow	This means a woman whose husband has died and has no children to care for her in her old age.
1131	DEU	16	12	ku33	figs-idiom	call to mind	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “remember” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1132	DEU	16	13	fy5u		Festival of Shelters	Other names for this festival are “Feast of Tabernacles,” “Festival of Booths,” and “Feast of the Ingathering.” During harvest time, farmers would set up temporary shelters in the field. This festival took place after the last harvest of the year.
1133	DEU	16	13	s5xw	translate-numbers	seven days	“7 days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1134	DEU	16	14	uv5f	figs-synecdoche	within your gates	Here the word “gates” represents cities or towns. Alternate translation: “within your towns” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1135	DEU	16	15	ec92		the festival	“the Festival of Shelters”
1136	DEU	16	15	c3hy	figs-synecdoche	all the work of your hands	Here “hands” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “all the work you do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1137	DEU	16	16	g2xh		all your males must appear before Yahweh	Females were allowed, but Yahweh did not require that they come. The men could represent their whole families.
1138	DEU	16	16	cxc2		must appear before Yahweh	“must come and stand in the presence of Yahweh”
1139	DEU	16	16	pku8	figs-litotes	No one will appear before Yahweh empty-handed	“They will not come before Yahweh without an offering” These two negative phrases together have a positive meaning. Alternate translation: “Every person who comes before Yahweh must bring an offering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
1140	DEU	16	18	g2as		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
1141	DEU	16	18	dc3d		You must make judges	“You must appoint judges” or “You must choose judges”
1142	DEU	16	18	vxu2	figs-synecdoche	within all your city gates	Here “gates” represents a city or town. Alternate translation: “within all your towns” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1143	DEU	16	18	we4m	figs-activepassive	they will be taken	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you will choose them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1144	DEU	16	18	reh9		judge the people with righteous judgment	“judge the people fairly”
1145	DEU	16	19	c8iq	figs-metaphor	You must not take justice away by force	Moses speaks of justice as if it were a physical object that a strong person can violently pull away from a weak person. This can be stated in positive form. Your language might have one word that means “use force to take away.” Alternate translation: “You must not be unfair when you judge” or “You must make just decisions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
1146	DEU	16	19	lqn9	figs-you	You must not	Here “You” refers to those who will be appointed as judges and officers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1147	DEU	16	19	f47g	figs-metaphor	for a bribe blinds the eyes of the wise and perverts the words of the righteous	Taking a bribe is spoken of as if the bribe were corrupting the people. Alternate translation: “for even a wise man who accepts a bribe will become blind, and even a righteous man who accepts a bribe will tell lies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1148	DEU	16	19	mk49	figs-metaphor	a bribe blinds the eyes of the wise	A wise person who accepts a bribe so that he does not speak against something evil is spoken of as if he becomes blind. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1149	DEU	16	19	pu4g	figs-nominaladj	the wise	The nominal adjective “the wise” can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “a wise person” or “wise people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
1150	DEU	16	19	m8gc	figs-nominaladj	perverts the words of the righteous	The nominal adjective “righteous” can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “causes a righteous person to lie” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
1151	DEU	16	20	xm5v	figs-metaphor	follow after justice, after justice alone	justice is spoken of as a person who is walking. A person who is doing what is fair and just is spoken of as if he was following close behindjustice. Alternate translation: “do only what is fair” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1152	DEU	16	20	b78e	figs-metaphor	inherit the land that Yahweh your God is giving you	Receiving the land that God is giving to the people is spoken of as if the people are inheriting the land from God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1153	DEU	16	21	ec3t	figs-you	You must not	Here “You” refers to all the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1154	DEU	16	22	mw2w	figs-distinguish	any sacred stone pillar, which Yahweh your God hates	The phrase “which Yahweh your God hates” is giving more information about the sacred stone pillar. Alternate translation: “any sacred stone pillar because Yahweh your God hates them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]])
1155	DEU	16	22	s7sn		sacred stone pillar	This refers to pillars that are idols used to worship false gods.
1156	DEU	17	intro	a3z4			# Deuteronomy 17 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Witnesses<br>In the ancient Near East, it was common for a person to be punished by the testimony of a single person, especially if this was an important person. The rules in this chapter give protection to people, especially the poor by requiring multiple witnesses. This allowed justice to be done. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/testimony]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]])<br><br>### King<br>Israel was not to have a king because Yahweh was their king. Knowing the sinfulness of the people, Yahweh anticipated that one day Israel would have a king. Therefore, this passage gives commands about their king prophetically. They were not allowed to collect chariots because they were a sign of earthly power and the king was to trust in Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sign]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1157	DEU	17	1	a78k		General Information:	Moses is still speaking to the people of Israel.
1158	DEU	17	1	d6zp		in which is any blemish	“that has a blemish” or “that has something wrong with it.” The animal is to appear healthy without any deformity.
1159	DEU	17	1	y292		that would be an abomination to Yahweh	“that would be disgusting to Yahweh”
1160	DEU	17	2	ljz8	figs-activepassive	If there is found	This may be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “If you find someone” or “If there is anyone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1161	DEU	17	2	liy9	figs-synecdoche	within any of your city gates	Here “city gates” represents cities or towns. Alternate translation: “living in one of your cities” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1162	DEU	17	2	f7d1	figs-metonymy	what is evil in the sight of Yahweh your God	The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: “something that Yahweh your God thinks is evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1163	DEU	17	2	yhj2		transgresses his covenant	“disobeys his covenant”
1164	DEU	17	4	pz4e	figs-activepassive	if you are told about this	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “if someone tells you about this disobedient act” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1165	DEU	17	4	fqc1	figs-abstractnouns	you must make a careful investigation	The abstract noun “investigation” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “you must carefully investigate what happened” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1166	DEU	17	4	b585	figs-activepassive	such an abomination has been done in Israel	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “someone has done such a horrible thing in Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1167	DEU	17	6	rul7	figs-metonymy	At the mouth of two witnesses, or three witnesses, will he who must die be put to death	Here “the mouth” represents the testimony of a witness. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “If two or three witnesses speak against the person, then you must execute him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1168	DEU	17	6	d4v8	figs-metonymy	but at the mouth of only one witness he must not be put to death	Here “the mouth” represents the testimony of a witness. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “but if only one person speaks against him, then you must not execute him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1169	DEU	17	7	zj7l	figs-synecdoche	The hand of the witnesses must be the first to put him to death, and afterward the hand of all the people	Here “hand” represents the entire group of witnesses. Alternate translation: “The witnesses themselves must be the first ones to throw stones. Then all the people will execute the person by throwing stones at him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1170	DEU	17	7	c151	figs-nominaladj	you will remove the evil from among you	The nominal adjective “the evil” can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “you must remove from among the Israelites this person who does this evil thing” or “you must execute this evil person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
1171	DEU	17	8	q5bw		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
1172	DEU	17	8	j7yz		If a matter arises	“If there is a matter” or “If there is a situation”
1173	DEU	17	8	ahf5		one person’s right and another person’s right	A “right” is a person’s legal authority to do something or to possess something.
1174	DEU	17	9	i57n	figs-abstractnouns	you will seek their advice	The abstract noun “advice” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “you will ask them to advise you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1175	DEU	17	9	xe5f	figs-abstractnouns	they will give you the verdict	The abstract noun “verdict” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “they will decide on the matter” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1176	DEU	17	11	n3uq	figs-metaphor	Follow the law they teach you	A person obeying what the priests and judge decide is spoken of as if the person were physically following behind the law. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must obey what the judge and priests decide about the matter” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1177	DEU	17	11	a1r9	figs-metaphor	Do not turn aside from what they tell you, to the right hand or to the left	A person not doing exactly what the judge and priests say is spoken of as if he were turning off the correct path. This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “Do not disobey anything they tell you” or “Do everything they say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1178	DEU	17	12	l4fz		in not listening to the priest … or in not listening to the judge	“and does not obey the priest … or does not obey the judge”
1179	DEU	17	12	u7c6	figs-nominaladj	you will put away the evil from Israel	The nominal adjective “the evil” can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “you must remove from among the Israelites the person who does this evil thing” or “you must execute this evil person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
1180	DEU	17	13	xm49	figs-explicit	All the people must hear and fear, and act arrogantly no more	It is implied that when the people hear about the person who was executed for acting arrogantly, they will be afraid and not act arrogantly themselves. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1181	DEU	17	14	t6n8		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
1182	DEU	17	14	wkl6	figs-go	When you have come to the land	The word “come to” can be translated as “gone to” or “entered.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]])
1183	DEU	17	14	x3gq	figs-quotesinquotes	then you say, ‘I will set a king over myself, like all the nations that are round about me,’	This has a quotation within a quotation. A direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “then you decide that you want a king just like the peoples of the nations that surround you have kings,” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
1184	DEU	17	14	n7ly	figs-pronouns	I will set a king over myself … round about me	Moses has the people speaking as if they were one person. It may be more natural to translate this with plural pronouns. Alternate translation: “We will set over ourselves … round about us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
1185	DEU	17	14	gm2m	figs-metaphor	set a king over myself	Giving someone the authority to rule as king in Israel is spoken of as if the people were setting the person in a place above them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1186	DEU	17	14	c8nt		all the nations that are round about me	“all the surrounding nations”
1187	DEU	17	14	ie3y	figs-metonymy	all the nations	Here “nations” represent the people who live in the nations. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1188	DEU	17	15	x8fl		someone from among your brothers	“one of your fellow Israelites”
1189	DEU	17	15	q7px	figs-doublet	a foreigner, who is not your brother, over yourself	Both of these phrases mean the same thing. They both refer to a person who is not an Israelite. Yahweh is emphasizing that the people of Israel should not let a foreigner rule over them. Alternate translation: “a foreigner over yourself” or “a non-Israelite over yourself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
1190	DEU	17	16	pr1w	figs-quotesinquotes	for Yahweh had said to you, ‘You will never return that way again.’	This has a quotation within a quotation. A direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “for Yahweh had said that you must never return to Egypt again.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
1191	DEU	17	17	zj8g	figs-synecdoche	so that his heart does not turn away	Here “heart” refers to the whole person. An Israelite king who marries foreign wives and starts to worship their false gods is spoken of as if his heart were to turn away from Yahweh. Alternate translation: “so that they do not cause him to stop honoring Yahweh and start worshiping false gods” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1192	DEU	17	18	tt3z	figs-metonymy	When he sits on the throne of his kingdom	Here “throne” represents the person’s power and authority as king. To sit on the throne means to become king. Alternate translation: “When he becomes king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1193	DEU	17	18	h6x6		he must write for himself in a scroll a copy of this law	This could mean: (1) “he must personally write in a scroll a copy of this law for himself” or (2) “he must appoint someone to write in a scroll a copy of this law for him”
1194	DEU	17	18	xh2p		from the law that is before the priests, who are Levites	“from the copy of the law that the Levitical priests keep”
1195	DEU	17	19	f877	figs-parallelism	so as to keep all the words of this law and these statutes, to observe them	These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that the king must obey all of God’s law. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1196	DEU	17	20	b7e5	figs-synecdoche	so that his heart is not lifted up above his brothers	Here “his heart” refers to the whole person. A king becoming arrogant is spoken of as if his heart were lifted up. Alternate translation: “so that he does not become arrogant” or “so that he does not think he is better than his fellow Israelites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1197	DEU	17	20	idm3	figs-metaphor	so that he does not turn away from the commandments, to the right hand or to the left	A king disobeying God’s commands is spoken of as if a person were to turn off the correct path. This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “so that he does not disobey any of the commandments” or “so that he obeys all of the commandments” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
1198	DEU	17	20	sa87	figs-metaphor	prolong his days	Long days is a metaphor for a long life. See how you translated a similar phrase “prolong your days” in [Deuteronomy 4:26](../04/26.md). Alternate translation: “be able to live a long time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1199	DEU	18	intro	u6pf			# Deuteronomy 18 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Levites<br>As Yahweh’s chosen priests, the priest were to trust in Yahweh to provide for them. He provided for them through the rest of the Israelites. Yahweh was their inheritance. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/elect]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]])<br><br>### Messiah<br>This chapter is one of the first prophecies about the promised, coming Messiah. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]])
1200	DEU	18	1	ztw1		General Information:	Moses continues telling the people what Yahweh wants them to do.
1201	DEU	18	1	u386	figs-metaphor	will have no portion nor inheritance with Israel	The Levites not receiving any land from Yahweh is spoken of as if they would not receive an inheritance. Alternate translation: “will not possess any of the people’s land” or “will not receive any of the land that the Israelites will possess” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1202	DEU	18	1	z6rx		no portion	“no part” or “no share”
1203	DEU	18	2	h6ef		among their brothers	“among the other tribes of Israel” or “among the other Israelites”
1204	DEU	18	2	pd8k	figs-metaphor	Yahweh is their inheritance	Moses speaks of the great honor that Aaron and his descendants will have by serving Yahweh as priests as if Yahweh were something that they will inherit. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Deuteronomy 10:9](../10/09.md). Alternate translation: “instead, they will have Yahweh” or “instead, Yahweh will allow them to serve him and he will provide for them through that service” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1205	DEU	18	3	bn85		the inner parts	This is the stomach and intestines.
1206	DEU	18	4	g5u8		you must give him	“you must give to the priest”
1207	DEU	18	5	py8r	figs-metonymy	has chosen him	Here “him” represents all the Levites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1208	DEU	18	5	g5j5	figs-metonymy	to stand to serve in the name of Yahweh	Here “the name of Yahweh” stands for Yahweh himself and his authority. Alternate translation: “to be his special servants” or “to serve as a representative of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1209	DEU	18	5	ep9k	figs-synecdoche	him and his sons forever	Here “him” represents all the Levites. Alternate translation: “the Levites and their descendants forever” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1210	DEU	18	6	we5s	figs-idiom	desires with all his soul	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “strongly desires” or “really wants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1211	DEU	18	7	p9jv	figs-metonymy	then he must serve in the name of Yahweh his God	Here “name” represents Yahweh and his authority. Alternate translation: “then he must serve Yahweh his God as a priest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1212	DEU	18	7	a94d		who stand there before Yahweh	“who serve in the sanctuary in the presence of Yahweh”
1213	DEU	18	8	c8rp		his family’s inheritance	This is what the priest would inherit from his father.
1214	DEU	18	9	gvb6	figs-go	When you have come	Here “come” can be translated as “gone” or “entered.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]])
1215	DEU	18	9	b17w	figs-metonymy	you must not learn to observe the abominations of those nations	God hates the religious activities of the people in the surrounding nations. He considers them to be terribly evil. Here “nations” represents the people. Alternate translation: “you must not do the terrible things that the people of the other nations do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1216	DEU	18	10	ey79	figs-activepassive	There must not be found among you anyone	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “There must not be anyone among you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1217	DEU	18	10	hta7		anyone who uses divination … tells fortunes … reads signs found in a cup … engages in witchcraft	These are different ways of practicing magic. God has forbidden every kind of magic. If you do not have a word for all of these activities, it can be stated more generally. Alternate translation: “anyone who uses magic to try to find out what will happen in the future, to cast spells”
1218	DEU	18	10	ugk5		reads signs found in a cup	One who reads the shapes and figures in a cup and who predicts future events from what they can see
1219	DEU	18	11	g9dh		any charmer … anyone who conjurs up spirits … one who casts spells … who talks with spirits of the dead	These are phrases for people who practice different kinds of magic. God has forbidden every kind of magic. If you do not have a word for all of these types of people, you can translate more generally. Alternate translation: “anyone who uses magic to cast spells, or to talk to the spirits of dead people”
1220	DEU	18	12	ufu7		driving them out	Here “them” refers to the people already living in Canaan.
1221	DEU	18	14	aj59	figs-metonymy	For these nations	Here “nations” stands for the people groups that live in Canaan. Alternate translation: “For these people groups” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1222	DEU	18	14	q8g1		these nations that you will dispossess	“these nations whose land you will take”
1223	DEU	18	15	y637		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
1224	DEU	18	15	pp4p	figs-metaphor	Yahweh your God will raise up for you a prophet	Yahweh appointing a person to be a prophet is spoken of as if Yahweh would raise or lift the person up. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1225	DEU	18	15	m2rv		one of your brothers	“one of your fellow Israelites”
1226	DEU	18	16	v3y7		This is what you asked	Here “you” refers to the Israelites at Mount Horeb about 40 years earlier.
1227	DEU	18	16	iz2m		at Horeb on the day of the assembly	“on the day you gathered together at Horeb”
1228	DEU	18	16	pp7b	figs-quotesinquotes	on the day of the assembly, saying, ‘Let us not hear again the voice of Yahweh our God, nor see this great fire anymore, or we will die.’	This has a quotation within a quotation. A direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “on the day of the assembly when you said that you did not want to hear the voice of Yahweh our God, nor see his great fire anymore, because you were afraid that you would die.” (See:[[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
1229	DEU	18	16	l7c6	figs-synecdoche	Let us not hear again the voice of Yahweh our God	Here Yahweh is represented by his “voice” to emphasize what he says. Alternate translation: “Let us not hear Yahweh our God speak again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1230	DEU	18	18	t95s	figs-metaphor	I will raise up a prophet for them	Yahweh appointing a person to be a prophet is spoken of as if Yahweh would raise or lift the person up. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1231	DEU	18	18	d8wb		from among their brothers	“from among their fellow Israelites”
1232	DEU	18	18	p717	figs-metaphor	I will put my words in his mouth	Yahweh telling the prophet what to say is spoken of as if Yahweh would put words in the prophet’s mouth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1233	DEU	18	18	xl1v		speak to them	“speak to the people of Israel”
1234	DEU	18	19	pt28	figs-metonymy	does not listen to the words of mine that he speaks in my name	Here “my name” represents Yahweh and his authority. Alternate translation: “does not listen to him when he speaks my message” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1235	DEU	18	19	n8mr		require it of him	“I will hold him responsible” or “I will punish him.” Here “him” refers to the person who does not listen to the prophet.
1236	DEU	18	20	y6dm		General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking.
1237	DEU	18	20	pl2e		who speaks a word arrogantly	“who dares to speak a message” or “who is arrogant enough to speak a message”
1238	DEU	18	20	ip16	figs-metonymy	in my name	Here “my name” refers to Yahweh himself and his authority. Alternate translation: “for me” or “with my authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1239	DEU	18	20	x88t		a word	“a message”
1240	DEU	18	20	f7vu	figs-metonymy	who speaks in the name of other gods	Here “name” represents the gods themselves or their authority. This means the prophet claims that false gods told him to speak a certain message. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1241	DEU	18	21	ryk5	figs-metonymy	This is what you must say in your heart	Here “heart” represents the thoughts of a person. Alternate translation: “You ask yourself” or “You must say to yourself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1242	DEU	18	21	gbx1		How will we recognize a message that Yahweh has not spoken?	“How will we know if the message that the prophet speaks is from Yahweh?” Here “we” refers to the people of Israel.
1243	DEU	18	22	law3		General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking.
1244	DEU	18	22	kzp4	figs-metonymy	a prophet speaks in the name of Yahweh	Here “name of Yahweh” refers to Yahweh himself and his authority. Alternate translation: “a prophet claims to speak for me” or “a prophet claims to speak with my authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1245	DEU	18	22	ys2k		the prophet has spoken it arrogantly	“the prophet has spoken this message without my authority”
1246	DEU	19	intro	r53s			# Deuteronomy 19 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Justice<br>Another way justice would be maintained in Israel was by avoiding revenge killings. This chapter describes the establishment of special cities to protect those fleeing from revenge killings. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/avenge]])<br><br>### Witnesses<br>In the ancient Near East, it was common for a person to be punished by the testimony of a single person, especially if this was an important person. The rules in this chapter give protection to people, especially the poor by requiring multiple witnesses. This allowed justice to be done. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/testimony]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Law of retaliation<br>The chapter describes a famous law, often called the “law of retaliation.” It is said, an “eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot.” This does not mean a person who causes another person to lose their eye must have their own eye removed as punishment. This law is not about making all things equal. Instead, it is about limiting the punishment or the ability of a person to retaliate. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1247	DEU	19	1	rka3		General Information:	Moses is still speaking to the people of Israel.
1248	DEU	19	1	av28	figs-metaphor	When Yahweh your God cuts off the nations	Yahweh destroying the people who live in Canaan is spoken of as if he were cutting them off, as one would cut a piece of cloth or cut a branch from a tree. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1249	DEU	19	1	jh1z	figs-metonymy	the nations	This represents the people groups that live in Canaan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1250	DEU	19	1	y55w		those whose land Yahweh your God is giving you	“those nations who were living in the land that Yahweh your God is giving you”
1251	DEU	19	1	kl51		come after them	“take the land from those nations” or “possess the land after those nations are gone”
1252	DEU	19	2	l8je	translate-numbers	select three cities	“choose 3 cities” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1253	DEU	19	3	ty5v	figs-explicit	You must build a road	They were to build roads so that it would be easy for people to travel to these cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1254	DEU	19	3	g91q	figs-explicit	divide the borders of your land into three parts	It is implied that one of the cities they choose must be in each part of the land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1255	DEU	19	3	psa1	figs-metaphor	the land that Yahweh your God is causing you to inherit	Yahweh giving the land to the people of Israel is spoken of as if the people are inheriting the land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1256	DEU	19	4	inz6		This is the instruction	“These are the instructions” or “These are the directions”
1257	DEU	19	4	v7rc	figs-ellipsis	concerning the one who kills another	The word “person” is understood. Alternate translation: “for a person who kills another person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
1258	DEU	19	4	cez8		and flees from there	“and who escapes to one of these cities” or “who runs to one of these cities”
1259	DEU	19	4	k7eb		the one who unintentionally kills his neighbor	Here “neighbor” means any person in general. Alternate translation: “any person who kills another person by accident”
1260	DEU	19	4	uvu6	figs-explicit	without hating him at the time of the accident	“but did not hate his neighbor before he killed him.” This implies there was no cause for him to kill his neighbor purposely. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1261	DEU	19	5	qb1k	figs-hypo	For example, if a man goes into the forest … to cut wood	The author gives a hypothetical situation where a person accidentally kills another person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
1262	DEU	19	5	i3cb		the ax head slips off of the handle	The iron part of the ax comes off the wooden handle.
1263	DEU	19	5	wkv1		strikes his neighbor and kills him	This means the head of the ax hits and kills the neighbor.
1264	DEU	19	5	l3mr	figs-explicit	to one of these cities and save his life	It is implied that the family of the dead man may try to get revenge. The man who killed him can flee to one of these cities, and the people there would protect him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1265	DEU	19	6	y7gu		General Information:	Moses is still speaking to the people of Israel.
1266	DEU	19	6	qq6p	figs-metonymy	the avenger of blood	Here “blood” represents the person who was killed. An “avenger of blood” is a close relative of the person who was killed. This relative is responsible for punishing the murderer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1267	DEU	19	6	xgi5	figs-idiom	the one who took a life	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “the one who killed the other person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1268	DEU	19	6	xc46	figs-metaphor	in the heat of his anger	Someone being very angry is spoken of as if anger were something that could become hot. Alternate translation: “and being very angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1269	DEU	19	6	ugg9		strike him and kill him	“And the blood avenger strikes and kills the one who had killed the other person”
1270	DEU	19	6	z4dg		though that man did not deserve to die, since he had not hated his neighbor in the past	“though that man did not deserve to die since he accidentally killed the other person and was not his enemy, and he had not planned to hurt the man”
1271	DEU	19	8	bj18		General Information:	Moses is still speaking to the people of Israel.
1272	DEU	19	8	ge7t		enlarges your borders	“gives you more land to possess”
1273	DEU	19	8	d84s		as he has sworn to your ancestors to do	“like he promised your ancestors that he would do”
1274	DEU	19	9	a3eh		if you keep all these commandments to do them	“if you obey all these commandments”
1275	DEU	19	9	jg6e	figs-metaphor	to always walk in his ways	How God wants a person to live or behave is spoken of as if it were Yahweh’s way or road. A person who obeys Yahweh is spoken of as if he were walking on Yahweh’s way or road. Alternate translation: “to always obey him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1276	DEU	19	9	yw53	translate-numbers	then you must add three more cities for yourself	The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “then you must choose three more cities for a person to escape to if he accidentally kills someone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1277	DEU	19	9	v9ky	translate-numbers	besides these three	“in addition to the three cities you already established” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1278	DEU	19	10	pz9n	figs-activepassive	Do this so that innocent blood is not shed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Do this so that family members do not kill an innocent person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1279	DEU	19	10	nw4x	figs-metonymy	innocent blood is not shed	Here “blood” represents a person’s life. To shed blood means to kill a person. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “no one kills an innocent person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1280	DEU	19	10	g3td		in the midst of the land	“in the land” or “in the territory”
1281	DEU	19	10	xf54	figs-metaphor	Yahweh your God is giving you for as an inheritance	The land that Yahweh is giving the people of Israel is spoken of as if it were an inheritance. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1282	DEU	19	10	jrj7	figs-metaphor	so that no bloodguilt may be on you	The people of Israel being guilty for a person dying because they did not build a city where he would be safe from the “blood avenger” is spoken of as if the guilt of his death is on them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1283	DEU	19	10	swl5	figs-metonymy	bloodguilt	Here “blood” represents a life and “bloodguilt” refers to the guilt someone has for killing an innocent person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1284	DEU	19	10	p59g		may be on you	This means that if a family member kills an innocent person, then all the people of Israel will be guilty for letting that happen.
1285	DEU	19	11	vzh1		his neighbor	Here “neighbor” means any person in general.
1286	DEU	19	11	c5ne	figs-explicit	lies in wait for him	The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “hides and waits in order to kill him” or “plans to kill him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1287	DEU	19	11	k2et	figs-idiom	rises up against him	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “attacks him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1288	DEU	19	11	fl1g		mortally wounds him so that he dies	“hurts him so that he dies” or “and kills him”
1289	DEU	19	12	y76n		must send and bring him back from there	“must send someone to get him and bring him back from the city that he escaped to”
1290	DEU	19	12	w6c5	figs-idiom	turn him over	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “give him over” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1291	DEU	19	12	wm9p	figs-metonymy	into the hand of the responsible relative	Here “the hand” represents the authority of someone. Alternate translation: “to the authority of the responsible relative” or “to the responsible relative” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1292	DEU	19	12	mu7q		the responsible relative	This is the relative of the person who was killed. This relative is responsible for punishing the murderer.
1293	DEU	19	12	k525		he may die	“the murderer may die” or “the responsible relative may execute the murderer”
1294	DEU	19	13	nzj3	figs-synecdoche	Your eye must not pity him	Here “your eye” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “Do not show him mercy” or “Do not feel sorry for him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1295	DEU	19	13	bf7g	figs-metonymy	you must eradicate the bloodguilt from Israel	Here “bloodguilt” represents the guilt for murdering an innocent person. Alternate translation: “you must execute the murderer so that the people of Israel will not be guilty for the death of an innocent person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1296	DEU	19	13	m9xl	figs-metonymy	from Israel	Here “Israel” refers to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1297	DEU	19	14	ri32		General Information:	Moses is still speaking to the people of Israel.
1298	DEU	19	14	il44	figs-explicit	You must not remove your neighbor’s landmark	The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “You must not take land away from your neighbor by moving the markers on the borders of his land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1299	DEU	19	14	z3yt		they set in place	“that your ancestors placed”
1300	DEU	19	14	aq1b		a long time ago	Moses means that when the people have lived in the land for a long time, they should not move the borders that their ancestors made when they first took the land.
1301	DEU	19	14	xa6i	figs-metaphor	in your inheritance that you will inherit, in the land that Yahweh your God is giving you to possess	Yahweh giving the land to the people of Israel is spoken of as if they were inheriting the land. Alternate translation: “in the land that Yahweh your God is giving to you to possess” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1302	DEU	19	15	d18z		General Information:	Moses is still speaking to the people of Israel.
1303	DEU	19	15	qy58		One sole witness	“A single witness” or “Only one witness”
1304	DEU	19	15	j3fr	figs-idiom	must not rise up against a man	Here “rise up” means to stand up in court and speak against someone to a judge. Alternate translation: “must not speak to the judges about something bad that a man did” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1305	DEU	19	15	am59		in any matter that he sins	“anytime that a man does something bad”
1306	DEU	19	15	hv5m	figs-metonymy	at the mouth of two witnesses, or at the mouth of three witnesses	Here “mouth” represents what the witnesses say. It is implied that there must be at least two or three witnesses. Alternate translation: “at the testimony of at least two or three people” or “based on what at least two or three people say happened” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1307	DEU	19	15	b9c6	figs-activepassive	must any matter be confirmed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “will you confirm that the man is guilty” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1308	DEU	19	16	nhi5		Suppose that	“When” or “If”
1309	DEU	19	16	ece2		an unrighteous witness	“a witness who intends to harm someone else”
1310	DEU	19	16	zqg3	figs-idiom	rises up against any man to testify against him of wrongdoing	Here “rise up” means to stand up in court and speak against someone to a judge. Alternate translation: “tells the judge that a man sinned in order to get the man in trouble” or “tells the judge that a man sinned, so the judge will punish him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1311	DEU	19	17	e77t		General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
1312	DEU	19	17	l9ti		the ones between whom the controversy exists	“the ones who disagree with one another”
1313	DEU	19	17	xh66	figs-explicit	must stand before Yahweh, before the priests and the judges	This means the two persons must go to the sanctuary where Yahweh’s presence dwells. At the sanctuary are priests and judges who have the authority to make legal decisions for Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1314	DEU	19	17	d8nf	figs-idiom	stand before Yahweh, before the priests and the judges	The phrase “stand before” is an idiom. It means to go to someone with authority and let him make a legal decision about a matter. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1315	DEU	19	18	cr9r		The judges must make diligent inquiries	“The judges must work very hard to determine what happened”
1316	DEU	19	19	b5ya		then must you do to him, as he had wished to do to his brother	“then you must punish the false witness in the same way as he wanted you to punish the other man”
1317	DEU	19	19	p5aa	figs-nominaladj	you will remove the evil from among you	The nominal adjective “the evil” can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “you will remove the evil practice from among you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
1318	DEU	19	20	a23d		Then those who remain	“When you punish the false witness, the rest of the people”
1319	DEU	19	20	n7hc	figs-explicit	will hear and fear	The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “will hear about the punishment and be afraid of getting punished” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1320	DEU	19	20	wqw9		commit no longer any such evil	“never again do something evil like that”
1321	DEU	19	21	z5fm	figs-synecdoche	Your eyes must not pity	Here “eyes” refer to the whole person. Alternate translation: “You must not pity him” or “You must not show him mercy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1322	DEU	19	21	nz4x	figs-ellipsis	life will pay for life … foot for foot	Here the phrases are shortened because the meaning is understood. It means the people must punish a person in the same way that he harmed another person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
1323	DEU	20	intro	qq8m			# Deuteronomy 20 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Yahweh’s protection<br>Israel was not to worry about the power and strength of other nations. Instead, they were to trust in the power of Yahweh. He is the source of their military strength and protection. This is why a priest leads them into battle, rather than a military commander. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]])<br><br>### Holy war<br>Israel’s conquering of the Promised Land was unique in history. It was a type of holy war and had special rules. This war was really Yahweh’s punishment against the sin of the Canaanite people. If the people were not completely destroyed, they would cause Israel to sin. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### “What man is there”<br>This phrase is used several times to introduce a rhetorical question. The questions are intended to tell the readers that Yahweh only wants soldiers who are completely dedicated to fighting for him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Excused from fighting<br>In ancient Israel, men were excused from fighting in battle for several different reasons. Some of these reasons are mentioned in this chapter. Apparently, needing to establish a new house, the need to harvest a field and cowardice were possible excuses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1324	DEU	20	1	x89z		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
1325	DEU	20	1	ei7a		When you march out to battle against your enemies	“When you go out to fight in a war against your enemies”
1326	DEU	20	1	r5j1	figs-explicit	see horses, chariots	People considered an army with many horses and chariots to be very strong. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1327	DEU	20	1	ta4q		he who brought you up out of the land of Egypt	Yahweh brought the people from Egypt to Canaan. It was common to use the word “up” to refer to traveling from Egypt to Canaan. Alternate translation: “Yahweh who led you out from the land of Egypt”
1328	DEU	20	2	a8vr		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
1329	DEU	20	2	qi76		speak to the people	“speak to the soldiers of Israel”
1330	DEU	20	3	fy5i	figs-parallelism	Do not let your hearts faint. Do not fear or tremble. Do not be afraid of them	These four expressions all mean the same thing and strongly emphasize that they are not to be afraid. If your language does not have four ways to express this concept, you may use less than four. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1331	DEU	20	3	e17d	figs-metonymy	Do not let your hearts faint	Here “hearts” represents people’s courage. For a heart to faint is an idiom that means “Do not be afraid.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1332	DEU	20	4	mdt8	figs-metaphor	Yahweh your God is the one who is going with you to fight for you against your enemies	Yahweh defeating the enemies of the people of Israel is spoken of as if Yahweh were a warrior who would fight along with the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1333	DEU	20	4	fvb1		to save you	“to give you victory”
1334	DEU	20	5	dxx2		General Information:	Moses says what the army officers must say to the people of Israel before a battle.
1335	DEU	20	5	i6ss	figs-explicit	The officers must speak	One of the officers’ jobs was to decide who could leave the army. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1336	DEU	20	5	x2xn		What man is there … Let him go and return to his house	“If any soldier here has built a new house and has not dedicated it, he should go back to his house”
1337	DEU	20	5	ti4c	figs-hypo	so that he does not die in battle and another man dedicates it	The officer is describing a situation that could possibly happen to a soldier. Alternate translation: “so that, if he dies in battle, another man will not dedicate his house instead of him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
1338	DEU	20	6	yru7		General Information:	Moses continues describing situations that allow a man to leave the military.
1339	DEU	20	6	vr9v		Is there anyone who has planted … Let him go home	“If any soldier here has a new vineyard, but has not yet harvested its grapes, he should go back to his house”
1340	DEU	20	6	tal6	figs-hypo	so he will not die in battle and another man enjoy its fruit	The officer is describing a situation that could possibly happen to a soldier. Alternate translation: “so that, if he dies in battle, another man will not harvest its fruit instead of him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
1341	DEU	20	7	n1rz		What man is there who is engaged to marry a woman … Let him go home	“If any soldier here has promised to marry a woman, but has not yet married her, he should go back to his house”
1342	DEU	20	7	c3bq	figs-hypo	so that he does not die in battle and another man marries her	The officer is describing a situation that could possibly happen to a soldier. Alternate translation: “so that, if he dies in battle, another man does not marry her instead of him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
1343	DEU	20	8	q7ui		General Information:	Moses continues describing situations that allow a man to leave the military.
1344	DEU	20	8	bjh6		What man is there who is fearful or fainthearted? Let him go and return to his house	“If any soldier here is afraid and not brave, he should go back to his house”
1345	DEU	20	8	xs8n	figs-doublet	fearful or fainthearted	Both of these words mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: “afraid to fight in battle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
1346	DEU	20	8	vra8	figs-idiom	his brother’s heart does not melt like his own heart	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “another Israelite does not become afraid like he is afraid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1347	DEU	20	8	j8t4	figs-metonymy	brother’s heart … his own heart	Here “heart” represents a person’s courage. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1348	DEU	20	9	bl8n		they must appoint commanders over them	“the officers must appoint people to be commanders and to lead the people of Israel”
1349	DEU	20	10	tgm2		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
1350	DEU	20	10	gc68	figs-metonymy	When you march up to attack a city	Here “city” represents the people. Alternate translation: “When you go to attack the people of a city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1351	DEU	20	10	bde3		make those people an offer of peace	“give the people in the city a chance to surrender”
1352	DEU	20	11	yd6l	figs-metonymy	open their gates to you	Here “gates” refers to the city gates. The phrase “open their gates to you” represents the people surrendering and allowing the Israelites to enter their city. Alternate translation: “let you enter their city peacefully” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1353	DEU	20	11	lru9	figs-activepassive	all the people who are found in it	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “all the people in the city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1354	DEU	20	11	pf8b		must become forced labor for you	“must become your slaves”
1355	DEU	20	12	c8y1	figs-metonymy	But if it makes no offer of peace	Here “it” refers to the city which represents the people. Alternate translation: “But if the people of the city do not surrender” or “But if the people of the city do not accept your offer of peace” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1356	DEU	20	14	hl2w		the little ones	“the children”
1357	DEU	20	14	h4ld		all its spoil	“all the valuable things”
1358	DEU	20	14	yev9		booty	These are the valuable things which people who win a battle take from the people they attacked.
1359	DEU	20	15	yvw9	figs-metonymy	all the cities	Here “cities” represents the people. Alternate translation: “all the people who live in cities” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1360	DEU	20	16	n8lj		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
1361	DEU	20	16	wi9a	figs-metaphor	In the cities of these peoples that Yahweh your God is giving you as an inheritance	The cities in Canaan that Yahweh is giving to the people is spoken of as if the cities were the people’s inheritance. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1362	DEU	20	16	ql5j	figs-litotes	you must save alive nothing that breathes	“you must not let any living thing stay alive.” This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “you must kill every living thing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
1363	DEU	20	17	v49s		you must completely destroy them	“you must completely destroy these people groups”
1364	DEU	20	18	kl2b		Do this so that they	“Destroy these nations so that they”
1365	DEU	20	18	ya8k		to act in any of their abominable ways … their gods	“to act in abominable ways like the people in these nations have done with their gods”
1366	DEU	20	18	i63g		If you do, you will sin against Yahweh your God	“If you act like these people, you will sin against Yahweh your God”
1367	DEU	20	19	lcz9		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
1368	DEU	20	19	sqm5		wage war	“fight in a war”
1369	DEU	20	19	sg5n		by wielding an ax against them	“by cutting down the trees with an ax”
1370	DEU	20	19	m55u	figs-rquestion	For is the tree of the field a man whom you should besiege?	This rhetorical question is to remind the people of what they should already know. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “For fruit trees are not people, so they are not your enemy.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1371	DEU	20	20	gis7		you know are not trees for food	“you know are not trees that grow fruit to eat”
1372	DEU	20	20	czc4		siege works	These are tools and structures, such as ladders and towers, that are needed to lay siege to a city.
1373	DEU	20	20	g9ny	figs-idiom	until it falls	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “until the people of the city lose the war” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1374	DEU	20	20	fdg1	figs-metonymy	it falls	Here “it” refers to the city which represents the people of the city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1375	DEU	21	intro	qfb6			# Deuteronomy 21 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Elders<br>Older men were required to lead the people of Israel and help to administer justice. These men would function as judges, which would later become a more official position. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]])<br><br>### Peace in Israel<br>The rules and instructions in this chapter help to ensure peace in Israel. This is not a military peace. Instead, it is about establishing peace within Israel and among the people.
1376	DEU	21	1	g61z		General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
1377	DEU	21	1	z641	figs-activepassive	If someone is found killed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “If someone finds a person whom someone else has killed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1378	DEU	21	1	iqh7		lying in the field	The dead person is lying in the field.
1379	DEU	21	1	w5dt	figs-activepassive	it is not known who has attacked him	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “nobody knows who attacked him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1380	DEU	21	2	p5xl		they must measure to the cities	“they must measure the distance to the cities”
1381	DEU	21	2	kj57	figs-activepassive	him who has been killed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “him whom someone has killed” or “the dead body” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1382	DEU	21	3	qle9		has not borne the yoke	“has not worn a yoke”
1383	DEU	21	4	c4aq	figs-idiom	running water	This is an idiom for water that is moving. Alternate translation: “a stream” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1384	DEU	21	4	cc7w	figs-activepassive	a valley that has been neither plowed nor sown	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “a valley where nobody has plowed the ground or planted seeds” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1385	DEU	21	5	lut7		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
1386	DEU	21	5	k6ht		must come forward	“must come to the valley”
1387	DEU	21	5	f1vj		for Yahweh your God has chosen them to serve him	“because the priests are the ones whom Yahweh your God has chosen to serve him”
1388	DEU	21	5	et1i	figs-you	Yahweh your God	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if he were speaking to one man, so the word “your” is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1389	DEU	21	5	gjj4		give blessing	“bless the people of Israel”
1390	DEU	21	5	dtv4	figs-metonymy	in the name of Yahweh	Here the metonym “in the name of” refers to Yahweh and his authority. Alternate translation: “as one who says and does what Yahweh himself would say and do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1391	DEU	21	5	d9ju		Yahweh and to decide every case of dispute and assault by their word	“Yahweh, and they will be the ones who settle all disagreements and cases of violence”
1392	DEU	21	6	m3db		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
1393	DEU	21	6	sd84	figs-activepassive	the heifer whose neck was broken	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the heifer whose neck the priests broke” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1394	DEU	21	7	f8zq		they must answer to the case	“they must testify to Yahweh about this case”
1395	DEU	21	7	hzz3	figs-synecdoche	Our hands have not shed this blood	Here “hands” are a synecdoche for the whole person and “shed this blood” is a metonym for killing an innocent person. Alternate translation: “We did not kill this innocent person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1396	DEU	21	7	p19h	figs-synecdoche	neither have our eyes seen it	Here “eyes” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “and we did not see anyone kill this person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1397	DEU	21	8	n8mm	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to tell the elders what they should say when they wash their hands over the heifer. He speaks to them as if he were speaking to one man, so the words “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1398	DEU	21	8	zi6q	figs-metaphor	whom you have redeemed	Yahweh rescuing the people of Israel from being slaves in Egypt is spoken of as if Yahweh paid money to redeem his people from slavery. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1399	DEU	21	8	h6er	figs-idiom	do not put guilt for innocent bloodshed in the midst of your people Israel	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “do not treat your people Israel as if they are guilty of killing an innocent person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1400	DEU	21	8	ay2y	figs-activepassive	Then the bloodshed will be forgiven them	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Then Yahweh will forgive his people Israel for the death of an innocent person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1401	DEU	21	9	jt76		you will put away the innocent blood from your midst	“you will not be guilty any more of killing an innocent person”
1402	DEU	21	9	xm7q	figs-metaphor	what is right in the eyes of Yahweh	The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “what is right in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1403	DEU	21	10	wt6l	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel as if he were speaking to one man, so the words “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1404	DEU	21	10	l9ii		you go out	“you who are soldiers go out”
1405	DEU	21	11	bd8u		you have a desire for her	Use a polite phrase for “you want to sleep with her.”
1406	DEU	21	11	s5ud		wish to take her for yourself as a wife	“want to marry her”
1407	DEU	21	12	jv5u		she will shave her head	“she will shave the hair off of her head”
1408	DEU	21	12	z3hf		cut her nails	“cut her fingernails”
1409	DEU	21	13	vnh6	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel as if he were speaking to one man, so the words “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1410	DEU	21	13	b55v	figs-explicit	she will take off the clothes she was wearing	She will do this after the man brings her to his house and when she shaves her head and cuts her fingernails and toenails as mentioned in [Deuteronomy 21:12](../21/12.md). The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “she will take off the clothes of her people and put on Israelite clothes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1411	DEU	21	13	b4yf	figs-activepassive	when she was taken captive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “when you took her captive” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1412	DEU	21	13	r21s		a full month	“an entire month” or “a whole month”
1413	DEU	21	13	r54x	figs-euphemism	After that you may lie with her	This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “After that you may have sexual relations with her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
1414	DEU	21	14	ft5h	figs-explicit	But if you take no delight in her	You may need to make explicit that the man sleeps with the woman. Alternate translation: “But if you sleep with her and then decide that you do not want her as your wife” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1415	DEU	21	14	m4xj		let her go where she wishes	“let her go wherever she wants to go”
1416	DEU	21	14	p6ul		because you have humiliated her	“because you shamed her by sleeping with her and then sending her away”
1417	DEU	21	15	s91j		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
1418	DEU	21	15	v2gp	figs-activepassive	one is loved and the other is hated	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: This could mean: (1) “the man loves one of his wives and he hates the other wife” or (2) “the man loves one wife more than he loves the other wife” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1419	DEU	21	15	jg5e	figs-activepassive	if the firstborn son is of her that is hated	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “if the firstborn son belongs to the wife whom the man hates” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1420	DEU	21	16	f8q7		then on the day that the man	“when the man”
1421	DEU	21	16	ym4g		the man causes his sons to inherit what he possesses	“the man gives his possessions to his sons as an inheritance”
1422	DEU	21	16	zf5n		he may not make the son of the beloved wife the firstborn before the son of the hated wife	“he may not treat the son of the beloved wife as if he were the firstborn instead of the son of the hated wife”
1423	DEU	21	17	jb7c		a double portion	“twice as much”
1424	DEU	21	17	njj9	figs-idiom	that son is the beginning of his strength	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “that son is the one who shows that the man can become the father of sons” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1425	DEU	21	18	a2e9		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
1426	DEU	21	18	m9cz	figs-metonymy	who will not obey the voice of his father or the voice of his mother	Here “voice” is a metonym for what a person says. Alternate translation: “who will not obey what his father or mother say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1427	DEU	21	18	k2qr		they correct him	“they punish him for his wrongdoing” or “they train and instruct him”
1428	DEU	21	19	tfk2		must lay hold on him and bring him out	“must force him to come out”
1429	DEU	21	20	xgq4	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1430	DEU	21	20	l217		This son of ours	“Our son”
1431	DEU	21	20	v2fh	figs-metonymy	he will not obey our voice	Here “voice” is a metonym for what a person says or a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: “he will not do what we tell him to do” or “he will not obey us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1432	DEU	21	20	pp95		a glutton	a person who eats and drinks too much
1433	DEU	21	20	a7nu		a drunkard	a person who drinks too much alcohol and gets drunk often
1434	DEU	21	21	f1vt		stone him to death with stones	“throw stones at him until he dies”
1435	DEU	21	21	y2jq	figs-nominaladj	you will remove the evil from among you	The adjective “evil” can be translated as a noun phrase. Alternate translation: “you must remove from among the Israelites the person who does this evil thing” or “you must execute this evil person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
1436	DEU	21	21	eax8	figs-metonymy	All Israel	The word “Israel” is a metonym for the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “All the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1437	DEU	21	21	dpr6	figs-explicit	will hear of it and fear	The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “will hear about what happened to the son and be afraid that the people will punish them also” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1438	DEU	21	22	bv2t	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel as if he were speaking to one man, so the words “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1439	DEU	21	22	nh6m		If a man has committed a sin worthy of death	“If a man has done something so bad that you need to punish him by killing him”
1440	DEU	21	22	h9vx	figs-activepassive	he is put to death	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you execute him” or “you kill him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1441	DEU	21	22	hfw9		you hang him on a tree	This could mean: (1) “after he has died you hang him on a tree” or (2) “you kill him by hanging him on a wooden post”
1442	DEU	21	23	y9lb		bury him the same day	“bury him on the same day as when you execute him”
1443	DEU	21	23	ztq8	figs-activepassive	for whoever is hanged is cursed by God	This can be stated in active form. This could mean: (1) “because God curses everyone whom people hang on trees” and (2) “people hang on trees those whom God has cursed.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1444	DEU	21	23	i54a		do not defile the land	by leaving something God has cursed hanging in the tree
1445	DEU	22	intro	hk1i			# Deuteronomy 22 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Order in Israel<br>The instructions in this chapter help to maintain order in this chapter. The people are to have integrity. The people’s sin will result in serious punishment. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])<br><br>### Virgin woman<br>If a woman was not a virgin, she was not considered to be worth marrying. The man who slept with her was responsible for providing for her since she will not be able to find a husband to provide for her. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1446	DEU	22	1	b8pa	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1447	DEU	22	1	j8sq		go astray	“walk away from its owner”
1448	DEU	22	1	z51n	figs-idiom	hide yourself from them	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “act as if you do not see them” or “go away without doing anything” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1449	DEU	22	2	k4ri		If your fellow Israelite is not near to you	“If your fellow Israelite lives far away from you”
1450	DEU	22	2	x6el		or if you do not know him	“or if you do not know who the owner of the animal is”
1451	DEU	22	2	lk81		it must be with you until he looks for it	“you must keep the animal with you until its owner comes looking for it”
1452	DEU	22	3	ez2b	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1453	DEU	22	3	aj2b		You must do the same with his donkey	“You must return his donkey in the same way”
1454	DEU	22	3	xyi9		you must do the same with his garment	“you must return his clothing in the same way”
1455	DEU	22	3	hk97	figs-idiom	you must not hide yourself	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “you must not act as if you do not see that he has lost something” or “you must not go away without doing anything” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1456	DEU	22	4	zc1c		you must surely help him to lift it up again	“you must help your fellow Israelite lift the animal back up onto its feet”
1457	DEU	22	5	pz6w		General Information:	Moses is still speaking to the people of Israel.
1458	DEU	22	5	jd6y		what pertains to a man	“men’s clothing”
1459	DEU	22	6	ciu1	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1460	DEU	22	6	jzz5		bird’s nest	a home that birds make for themselves out of sticks, grass, plants, and mud
1461	DEU	22	6	j3em		with young ones or eggs in it	“with baby birds or eggs in the nest”
1462	DEU	22	6	d5x9		the mother sitting on the young	“the mother bird is sitting on the baby birds”
1463	DEU	22	7	f4iz	figs-metaphor	prolong your days	Long days are a metaphor for a long life. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:26](../04/26.md). Alternate translation: “be able to live a long time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1464	DEU	22	8	yyd6	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1465	DEU	22	8	bt5j		a railing for your roof	a low fence around the edge of the roof so people will not fall off the roof
1466	DEU	22	8	f2cy	figs-metonymy	so that you do not bring blood on your house	Blood is a symbol for death. Alternate translation: “so that it will not be the fault of your household if someone dies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1467	DEU	22	8	g9kr		if anyone falls from there	“if anyone falls from the roof because you did not make a railing”
1468	DEU	22	9	c3ah	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1469	DEU	22	9	de7h	figs-metonymy	so that the whole harvest is not confiscated by the holy place	The words “holy place” is a metonym for the priests who work in the holy place. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so that the priests in Yahweh’s holy place do not take away the whole harvest” or “so that you do not defile the whole harvest and the priests do not allow you to use it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1470	DEU	22	9	yx66		the yield of the vineyard	“the fruit that grows in the vineyard”
1471	DEU	22	11	x3xx		wool	soft, curly hair that grows on a sheep
1472	DEU	22	11	a4tf	translate-unknown	linen	thread made from the flax plant (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1473	DEU	22	12	f6fs	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word “you” here is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1474	DEU	22	12	dlr4		fringes	threads that are bound together and hang from the end of each corner of the cloak
1475	DEU	22	12	r2vr		the cloak	a long garment that a person wears over his other clothes
1476	DEU	22	13	ej5s		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
1477	DEU	22	13	bv6z	figs-euphemism	he goes in to her	This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “he has sexual relations with her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
1478	DEU	22	14	ir9k		then accuses her of shameful things	“then accuses her of having slept with someone before she was married”
1479	DEU	22	14	qkl1	figs-abstractnouns	puts a bad reputation on her	The abstract noun “reputation” can be translated as a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “makes other people think she is a bad person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1480	DEU	22	14	pd58	figs-euphemism	but when I came near to her	This is a polite way of saying “to have sexual relations with someone.” Alternate translation: “but when I slept with her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
1481	DEU	22	14	l34f		I found no proof of virginity in her	The abstract noun “proof” can be translated as a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “she could not prove to me that she was a virgin”
1482	DEU	22	15	m57e		General Information:	Moses is still speaking to the people of Israel.
1483	DEU	22	15	k5i1	figs-abstractnouns	must take proof of her virginity	The abstract nouns “proof” and “virginity” can be translated with verbal phrases. Alternate translation: “must take something that proves that she has never had sexual relations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1484	DEU	22	16	vy46		General Information:	Moses is still speaking to the people of Israel.
1485	DEU	22	17	i7ju	figs-explicit	he has accused her of shameful things	The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “he has accused her of having slept with someone before he married her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1486	DEU	22	17	m954	figs-abstractnouns	I did not find in your daughter the proof of virginity	The abstract nouns “proof” and “virginity” can be translated as verbal phrases. Alternate translation: “Your daughter could not prove that she has never had sexual relations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1487	DEU	22	17	bhe3	figs-abstractnouns	But here is the proof of my daughter’s virginity	The abstract nouns “proof” and “virginity” can be translated as verbal phrases. Alternate translation: “But this proves that my daughter has never had sexual relations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1488	DEU	22	17	sdd9	figs-explicit	Then they will spread the garment out before the elders of the city	The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “And then the mother and father will show the clothing with the bloodstain to the elders as proof that she was a virgin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1489	DEU	22	18	q13n		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
1490	DEU	22	19	c6dg		they must fine him	“they must make him pay as a punishment”
1491	DEU	22	19	j3h6	translate-bmoney	one hundred shekels	“100 shekels” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1492	DEU	22	19	njg8		give them to the father of the girl	“give the money to the father of the girl”
1493	DEU	22	19	q46p	figs-abstractnouns	has caused a bad reputation for a virgin of Israel	The abstract noun “reputation” can be translated as a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “has caused people to think that a virgin of Israel is a bad person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1494	DEU	22	19	w6zh		he may not send her away	“never allow him to divorce her”
1495	DEU	22	19	sb61	figs-idiom	during all his days	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “for his entire life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1496	DEU	22	20	u7al		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
1497	DEU	22	20	b2ml		But if this thing is true	“But if it is true” or “But if what the man said is true”
1498	DEU	22	20	h9vv	figs-activepassive	that the proof of virginity was not found in the girl	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that the man did not find proof that the girl was a virgin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1499	DEU	22	20	ut1j	figs-abstractnouns	the proof of virginity	The abstract nouns “proof” and “virginity” can be translated as verbal phrases. Alternate translation: “something that proves that the girl has never had sexual relations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1500	DEU	22	21	u35w		then they must bring out the girl	“then the elders must bring out the girl”
1501	DEU	22	21	tr69		stone her to death with stones	“throw stones at her until she dies”
1502	DEU	22	21	r68j		because she has committed a disgraceful action in Israel	“because she has done a disgraceful thing in Israel”
1503	DEU	22	21	lq2i		to act as a harlot in her father’s house	“acting like a harlot while living in her father’s house”
1504	DEU	22	21	n3u5	figs-nominaladj	you will remove the evil	The adjective “evil” can be translated as a noun phrase. Alternate translation: “you must remove from among the Israelites the person who does this evil thing” or “you must execute this evil person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
1505	DEU	22	22	tr9p	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word “you” is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1506	DEU	22	22	gj36	figs-activepassive	If a man is found	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “If someone finds a man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1507	DEU	22	22	jwc2	figs-euphemism	lying with	This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “having sexual relations with” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
1508	DEU	22	22	td33		and you will remove	“in this way you will remove”
1509	DEU	22	23	a6yj	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word “you” is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1510	DEU	22	23	gh34		engaged to a man	“who is promised to marry a man”
1511	DEU	22	23	qw6x	figs-euphemism	lies with her	This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “has sexual relations with her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
1512	DEU	22	24	pa9s	figs-you	take … and stone	These commands are addressed to Israel as a group and so are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1513	DEU	22	24	y57q		take both of them	“then you must bring both the girl and the man who slept with her”
1514	DEU	22	24	imu5		because she did not cry out	“because she did not call for help”
1515	DEU	22	24	h5rb	figs-explicit	because he violated his neighbor’s wife	The Israelites at that time thought of a man and woman who had engaged each other for marriage as husband and wife. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “because he slept with a girl who belongs to a fellow Israelite” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1516	DEU	22	24	h8jh	figs-nominaladj	you will remove the evil from among you	The adjective “evil” can be translated as a noun phrase. Alternate translation: “you must remove from among the Israelites the person who does this evil thing” or “you must execute this evil person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
1517	DEU	22	25	bbb7		the engaged girl	a girl whose parents have agreed to let her marry a certain man, but she has not married him yet
1518	DEU	22	25	g61l	figs-euphemism	lies with her	This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “has sexual relations with her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
1519	DEU	22	25	y33y		then only the man who lies with her must die	“then you must only kill the man who lay with her”
1520	DEU	22	26	x3q2		there is no sin worthy of death in the girl	“you are not to punish her by killing her for what she did”
1521	DEU	22	26	xrs6		For this case is like when a man attacks his neighbor and kills him	“Because this situation is like the situation when somebody attacks another person and kills him”
1522	DEU	22	27	qqe5		For he found her in the field	“Because the man found the girl working in the field”
1523	DEU	22	28	s17p		but who is not engaged	“but whose parents have not promised another man that she will marry him”
1524	DEU	22	28	i4cs	figs-euphemism	lies with her	This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “has sexual relations with her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
1525	DEU	22	28	m9ah	figs-activepassive	if they are discovered	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “if somebody finds out what happened” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1526	DEU	22	29	tr9z	translate-bmoney	fifty shekels of silver	A shekel weighs eleven grams. Alternate translation: “fifty pieces of silver” or “550 grams of silver” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1527	DEU	22	29	yb82	figs-idiom	He may not send her away during all his days	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “He must never divorce her during his entire life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1528	DEU	22	30	hh8b	figs-explicit	must not take his father’s wife as his own	The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “must not marry his father’s former wife, even if she is not his mother” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1529	DEU	23	intro	rn7c			# Deuteronomy 23 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The assembly of Yahweh<br>This was probably the corporate worship of Yahweh, when the people would come together to worship him.<br><br>### Racial superiority<br>Yahweh viewed Israel as superior to the other nations of Canaan. In many cultures, this may be seen as immoral. It must be remembered that the instructions of this chapter are very remote from the modern world. These people groups were always sinful and idolatrous. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
1530	DEU	23	1	r8v9		man injured by crushing or cutting off	“man whose private body parts someone has crushed or cut off”
1531	DEU	23	1	z8kb	figs-idiom	may enter the assembly of Yahweh	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “may be a full member of the Israelite community” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1532	DEU	23	2	j67e		illegitimate child	This could mean: (1) a child born to parents who committed incest or adultery or (2) a child born to a prostitute.
1533	DEU	23	2	eh16	translate-ordinal	as far as to the tenth generation of his descendants	This “tenth” is the ordinal number for ten. Alternate translation: “even after ten generations of the illegitimate child’s descendants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
1534	DEU	23	2	i3u2		none of them	“none of these descendants”
1535	DEU	23	3	zk3j	figs-idiom	may not belong to the assembly of Yahweh	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “may not be a full member of the Israelite community” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1536	DEU	23	3	upu4	translate-ordinal	as far as to the tenth generation of his descendants	This “tenth”is the ordinal number for ten. Alternate translation: “even after ten generations of his descendants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
1537	DEU	23	4	sk15	figs-explicit	they did not meet you with bread and with water	The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “they did not welcome you by bringing you food and drink” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1538	DEU	23	4	l814	figs-you	against you … curse you	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word “you” here is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1539	DEU	23	5	nd5k	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1540	DEU	23	5	zpa9	figs-idiom	would not listen	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “did not pay attention” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1541	DEU	23	5	ag3p		turned the curse into a blessing for you	“had him bless you and not curse you”
1542	DEU	23	6	nk42		You must never seek their peace or prosperity	This could mean: (1) “You should never make a peace treaty with the Ammonites and the Moabites” or (2) “You must not do anything to cause things to go well for those 2 people groups to enable them to prosper” .
1543	DEU	23	6	nxp6	figs-idiom	during all your days	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “as long as you are a nation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1544	DEU	23	7	erl6	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1545	DEU	23	7	pb1s		You must not detest an Edomite	“Do not hate an Edomite”
1546	DEU	23	7	p79b		for he is your brother	“because he is your relative”
1547	DEU	23	7	alf8		you must not abhor an Egyptian	“do not hate an Egyptian”
1548	DEU	23	8	iwm4	translate-ordinal	The descendants of the third generation that are born to them may belong to the assembly of Yahweh	This “third” is the ordinal number for three. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “If an Edomite or an Egyptian comes to live in the Israelite community, his grandchildren may become full members of that community” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1549	DEU	23	9	ffs3	figs-you	When you march out as an army against your enemies, then you must keep yourselves	Moses speaks here to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1550	DEU	23	9	v59w		against your enemies	“to fight against your enemies”
1551	DEU	23	9	m73w		keep yourselves from every evil thing	“keep yourselves away from all bad things”
1552	DEU	23	10	fmm7	figs-euphemism	any man who is unclean because of what happened to him at night	This is a polite way of saying that he had an emission of semen. Alternate translation: “any man who is unclean because he had an emission of semen while he was asleep” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
1553	DEU	23	12	myh9	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1554	DEU	23	13	pw1i		you will have something among your tools to dig with	“you should have a tool that you can use to dig with”
1555	DEU	23	13	sn2i	figs-euphemism	when you squat down to relieve yourself	This is a polite way of saying to defecate. Alternate translation: “when you squat down to defecate” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
1556	DEU	23	13	k6ti		you must dig with it	“you must dig a hole with the tool”
1557	DEU	23	13	mq5j		cover up what has come out from you	“cover up your excrement”
1558	DEU	23	14	j9zn		so that he may not see any unclean thing among you	“so that Yahweh may not see any unclean thing among you”
1559	DEU	23	15	ba2u	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1560	DEU	23	15	cfk6	figs-explicit	a slave who has escaped from his master	The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “a slave from another country who escaped from his master and came to Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1561	DEU	23	16	c3m8		Let him live with you	“Let the slave live among your people”
1562	DEU	23	17	kr1e	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1563	DEU	23	17	cmz6	figs-euphemism	cultic prostitute … among any of the daughters … among the sons	This could mean: (1) Moses openly forbids women and men to perform sexual acts as part of temple service or (2) Moses uses a euphemism to forbid women and men to perform sexual acts to receive money. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
1564	DEU	23	18	i3pv		You must not bring the wages of a prostitute … into the house	“A woman who earns money as a prostitute must not bring that money … into the house”
1565	DEU	23	18	cdx2		a dog	a man who allows men to have sex with him for money
1566	DEU	23	18	p7wu		into the house of Yahweh your God	“into the temple”
1567	DEU	23	18	nqe5		for any vow	“to fulfill a vow”
1568	DEU	23	18	dw4f		both these	the wages of a female prostitute and of a male prostitute.
1569	DEU	23	19	ad32	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1570	DEU	23	19	f1z2		lend on interest	to lend to somebody and force that person to pay back more than was lent
1571	DEU	23	19	z4pg		interest of money … anything that is lent on interest	“you must not charge interest when you lend somebody money, food, or anything else”
1572	DEU	23	20	ubn8	figs-idiom	all that you put your hand to	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “all that you do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1573	DEU	23	21	nbs8	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1574	DEU	23	21	q8a9		you must not be slow in fulfilling it	“you must not take a long time to fulfill the vow”
1575	DEU	23	21	cns1		for Yahweh your God will surely require it of you	“because Yahweh your God will blame you and punish you if you do not fulfill your vow”
1576	DEU	23	22	g92k	figs-explicit	But if you will refrain from making a vow, it will be no sin for you	The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “But, if you do not make a vow, you will not sin because you will not have a vow to fulfill” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1577	DEU	23	23	d5bw	figs-idiom	That which has gone out from your lips	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “The words you have spoken” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1578	DEU	23	23	mp5l		according as you have vowed to Yahweh your God	“whatever you have vowed to Yahweh your God that you will do”
1579	DEU	23	23	cj72		anything that you have freely promised with your mouth	“anything that people have heard you promise to do because you wanted to do it”
1580	DEU	23	23	qm3v		with your mouth	“so that people heard you say it”
1581	DEU	23	24	gy1x	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1582	DEU	23	24	wy4l		you may eat as many grapes as you desire	“then you may enjoy eating grapes until you are full”
1583	DEU	23	24	ris3	figs-explicit	but do not put any in your basket	The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “but you may not put any grapes in your bag to take them away with you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1584	DEU	23	25	em5k		When you go into your neighbor’s ripe grain	“When you walk through your neighbor’s field where there is grain growing”
1585	DEU	23	25	v1t5		you may pluck the heads of grain with your hand	“then you may eat the kernels of grain with your hand”
1586	DEU	23	25	jv7v		but do not put a sickle to your neighbor’s ripe grain	“but do not cut down your neighbor’s ripe grain and take it with you”
1587	DEU	23	25	q13q		sickle	a sharp tool that farmers use to harvest wheat
1588	DEU	24	intro	l5h3			# Deuteronomy 24 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br>This chapter continues the teaching about how to maintain justice in Israel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### “No man may take a mill or an upper millstone as a pledge”<br>A millstone was the way a person made a living. To take a person’s millstone was to take away the way they earned money and produced food. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br><br>### Lending money<br>Lending money to fellow Israelites was a way to help them out. It was not intended to be a way to make money off their brothers. This chapter gives limitations regarding the lending of money.
1589	DEU	24	1	fn1d		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
1590	DEU	24	1	t3lr	figs-doublet	When a man takes a wife and marries her	The phrases “takes a wife” and “marries her” mean the same thing. Alternate translation: “When a man marries a woman” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
1591	DEU	24	1	a5ki	figs-synecdoche	if she finds no favor in his eyes	Here the “eyes” represent the whole person. Alternate translation: “if he decides that he does not like her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1592	DEU	24	1	bk83		because he has found some unsuitable thing in her	“because for some reason he has decided that he does not want to keep her”
1593	DEU	24	1	t5b8		he must write her a certificate of divorce	“he must give his wife an official paper saying that they are not married anymore”
1594	DEU	24	2	s8m8		she may go and be another man’s wife	“she may go and marry another man”
1595	DEU	24	3	i2hq	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel about a woman who gets a divorce and marries another man. Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1596	DEU	24	3	x5th		If the second husband hates her	“If the second husband decides that he hates the woman”
1597	DEU	24	3	n5zv		certificate of divorce	This is an official paper saying that the man and woman are not married anymore. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 24:1](../24/01.md).
1598	DEU	24	3	fwe1		puts it into her hand	“gives it to the woman”
1599	DEU	24	4	pjf5	figs-explicit	after she has become impure	The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “after she has become unclean by the divorce and remarriage to another man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1600	DEU	24	4	wx6u	figs-personification	You must not cause the land to become guilty	The land is spoken of as if it could sin. Alternate translation: “You must not spread guilt around in the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
1601	DEU	24	5	k6dj		General Information:	Moses is still speaking to the people of Israel.
1602	DEU	24	5	kq76		When a man takes a new wife	“When a man is newly married to a woman”
1603	DEU	24	5	e825	figs-activepassive	neither may he be commanded to go on any forced duty	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “and no one is to force him to live away from his home and do any kind of work” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1604	DEU	24	5	r7e9		he will be free to be at home	“he will be free to live at home”
1605	DEU	24	6	ug4c		mill	a tool for making flour by grinding grain in between two heavy discs of stone
1606	DEU	24	6	uas9		upper millstone	the top disc of stone in a mill
1607	DEU	24	6	sp1u	figs-metonymy	for that would be taking a person’s life as a pledge	The word “life” is a metonym for what a person needs to keep himself alive. Alternate translation: “because he would be taking from the man what the man needs to make food for his family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1608	DEU	24	7	pj12	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1609	DEU	24	7	q93t	figs-idiom	If a man is found kidnapping	This is an idiom for “If a man kidnaps.” It can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “If you find a man kidnapping” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1610	DEU	24	7	mk1d		kidnapping	using physical force to take an innocent person away from his home and imprison him
1611	DEU	24	7	zk84		any of his brothers from among the people of Israel	“any of his fellow Israelites”
1612	DEU	24	7	e6gc		that thief must die	“then other Israelites should kill that thief as a punishment for what he did”
1613	DEU	24	7	jx4a	figs-nominaladj	you will remove the evil from among you	The adjective “evil” can be translated as a noun phrase. Alternate translation: “you must remove from among the Israelites the person who does this evil thing” or “you must execute this evil person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
1614	DEU	24	8	xl5c		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
1615	DEU	24	8	s2sl	figs-you	Take heed … you carefully observe	Moses speaks to the Israelites here as if they were one man, so the word “you” and the command “take heed” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1616	DEU	24	8	a4y7		Take heed regarding any plague of leprosy	“Pay attention if you suffer from leprosy” or “Pay attention if you have leprosy”
1617	DEU	24	8	g4nu	figs-activepassive	every instruction given to you which the priests, the Levites, teach you	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “all of the instructions that I have given you and that the priests, who are Levites, teach you to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1618	DEU	24	8	bq6f	figs-you	teach you … you will act	Moses here speaks to the Israelites as a group, so these instances of the word “you” are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1619	DEU	24	8	ha1s		as I commanded them, so you will act	“you must make sure that you do exactly what I have commanded them”
1620	DEU	24	8	gr6s		commanded them	The word “them” refers to the priests, who are Levites.
1621	DEU	24	9	dz97	figs-you	Call to mind what Yahweh your God	Moses speaks to the Israelites here as if they were one man, so the word “your” and the command “call to mind” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1622	DEU	24	9	svp3	figs-you	you were coming out	Moses here speaks to the Israelites as a group, so the word “you” is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1623	DEU	24	9	rhd1	figs-idiom	Call to mind	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “Remember” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1624	DEU	24	9	ue24		as you were coming out of Egypt	“during the time when you were leaving Egypt”
1625	DEU	24	10	g9z2	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1626	DEU	24	10	p9qp		When you make your neighbor any kind of loan	“When you loan something to your neighbor”
1627	DEU	24	10	dgw3		to fetch his pledge	“to take his pledge”
1628	DEU	24	10	t462		his pledge	This refers to what he has promised that he would give you if he did not pay back the loan.
1629	DEU	24	11	l4zm		You will stand outside	“You should wait outside his house”
1630	DEU	24	12	igs8	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1631	DEU	24	12	p99v		you must not lie down to sleep with his pledge in your possession	“you must not keep his coat overnight” or “you must return his pledge before you lie down to sleep”
1632	DEU	24	12	ub2f		his pledge	This refers to what he has promised that he would give you if he did not pay back the loan. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 24:10](../24/10.md).
1633	DEU	24	13	ak4z		restore to him the pledge	“give him back what he has given you to show that he will pay back the loan”
1634	DEU	24	13	b8d7	figs-explicit	so that he may sleep in his cloak and bless you	The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “so that he will have his coat to keep himself warm when he sleeps, and he will be grateful to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1635	DEU	24	13	rg78		cloak	This is a coat or other clothing that keeps a person warm at night. This was probably the “pledge” Moses was speaking of in [Deuteronomy 24:10-12](./10.md).
1636	DEU	24	13	ju2d		it will be righteousness for you before Yahweh your God	“Yahweh your God will approve of the way you handled this matter”
1637	DEU	24	14	wp93	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1638	DEU	24	14	w8gq		You must not oppress a hired servant	“You must not treat a hired servant poorly”
1639	DEU	24	14	lbh8		hired servant	a person who gets paid daily for his work
1640	DEU	24	14	siq5	figs-doublet	poor and needy	These two words have similar meanings and emphasize that this is a person who cannot help himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
1641	DEU	24	14	pkc6	figs-synecdoche	within your city gates	Here “city gates” mean towns or cities. Alternate translation: “in one of your cities” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1642	DEU	24	15	msa8		Each day you must give him his wage	“You should give the man the money he earns every single day”
1643	DEU	24	15	en53	figs-idiom	the sun must not go down on this unsettled matter	This is an idiom. The Israelites considered the new day as starting when the sun went down. Alternate translation: “you should pay the man on the same day he does the work” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1644	DEU	24	15	qhi5	figs-explicit	for he is poor and is counting on it	The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “because he is poor and depends on his wages to buy his food for the next day” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1645	DEU	24	15	e1ry		he does not cry out against you to Yahweh	“he does not call out to Yahweh and ask him to punish you”
1646	DEU	24	16	f9w8	figs-activepassive	The parents must not be put to death for their children	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must not execute the parents because of something bad that one of their children did” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1647	DEU	24	16	dm6q	figs-activepassive	neither must the children be put to death for their parents	This can be stated in active form, Alternate translation: “and you must not execute the children because of something bad that their parents did” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1648	DEU	24	16	kpm3	figs-activepassive	everyone must be put to death for his own sin	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you should only execute a person because of something bad that he did himself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1649	DEU	24	17	jt5p	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1650	DEU	24	17	v5c5	figs-metaphor	You must not use force to take away the justice that is due the foreigner or the fatherless	Moses speaks of justice as if it were a physical object that a stronger person can violently pull away from a weaker person. Alternate translation: “You must not treat a foreigner or the fatherless unfairly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1651	DEU	24	17	p5g1		fatherless	This refers to children whose parents have both died and do not have relatives to care for them.
1652	DEU	24	17	e6gp	figs-explicit	nor take the widow’s cloak as a pledge	A lender would take something from the borrower to ensure that she would pay him back. He was not allowed to take her coat because she needed it to stay warm. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “and do not take a widow’s cloak as a pledge because she needs it to stay warm” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1653	DEU	24	18	w91c	figs-idiom	call to mind	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “remember” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1654	DEU	24	19	x6d4	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1655	DEU	24	19	t9e2		When you reap your harvest in your field	“When you cut down the grain in your field”
1656	DEU	24	19	im2p		an omer of grain	Some versions translate this as “a sheaf.” Either translation refers to stalks of grain, enough to be easily carried, possibly tied in a bundle.
1657	DEU	24	19	nzd1	figs-ellipsis	it must be for the foreigner, for the fatherless, or for the widow	You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “you must leave the sheaf so a foreigner, an orphan, or a widow can take it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
1658	DEU	24	19	xe9h	figs-synecdoche	in all the work of your hands	Here “hands” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “in all the work that you do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1659	DEU	24	20	e142	figs-ellipsis	When you shake your olive tree	You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “When you shake the branches of your olive tree, causing the olives to fall to the ground so you can pick them up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
1660	DEU	24	20	e66f		you must not go over the branches again	“do not pick every single olive from the tree”
1661	DEU	24	20	e3tn	figs-ellipsis	it will be for the foreigner, for the fatherless, or for the widow	You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “the olives that stay on the branches are for foreigners, orphans, and widows to pick and take with them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
1662	DEU	24	21	qg17	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1663	DEU	24	21	h98g		What is left over will be for the foreigner, for the fatherless, and for the widow	“The grapes that you do not pick will be for the foreigner, the fatherless, and the widow to pick”
1664	DEU	24	21	qsd7	figs-genericnoun	for the foreigner, for the fatherless, and for the widow	These refer to groups of people. Alternate translation: “for foreigners, for those who are fatherless, and for the widows” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
1665	DEU	24	22	jte9	figs-idiom	call to mind	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “remember” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1666	DEU	25	intro	e9vi			# Deuteronomy 25 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter continues to teach about justice in Israel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### “A perfect and just weight you must have”<br>In the ancient Near East, money was weighted on a scale. If a persons weight was off, they were robbing people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1667	DEU	25	1	kk1l		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
1668	DEU	25	2	m44y	figs-activepassive	If the guilty man deserves to be beaten	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “If the judge orders them to beat the guilty man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1669	DEU	25	2	b3ki	figs-activepassive	be beaten in his presence	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “he will watch them beat him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1670	DEU	25	2	iku9		with the ordered number of blows, as was his crime	“the number of times he has ordered because of the bad deed he did”
1671	DEU	25	3	ytf3		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
1672	DEU	25	3	e1n2	translate-numbers	The judge may give him forty blows	“The judge may say that they should beat the guilty person 40 times” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1673	DEU	25	3	p5e2		but he may not exceed that number	“but the judge may not order them to beat him more than 40 times”
1674	DEU	25	3	n2km		for if he should exceed that number and beat him with many more blows	“because if the judge orders them to beat him many more than 40 times”
1675	DEU	25	3	l8ju	figs-activepassive	then your fellow Israelite would be humiliated before your eyes	This may be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “then the judge would humiliate your fellow Israelite in front of all of the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1676	DEU	25	3	s8b7	figs-synecdoche	humiliated before your eyes	Here the people are represented by their “eyes” to emphasize what they see. Alternate translation: “humiliated, and you would all see it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1677	DEU	25	4	zw1w		You must not muzzle the ox	“You must not put something over the mouth of an ox”
1678	DEU	25	4	jy42		when he treads out the grain	while he separates the grain from the chaff by walking on it or dragging heavy wood over it
1679	DEU	25	5	w7si		General Information:	Moses is still speaking to the people of Israel.
1680	DEU	25	5	a1gx		If brothers live together	This could mean: (1) “If brothers live on the same property” or (2) “If brothers live near each other.”
1681	DEU	25	5	e3vx	figs-activepassive	then the wife of the dead man must not be married off to someone	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “then the family of the dead man must not let the widow marry someone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1682	DEU	25	5	y2p8	figs-euphemism	shall go in to her	This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “shall have sexual relations with her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
1683	DEU	25	5	j4zw		do the duty of a husband’s brother to her	“do what the brother of a dead husband is supposed to do”
1684	DEU	25	6	tf4h	figs-metonymy	will succeed in the name of that man’s dead brother	The word “name” is a metonym for the person’s family line. Alternate translation: “will continue the family line of that man’s dead brother” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1685	DEU	25	6	d4l7	figs-metonymy	so that his name will not perish from Israel	The word “name” is a metonym for the person’s family line. Alternate translation: “so that his family line will not disappear from Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1686	DEU	25	7	clc2		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
1687	DEU	25	7	hf36	figs-explicit	must go up to the gate to the elders	The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “must go up to the city gate where the elders judge cases” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1688	DEU	25	7	v965	figs-metonymy	refuses to raise up for his brother a name	Here “name” refers to the memory of someone through his descendants. Alternate translation: “refuses to give his brother a son” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1689	DEU	25	7	d9aj		he will not perform the duty of a husband’s brother to me	“he will not do what a husband’s brother is supposed to do and marry me”
1690	DEU	25	8	sx4h		I do not wish to take her	“I do not wish to marry her”
1691	DEU	25	9	wrp9		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
1692	DEU	25	9	d6jx		must come up to him in the presence of the elders	“must walk up close to him with the elders there watching”
1693	DEU	25	9	e9kq	figs-metonymy	who does not build up his brother’s house	Here “house” is a metonym for the family. Alternate translation: “who does not give his brother a son and continue his brother’s family line” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1694	DEU	25	10	py4m		His name will be called in Israel	“People in Israel will know his family as”
1695	DEU	25	10	hsh9	figs-explicit	The house of him whose sandal has been taken off	Here removing the sandal symbolizes that the brother would not receive any of the property of his dead brother. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. This can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The house of him whose sandal his brother’s widow took off his foot” or “The family of a man who did not marry the wife of his dead brother” or “The family whom everyone despises” or “The family who is shameful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1696	DEU	25	11	qu3t	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1697	DEU	25	11	fd81	figs-metonymy	out of the hand of him who struck him	Here “hand” refers to power or control. Alternate translation: “so the one who struck him will not strike him again” or “from the man who hit him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1698	DEU	25	12	lc9r	figs-synecdoche	your eye must have no pity	Here “eye” means the whole person. Alternate translation: “you should not feel sorry for her” or “you must not show her mercy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1699	DEU	25	13	m4mm	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1700	DEU	25	13	bt47	figs-explicit	You must not have in your bag different weights, a large and a small	The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. You can also make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “You must not cheat people by using a weight that is larger than you say it is when you buy things and by using a weight that is smaller than you say it is when you sell things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
1701	DEU	25	13	q2yv		weights	Weights were stones used on a balance to determine how much something weighs
1702	DEU	25	14	bt5b	figs-explicit	You must not have in your house different measures, a large and a small	The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. You can also make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “You must not cheat people by using a measure that is larger than you say it is when you buy things and by using a measure that is smaller than you say it is when you sell things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
1703	DEU	25	14	n9g6		measures	A measure was a basket or other container for measuring how much there is of something.
1704	DEU	25	15	q2jf	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel about using fair weights and measures when buying and selling. He speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1705	DEU	25	15	emm1		A perfect and just	“A correct and fair”
1706	DEU	25	15	h3e2		weight … measure	See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 25:13](../25/13.md).
1707	DEU	25	15	lu1x	figs-idiom	your days may be long	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “you may live for a long time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1708	DEU	25	16	xsn1		For all who do such things, all that act unrighteously	“because everyone who cheats people by using different sized weights and measures”
1709	DEU	25	17	za5v	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so except where noted the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1710	DEU	25	17	fs1s	figs-idiom	Call to mind what Amalek did to you	This is an idiom, and “Amalek” is a metonym for the Amelikite people. Alternate translation: “Remember what the Amalekites did to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1711	DEU	25	17	y9yn	figs-you	as you came out	The word “you” here is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1712	DEU	25	18	yp1n		how he met you on the road	“how they met you along the way”
1713	DEU	25	18	h41g		attacked those of you at the rear	“attacked those of your people who were in the back of the line”
1714	DEU	25	18	f2uv		all who were feeble in your rear	“all the people who were weak in the back of the line”
1715	DEU	25	18	bv3r	figs-doublet	faint and weary	These words have similar meanings and emphasize how tired the people were. Alternate translation: “tired and exhausted” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
1716	DEU	25	18	ig25	figs-explicit	he did not honor God	The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “he was not afraid of God’s punishment” or “he did not respect God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1717	DEU	25	19	gv8d		you must blot out the remembrance of Amalek from under heaven	“you must kill all of the Amalekites so that nobody will remember them anymore”
1718	DEU	26	intro	t97p			# Deuteronomy 26 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter recalls the great events of Israel’s history when Yahweh brought them out of Egypt.
1719	DEU	26	1	yl9f	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1720	DEU	26	2	epa3	translate-ordinal	some of the first of all the harvest	“some of the first fruits of the harvest” or “some of the first crops of the harvest.” This “first” is the ordinal number for one. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
1721	DEU	26	3	wq9z	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1722	DEU	26	5	u2nt	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1723	DEU	26	5	tpv8		My ancestor was a wandering Aramean	This is the beginning of the statement that the Israelite male should make when bringing his basket.
1724	DEU	26	5	tq54		a wandering Aramean	This refers to Jacob, who was the ancestor of all the Israelites. He lived for many years in Aram-Nahairam, a region located in Syria.
1725	DEU	26	5	k6c8		stayed there	“lived the rest of his life there”
1726	DEU	26	5	fi9k	figs-metonymy	There he became	The word “he” is a metonym for “Jacob’s descendants.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1727	DEU	26	5	bu5w	figs-doublet	a great, mighty	These words mean basically the same thing. They emphasize that Israel became a large and powerful nation. Alternate translation: “very great” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
1728	DEU	26	6	i527		General Information:	This continues what the Israelite must say when he brings his first crops to Yahweh.
1729	DEU	26	6	ujn6	figs-doublet	treated us badly and afflicted us	These two phrases say basically the same thing. They emphasize that the Egyptians acted very harshly. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
1730	DEU	26	6	c31y	figs-exclusive	treated us	Here “us” refers to the people of Israel that were living in Egypt. The speaker includes himself as one of the people whether he lived in Egypt or not. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
1731	DEU	26	7	yr33	figs-metonymy	he heard our voice	Here “voice” refers to the whole person and his cries or prayers. Alternate translation: “he heard our cries” or “he heard our prayers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1732	DEU	26	7	g82f		our affliction, our labor, and our oppression	“that the Egyptians were afflicting us, that we were doing very hard work, and that the Egyptians were oppressing us”
1733	DEU	26	8	c2ae		General Information:	This continues what the Israelite must say when he brings his first crops to Yahweh.
1734	DEU	26	8	bl9x	figs-exclusive	Yahweh brought us	Here “us” refers to the people of Israel that were living in Egypt. The speaker includes himself as one of the people whether he lived in Egypt or not. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
1735	DEU	26	8	qdu1	figs-metaphor	with a mighty hand, with an outstretched arm	Here “a mighty hand” and “an outstretched arm” are metaphors for Yahweh’s power. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:34](../04/34.md). Alternate translation: “by showing his mighty power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1736	DEU	26	8	r6wp		with great fearsomeness	“with acts that terrified the people who saw them”
1737	DEU	26	9	e5yf		a land that flows with milk and honey	This is an idiom. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 6:3](../06/03.md). Alternate translation: “a land where plenty of milk and honey flow” or “a land that is excellent for cattle and farming”
1738	DEU	26	10	w7qd	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues telling the Israelites what they must say when they bring theire first crops to Yahweh. He speaks to them as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1739	DEU	26	10	i91e		first of the harvest	“first fruits of the harvest” or “first crops of the harvest”
1740	DEU	26	10	w4db		You must set it down	“You must set the basket down.”
1741	DEU	26	11	n6y8		you must rejoice in all the good that Yahweh your God has done for you	“you must rejoice and be grateful for all the good things that Yahweh your God has done for you”
1742	DEU	26	12	m35u	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1743	DEU	26	12	hy2p	translate-ordinal	in the third year	This “third” is the ordinal number for three. Every three years the people of Israel gave a tenth of the harvest to the poor. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
1744	DEU	26	12	whv6		fatherless	These are children whose parents have both died and do not have relatives to care for them.
1745	DEU	26	12	qtq6		widow	This means a woman whose husband has died and has no children to care for her now that she is old.
1746	DEU	26	12	w7jj	figs-synecdoche	eat within your city gates and be filled	Here “gates” means towns or cities. Alternate translation: “so that those within your towns may have enough food to eat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1747	DEU	26	13	m9iv		I have brought out of	These are the first words of another statement that the Israelite was supposed to say.
1748	DEU	26	13	br99		neither have I forgotten them	This means that he has obeyed all of God’s commandments.
1749	DEU	26	14	ptc4		General Information:	This continues what the Israelite must say to Yahweh when he gives his tithe to the poor.
1750	DEU	26	14	u6sj		I have not eaten any of it in my mourning	“I have not eaten any of the tithe while I was mourning”
1751	DEU	26	14	at8m	figs-explicit	when I was impure	Here “impure” means the person is unclean according to the Law. God does not allow an unclean person to touch the tithe he is giving to God. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “when I was unclean according to the Law” or “when the law says I cannot touch it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1752	DEU	26	14	i6zz	figs-metonymy	I have listened to the voice of Yahweh my God; I have obeyed everything you have commanded me to do	Here “voice of Yahweh” is a metonym for what Yahweh says. Both statements share similar meanings. They emphasize that the person has obeyed all of God’s commands. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1753	DEU	26	15	q1e2	figs-doublet	from the holy place where you live, from heaven	These two phrases mean the same thing. Alternate translation: “from heaven, your holy dwelling place” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
1754	DEU	26	15	y7c5		a land flowing with milk and honey	This is an idiom. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 6:3](../06/03.md). Alternate translation: “a land where plenty of milk and honey flow” or “a land that is excellent for cattle and farming”
1755	DEU	26	16	q8i6	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1756	DEU	26	16	lvb6	figs-metonymy	with all your heart and with all your soul	Here “heart” and “soul” are metonyms for a person’s inner being. These two phrases are used together to mean “completely” or “earnestly.” See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
1757	DEU	26	17	v3dx	figs-parallelism	that you will walk in his ways and keep his statutes, his commandments, and his decrees, and that you will listen to his voice	The words “walk,” “keep,” and “listen” have similar meanings here. Here “voice” refers to what God has said. Alternate translation: “that you will completely obey everything Yahweh commands” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1758	DEU	26	18	c7hk	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1759	DEU	26	18	wri1		a people who are his own possession	“a people who belong to him”
1760	DEU	26	19	q8jb	figs-idiom	he will set you high above	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “he will make you more important than” or “he will make you greater than” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1761	DEU	26	19	p58x		he will set you high above all the other nations that he has made, and you will receive praise, fame, and honor	This could mean: (1) “he will cause you to become greater than any other nation that he has established, and he will enable you to praise him and honor him” or (2) “he will have people praise you more than they praise every other nation that he has made; people will say that you are better than any other nation, and they will honor you.”
1762	DEU	26	19	lg4i	figs-metaphor	You will be a people that is set apart to Yahweh your God	Yahweh choosing the people of Israel to belong to him in a special way is spoken of as if Yahweh set them apart from all other nations. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh your God will set you apart from other nations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1763	DEU	27	intro	uy69			# Deuteronomy 27 General Notes<br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### “May the man be cursed”<br>This phrase is repeated several times in this chapter. This parallelism serves as a warning to the Israelites when they will live in the Promised Land. This is part of the covenant Yahweh made with Moses. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])
1764	DEU	27	1	mu7e	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so except where noted, the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1765	DEU	27	1	ya1q	figs-you	command you today	Moses is speaking to the Israelites as a group, so the word “you” is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1766	DEU	27	1	g7rq		I command	Here “I” refers to Moses. The elders are there in agreement with Moses, but he is the only one speaking.
1767	DEU	27	2	yul5	figs-you	you will pass	Moses is speaking to the Israelites as a group, so the word “you” is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1768	DEU	27	2	c7s3	figs-explicit	plaster them with plaster	Plaster is usually a mixture of lime, sand, and water that is spread on something. It dries to form a hard, smooth surface on which a person can write. Alternate translation: “spread plaster on them” or “make them so you can write on them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1769	DEU	27	3	yd13	figs-idiom	a land flowing with milk and honey	This is an idiom. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 6:3](../06/03.md). Alternate translation: “a land where plenty of milk and honey flow” or “a land that is excellent for cattle and farming” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1770	DEU	27	4	rjy8	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1771	DEU	27	4	l6gl	figs-you	you have passed … set up … I am commanding you	Moses is addressing the Israelites as a group, so the instances of “you” and the command “set up” are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1772	DEU	27	4	gk8x		plaster them with plaster	“spread plaster on them” or “make them so you can write on them.” See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 27:2](../27/02.md).
1773	DEU	27	4	vvi2		Mount Ebal	This is a mountain near Shechem. See how you translated it in [Deuteronomy 11:29](../11/29.md).
1774	DEU	27	5	ebq3	figs-explicit	you must raise no iron tool to work the stones	This refers to the chisels that would make the stones smoother, in order that they might fit together better. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “you will not shape the altar stones with iron tools” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1775	DEU	27	6	c115	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1776	DEU	27	6	y47u		unworked stones	stones in their natural shape that no one has shaped with metal tools
1777	DEU	27	8	fa2n		write on the stones	This refers to the stones they were to set up on Mount Ebal and cover with plaster. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 27:2](../27/02.md) and [Deuteronomy 27:4](./04.md).
1778	DEU	27	9	dv5w	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1779	DEU	27	10	q49w	figs-metonymy	obey the voice of Yahweh your God	Here the metonym “voice of Yahweh” refers to what he says. Alternate translation: “obey what Yahweh your God says” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1780	DEU	27	10	f9l6		I am commanding	Moses is commanding. The Levites are there in agreement with Moses, but he is the only one speaking.
1781	DEU	27	12	p66t	figs-metonymy	These tribes	Here the metonym “tribes” refers to the people from the tribes of Simeon, Levi, Judah, Issachar, Joseph, and Benjamin. Alternate translation: “The people from these tribes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1782	DEU	27	12	s7rz		Mount Gerizim	A small mountain north of Mount Ebal. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 11:29](../11/29.md).
1783	DEU	27	12	rsu5		Joseph	This combines the tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh, who were descendants of Joseph.
1784	DEU	27	13	ax7s		Mount Ebal	See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 11:29](../11/29.md).
1785	DEU	27	13	p9b6		pronounce curses	“say in a loud voice how Yahweh will curse Israel”
1786	DEU	27	15	pp2u	figs-activepassive	May the man be cursed … sets it up in secret	This is the statement the Levites must shout to all the people of Israel. It may be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “May Yahweh curse the person … sets it up in secret” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1787	DEU	27	15	ne2d	figs-idiom	the work of the hands of a craftsman	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “something a man has made” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1788	DEU	27	15	jjw2		craftsman	a man who knows how to make things well
1789	DEU	27	16	m7ef		General Information:	Moses continues telling the Levites and the people what they must say.
1790	DEU	27	16	igu1	figs-activepassive	May the man be cursed	This may be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “May Yahweh curse the man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1791	DEU	27	17	api7	figs-explicit	who removes his neighbor’s landmark	The full meaning of the statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “who takes land away from his neighbor by moving the markers on the borders of his land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1792	DEU	27	18	s55n		General Information:	Moses continues telling the Levites and the people what they must say.
1793	DEU	27	18	f4in	figs-activepassive	May the man be cursed	This may be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 27:16](../27/16.md). Alternate translation: “May Yahweh curse the man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1794	DEU	27	19	b9gc	figs-metaphor	uses force to take away the justice due to a foreigner … widow	Moses speaks of justice as if it were a physical object that a stronger person can violently pull away from a weaker person. Your language might have one word that means “use force to take away.” See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 24:17](../24/17.md). Alternate translation: “treats a foreigner … widow unfairly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1795	DEU	27	19	ed5u		fatherless	These are children whose parents have both died and do not have relatives to care for them.
1796	DEU	27	19	cnk8		widow	This means a woman whose husband has died and has no children to care for her in her old age.
1797	DEU	27	20	fzq9		General Information:	Moses continues telling the Levites and the people what they must say.
1798	DEU	27	20	s47r	figs-activepassive	May the man be cursed	This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 27:16](../27/16.md). Alternate translation: “May Yahweh curse the man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1799	DEU	27	20	szg5		his father’s wife	This does not refer to the man’s mother, but another wife of his father.
1800	DEU	27	20	jzl8	figs-explicit	he has taken away his father’s rights	When a man marries a woman, only he has the legal right to sleep with her. The full meaning of this statement may be made explicit. Alternate translation: “he has taken away his father’s legal rights” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1801	DEU	27	22	p8ac		General Information:	Moses continues telling the Levites and the people what they must say.
1802	DEU	27	22	zer5	figs-activepassive	May the man be cursed	This may be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 27:16](../27/16.md). Alternate translation: “May Yahweh curse the man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1803	DEU	27	22	rhp9		the daughter of his father, or with the daughter of his mother	This means a man cannot sleep with his sister, even if she has a different mother or father.
1804	DEU	27	24	q772		General Information:	Moses continues telling the Levites and the people what they must say.
1805	DEU	27	24	n57s	figs-activepassive	May the man be cursed	This may be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 27:16](../27/16.md). Alternate translation: “May Yahweh curse the man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1806	DEU	27	26	mmv3		General Information:	Moses continues telling the Levites and the people what they must say.
1807	DEU	27	26	z9xa	figs-activepassive	May the man be cursed	This may be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 27:16](../27/16.md). Alternate translation: “May Yahweh curse the man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1808	DEU	28	intro	f2wv			# Deuteronomy 28 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Blessings and warnings<br>This chapter explains some of the blessings and warnings associated with Israel’s obedience to the law of Moses. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])
1809	DEU	28	1	cg2q	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1810	DEU	28	1	f13g	figs-metonymy	to the voice of Yahweh your God	Here the metonym “voice of Yahweh” refers to what he says. Alternate translation: “to what Yahweh your God says” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1811	DEU	28	1	nmq7		so as to keep	“and obey”
1812	DEU	28	1	gb5d	figs-metaphor	set you above	Moses speaks of being important or being great as if it were being physically higher, as on a higher hill. Alternate translation: “make you more important than” or “make you greater than” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1813	DEU	28	2	w8tx	figs-metaphor	All these blessings will come on you and overtake you	Moses describes the blessings as a person who would attack them by surprise or chase and catch them. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will bless you like this in ways that will completely surprise you, and it will be as if you cannot escape having him bless you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
1814	DEU	28	3	wiv2	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1815	DEU	28	3	uv27	figs-activepassive	Blessed will you be	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will bless you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1816	DEU	28	3	z33g	figs-merism	in the city … in the field	This merism means that Yahweh will bless them everywhere. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
1817	DEU	28	4	t3s8	figs-idiom	the fruit of your body, and the fruit of your ground, and the fruit of your beasts	These idioms for “your children, and your crops, and all your animals” form a merism for everything the Israelites valued. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
1818	DEU	28	4	t45f	figs-doublet	the fruit of your beasts, the increase of your cattle, and the young of your flock	This doublet is three ways of saying that Yahweh will make the Israelites’ animals many and strong. Alternate translation: “all of your animals along with the calves of the cattle and the lambs of the flocks” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
1819	DEU	28	5	w512	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1820	DEU	28	5	mk51	figs-activepassive	Blessed will be	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will bless” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1821	DEU	28	5	lu31	figs-metonymy	your basket and your kneading trough	Israelites used a basket to carry grain. A “kneading trough” was a bowl they used to mix the grain and make bread. Alternate translation: “all the food you grow and all the food you eat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1822	DEU	28	6	cm5f	figs-merism	when you come in … when you go out	This merism refers to all of life’s activities everywhere they go. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
1823	DEU	28	7	ky89	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1824	DEU	28	7	p5y5	figs-activepassive	cause your enemies who rise up against you to be struck down before you	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “cause you to defeat the armies that attack you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1825	DEU	28	7	u7a7		but will flee before you seven ways	“but they will run away from you in seven directions”
1826	DEU	28	7	x6u8	figs-idiom	seven ways	This is an idiom. The actual number could be more or less than seven. Alternate translation: “in many different directions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1827	DEU	28	8	ppz6	figs-metaphor	Yahweh will command the blessing to come on you in your barns	Moses describes Yahweh blessing the Israelites as if Yahweh were commanding a person to attack them by surprise. Alternate translation: “When Yahweh blesses you, you will be surprised by how much grain you have in your barns” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
1828	DEU	28	8	r2ab	figs-idiom	in all that you put your hand to	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “in everything you do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1829	DEU	28	9	xw3n	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1830	DEU	28	9	a5t2	figs-metaphor	Yahweh will establish you as a people that is set apart for himself	Yahweh choosing the people of Israel to belong to him in a special way is spoken of as if Yahweh put them in a place different from the place all other nations live in. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will make you a holy people that belongs to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1831	DEU	28	10	k3wc	figs-metonymy	you are called by the name of Yahweh	Here the metonym “called by the name of Yahweh” means belonging to him. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh has called you his own” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1832	DEU	28	11	jw4n	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1833	DEU	28	11	i27w	figs-idiom	in the fruit of your body, in the fruit of your cattle, in the fruit of your ground	This is an idiom. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 28:4](../28/04.md). Alternate translation: “with children, animals, and crops” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1834	DEU	28	12	rc3i	figs-metaphor	his storehouse of the heavens	Moses speaks of the clouds from which the rain falls as if they were a building where he stores the rain. Alternate translation: “the clouds” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1835	DEU	28	12	x3c1		at the right time	“when the crops need it”
1836	DEU	28	12	lb4j	figs-synecdoche	all the work of your hand	The word “hand” is a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: “all the work that you do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1837	DEU	28	13	czu1	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1838	DEU	28	13	am9q	figs-metaphor	the head, and not the tail	This metaphor describes the nation of Israel as an animal and means the Israelites will always be the leaders over other nations and never the servants following behind them. The Israelites will be superior in power, money, and honor. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1839	DEU	28	13	yc2s		will be only above … will never be beneath	The Israelites will rule over others but never have others rule them.
1840	DEU	28	13	dhn1	figs-you	I am commanding you	Moses is speaking to all the Israelites, so the word “you” is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1841	DEU	28	14	ce8r	figs-metaphor	if you do not turn away from any of the words that I am commanding you today, to the right hand or to the left, so as to go after other gods to serve them	Disobeying Yahweh and worshiping other gods is spoken of as if a person physically turned and went in a different direction from Yahweh’s words. Alternate translation: “if you do not disobey what I am commanding you today by serving other gods” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1842	DEU	28	15	k4bm	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1843	DEU	28	15	hi33		But if	Here Moses starts describing the curses the people will receive if they disobey.
1844	DEU	28	15	x89v	figs-metonymy	the voice of Yahweh your God	Here the metonym “voice of Yahweh” means what Yahweh says. Alternate translation: “what Yahweh your God is saying” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1845	DEU	28	15	g8p4	figs-metaphor	then all these curses will come on you and overtake you	Moses describes the curses as a person who would attack them by surprise or chase and catch them. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will curse you like this in ways that will completely surprise you, and it will be as if you cannot escape having him curse you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
1846	DEU	28	15	xl16		come on you and overtake you	See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 28:2](../28/02.md).
1847	DEU	28	16	gl2a	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1848	DEU	28	16	nf28	figs-activepassive	Cursed will you be	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will curse you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1849	DEU	28	16	rs5i	figs-merism	in the city … in the field	This merism means that Yahweh will bless them everywhere. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 28:3](../28/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
1850	DEU	28	17	ii5p	figs-metonymy	your basket and your kneading trough	The Israelites used a basket to carry grain. A “kneading trough” was a bowl they used to mix the grain and make bread. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 28:5](../28/05.md). Alternate translation: “all the food you grow and all the food you eat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1851	DEU	28	18	k7ip	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1852	DEU	28	18	nhd7	figs-activepassive	Cursed will be	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will curse” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1853	DEU	28	18	ewg6	figs-idiom	the fruit of your body, the fruit of your ground	This is an idiom for “your children, your crops.” See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 28:4](../28/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1854	DEU	28	18	xsg2	figs-doublet	the increase of your cattle, and the young of your flock	This doublet is two ways of saying that Yahweh will make the Israelites’ animals many and strong. Alternate translation: “the calves of the cattle and the lambs of the flocks” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
1855	DEU	28	19	mk23	figs-merism	when you come in … when you go out	This merism refers to all of life’s activities everywhere they go. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 28:6](../28/06.md) (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
1856	DEU	28	20	p97u	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1857	DEU	28	20	m9t5		curses, confusion, and rebukes	“disasters, fear, and frustration”
1858	DEU	28	20	bcy3	figs-idiom	in all that you put your hand to	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “in everything you do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1859	DEU	28	20	srg3	figs-activepassive	until you are destroyed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “until your enemies destroy you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1860	DEU	28	20	sy2b		forsaken me	Here “me” refers to Yahweh.
1861	DEU	28	21	sup8		cling to you	“remain on you”
1862	DEU	28	22	tj8c	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1863	DEU	28	22	c1zz		infectious diseases, with fever, with inflammation	“diseases and burning fevers that will make you weak.” These all refer to diseases that cause people to grow weak and die.
1864	DEU	28	22	su4y		with drought	“with lack of rain”
1865	DEU	28	22	k5ew		mildew	mold that grows on crops and causes them to rot
1866	DEU	28	22	btm2	figs-personification	These will pursue you	Moses speaks of the bad things that would happen to the Israelites as if they were people or animals who would chase after the Israelites. Alternate translation: “You will suffer from them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
1867	DEU	28	23	alx9	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1868	DEU	28	23	xf1q	figs-metaphor	skies … will be bronze	Moses speaks of the skies being like bronze because there will be no rain. Alternate translation: “skies … will give no rain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1869	DEU	28	23	eb3i	figs-metaphor	the earth … will be iron	Moses speaks of the earth being like iron because no crops will grow. Alternate translation: “nothing will grow from the ground” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1870	DEU	28	24	uz8n		Yahweh will make the rain of your land into powder and dust	“instead of rain, Yahweh will send sandstorms”
1871	DEU	28	24	zt41	figs-activepassive	until you are destroyed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “until it destroys you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1872	DEU	28	25	b1re	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1873	DEU	28	25	z7yb	figs-activepassive	Yahweh will cause you to be struck down before your enemies	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will cause your enemies to strike you down” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1874	DEU	28	25	yi77		to be struck down before	See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 28:7](../28/07.md).
1875	DEU	28	25	yfp6	translate-numbers	will flee before them seven ways	This means the Israelites will be afraid and panic and run away from their enemies. See similar wording in [Deuteronomy 28:7](../28/07.md). Alternate translation: “you will flee in seven directions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1876	DEU	28	25	v9pl	figs-idiom	seven ways	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “in many different directions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1877	DEU	28	25	k6ms	figs-activepassive	You will be tossed to and fro among all the kingdoms	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The peoples of the other nations will drive you from one nation to another” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1878	DEU	28	27	wb3q	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1879	DEU	28	27	q4ig		the boils of Egypt	“the same skin disease with which I cursed the Egyptians”
1880	DEU	28	27	gf18		boils … ulcers, scurvy, and itch	These are different types of skin diseases.
1881	DEU	28	27	kvf6	figs-activepassive	from which you cannot be healed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “from which no one will be able to heal you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1882	DEU	28	29	we8c	figs-simile	You will grope about at noonday like the blind grope in the darkness	“You will be like blind people who grope in darkness even at noonday.” The Israelites will have a difficult life even when everyone else is enjoying life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1883	DEU	28	29	z6va		you will be always oppressed and robbed	“stronger people will always oppress and rob you”
1884	DEU	28	30	zt5j	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1885	DEU	28	31	gh8u	figs-activepassive	Your ox will be slain before your eyes	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You will watch as someone kills your ox” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1886	DEU	28	31	rf3y	figs-activepassive	your donkey will be forcibly taken away from before you and will not be restored to you	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “someone will take your donkey by force and will not give it back” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1887	DEU	28	31	b24n	figs-activepassive	Your sheep will be given to your enemies	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will give your sheep to your enemies” or “I will allow your enemies to take your sheep” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1888	DEU	28	32	wy9p	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1889	DEU	28	32	mic6	figs-activepassive	Your sons and your daughters will be given to other peoples	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will give your sons and your daughters to other peoples” or “Your enemies will take your sons and daughters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1890	DEU	28	32	c24q	figs-synecdoche	your eyes will look for them the entire day, but will fail with longing for them	Here “your eyes” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “you will grow tired as you constantly watch for them and long to see them again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1891	DEU	28	32	lap6	figs-metonymy	There will be no strength in your hand	Here the metonym “strength in your hand” refers to power. “Alternate translation: “You will be powerless to do anything about it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1892	DEU	28	33	xbz3	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1893	DEU	28	33	db4k	figs-metonymy	a nation	Here the metonym “a nation” means the people from a nation. Alternate translation: “people from a nation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1894	DEU	28	33	hvh1	figs-doublet	you will always be oppressed and crushed	The words “oppressed” and “crushed” mean basically the same thing. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they will always oppress and crush you” or “they will oppress you continually” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1895	DEU	28	34	f8mx		you will become insane by what you have to see happen	“what you see will make you go crazy”
1896	DEU	28	35	e9zv	figs-activepassive	from which you cannot be cured	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that no one will be able to cure” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1897	DEU	28	36	k4cu	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1898	DEU	28	37	dwn5	figs-doublet	of horror, a proverb, and a byword, among all the peoples where Yahweh will lead you away	Here the words “proverb” and “byword” mean basically the same thing. This can be translated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: “of horror. The people, in the places where Yahweh will send you, will make up proverbs and bywords about you” or “of horror. Yahweh will send you to peoples who will laugh at you and ridicule you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
1899	DEU	28	37	lz2g		byword	a word or phrase that people use to shame others
1900	DEU	28	38	lcl4	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1901	DEU	28	38	t8st		but will gather little seed in	“but will harvest very little food”
1902	DEU	28	40	ht5h	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues describing God’s curses if the people disobey him. He speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1903	DEU	28	40	e99r		but you will not rub any of the oil on yourself	People would rub olive oil on themselves to make their skin healthy.
1904	DEU	28	40	fi15	figs-explicit	your olive trees will drop their fruit	You may need to make explicit that the fruit drops before it is ripe. Alternate translation: “your olive trees will drop their fruit before the fruit is ripe” or “the olives will fall off your olive trees before they are ripe” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1905	DEU	28	42	if6w	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1906	DEU	28	43	cew2	figs-genericnoun	The foreigner who is	This does not mean a specific foreigner but refers to foreigners in general. Alternate translation: “The foreigners who are” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
1907	DEU	28	43	j1wi	figs-idiom	rise up above you higher and higher; you yourself will come down lower and lower	This idiom means foreigners will have more power, money, and honor than the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1908	DEU	28	44	ls98	figs-genericnoun	He will … to him	This does not mean a specific foreigner (verse 43) but refers to foreigners in general. Alternate translation: “They will … to them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
1909	DEU	28	44	wu98	figs-metaphor	he will be the head, and you will be the tail	This means foreigners will have more power and authority than the Israelites. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Deuteronomy 28:13](../28/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1910	DEU	28	45	lv3p	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1911	DEU	28	45	l54e	figs-metaphor	All these curses will come on you and will pursue and overtake you until you are destroyed	Moses describes the curses as a person who would attack them by surprise or chase and catch them. See how you translated something similar in [Deuteronomy 28:2](../28/02.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh will curse you like this in ways that will completely surprise you, and it will be as if he is chasing you and you cannot escape having him curse you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
1912	DEU	28	45	sp9j	figs-metonymy	to the voice of Yahweh your God	Here the words “voice of Yahweh” are a metonym for what Yahweh said. Alternate translation: “to what Yahweh your God said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1913	DEU	28	45	tb8t	figs-doublet	his commandments and his regulations	The words “commandments” and “regulations” are a doublet for “all that Yahweh has commanded you to do.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
1914	DEU	28	47	epc2	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1915	DEU	28	47	qt75	figs-doublet	joyfulness and gladness of heart	Here “joyfulness” and “gladness of heart” mean the same thing. They emphasize that the people should have been very glad to worship Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
1916	DEU	28	48	y9ia	figs-metaphor	He will put a yoke of iron on your neck	This is a metaphor for Yahweh allowing the enemy to treat the Israelites cruelly and make them slaves. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1917	DEU	28	49	b5tt	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1918	DEU	28	49	yl1h	figs-doublet	from far away, from the ends of the earth	These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize that the enemy will come from a nation that is very far away from Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
1919	DEU	28	49	j169	figs-idiom	from the ends of the earth	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “from places that you know nothing about” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1920	DEU	28	49	bjy5	figs-simile	like an eagle flies to its victim	This means the enemy will come suddenly and the Israelites will not be able to stop them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1921	DEU	28	50	hsb9	figs-metonymy	a nation with a fierce face that does not respect the aged and does not show favor	The word “nation” is a metonym for the people of that nation. Alternate translation: “a nation whose people have fierce expressions, who do not respect the aged and do not show favor” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1922	DEU	28	51	n115	figs-activepassive	until you are destroyed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “until they destroy you” or “until they leave you with nothing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1923	DEU	28	52	e3i5	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues describing the army that will attack the Israelites if they do not obey Yahweh. He speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1924	DEU	28	52	x2h9	figs-synecdoche	you in all your city gates	Here the phrase “city gates” represents a city. Alternate translation: “your cities” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1925	DEU	28	53	vca7	figs-metaphor	the fruit of your own body, the flesh of your sons and of your daughters	Here “the flesh of your sons and of your daughters” explains the metaphor “the fruit of your own body.” The people will be so hungry after the enemy army surrounds their city that they will eat their own children. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1926	DEU	28	53	swr5	figs-metaphor	the fruit of your own body	This speaks of children as if they were fruit that was produced by the bodies of their parents. Alternate translation: “your own children” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1927	DEU	28	54	z4kd	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1928	DEU	28	54	g9qb		who is tender and very delicate among you—he	“who is tender and very delicate among you—even he.” Moses is saying that not only those one would expect to eat their children, but even the last person one would expect to eat his own children will eat his children.
1929	DEU	28	55	h7kb	figs-synecdoche	all your city gates	Here “city gates” represents the cities themselves. Alternate translation: “all your cities” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1930	DEU	28	56	x19d	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1931	DEU	28	56	ayv7	figs-you	The tender and delicate woman among you … tenderness—she	“The tender and delicate woman among you … tenderness—even she.” Moses is saying that not only those one would expect to eat their children, but even women of noble birth and normally very gentle, whom one would never expect to eat their children, will eat their children. The word “you” here is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1932	DEU	28	56	sw1r	figs-hyperbole	who would not venture to put the bottom of her foot on the ground for delicateness and tenderness	Moses is exaggerating. He is emphasizing that this noble woman is so rich and lives in such luxury that she would not allow herself to get dirty. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
1933	DEU	28	56	u5mz	figs-abstractnouns	for delicateness and tenderness	The abstract nouns “delicateness” and “tenderness” can be stated as adjectives. Alternate translation: “because she is so delicate and tender” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1934	DEU	28	57	lnt8	figs-synecdoche	within your city gates	Here “city gates” represents the cities themselves. Alternate translation: “within your cities” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1935	DEU	28	58	x9pf	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1936	DEU	28	58	sw6h	figs-activepassive	that are written	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that I have written” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1937	DEU	28	58	uak2	figs-metonymy	this glorious and fearful name, Yahweh your God	Here the metonym “name” refers to Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: “Yahweh your God who is glorious and awesome” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1938	DEU	28	59	tu25		Yahweh will make your plagues terrible, and those of your descendants	“Yahweh will send terrible plagues on you and your descendants” or “Yahweh will make sure that you and your descendants suffer from terrible plagues”
1939	DEU	28	60	l1p3	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1940	DEU	28	60	c4kp	figs-idiom	He will bring on you again all the diseases of Egypt	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “He will make sure that you again suffer from the diseases of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1941	DEU	28	60	qu7d	figs-idiom	they will cling to you	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “the diseases will not stop, and no one will be able to heal you of them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1942	DEU	28	61	ds4x	figs-hyperbole	every sickness and plague that is not written	Here “every” is a generalization that means “many.” This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “even other sicknesses and plagues that I have not written” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1943	DEU	28	61	p5ww	figs-activepassive	until you are destroyed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “until he has destroyed you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1944	DEU	28	62	l59v	figs-you	You will be left … you were like … you did not listen	Moses is speaking to the Israelites as a group, so all instances of “you” are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1945	DEU	28	62	hu58	figs-simile	you were like the stars of the heavens in number	This means that in the past there were many Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1946	DEU	28	62	j7ul	figs-metonymy	to the voice of Yahweh	Here the metonym “voice of Yahweh” refers to what Yahweh says. Alternate translation: “to what Yahweh says” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1947	DEU	28	63	mhe6	figs-you	Yahweh once rejoiced over you … multiplying you … rejoice over you in making you perish and in destroying you. You will be plucked	Moses is speaking to the Israelites as a group, so all instances of “you” are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1948	DEU	28	63	b3je		Yahweh once rejoiced over you in doing you good, and in multiplying you	“Yahweh once enjoyed doing you good and causing you to become many”
1949	DEU	28	63	eu1a		he will rejoice over you in making you perish	“he will enjoy making you die”
1950	DEU	28	63	imz8	figs-metaphor	You will be plucked off the land that you are going into to possess	Moses uses a metaphor to speak of the people as though they were fruit that Yahweh would take off a bush. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “He will remove you from the land which you are entering to possess” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1951	DEU	28	63	le25	figs-you	you are going	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word “you” is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1952	DEU	28	64	xuc8	figs-you	scatter you … you will worship … you have not known … you nor your ancestors	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1953	DEU	28	64	l3nk	figs-merism	from the one end of the earth to the other end of the earth	These two extremes together mean everywhere on earth. Alternate translation: “throughout the earth” or “all over the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
1954	DEU	28	65	j125	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1955	DEU	28	65	g15k	figs-synecdoche	there will be no rest for the bottoms of your feet	Here the phrase “the bottoms of your feet” refer to the whole person. Alternate translation: “you will have to continually wander because you have no permanent home where you can rest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1956	DEU	28	65	n83i	figs-idiom	Yahweh will give you there a trembling heart, failing eyes, and a soul that mourns	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will cause you to be afraid, without hope, and sad” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1957	DEU	28	66	ckv2	figs-idiom	Your life will hang in doubt before you	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “You will not know whether you will live or die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1958	DEU	28	67	bik8	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1959	DEU	28	67	wac6	figs-idiom	because of the fear in your hearts	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “because of the fear you are feeling” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1960	DEU	28	67	u1ew	figs-synecdoche	the things your eyes will have to see	Here “eyes” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “the terrifying things I will force you to see” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1961	DEU	28	68	et6c		I had said	Here “I” refers to Yahweh.
1962	DEU	29	intro	if6j			# Deuteronomy 29 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter is a retelling of the covenant Yahweh made with Moses, along with its blessings and cursing. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]])
1963	DEU	29	1	nsu8		These are the words that Yahweh commanded Moses to tell	This refers to words that Moses is about to speak.
1964	DEU	29	1	b8p6		in the land of Moab	This is on the east side of the Jordan where the Israelites were staying before they entered the land of Canaan. “while they were in the land of Moab”
1965	DEU	29	1	b7xy		words that were added to the covenant … at Horeb	These additional commands were given to make Yahweh’s covenant apply better to the people once they were settled in their new land. These new commands did not belong to a different covenant, but rather were additions to the original covenant.
1966	DEU	29	2	ya5p	figs-synecdoche	You have seen everything that Yahweh did before your eyes	Yahweh expected them to remember what Yahweh had done and they had seen it. Here the “eyes” represent the whole person and emphasize what the person has seen. Alternate translation: “You have seen all that Yahweh did so that you would see and remember what he did” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1967	DEU	29	2	y1s6	figs-you	your eyes	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word “your” here is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1968	DEU	29	3	al38	figs-synecdoche	the great sufferings that your eyes saw	Here “eyes” emphasizes that Yahweh expected them to remember that they had seen it. Alternate translation: “you saw for yourselves that the people suffered terribly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1969	DEU	29	3	tl81	figs-doublet	the signs, and those great wonders	The words “signs” and “wonders” both refer to the plagues that Yahweh had sent upon Egypt. Alternate translation: “and all of the powerful things that Yahweh did” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
1970	DEU	29	4	mh61	figs-metonymy	Yahweh has not given you a heart to know, eyes to see, or ears to hear	The people do have hearts, eyes, and ears. This metonym says that Yahweh has not enabled them to understand from what they saw and heard who Yahweh is, and how and why they should obey him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1971	DEU	29	4	u59c	figs-idiom	given you a heart to know	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “enabled you to understand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1972	DEU	29	5	p5xi		I have led you	Yahweh is speaking to the people of Israel.
1973	DEU	29	5	rbp5	translate-numbers	forty years	“40 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1974	DEU	29	5	g59z	figs-you	your sandals … your feet	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word “your” here is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1975	DEU	29	6	cv6m		other alcoholic drinks	Alcoholic drinks made probably from fermented grains. They were not distilled liquors.
1976	DEU	29	7	d31m		Sihon, the king of Heshbon, and Og, the king of Bashan	See how you translated these names in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md).
1977	DEU	29	7	i2yh	figs-exclusive	came out against us	Here “us” refers to Moses and the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
1978	DEU	29	9	ze3j	figs-parallelism	keep the words of this covenant and do them	These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize that the people were to obey Yahweh’s commands. Alternate translation: “obey all the words of this covenant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1979	DEU	29	10	it8r		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
1980	DEU	29	11	b36y	figs-you	among you in your camp … your wood … your water	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1981	DEU	29	11	vw3v	figs-genericnoun	the foreigner who is among you in your camp, from him who cuts your wood to him who draws	There were many foreigners among the Israelites. Alternate translation: “the foreigners who are among you in your camp, from those who cut your wood to those who get your water” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
1982	DEU	29	12	p568	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1983	DEU	29	12	yb79		to enter into the covenant of Yahweh your God and into the oath that Yahweh your God is making with you today	“to agree to the covenant and to swear that you will obey all that Yahweh your God commands”
1984	DEU	29	13	nv7p		a people for himself	“a people group that belongs to him alone”
1985	DEU	29	14	p3sa		I am making	Here “I” refers to Yahweh. “Yahweh is making”
1986	DEU	29	15	sv23		standing here with us	Here “us” refers to Moses and the people of Israel.
1987	DEU	29	15	n738		those who are not here	“our future descendants, who are not here”
1988	DEU	29	16	ef56		we lived	“we were slaves”
1989	DEU	29	18	tf4z	figs-synecdoche	whose heart is turning away today from Yahweh our God	Here “heart” refers to the whole person, and “turning away” means to stop obeying. Alternate translation: “who no longer obeys Yahweh our God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1990	DEU	29	18	yq9n	figs-metaphor	any root that produces gall and wormwood	Moses speaks of someone who secretly worships another God as if he were a root, and the evil deeds he does to serve that god, and which he encourages others to do, as a bitter plant that poisons people. Alternate translation: “any person who worships idols and causes others to disobey Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1991	DEU	29	19	u5ww		that person	The person described in verse 18.
1992	DEU	29	19	ydt9	figs-idiom	bless himself in his heart	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “congratulate himself” or “encourage himself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1993	DEU	29	19	l8ar	figs-idiom	though I walk in the stubbornness of my heart	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “even though I still refuse to obey Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1994	DEU	29	19	rq4s	figs-metaphor	This would destroy the wet together with the dry	Here the words “wet” and “dry” are metaphors for the righteous people and the wicked people. This forms a merism for “everyone.” Alternate translation: “This would cause Yahweh to destroy both the righteous people and the wicked people in the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
1995	DEU	29	19	qq8r	figs-nominaladj	wet … dry	These nominal adjectives can be translated as nouns. Because the land was usually dry and the people needed rain so their crops would grow, these words are metaphors for “living … dead” or “good … bad.” Alternate translation: “wet things … dry things” or “good people … bad people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1996	DEU	29	20	zp3x	figs-metaphor	the anger of Yahweh and his jealousy will smolder	Just as a fire can grow in intensity, so can God’s anger and Jealousy grow in intensity. Alternate translation: “Yahweh’s jealous anger will grow like a fire” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1997	DEU	29	20	ud3q	figs-hendiadys	the anger of Yahweh and his jealousy	Here the word “jealousy” describes “the anger of Yahweh.” Alternate translation: Yahweh’s jealous anger” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
1998	DEU	29	20	c39z	figs-activepassive	that are written	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that I have written” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1999	DEU	29	20	v4lv	figs-metaphor	the curses that are written in this book will come on him	Moses describes the curses as a person who would attack them by surprise. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 28:15](../28/15.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh will curse him with the curses written in this book in ways that will completely surprise him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2000	DEU	29	20	h57e		Yahweh will blot out his name from under heaven	This means God will completely destroy the person and his family. In the future people will not remember him. A similar phrase appears in [Deuteronomy 7:24](../07/24.md).
2001	DEU	29	22	j9qf		The generation to come, your children who will rise up after you	The words “your children … after you” tell who “the generation to come” is.
2002	DEU	29	23	n8yz		when they see that the whole land has become sulfur and burning salt	People put sulfur and salt on the soil to keep anything from growing. “when they see that Yahweh has burned the land with sulfur and salt”
2003	DEU	29	23	g15s	figs-activepassive	where nothing is sown or bears fruit	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “where no one can sow seed and the crops do not bear fruit” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2004	DEU	29	23	bw2x		like the overthrow of Sodom and Gomorrah	The abstract noun “overthrow” can be translated as a clause. Alternate translation: “as when Yahweh completely destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah”
2005	DEU	29	23	j85x	translate-names	Admah and Zeboyim	These are names of cities that Yahweh destroyed along with Sodom and Gomorrah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2006	DEU	29	24	j5xg	figs-quotations	they will say together with all the other nations … mean?	This can be translated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “they will ask with all the other nations why Yahweh has done this to the land, and what the heat of this great anger means.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
2007	DEU	29	24	z3lu		they will say together with all the other nations	“your descendants and the people of all the other nations will say”
2008	DEU	29	24	v7xx	figs-hendiadys	What does the heat of this great anger mean?	The writer is communicating one idea through two words. Alternate translation: “What does this terrible anger mean?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
2009	DEU	29	25	j9gr		It is because they abandoned the covenant of Yahweh, the God of their ancestors	This is the answer to “Why has Yahweh done this to this land?” ([Deuteronomy 29:24](../29/24.md)). “Yahweh has done this to the land because the Israelites did not follow the promises and the laws of his covenant”
2010	DEU	29	26	p4qx		served other gods and bowed down to them	“obeyed other gods and worshiped them”
2011	DEU	29	27	p8ms	figs-metaphor	the anger of Yahweh has been kindled against this land	Moses compares Yahweh being angry to someone starting a fire. This emphasizes God’s power to destroy whatever makes him angry, and it can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh has became very angry with this land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2012	DEU	29	27	p9t6	figs-metonymy	this land, so as to bring on it	Here “land” is a metonym representing the people. Alternate translation: “the people of this land, so as to bring on them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2013	DEU	29	27	wp7h	figs-activepassive	that are written	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that I have written” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2014	DEU	29	28	q4kt	figs-metaphor	Yahweh has uprooted them from their land … and has thrown them	Israel is compared to a bad plant that Yahweh has pulled up and thrown out of a garden. Alternate translation: “Yahweh has removed them from their land … and has forced them to go” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2015	DEU	29	28	jz72	figs-doublet	in anger, in wrath, and in great fury	The words “anger” and “wrath” and “fury” mean basically the same thing and emphasize the great intensity of Yahweh’s anger. Alternate translation: “in extremely great anger” or “because he was extremely angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
2016	DEU	29	29	d1e5		The secret matters belong alone to Yahweh our God	“Some things Yahweh our God has not revealed, and only he knows them”
2017	DEU	29	29	v7va	figs-activepassive	that are revealed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that he has revealed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2018	DEU	29	29	ui8w		we may do all the words of this law	“we may do everything that this law commands us to do”
2019	DEU	30	intro	yx9f			# Deuteronomy 30 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Moses begins to give final instructions to Israel before his death in anticipation of their entrance into the Promised Land. There were warnings and blessings associated with the people’s obedience to the covenant Yahweh made with Moses. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])
2020	DEU	30	1	rkk4	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
2021	DEU	30	1	pfr8	figs-idiom	When all these things have come on you	Here “these things” refer to the blessings and curses described in chapters 28-29. The phrase “have come on you” is an idiom that means to happen. Alternate translation: “When all these things happen to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2022	DEU	30	1	k5mi	figs-metaphor	that I have set before you	This speaks of the blessings and curses that Moses told the people as if they were objects that he set in front of them. Alternate translation: “that I have just now told you about” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2023	DEU	30	1	rtn6	figs-idiom	call them to mind	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “remember them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2024	DEU	30	1	qk91		among all the other nations	“while you are living in the other nations”
2025	DEU	30	1	ug75		has driven you	“has forced you to go”
2026	DEU	30	2	edl2	figs-metonymy	obey his voice	Here “voice” is referring to what Yahweh says. Alternate translation: “obey what he says” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2027	DEU	30	2	s239	figs-metonymy	with all your heart and with all your soul	Here “heart” and “soul” are metonyms for a person’s inner being. These two phrases are used together to mean “completely” or “earnestly.” See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
2028	DEU	30	3	m7q5	figs-abstractnouns	reverse your captivity	“free you from your captivity.” The abstract noun “captivity” can be translated as a verbal clause. Alternate translation: “free you from those who had captured you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2029	DEU	30	4	icb7	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
2030	DEU	30	4	g129		If any of your exiled people are in the farthest places	“Even those of your exiled people who are in the farthest places”
2031	DEU	30	4	w6nm		under the heavens	“under the sky” or “on the earth”
2032	DEU	30	6	iv7f	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
2033	DEU	30	6	dul8	figs-metaphor	circumcise your heart	This is not a literal removal of flesh. It means God will remove their sin and enable them to love and obey him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2034	DEU	30	6	d25z	figs-metonymy	with all your heart and with all your soul	Here “heart” and “soul” are metonyms for a person’s inner being. These two phrases are used together to mean “completely” or “earnestly.” See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
2035	DEU	30	7	n367	figs-metaphor	will put all these curses on your enemies	Moses speaks of curses as though they were a load or a cover that someone could physically put on top of a person. Alternate translation: “will cause your enemies to suffer from these curses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2036	DEU	30	8	fpp4	figs-metonymy	obey the voice of Yahweh	Here “voice” means what Yahweh says. Alternate translation: “obey what Yahweh says” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2037	DEU	30	9	k3dd	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
2038	DEU	30	9	ws1q	figs-synecdoche	the work of your hand	Here “hand” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “in all the work you do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2039	DEU	30	9	r217	figs-idiom	in the fruit of your body … in the fruit of your cattle … in the fruit of your ground	These three phrases are idioms for “in children … in calves … in crops.” See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 28:4](../28/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2040	DEU	30	10	w16u	figs-activepassive	that are written	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that I have written” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2041	DEU	30	10	vv69	figs-metonymy	with all your heart and all your soul	Here “heart” and “soul” are metonyms for a person’s inner being. These two phrases are used together to mean “completely” or “earnestly.” See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
2042	DEU	30	11	lxg9	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
2043	DEU	30	11	wls8	figs-metaphor	neither is it too far for you to reach	Moses speaks of being able to understand what a commandment requires a person to do as if it were that person being able to reach a physical object. Alternate translation: “neither is it too difficult for you to understand what Yahweh requires you to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2044	DEU	30	12	lu7s	figs-rquestion	Who will go up for us to heaven and bring it down to us and make us able to hear it, so that we may do it?	Here Moses uses a rhetorical question to emphasize that the people of Israel think that Yahweh’s commands are too difficult for them to know. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Someone must travel to heaven to learn God’s commands and then return to tell us what they are so we can obey them.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2045	DEU	30	13	nd92	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
2046	DEU	30	13	fw31	figs-rquestion	Who will go over the sea for us and bring it to us and make us to hear it, so that we may do it?	This rhetorical question continues the idea that the people of Israel think Yahweh’s commands are too difficult to know. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Someone must travel across the sea to learn God’s commands and then return and tell us what they are.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2047	DEU	30	14	p17g	figs-metonymy	in your mouth and your heart	This means that the people already know God’s commands and can tell them to others. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2048	DEU	30	15	m7gm	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
2049	DEU	30	15	d23f	figs-metaphor	I have placed before you	Putting something where another person can see it is a metaphor for telling someone about something. Alternate translation: “I have told you about” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2050	DEU	30	15	bn6k	figs-explicit	life and good, death and evil	You can make clear the implicit information. Alternate translation: “what is good and will cause you to live, and what is evil and will cause you to die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2051	DEU	30	16	jh9g		multiply	increase greatly in number
2052	DEU	30	17	ej9a	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
2053	DEU	30	17	a2vl	figs-synecdoche	if your heart turns away … but instead are drawn away and bow down to other gods and worship them	Here “heart” refers to the whole person. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “if you stop being loyal to God … and the people living in the land convince you to bow down and worship other gods” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2054	DEU	30	18	sr3z	figs-you	to you today that you … you will not prolong your days	Moses speaks to the Israelites as a group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
2055	DEU	30	18	ee9y	figs-metaphor	prolong your days	Long days are a metaphor for a long life. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:26](../04/26.md). Alternate translation: “be able to live a long time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2056	DEU	30	19	t3ji	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so except where noted the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
2057	DEU	30	19	gap6	figs-metonymy	I call heaven and earth to witness	This could mean: (1) Moses is calling on all those who live in heaven and earth to be witnesses to what he says, or (2) Moses is speaking to heaven and earth as if they are people, and he is calling them to be witnesses to what he says (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])
2058	DEU	30	19	qj9t		to witness against you	“to be willing to say that you have done evil things”
2059	DEU	30	19	wxe8	figs-you	against you today	Moses speaks to the Israelites as a group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
2060	DEU	30	20	k5mz	figs-metonymy	obey his voice	Here “voice” refers to what Yahweh says. Alternate translation: “obey what he says” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2061	DEU	30	20	sbp2		to cling to him	“to rely on him”
2062	DEU	30	20	x4gp	figs-doublet	For he is your life and the length of your days	These phrases have the same meaning and are metonyms for Yahweh, emphasizing that he is the one who gives life and determines the length of people’s lifetimes. Alternate translation: “Yahweh is the only one who can enable you to live a long life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2063	DEU	30	20	qi8g	figs-ellipsis	swore to your ancestors	The ellipsis can be filled in. Alternate translation: “swore that he would give to your ancestors” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
2064	DEU	31	intro	pki9			# Deuteronomy 31 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Final instructions<br>In the Ancient Near East, it was common for an important leader to give instructions for his people to follow after his death. In this chapter, Moses begins his final words to the people of Israel. These are words that he wants them to remember long after he is gone. This section also helped to make a smooth transition to Joshua’s leadership.
2065	DEU	31	2	mb3i	translate-numbers	one hundred twenty years old	“120 years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
2066	DEU	31	2	bvw8	figs-merism	I can no more go out and come in	Here the extremes “go out” and “come in” used together mean that Moses can no longer do what a healthy person can do. Alternate translation: “I am no longer able to go everywhere that you need to go, so I cannot be your leader any longer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
2067	DEU	31	3	ep95	figs-you	your God … before you … before you … you will dispossess … before you	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
2068	DEU	31	3	cll7		you will dispossess them	“you will take their land”
2069	DEU	31	3	p8q6		Joshua, he will go over before you, as Yahweh has spoken	“Joshua will lead you across the river, as Yahweh promised”
2070	DEU	31	4	nu6r		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the Israelites.
2071	DEU	31	4	b8wj	figs-synecdoche	he did to Sihon and to Og, the kings of the Amorites	Here “Sihon” and “Og” refer to two Kings of the Amorites and their armies. See how you translated these names in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md). Alternate translation: “he did to Sihon and Og, the kings of the Amorites, and to their armies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2072	DEU	31	6	m79v		Be strong and of good courage	“Be strong and courageous”
2073	DEU	31	6	lr5n		fear not, and do not be afraid of them	“do not fear them at all”
2074	DEU	31	6	i5mi	figs-you	Yahweh your God … with you … fail you nor forsake you	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
2075	DEU	31	6	b7b9	figs-litotes	he will not fail you nor forsake you	This can be treated as litotes and translated positively. Alternate translation: “he will always fulfill his promise to you and will always be with you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
2076	DEU	31	7	s174	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
2077	DEU	31	7	r36v	figs-metonymy	in the sight of all Israel	This means that all of the people of Israel were present. Alternate translation: “in the presence of all the Israelites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2078	DEU	31	7	ht4a		Be strong and of good courage	“Be strong and courageous.” See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 31:5](../31/05.md).
2079	DEU	31	7	t7sv		you will cause them to inherit it	“you will help them take the land”
2080	DEU	31	9	a6vj		gave it out to the priests, the sons of Levi	“gave it out to the Levites, who are the priests”
2081	DEU	31	10	ani6	translate-numbers	seven years	“7 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
2082	DEU	31	10	sy4p		fixed for the cancellation of debts	“for canceling debts”
2083	DEU	31	10	d2me		Festival of Shelters	Other names for this festival are “Feast of Tabernacles,” “Festival of Booths,” and “Feast of the Ingathering.” During harvest, farmers would set up temporary shelters in the field. This festival took place after the last harvest of the year. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 16:13](../16/13.md).
2084	DEU	31	11	pt7m	figs-you	Yahweh your God … you will read	- Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
2085	DEU	31	11	c11z		in their hearing	“so that they can hear it”
2086	DEU	31	12	rlg2		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the priests and the elders.
2087	DEU	31	12	rtx9	figs-synecdoche	your foreigner who is within your city gates	Here “city gates” represents the cities themselves. Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the instances of “your” here are singular. Alternate translation: “your foreigners who live in your cities” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
2088	DEU	31	12	j1rq		keep all the words of this law	“carefully obey all the commands in this law”
2089	DEU	31	14	ji2r		Look, the	“Pay attention to what I am about to tell you. The”
2090	DEU	31	15	m71w		a pillar of cloud	This was a thick cloud of smoke in the shape of an upright column.
2091	DEU	31	16	f7i5		Look, you	“Pay attention to what I am going to tell you. You”
2092	DEU	31	16	m76m	figs-euphemism	you will sleep with your fathers	This is a polite way to say “you will die.” Alternate translation: “you will die and join your ancestors who have died before you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
2093	DEU	31	16	d9q3	figs-metaphor	will rise up and act like a prostitute	Being a prostitute is a metaphor for worshiping gods other than Yahweh. Alternate translation: “will start to be unfaithful to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2094	DEU	31	17	b1z8		General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
2095	DEU	31	17	l9kj	figs-metaphor	my anger will be kindled against them	Yahweh compares his anger to someone starting a fire. This emphasizes God’s power to destroy whatever makes him angry. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will kindle my anger against them” or “I will become angry with them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2096	DEU	31	17	zg57	figs-idiom	I will hide my face from them	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “I will not help them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2097	DEU	31	17	zr99	figs-activepassive	they will be devoured	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will devour them” or “I will allow their enemies to devour them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2098	DEU	31	17	sz2f	figs-metaphor	devoured	This is a metaphor for “completely destroyed.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2099	DEU	31	17	qw7g	figs-personification	Many disasters and troubles will find them	This describes the disasters and troubles as if they were human. Alternate translation: “They will experience many disasters and troubles” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2100	DEU	31	17	l3ge	figs-personification	Have these disasters not come upon us … midst?	This describes the disasters and troubles as if they were human. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “These disasters are destroying me … midst.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2101	DEU	31	17	m6pv		our God is not in our midst	“God is no longer protecting us” or “God has left us alone”
2102	DEU	31	19	j9x4		General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses about the Israelites.
2103	DEU	31	19	h2xq	figs-idiom	Put it in their mouths	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “Make them memorize and sing it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2104	DEU	31	20	i9lu		a land flowing with milk and honey	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “a land where plenty of milk and honey flow” or “a land that is excellent for cattle and farming” See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 6:3](../06/03.md).
2105	DEU	31	21	z4dq	figs-personification	When many evils and troubles come upon this people	Here evils and troubles are described as if they were human and could find people. Alternate translation: “When this people experiences many evils and troubles” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2106	DEU	31	21	x1jh	figs-personification	this song will testify before them as a witness	This speaks of the song as if it were a human witness testifying in court against Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2107	DEU	31	21	tb8b	figs-activepassive	it will not be forgotten from the mouths of their descendants	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “their descendants will not forget to keep it in their mouths” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2108	DEU	31	21	s5je	figs-activepassive	it will not be forgotten from the mouths of their descendants	This can be stated positively. Alternate translation: “their descendants will remember to keep it in their mouths” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2109	DEU	31	21	fly7	figs-activepassive	it will not be forgotten from the mouths of their descendants	The idiom “forget it from the mouth” means to stop speaking about it. Alternate translation: “their descendants will not stop speaking about it to each other” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2110	DEU	31	21	th4p	figs-metaphor	the plans that they are forming	What people plan to do is spoken of as if it were a physical object. Alternate translation: “what they plan to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2111	DEU	31	21	y4kp	figs-explicit	the land that I promised	God’s promise of the land was to give it to the people of Israel. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “the land that I promised I would give to them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2112	DEU	31	23	g5sl		Be strong and of good courage	“Be strong and courageous.” See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 31:5](../31/05.md).
2113	DEU	31	26	f3zd	figs-you	witness against you	Moses speaks to the Levites as if they were one man, so the word “you” is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
2114	DEU	31	27	q9j8		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the Levites about all the Israelite people.
2115	DEU	31	27	dc8v	figs-you	your rebellion and your stiff neck	Moses speaks to the Levites as if they were one man, so the word “your” is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
2116	DEU	31	27	e3am		your stiff neck	See how you translated “stubborn” in [Deuteronomy 9:6](../09/06.md).
2117	DEU	31	27	yin7	figs-rquestion	how much more after my death?	This rhetorical question emphasizes how rebellious the people were. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “you will be even more rebellious after I die.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2118	DEU	31	28	ge9z	figs-synecdoche	so that I may speak these words in their ears	Here “in their ears” means the people themselves. Alternate translation: “so that I may speak the words of this song to them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2119	DEU	31	28	rbf8	figs-metonymy	call heaven and earth to witness against them	This could mean: (1) Moses is calling on all those who live in heaven and earth to be witnesses to what he says or (2) Moses is speaking to heaven and earth as if they are people, and he is calling them to be witnesses to what he says. A similar phrase appears in [Deuteronomy 30:19](../30/19.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])
2120	DEU	31	29	h4je		you will utterly corrupt yourselves	“you will do what is completely wrong.” See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:16](../04/16.md).
2121	DEU	31	29	w6b1		turn aside out of the path that I have commanded you	“stop following the instructions I have given to you.” See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 9:12](../09/12.md).
2122	DEU	31	29	yvi1	figs-metaphor	what is evil in the sight of Yahweh	The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: “what is evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2123	DEU	31	29	i596	figs-synecdoche	through the work of your hands	Here “your hands” means the people themselves. Alternate translation: “because of what you have made” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2124	DEU	31	30	upf2	figs-synecdoche	Moses recited in the ears of all the assembly of Israel	Here “ears” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “Moses recited to all the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2125	DEU	31	30	ilp6		recited	This could mean: (1) “sang” or (2) “spoke.”
2126	DEU	31	30	wx6q	figs-ellipsis	the words of this song	You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “the words of the song that Yahweh taught him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
2127	DEU	32	intro	pup6			# Deuteronomy 32 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetic song in 32:1-43.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Punishment<br>This chapter prophesies a time when Israel will be disobedient to Yahweh and he will have to punish them. This is meant to serve as a warning to the nation. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
2128	DEU	32	1	bfi8	figs-parallelism	General Information:	Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2129	DEU	32	1	hf89	figs-apostrophe	Give ear, you heavens … Let the earth listen	Yahweh speaks to the heavens and earth as if they are there listening. This could mean: (1) Yahweh is speaking to the inhabitants of heaven and earth or (2) Yahweh is speaking to the heavens and earth as if they are persons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])
2130	DEU	32	2	zk7l	figs-simile	Let my teaching drop down like the rain … and like the showers on the plants	This means Yahweh wants the people to eagerly accept his helpful teaching. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2131	DEU	32	2	x67x		distill	Use the word in your language for the process by which dew appears.
2132	DEU	32	2	s3mw		dew	water that forms on leaves and grass on cool mornings
2133	DEU	32	2	g6mn		tender grass	“new plants”
2134	DEU	32	2	gkm4		showers	heavy rain
2135	DEU	32	3	y1fa	figs-parallelism	General Information:	Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2136	DEU	32	3	bah6	figs-idiom	proclaim the name of Yahweh	This is an idiom. “tell how good Yahweh is” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2137	DEU	32	3	uf82		ascribe greatness to our God	“make sure people know that our God is great”
2138	DEU	32	4	xcv2	figs-metaphor	The Rock	This a proper name that Moses gives to Yahweh, who, like a rock, is strong and able to protect his people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2139	DEU	32	4	vh3k		his work	“everything he does”
2140	DEU	32	4	xtg1	figs-metaphor	all his paths are just	Walking on a path is a metaphor for how a person lives his life. Alternate translation: “he does everything in a just way” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2141	DEU	32	4	j65c	figs-doublet	He is just and upright	These two words mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Yahweh is fair and does what is right. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
2142	DEU	32	5	ehu3	figs-parallelism	General Information:	Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. Moses continues to use parallelism to emphasize what he is saying. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2143	DEU	32	5	exs2		acted corruptly against him	“opposed him by doing what is wrong.” See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:16](../04/16.md).
2144	DEU	32	5	k81b	figs-doublet	a perverted and crooked generation	The words “perverted” and “crooked” mean basically the same thing. Moses uses them to emphasize how wicked the generation is. Alternate translation: “a completely wicked generation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
2145	DEU	32	6	tfw7	figs-rquestion	Do you reward Yahweh in this way … people?	Moses uses a question to scold the people. Alternate translation: “You should give Yahweh proper praise … people.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2146	DEU	32	6	bwz6	figs-doublet	you foolish and senseless people	The words “foolish” and “senseless” mean the same thing and emphasize how foolish the people are for disobeying Yahweh. Alternate translation: “you extremely foolish people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
2147	DEU	32	6	m2g1		your father … has created you … made you and established you	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular.
2148	DEU	32	6	aeq8	figs-rquestion	Is he not your father, the one who has created you?	Moses uses a question to scold the people. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Yahweh is your father and the one who created you.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2149	DEU	32	7	ks26		General Information:	Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel.
2150	DEU	32	7	ki4q	figs-you	Call to mind … think about … your father … show you … your elders … tell you	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
2151	DEU	32	7	a5hd	figs-idiom	Call to mind	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “Remember” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2152	DEU	32	7	ksl4		days of ancient times	“days of long ago.” Moses refers to the time period when the ancestors of the people of Israel were alive.
2153	DEU	32	7	aba7	figs-parallelism	think about the years of many ages past	This is a repetition of what Moses just said in the previous portion. Moses wants the people of Israel to focus on their history as a nation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2154	DEU	32	7	p9u5		he will show you	“he will make it clear to you” or “he will enable you to understand it”
2155	DEU	32	8	q59u	figs-idiom	gave the nations their inheritance	This is an idiom. “put the nations in the places where they would live.” Similar words, “giving to you as an inheritance,” appear in [Deuteronomy 4:21](../04/21.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2156	DEU	32	8	vz2i		he set the boundaries of the peoples, as he also fixed the number of their gods	God assigned each people group, together with its gods, to its own territory. In this way, he limited the influence of a people group’s idols.
2157	DEU	32	9	zcj3	figs-parallelism	General Information:	Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. As he speaks to the Israelites, he talks about them as if they were someone else and as if they were one man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2158	DEU	32	9	j71r	figs-parallelism	For Yahweh’s portion is his people; Jacob is his apportioned inheritance	These two phrases means basically the same thing and can be combined. Alternate translation: “The descendants of Jacob are Yahweh’s inheritance” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2159	DEU	32	10	b2tx		He found him … shielded him and cared for him … guarded him	“He found Jacob … shielded him and cared for him … guarded him” You may need to translate this as if Moses were talking about the Israelites as many people. Alternate translation: “He found our ancestors … shielded them and cared for them … guarded them”
2160	DEU	32	10	lv7u		howling wilderness	Here “howling” refers to the sound the wind makes as it blows through the empty land.
2161	DEU	32	10	q44y	figs-idiom	he guarded him as the apple of his eye	This is an idiom. The apple of an eye refers to the dark part inside the eyeball that allows a person to see. This is a very important and sensitive part of the body. This means that the people of Israel are very important to God and something he protects. Alternate translation: “he protected him as something very valuable and precious” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2162	DEU	32	11	x9dv	figs-parallelism	General Information:	Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2163	DEU	32	11	up27	figs-simile	As an eagle that guards her nest and flutters over her young, Yahweh spread out his wings and took them, and carried them on his pinions	This means Yahweh watched over and protected the Israelites while they were in the desert. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2164	DEU	32	11	wh5r		pinions	the outer edges of a bird’s wings
2165	DEU	32	12	wp5e	figs-pronouns	led him … with him	Moses again speaks of the Israelites as “Jacob” ([Deuteronomy 32:9](./09.md)). You may need to translate as if Moses were speaking of the Israelites as many people. Alternate translation: “led them … with them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
2166	DEU	32	13	kx8r	figs-parallelism	General Information:	Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2167	DEU	32	13	sq4v	figs-idiom	He made him ride on high places of the land	This is an idiom. The word “him” refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “Yahweh made them ride on high places of the land” or “Yahweh helped them take and occupy the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2168	DEU	32	13	jg4h	figs-pronouns	made him ride … fed him … nourished him	Moses continues to speak of the Israelites as “Jacob” ([Deuteronomy 32:9](./09.md)). You may need to translate this as though Moses were speaking of the Israelites as many people. Alternate translation: “made our ancestors ride … fed them … nourished them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
2169	DEU	32	13	t4p5		he fed him the fruits of the field	“he brought him to a land with plenty of crops he could eat”
2170	DEU	32	13	wlf5		he nourished him with honey from the rock, and oil from the flinty crag	The land had many wild bees, which produce honey, with hives inside rock holes. There were also many olive trees, which provide oil, and grow on rocks, hills, and mountains.
2171	DEU	32	13	yp29	figs-metaphor	nourished him with honey	This is like a mother giving her breast to an infant. “allowed him to suck honey” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2172	DEU	32	14	dg9l	figs-parallelism	General Information:	Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. He speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word “you” here is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
2173	DEU	32	14	dt4w	figs-pronouns	He ate	Moses continues to speak of the Israelites as “Jacob” ([Deuteronomy 32:9](./09.md)). You may need to translate as though Moses were speaking of the Israelites as many people. Alternate translation: “Our ancestors ate” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
2174	DEU	32	14	u9ig		fat of lambs, rams of Bashan and goats	The people of Israel had many healthy herd animals.
2175	DEU	32	15	g93y	figs-parallelism	General Information:	Moses continues speaking his poetic song to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2176	DEU	32	15	i1m2	translate-names	Jeshurun	Moses speaks of the Israelites as if they were a well-fed animal whose owner named it Jeshurun. You may add a footnote that says, “The name ‘Jeshurun’ means ‘upright one.’” If your language cannot speak of the Israelites as Jeshurun, you may refer to the Israelites as many people, as the UST does. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2177	DEU	32	15	ly6m	figs-metaphor	the Rock of his salvation	This means Yahweh is strong like a rock and able to protect his people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2178	DEU	32	15	dy92	figs-metaphor	the Rock	This a proper name that Moses gives to Yahweh, who, like a rock, is strong and able to protect his people. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 32:4](../32/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2179	DEU	32	16	a41m		They made Yahweh jealous	The Israelites made Yahweh jealous.
2180	DEU	32	17	u97e	figs-you	General Information:	Moses continues to speak his song to the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
2181	DEU	32	17	c5ir		They sacrificed	“The people of Israel sacrificed”
2182	DEU	32	17	hw1l		gods that recently appeared	This means the Israelites recently learned about these gods.
2183	DEU	32	17	m59h	figs-you	your fathers	Moses is speaking to the Israelites as many people, so the word “your” is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
2184	DEU	32	18	ch18	figs-you	You have deserted … your father … you forgot … gave you	Moses is speaking to the Israelites as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
2185	DEU	32	18	mpu7	figs-metaphor	You have deserted the Rock	Here Yahweh is called the rock because he is strong and protective. Alternate translation: “You have left the protective care of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2186	DEU	32	18	ul7n	figs-metaphor	the Rock	This a proper name that Moses gives to Yahweh, who, like a rock, is strong and able to protect his people. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 32:4](../32/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2187	DEU	32	18	y9b3	figs-metaphor	who became your father … who gave you birth	This compares Yahweh to a father and a mother. This means God caused them to live and to be a nation. Alternate translation: “who fathered you … who gave life to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2188	DEU	32	19	yfx6	figs-parallelism	General Information:	Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2189	DEU	32	19	eca4	figs-metaphor	his sons and his daughters	This refers to the people of Israel whom Yahweh gave life to and made into a nation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2190	DEU	32	20	jv62	figs-idiom	I will hide my face from them	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “I will turn away from them” or “I will stop helping them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2191	DEU	32	20	klx8		I will see what their end will be	“I will see what happens to them”
2192	DEU	32	21	pb9z	figs-parallelism	General Information:	Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. He continues to quote Yahweh’s words. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2193	DEU	32	21	ya83		They have made me jealous	Here “me” refers to Yahweh.
2194	DEU	32	21	sa14		what is not god	“what are false gods”
2195	DEU	32	21	qj69	figs-explicit	worthless things	You may need to make explicit what the “things” are. Alternate translation: “worthless idols” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2196	DEU	32	21	vst4		those who are not a people	“people who do not belong to one people group”
2197	DEU	32	21	zd9q		foolish nation	Translate “foolish” as in [Deuteronomy 32:6](../32/06.md).
2198	DEU	32	22	wb8b	figs-parallelism	General Information:	Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. He continues to quote Yahweh’s words. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2199	DEU	32	22	i1bl	figs-metaphor	For a fire is kindled by my anger … foundations of the mountains	Yahweh compares his anger to a fire. This emphasizes his power to destroy what makes him angry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2200	DEU	32	22	nll8	figs-activepassive	a fire is kindled by my anger and is burning … it is devouring … it is setting	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I start a fire because I am angry, and it burns … it is devouring … it is setting” or “when I am angry, I destroy my enemies like a fire, and I destroy everything on earth and in … I devour … I set” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2201	DEU	32	22	eis3		to the lowest Sheol	“even to the world of the dead”
2202	DEU	32	23	g9k3	figs-parallelism	General Information:	Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. He continues to quote Yahweh’s words. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2203	DEU	32	23	p1xb	figs-metaphor	I will heap disasters on them	Yahweh speaks of bad things that would happen to the Israelites as if they were something like dirt that he could pile up on top of the Israelites. Alternate translation: “I will make sure that many bad things happen to them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2204	DEU	32	23	ys8x	figs-metaphor	I will shoot all my arrows at them	Here Yahweh compares the bad things he will make sure happen to the Israelites to someone shooting arrows from a bow. Alternate translation: “I will do all I can do to kill them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2205	DEU	32	24	vr46	figs-activepassive	They will be wasted by hunger	This can be stated in active form. The abstract noun “hunger” can be translated as the verb “be hungry.” Alternate translation: “They will grow weak and die because they are hungry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2206	DEU	32	24	sj74	figs-activepassive	They will … hunger and devoured by burning heat and bitter destruction	Here, burning heat could mean: (1) the Israelites will suffer from fevers or (2) the weather will be unusually hot during a drought or famine. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They will … hunger, and burning heat and terrible disasters will devour them” or “They will … hunger, and they will die from burning heat and terrible disasters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2207	DEU	32	24	l8d2	figs-synecdoche	I will send on them the teeth of wild animals, with the poison of things that crawl in the dust	The teeth and the poison are synecdoches for the animals that use these things to kill. Alternate translation: “I will send wild animals to bite them, and things that crawl in the dust to bite and poison them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2208	DEU	32	25	ci4t	figs-parallelism	General Information:	Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. He continues to quote Yahweh’s words. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2209	DEU	32	25	fy8e	figs-metonymy	Outside the sword will bereave	Here “sword” represents the army of the enemy. Alternate translation: “When the Israelites are outside, the enemy army will kill them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2210	DEU	32	25	kgf9	figs-personification	terror will do so	Yahweh speaks of being afraid as if it were a person who comes into a house and kills those who live in it. Alternate translation: “you will die because you are afraid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2211	DEU	32	25	mhn4	figs-merism	young man and virgin, the nursing baby, and the man of gray hairs	These terms describing people of different ages are combined to mean that all kinds of people will die. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
2212	DEU	32	26	p3ic	figs-quotations	I said that I would … away, that I would … mankind.	This can be translated as a direct quote. Alternate translation: “I said, ‘I will … away, and I will … mankind.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
2213	DEU	32	26	ly17		I would make the memory of them to cease from among mankind	“I would make all people forget about them”
2214	DEU	32	27	b351	figs-parallelism	General Information:	Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. He continues to quote Yahweh’s words. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2215	DEU	32	27	gg1k		Were it not that I feared the provocation of the enemy	“I was afraid of the provocation of the enemy”
2216	DEU	32	27	vz7e	figs-abstractnouns	the provocation of the enemy	This abstract noun can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: “that the enemy would provoke me” or “that the enemy would cause me to be angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2217	DEU	32	27	lw79	figs-pronouns	the enemy	Yahweh speaks of his enemies as if they are one man. Alternate translation: “my enemy” or “my enemies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
2218	DEU	32	27	w8l7		judge mistakenly	“misunderstand”
2219	DEU	32	27	sbq8	figs-metonymy	Our hand is exalted	Here “hand” represents the strength or power of a person. To be exalted is an idiom for defeating an enemy. Alternate translation: “We have defeated them because we are more powerful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2220	DEU	32	28	uqg7	figs-parallelism	General Information:	Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. He continues to quote Yahweh’s words. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2221	DEU	32	29	p62h	figs-hypo	Oh, that they were wise, that they understood this, that they would consider their coming fate	Moses states something that he wishes were true, but he knows that they are not wise and do not understand that their disobedience will cause Yahweh to bring this disaster on them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
2222	DEU	32	29	c7cm	figs-abstractnouns	their coming fate	The abstract noun “fate” can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: “what is going to happen to them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2223	DEU	32	30	u5ex	figs-parallelism	General Information:	Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. He continues to quote Yahweh’s words and tell them more of what they would have understood if they were wise ([Deuteronomy 32:29](../32/29.md)). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2224	DEU	32	30	qr7h	figs-rquestion	How could one chase a thousand … Yahweh had given them up?	Moses uses a question to scold the people for not being wise enough to understand why their enemies are defeating them. This question can be translated as a statement as in the UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2225	DEU	32	30	vu9l	translate-numbers	How could one chase a thousand, and two put ten thousand to flight	You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “How could 1 enemy soldier chase 1,000 of your men, and 2 enemy soldiers cause 10,000 of your men to run away” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
2226	DEU	32	30	v82y	figs-metaphor	unless their Rock had sold them	The word “Rock” refers to Yahweh who is strong and able to protect his people. Alternate translation: “unless Yahweh, their Rock, had handed them over” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2227	DEU	32	30	tv28	figs-metaphor	their Rock	“The Rock” here is a proper name that Moses gives to Yahweh, who, like a rock, is strong and able to protect his people. Translate “Rock” as in [Deuteronomy 32:4](../32/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2228	DEU	32	31	d2ny	figs-metaphor	our Rock	“The Rock” here is a proper name that Moses gives to Yahweh, who, like a rock, is strong and able to protect his people. Translate “Rock” as in [Deuteronomy 32:4](../32/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2229	DEU	32	31	r1wx		our enemies’ rock is not like our Rock	The enemies’ idols and false gods are not powerful like Yahweh.
2230	DEU	32	31	lbx7		just as even our enemies admit	“not only do we say so, but our enemies say so also”
2231	DEU	32	32	a5z3	figs-parallelism	General Information:	Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. He continues to quote Yahweh’s words. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2232	DEU	32	32	tch7	figs-metaphor	For their vine comes from the vine of Sodom … clusters are bitter	Moses compares enemies who worship false gods to the wicked people who lived in Sodom and Gomorrah and to grapevines that produce poisonous fruit. This means their enemies are wicked and will cause the Israelites to die if the Israelites start to act like the people who live around them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2233	DEU	32	32	l3du	figs-metaphor	their vine comes from the vine of Sodom, and from the fields of Gomorrah	The vine is a metaphor for the people group. “it is as if their vine were a branch of the vines that grew in the fields of Sodom and Gomorrah” or Alternate translation: “they do evil the same way the people who lived in Sodom and Gomorrah did” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2234	DEU	32	32	i5fv		their clusters	“their clusters of grapes”
2235	DEU	32	33	y87k	figs-parallelism	General Information:	Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. He continues to quote Yahweh’s words. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2236	DEU	32	33	zwn7	figs-metaphor	Their wine is the poison of serpents and the cruel venom of asps	Moses continues comparing the enemies of the people of Israel to grapevines that produce poisonous fruit and wine. This means their enemies are wicked. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2237	DEU	32	33	rck8		asps	poisonous snakes
2238	DEU	32	34	eti9	figs-rquestion	Is not this plan secretly kept by me, sealed up among my treasures?	This question emphasizes that Yahweh’s plans for the people of Israel are kept secret like a valuable treasure. The rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. It can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I know what I have planned to do to the Israelite people and to their enemies, and I have locked up those plans as someone would lock up his valuable possessions.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2239	DEU	32	35	wr4g	figs-parallelism	General Information:	Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. This is the end of Moses’s quotation of Yahweh’s words that begins in [Deuteronomy 32:20](../32/20.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2240	DEU	32	35	sg4m	figs-doublet	Vengeance is mine to give, and recompense	The words “vengeance” and “recompense” mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: “I will have vengeance and punish Israel’s enemies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
2241	DEU	32	35	v1h2		recompense	to punish or reward a person for what he has done
2242	DEU	32	35	dj8g	figs-idiom	their foot slips	Something bad has happened to them. Alternate translation: “they are helpless” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2243	DEU	32	35	ad9x		the day of disaster for them	“the time for me to destroy them”
2244	DEU	32	35	jvl7	figs-metaphor	the things that are to come on them will hurry to happen	Yahweh speaks of the bad things that will happen to his enemies as if the bad things were people running eagerly to punish them. Alternate translation: “I will punish them quickly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2245	DEU	32	36	h6tb	figs-parallelism	General Information:	Moses continues to speak a poetic song to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2246	DEU	32	36	z7w2	figs-abstractnouns	For Yahweh will give justice to his people	The abstract noun “justice” can be translated as an adjective or as an adverb. Alternate translation: “For Yahweh will do what is just for his people” or “For Yahweh will act justly towards his people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2247	DEU	32	36	s7w9		he will pity his servants	“he will feel that he needs to help his servants”
2248	DEU	32	37	y7ls	figs-parallelism	General Information:	Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2249	DEU	32	38	en77	figs-rquestion	The gods who ate the fat of their sacrifices and drank the wine of their drink offerings?	Here Yahweh mocks the people of Israel for offering sacrifices to other gods. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “The gods to whom the Israelites offered meat and wine have not come to help them.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2250	DEU	32	38	vtv4	figs-irony	Let them rise up and help you; let them be your protection	Yahweh says this to mock the Israelites. He knows these gods cannot help them. Alternate translation: “These idols are not even able to get up and help or to protect you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
2251	DEU	32	39	rkh6	figs-parallelism	General Information:	Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2252	DEU	32	39	kii3		I, even I	“I, I myself” or “I, I alone.” Yahweh repeats “I” to emphasize that only he is God.
2253	DEU	32	40	wwk7		I lift up my hand to heaven and say	“I lift up my hand to heaven and swear” or “I have taken an oath.” Lifting up the hand is a sign of making an oath.
2254	DEU	32	40	la6k		As I live forever	“As certainly as I live forever” or “I swear by my life which is never-ending.” This statement assures the people that what God says in [Deuteronomy 32:41](../32/41.md)-[Deuteronomy 32:42](./42.md) will happen.
2255	DEU	32	41	zb2k	figs-parallelism	General Information:	Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2256	DEU	32	41	x382	figs-metonymy	When I sharpen my glittering sword	“When I sharpen my shining sword.” This means God is preparing to judge and punish his enemies. Alternate translation: “When I am ready to judge my enemies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2257	DEU	32	41	yfw3	figs-synecdoche	when my hand begins to bring justice	Here “hand” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “when I get ready to judge the wicked” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2258	DEU	32	42	p1fx	figs-parallelism	General Information:	Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2259	DEU	32	42	mma7	figs-metaphor	I will make my arrows drunk with blood, and my sword will devour flesh with the blood	Yahweh speaks of arrows as if they were people to whom he could give alcohol and make them drunk, and of a sword as if it were a person who was so hungry that he would eat an animal before draining the blood out. These metaphors are metonyms for a soldier using arrows and a sword to kill many enemies. This in turn is a metaphor for Yahweh killing his enemies in war. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2260	DEU	32	42	ml4t		from the heads of the leaders of the enemy	A possible meaning is “from the long-haired heads of the enemy.”
2261	DEU	32	43	mm3z	figs-parallelism	General Information:	This is the end of Moses’ song. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2262	DEU	32	43	hzi1	figs-metonymy	Rejoice, you nations	Moses addresses the peoples of all the nations as if they were there listening. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])
2263	DEU	32	43	h5mv	figs-metonymy	for he will avenge the blood of his servants; he will render vengeance on his enemies	Here “blood of his servants” represents the lives of his innocent servants who were killed. Alternate translation: “for he will take revenge on his enemies, who killed his servants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2264	DEU	32	44	q6l6		recited	This could mean: (1) “spoke” or (2) “sang.”
2265	DEU	32	44	zdk4	figs-synecdoche	in the ears of the people	Here “ears” represents the people themselves and emphasizes that Moses wanted to make sure they heard the song clearly. Alternate translation: “to the people so they would be sure to hear it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2266	DEU	32	45	a69v		reciting	This could mean: (1) “speaking” or (2) “singing.”
2267	DEU	32	46	llt8		He said to them	“Moses said to the people of Israel”
2268	DEU	32	46	sqq3	figs-idiom	Fix your mind on	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “Pay attention to” or “Think about” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2269	DEU	32	46	iw4n		I have witnessed to you	This could mean: (1) “I have testified to you,” referring to what Yahweh has said he will do to the Israelites if they disobey, or (2) “I have commanded you,” referring to what Yahweh was commanding them to do.
2270	DEU	32	46	a9uh		your children	“your children and descendants”
2271	DEU	32	47	v8tt		this is	“this law is”
2272	DEU	32	47	wd7v	figs-litotes	no trivial matter	This litotes can be stated positively. Alternate translation: “something very important” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
2273	DEU	32	47	i8bs	figs-metonymy	because it is your life	The abstract noun “life” can be translated as the verb “live.” You may need to make explicit the metonymy of obeying the law, which represents the law itself. Alternate translation: “because you will live if you obey it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2274	DEU	32	47	a2bz	figs-metaphor	prolong your days	Long days are a metaphor for a long life. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:26](../04/26.md). Alternate translation: “be able to live a long time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2275	DEU	32	49	i56s	translate-names	mountains of Abarim	This is the name of a mountain range in Moab. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2276	DEU	32	49	gwe2		Abarim, up Mount Nebo	“Abarim and climb up Mount Nebo”
2277	DEU	32	49	u1pf	translate-names	Mount Nebo	This is the highest place in the Abarim Mountains. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2278	DEU	32	49	y54j		opposite Jericho	“on the other side of the river from Jericho”
2279	DEU	32	50	n95r		General Information:	Yahweh finishes speaking to Moses.
2280	DEU	32	50	w499	figs-euphemism	be gathered to your people	This is a polite way of saying Moses’ spirit would join the spirits of his relatives in the world of the dead. Alternate translation: “join your ancestors who died before you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
2281	DEU	32	50	gnq5	translate-names	Mount Hor	This is the name of a mountain on the border of Edom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2282	DEU	32	51	mwq1	translate-names	Meribah	This is the name of the place in the desert where Moses disobeyed God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2283	DEU	32	51	fv5z	translate-names	wilderness of Zin	This is the name of a wilderness on the southern border of Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2284	DEU	33	intro	y2l8			# Deuteronomy 33 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetic lines of Moses’ blessings in 33:1-29.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Families<br>Moses gives a series of prophecies or instructions for each of the tribes of Israel and Israel overall. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
2285	DEU	33	1	p6db	figs-parallelism	General Information:	Moses begins to bless the tribes of Israel. Moses speaks the blessing in the form of short poems. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2286	DEU	33	2	b26n	figs-metaphor	Yahweh came from Sinai and rose from Seir upon them. He shined out from Mount Paran	Moses compares Yahweh to the rising sun. Alternate translation: “When Yahweh came from Sinai, he looked to them like the sun when it rises from Seir and shines out from Mount Paran” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2287	DEU	33	2	d9h2		upon them	“upon the people of Israel”
2288	DEU	33	2	d89e	translate-numbers	ten thousands of holy ones	“10,000 angels” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
2289	DEU	33	2	v2fc		In his right hand were flashes of lightning	Other This could mean: (1) “In his right hand were flames of fire” or (2) “He gave them a law of fire” or (3) “He came from the south, down his mountain slopes.”
2290	DEU	33	3	dj5y	figs-parallelism	General Information:	These verses are difficult to understand. Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel, which he began to do in [Deuteronomy 33:2](../33/02.md). Moses speaks the blessing in the form of short poems. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2291	DEU	33	3	pjq4		the peoples	“the people of Israel”
2292	DEU	33	3	uuu1	figs-pronouns	all his holy ones are in your hand … your feet … your words	The pronouns “his” and “your” refer to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “all Yahweh’s holy ones are in his hand … his feet … his words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
2293	DEU	33	3	sx8z	figs-metonymy	all his holy ones are in your hand	The hand is a metonym for power and protection. Alternate translation: “you protect all his holy people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2294	DEU	33	4	j3nq		an inheritance	“a possession” or “a precious possession”
2295	DEU	33	5	eer4	figs-parallelism	General Information:	Verse 5 is difficult to understand. Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel, which he began to do in [Deuteronomy 33:2](../33/02.md). The blessings are short poems. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2296	DEU	33	5	c2d9		there was a king	“Yahweh became king”
2297	DEU	33	5	g63w		Jeshurun	This is another name for Israel. Translated as in [Deuteronomy 32:15](../32/15.md).
2298	DEU	33	6	xmf7		Let Reuben live	This begins Moses’ blessings to the individual tribes of Israel.
2299	DEU	33	6	qs86		but may his men be few	Other This could mean: (1) “and may his men not be few” or (2) “even though his men are few.”
2300	DEU	33	7	e9mj	figs-parallelism	General Information:	Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel, which he began to do in [Deuteronomy 33:2](../33/02.md). The blessings are short poems. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2301	DEU	33	7	hxx8	figs-metonymy	to the voice of Judah	Here “voice of Judah” refers to the cries and prayers of the people of Judah. Alternate translation: “when the people of Judah pray to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2302	DEU	33	7	v8f7	figs-abstractnouns	be a help	The abstract noun “help” can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: “help him to fight” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2303	DEU	33	8	hq6l	figs-parallelism	General Information:	Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel, which he began to do in [Deuteronomy 33:2](../33/02.md). The blessings are short poems. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2304	DEU	33	8	f539	figs-you	Your Thummim and your Urim	These were sacred stones the high priest carried on his breastplate and used at times to determine God’s will. Here “your” refers to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
2305	DEU	33	8	d4cp	figs-metonymy	your faithful one, the one whom you tested … with whom you struggled	Moses refers to the tribe of Levi as if it were one man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2306	DEU	33	8	p5zx		your faithful one	“the one who seeks to please you.”
2307	DEU	33	8	l4zu		Massah	See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 6:16](../06/16.md). Translator may add a footnote that says: “The name ‘Massah’ means ‘testing.’”
2308	DEU	33	8	vr2z		Meribah	See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 32:51](../32/51.md). Translator may add a footnote that says: “The name ‘Meribah’ means ‘argue’ or ‘quarrel.’”
2309	DEU	33	9	a55p	figs-parallelism	General Information:	Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel, which he began to do in [Deuteronomy 33:2](../33/02.md). The blessings are short poems. He continues describing the tribe of Levi, which he began to do in [Deuteronomy 33:8](./08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2310	DEU	33	9	n8y3		your word	“your commands”
2311	DEU	33	9	mi7x	figs-doublet	guarded … kept	These words both mean to watch over and to protect. They are often metaphors for “obeyed,” but here they should be translated literally because they refer to a time when the Levites literally killed people who were rebelling against Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2312	DEU	33	10	n6nd	figs-parallelism	General Information:	Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel; the blessings are short poems. He continues to describe the tribe of Levi, which he began to do in [Deuteronomy 33:8](../33/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2313	DEU	33	10	q9bv		your … your … you … your	Moses is speaking to Yahweh, so all these words are singular.
2314	DEU	33	11	y1nd	figs-parallelism	General Information:	Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel; the blessings are short poems. He continues describing the tribe of Levi, which he began to do in [Deuteronomy 33:8](../33/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2315	DEU	33	11	m8mw		accept	be pleased with
2316	DEU	33	11	g9hx	figs-synecdoche	the work of his hands	Here the word “hands” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “all the work that he does” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2317	DEU	33	11	qcv6	figs-metonymy	Shatter the loins of	The loins were considered the center of strength, and are here represent strength. Alternate translation: “Take away the strength of” or “Utterly destroy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2318	DEU	33	11	m34s	figs-metaphor	rise up … rise up	This phrase is used twice as a metaphor. Alternate translation: “rise up to fight … cause any more trouble” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2319	DEU	33	11	d2c2	figs-idiom	rise up against	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “fight against” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2320	DEU	33	12	c4ca	figs-parallelism	General Information:	Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel; the blessings are short poems. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2321	DEU	33	12	wbv9	figs-activepassive	The one loved by Yahweh lives	Here Moses is referring to the members of the tribe of Benjamin. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The ones whom Yahweh loves live” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2322	DEU	33	12	rf48	figs-abstractnouns	lives in security	The abstact noun “security” can be translated using a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “lives where no one can harm him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2323	DEU	33	12	t7re		he lives between Yahweh’s arms	This could mean: (1) Yahweh protects the tribe of Benjamin with his power or (2) Yahweh lives in the hill region of the tribe of Benjamin. In both translations, it means Yahweh takes care of them.
2324	DEU	33	13	bn1r	figs-parallelism	General Information:	Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel; the blessings are short poems. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2325	DEU	33	13	l4ua		About Joseph	This refers to the tribe of Ephraim and the tribe of Manasseh. Both tribes descended from Joseph.
2326	DEU	33	13	vty3	figs-metonymy	May his land be blessed by Yahweh	The word “his” refers to Joseph which represents the tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “May Yahweh bless their land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2327	DEU	33	13	y87w		with the precious things of heaven, with the dew	“with the precious dew from the sky” or “with the precious rain from the sky”
2328	DEU	33	13	rzk5		dew	water that forms on leaves and grass on cool mornings. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 32:2](../32/02.md).
2329	DEU	33	13	xy69		the deep that lies beneath	This refers to the water under the ground.
2330	DEU	33	14	tz8j	figs-parallelism	General Information:	Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel; the blessings are short poems. He continues to describe the tribe of Joseph, which he began to do in [Deuteronomy 33:13](../33/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2331	DEU	33	14	xt79	figs-activepassive	May his land be blessed	This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 33:13](../33/13.md). Alternate translation: “May Yahweh bless his land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2332	DEU	33	14	jc3s		with the precious things of the harvest of the sun	“with the best crops that the sun causes to grow”
2333	DEU	33	14	w7c3		with the precious things of the produce of the months	“with the best crops that grow month to month”
2334	DEU	33	15	y6md	figs-explicit	finest things … precious things	Moses is probably referring to food crops. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “the best fruits … the precious fruits” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2335	DEU	33	15	ex8p		ancient mountains	“the mountains that existed long ago”
2336	DEU	33	15	e1pr		everlasting hills	“the hills that will exist forever”
2337	DEU	33	16	rm3x	figs-parallelism	General Information:	Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel; the blessings are short poems. He continues to describe the tribe of Joseph, which he began to do in [Deuteronomy 33:13](../33/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2338	DEU	33	16	t49i	figs-activepassive	May his land be blessed	This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 33:13](../33/13.md). Alternate translation: “May Yahweh bless his land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2339	DEU	33	16	sq7u		its abundance	The abstract noun “abundance” can be translated as a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “what it produces in large amounts”
2340	DEU	33	16	z8v1	figs-explicit	him who was in the bush	The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “Yahweh, who spoke to Moses from the burning bush” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2341	DEU	33	16	s176	figs-metaphor	Let the blessing come on the head of Joseph	This metaphor is of a man putting his hand on the head of a son and asking God to bless the son. The man here is Yahweh. Alternate translation: “May Yahweh bless Joseph as a father blesses his son” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2342	DEU	33	16	yvh8	figs-synecdoche	come on the head of Joseph, and on the top of the head of him	Here “head” and “top of the head” represent the whole person. Also, Joseph represents his descendants. Alternate translation: “be upon the descendants of Joseph” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2343	DEU	33	16	wr2z		top of the head	Another possible meaning is “brow” or “forehead.”
2344	DEU	33	17	dw4y	figs-parallelism	General Information:	Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel; the blessings are short poems. He continues to describe the tribe of Joseph, which he began to do in [Deuteronomy 33:13](../33/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2345	DEU	33	17	h7um	figs-metaphor	The firstborn of an ox, majestic is he	The ox is a metaphor for something large and strong. The word “firstborn” is a metaphor for honor. Alternate translation: “People will honor Joseph’s descendants, who are many and powerful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2346	DEU	33	17	emy2	figs-metaphor	his horns are the horns of	The horn is a metaphor for strength. Alternate translation: “he is as strong as” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2347	DEU	33	17	s54w	figs-metaphor	With them he will push	Pushing with his horns is a metaphor for strength. Alternate translation: “He is so strong that he will push” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2348	DEU	33	17	nv6i	translate-numbers	ten thousands of Ephraim … the thousands of Manasseh	This means the tribe of Ephraim will be stronger than the tribe of Manasseh. Alternate translation: “the people of Ephraim, who number many times 10,000…the people of Manasseh, who number many times 1,000” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
2349	DEU	33	18	g9eh	figs-parallelism	General Information:	Moses continues to bless each tribe of Israel; the blessings are short poems. He speaks to the tribes of Zebulun and Issachar as if they were one man, so the word “your” and the command “rejoice” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
2350	DEU	33	18	m1l6	figs-explicit	Rejoice, Zebulun, in your going out, and you, Issachar, in your tents	The people of Zebulun were located near the Mediterranean Sea. They traveled by sea and traded with other people. The people of Issachar preferred peaceful living and working the land and raising cattle. You can make clear the understood information. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2351	DEU	33	19	bwp6		There will they offer	“It is there that they will offer”
2352	DEU	33	19	h5jn		sacrifices of righteousness	“acceptable sacrifices” or “proper sacrifices”
2353	DEU	33	19	ime2		For they will suck the abundance of the seas, and from the sand on the seashore	This could mean: (1) they will trade with people across the sea or (2) they were beginning to use sand in making pottery.
2354	DEU	33	19	cl5x	figs-metaphor	For they will suck the abundance of the seas	The Hebrew word translated “suck” here refers to how a baby nurses at its mother’s breast. It means the people will gain wealth from the sea like a baby gets milk from its mother. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2355	DEU	33	20	r21i	figs-parallelism	General Information:	Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel; the blessings are short poems. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2356	DEU	33	20	sb7w	figs-activepassive	Blessed be he who enlarges Gad	This can stated in active form. Alternate translation: This could mean: (1) “May Yahweh bless Gad and give him much land to live in” or (2) “People should say that Yahweh is good because he has given Gad much land to live in” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2357	DEU	33	20	qa5j	figs-simile	He will live there like a lioness, and he will tear off an arm or a head	This means the people of Gad are strong and secure, and they will defeat their enemies in war. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2358	DEU	33	21	ypm2	figs-parallelism	General Information:	Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel; the blessings are short poems. He continues to describe the tribe of Gad as one man, which he began to do in [Deuteronomy 33:20](../33/20.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2359	DEU	33	21	nad9		the leader’s portion	This means a larger piece of land that a leader normally took.
2360	DEU	33	21	nfg7		He came with the heads of the people	“They met with all the leaders of the Israelites”
2361	DEU	33	21	nt25		He carried out the justice of Yahweh and his decrees with Israel	“They obeyed all that Yahweh had commanded the Israelites”
2362	DEU	33	22	r6bu	figs-parallelism	General Information:	Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel; the blessings are short poems. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2363	DEU	33	22	rjp5	figs-metaphor	Dan is a lion cub that leaps out from Bashan	The people of Dan are strong like a lion cub, and they attack their enemies who live in Bashan. You can make clear the understood information. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
2364	DEU	33	23	xsb4	figs-parallelism	General Information:	Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel; the blessings are short poems. He speaks of the descendants of Naphtali as if they were one man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2365	DEU	33	23	j9cl	figs-metaphor	satisfied with favor	Yahweh being pleased with Naphtali is spoken of as if “favor” were food that Naphtali ate until he was no longer hungry. Alternate translation: “who has all the good things he desires because Yahweh is pleased with him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2366	DEU	33	23	xhj4		full of the blessing of Yahweh	Blessings are spoken of as if they were food that Naphtali ate until he could hold no more. Alternate translation: “whom Yahweh has blessed so that he has all he needs”
2367	DEU	33	23	av3i	figs-you	take possession	Moses speaks as if the tribe of Naphtali is one man, so these words are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
2368	DEU	33	23	q4kc	figs-explicit	the land to the west and south	This refers to the land around Lake Galilee. The full meaning of this statement may be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2369	DEU	33	24	b3kp	figs-parallelism	General Information:	Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel; the blessings are short poems. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2370	DEU	33	24	frq4	figs-explicit	dip his foot in olive oil	Olive oil was used for food and for the skin of the face and arms. Feet were dirty, so to put the foot in olive oil was to ruin valuable oil. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “have so much olive oil that he can afford to waste it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2371	DEU	33	25	ht1b	figs-you	your city bars … your days … your security	Moses speaks to the tribe of Asher as if they are one man, so all instances of “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
2372	DEU	33	25	eim5	figs-explicit	May your city bars be iron and bronze	Cities had large bars across their gates to keep enemies out. The meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “May you be safe from attacks by your enemies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2373	DEU	33	26	wxb7	figs-metaphor	rides through the heavens … on the clouds	This is an image of Yahweh riding on clouds through the sky like a king on his chariot riding through a battlefield. Alternate translation: “rides through the heavens like a king rides through a battlefield … on the clouds like a king on his chariot” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2374	DEU	33	26	l9qh	figs-you	to your help	“to help you.” Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word “you” here is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
2375	DEU	33	27	if2j	figs-abstractnouns	The eternal God is a refuge	The abstract noun “refuge,” which means a shelter or a place safe from danger, can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “The eternal God will protect his people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2376	DEU	33	27	bk5r	figs-metaphor	underneath are the everlasting arms	The words “everlasting arms” are a metaphor for Yahweh’s promise to protect his people forever. Alternate translation: “he will support and take care of his people forever” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2377	DEU	33	27	hrf2	figs-pastforfuture	He thrust out … he said	Moses speaks of the future as if it were the past to emphasize that what he is saying will come true. AT “He will thrust out … he will say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
2378	DEU	33	27	zfz8	figs-you	before you … Destroy	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word “you” and the command “destroy” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
2379	DEU	33	27	an79	figs-quotations	he said, “Destroy!”	If this direct quotation would not work well in your language, you may change it to an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “he will tell you to destroy them!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
2380	DEU	33	28	c8xi	figs-pastforfuture	Israel dwelt … Jacob’s spring was secure	This could mean: (1) Moses speaks of the future as if it were the past to emphasize that what he is saying will come true, “Israel will dwell … Jacob’s spring will be secure” or (2) Moses is blessing Israel, “May Israel dwell … and may Jacob’s spring be secure.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
2381	DEU	33	28	cp65	figs-metonymy	Jacob’s spring	This could mean: (1) Jacob’s home or (2) Jacob’s descendants. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2382	DEU	33	28	ze3a	figs-metaphor	let his heavens drop dew	The dew is spoken of as being so much that it is as if it were raining. This could mean: (1) Moses is blessing Israel, “may much dew cover the land like rain” or (2) Moses is telling what will happen in the future, “much dew will cover the land like rain.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2383	DEU	33	28	qcg6		dew	water that forms on leaves and grass on cool mornings. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 32:2](../32/02.md).
2384	DEU	33	29	hn5q	figs-you	General Information:	Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
2385	DEU	33	29	q9sn	figs-rquestion	Who is like you, a people saved by Yahweh … majesty?	This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. It can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “There is no other people group like you, a people whom Yahweh has saved … majesty.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2386	DEU	33	29	n3du	figs-merism	the shield … the sword	This merism speaks of Yahweh defending the Israelites from their enemies and enabling them to attack their enemies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
2387	DEU	33	29	tm9a	figs-metaphor	the shield of your help	The word “shield” is a metaphor for Yahweh protecting and defending the Israelites. The abstract noun “help” can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: “the one who protects you and helps you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2388	DEU	33	29	cur3	figs-metaphor	the sword of your majesty	The word “sword” is a metaphor for the power to kill with the sword in order to win battles. Alternate translation: “the one who enables you to win battles and so have majesty” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2389	DEU	33	29	ly3l		you will trample down their high places	This could mean: (1) the Israelites will destroy the places where the other people worship false gods or (2) the Israelites will walk on the backs of their enemies when the Israelites defeat them.
2390	DEU	34	intro	kh67			# Deuteronomy 34 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter may have been written by Joshua, since it recorded Moses’ death. This chapter officially ends the revelation of the law of Moses, and life in the Promised Land is about to begin again. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/reveal]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])
2391	DEU	34	1	ayb8		Mount Nebo	This is the highest point of Mount Pisgah which is in the northern part of the Abarim mountain range. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 32:49](../32/49.md).
2392	DEU	34	1	r9wl		Pisgah	See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 3:17](../03/17.md).
2393	DEU	34	3	h1nc	translate-names	the City of Palms	This is another name for Jericho. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2394	DEU	34	4	aj1d		look at it with your eyes	“see it for yourself”
2395	DEU	34	6	z3y1		Beth Peor	This was a town in Moab. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 3:29](../03/29.md).
2396	DEU	34	6	i3kg		to this day	This refers to the time that this was written or edited, not to the present time in the twenty-first century.
2397	DEU	34	7	l52x	translate-numbers	one hundred twenty years old	“30 days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
2398	DEU	34	7	gif3		his eye was not dim, nor his natural force abated	This means his eyes and body were still strong and healthy.
2399	DEU	34	8	uz65	translate-numbers	thirty days	“30 days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
2400	DEU	34	9	znf5		son of Nun	See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 1:38](../01/38.md).
2401	DEU	34	9	g774	figs-metaphor	Joshua … was full of the spirit of wisdom	The writer speaks as if Joshua were a container and the spirit were a physical object that could be put into a container. Alternate translation: “Yahweh enabled Joshua … to be very wise” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2402	DEU	34	9	yd83	figs-explicit	Moses had laid his hands on him	The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “Moses had laid his hands on him to set Joshua apart so Joshua would serve Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2403	DEU	34	10	t1l8	figs-idiom	Yahweh knew face to face	This is an idiom. It means Yahweh and Moses had a very close relationship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2404	DEU	34	12	mq8g		in all the great	“who did all the great”

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