287 KiB
287 KiB
1 | Book | Chapter | Verse | ID | SupportReference | OrigQuote | Occurrence | GLQuote | OccurrenceNote |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2 | REV | 1 | 1 | kv41 | 0 | General Information: | This is an introduction to the book of Revelation. It explains that it is a revelation from Jesus Christ and it gives a blessing to those who read it. | ||
3 | REV | 1 | 1 | ik5v | τοῖς δούλοις αὐτοῦ | 1 | his servants | This refers to people who believe in Christ. | |
4 | REV | 1 | 1 | x8bu | ἃ δεῖ γενέσθαι ἐν τάχει | 1 | what must soon take place | the events that must happen soon | |
5 | REV | 1 | 1 | kez4 | ἐσήμανεν | 1 | made it known | communicated it | |
6 | REV | 1 | 2 | va4c | τὸν λόγον τοῦ Θεοῦ | 1 | the word of God | the message that God spoke | |
7 | REV | 1 | 3 | dwt8 | ὁ ... καιρὸς ἐγγύς | 1 | the time is near | the things that must happen will soon happen | |
8 | REV | 1 | 4 | vw1t | 0 | General Information: | This is the beginning of John's letter. Here he names himself as the writer and greets the people he is writing to. | ||
9 | REV | 1 | 4 | hl5c | ἀπὸ ὁ ὢν | 1 | from the one who is | from God, who is | |
10 | REV | 1 | 4 | qsu6 | figs-metaphor | ὁ ... ἐρχόμενος | 1 | who is to come | Existing in the future is spoken of as coming. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) |
11 | REV | 1 | 5 | l3h8 | ὁ ... πρωτότοκος τῶν νεκρῶν | 1 | the firstborn from the dead | the first person to be raised from death | |
12 | REV | 1 | 5 | j1xp | τῶν νεκρῶν | 1 | from the dead | From among all those who have died. This expression describes all dead people together in the underworld. To come back from among them speaks of becoming alive again. | |
13 | REV | 1 | 5 | u6v7 | λύσαντι ἡμᾶς | 1 | has released us | has set us free | |
14 | REV | 1 | 6 | a4mq | ἐποίησεν ἡμᾶς βασιλείαν, ἱερεῖς | 1 | has made us a kingdom, priests | has set us apart and begun to rule over us and he has made us priests | |
15 | REV | 1 | 6 | c77q | guidelines-sonofgodprinciples | Πατρί | 1 | Father | This is an important title for God that describes the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) |
16 | REV | 1 | 6 | vc5g | τὸ κράτος | 1 | the power | This probably refers to his authority as king. | |
17 | REV | 1 | 7 | ldv8 | 0 | General Information: | In verse 7, John is quoting from Daniel and Zechariah. | ||
18 | REV | 1 | 7 | t16v | καὶ ... οἵτινες αὐτὸν ἐξεκέντησαν | 1 | including those who pierced him | even those who pierced him will see him | |
19 | REV | 1 | 7 | lqs9 | ἐξεκέντησαν | 1 | pierced | made a hole in | |
20 | REV | 1 | 8 | in5e | figs-metaphor | ὁ ... ἐρχόμενος | 1 | who is to come | Existing in the future is spoken of as coming. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) |
21 | REV | 1 | 9 | up7y | 0 | General Information: | John explains how his vision began and the instructions the Spirit gave him. | ||
22 | REV | 1 | 9 | mg1k | figs-you | 0 | your ... you | These refer to the believers in the seven churches. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) | |
23 | REV | 1 | 9 | c1a9 | διὰ τὸν λόγον τοῦ Θεοῦ | 1 | because of the word of God | because I told others the word of God | |
24 | REV | 1 | 10 | lnj2 | τῇ Κυριακῇ ἡμέρᾳ | 1 | the Lord's day | the day of worship for believers in Christ | |
25 | REV | 1 | 10 | fa68 | figs-simile | φωνὴν μεγάλην ὡς σάλπιγγος | 1 | loud voice like a trumpet | The voice was so loud it sounded like a trumpet. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) |
26 | REV | 1 | 10 | dn8e | σάλπιγγος | 1 | trumpet | This refers to an instrument for producing music or for calling people to gather together for an announcement or meeting. | |
27 | REV | 1 | 11 | kq6x | translate-names | 0 | Smyrna ... Pergamum ... Thyatira ... Sardis ... Philadelphia ... Laodicea | These are names of cities in the region of western Asia that today is modern Turkey. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
28 | REV | 1 | 12 | dkp1 | 0 | Connecting Statement: | John begins to explain what he saw in his vision. | ||
29 | REV | 1 | 13 | xmx7 | figs-metaphor | Υἱὸν Ἀνθρώπου | 1 | son of man | This expression describes a human figure, someone who looks human. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) |
30 | REV | 1 | 13 | y6qk | ζώνην χρυσᾶν | 1 | a golden sash | a piece of cloth worn around the chest. It may have had golden threads in it. | |
31 | REV | 1 | 14 | j9w4 | ἔριον | 1 | wool | This is the hair of a sheep or goat. It was known to be very white. | |
32 | REV | 1 | 15 | ldx7 | καμίνῳ | 1 | furnace | a strong container for holding a very hot fire. People would put metal in it, and the hot fire would burn away any impurities that were in the metal. | |
33 | REV | 1 | 15 | izg6 | 0 | the sound of many rushing waters | This is very loud, like the sound of a large, fast flowing river, of a large waterfall, or of loud waves in the sea. | ||
34 | REV | 1 | 16 | pp58 | 0 | a sword ... was coming out of his mouth | The sword blade was sticking out of his mouth. The sword itself was not in motion. | ||
35 | REV | 1 | 16 | zy4d | ῥομφαία δίστομος ὀξεῖα | 1 | a sword with two sharp edges | This refers to a double-edged sword, which is sharpened on both sides to cut both directions. | |
36 | REV | 1 | 17 | twy9 | figs-simile | ἔπεσα πρὸς τοὺς πόδας αὐτοῦ, ὡς νεκρός | 1 | fell at his feet like a dead man | John lay down facing the ground. He was probably very frightened and was showing Jesus great respect. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) |
37 | REV | 1 | 17 | jw5r | ἔθηκεν τὴν δεξιὰν αὐτοῦ ἐπ’ ἐμὲ | 1 | He placed his right hand on me | He touched me with his right hand | |
38 | REV | 1 | 17 | uc3d | figs-merism | ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ πρῶτος καὶ ὁ ἔσχατος | 1 | I am the first and the last | This refers to the eternal nature of Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) |
39 | REV | 1 | 19 | u49x | 0 | Connecting Statement: | The Son of Man continues to speak. | ||
40 | REV | 1 | 20 | d6ez | writing-symlanguage | ἀστέρων | 1 | stars | These stars are symbols that represent the seven angels of the seven churches. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]]) |
41 | REV | 1 | 20 | fl5d | writing-symlanguage | λυχνίας | 1 | lampstands | The lampstands are symbols that represent the seven churches. See how you translated this in [Revelation 1:12](../01/12.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]]) |
42 | REV | 1 | 20 | e25n | ἑπτὰ ... ἐκκλησιῶν | 1 | seven churches | This refers to seven churches that actually existed in Asia Minor at that time. See how you translated this in [Revelation 1:11](../01/11.md). | |
43 | REV | 2 | 1 | mn8x | 0 | General Information: | This is the beginning of the Son of Man's message to the angel of the church in Ephesus. | ||
44 | REV | 2 | 1 | i92a | writing-symlanguage | ἀστέρας | 1 | stars | These stars are symbols. They represent the seven angels of the seven churches. See how you translated this in [Revelation 1:16](../01/16.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]]) |
45 | REV | 2 | 1 | ugs3 | writing-symlanguage | λυχνιῶν | 1 | lampstands | The lampstands are symbols that represent the seven churches. See how you translated this in [Revelation 1:12](../01/12.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]]) |
46 | REV | 2 | 2 | szc1 | καὶ ... οὐκ εἰσίν | 1 | but are not | but are not apostles | |
47 | REV | 2 | 2 | ka9e | εὗρες αὐτοὺς ψευδεῖς | 1 | you have found them to be false | you have recognized that those people are false apostles | |
48 | REV | 2 | 5 | j6p5 | ἐὰν μὴ μετανοήσῃς | 1 | Unless you repent | If you do not repent | |
49 | REV | 2 | 6 | cvi5 | translate-names | Νικολαϊτῶν | 1 | Nicolaitans | people who followed the teachings of a man named Nicolaus (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) |
50 | REV | 2 | 8 | is3w | 0 | General Information: | This is the beginning of the Son of Man's message to the angel of the church in Smyrna. | ||
51 | REV | 2 | 8 | key2 | translate-names | Σμύρνῃ | 1 | Smyrna | This is the name of a city in a part of western Asia that today is modern Turkey. See how you translated this in [Revelation 1:11](../01/11.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) |
52 | REV | 2 | 8 | k7qk | figs-merism | ὁ πρῶτος καὶ ὁ ἔσχατος | 1 | the first and the last | This refers to the eternal nature of Jesus. See how you translated this in [Revelation 1:17](../01/17.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) |
53 | REV | 2 | 9 | qf9p | καὶ ... οὐκ εἰσίν | 1 | but they are not | but they are not real Jews | |
54 | REV | 2 | 9 | a4yu | figs-metaphor | συναγωγὴ τοῦ Σατανᾶ | 1 | a synagogue of Satan | People who gather to obey or honor Satan are spoken of as if they were a synagogue, a place of worship and teaching for the Jews. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) |
55 | REV | 2 | 12 | ll17 | 0 | General Information: | This is the beginning of the Son of Man's message to the angel of the church in Pergamum. | ||
56 | REV | 2 | 12 | il7c | translate-names | Περγάμῳ | 1 | Pergamum | This is the name of a city in a part of western Asia that today is modern Turkey. See how you translated this in [Revelation 1:11](../01/11.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) |
57 | REV | 2 | 12 | f6s5 | ὁ ἔχων τὴν ῥομφαίαν τὴν δίστομον τὴν ὀξεῖαν | 1 | the sword with two sharp edges | This refers to a double-edged sword, which is sharpened on both sides to cut both directions. See how you translated this in [Revelation 1:16](../01/16.md) | |
58 | REV | 2 | 13 | ryn6 | figs-metonymy | ὁ θρόνος τοῦ Σατανᾶ | 1 | Satan's throne | Possible meanings are 1) Satan's power and evil influence on people, or 2) the place where Satan rules. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) |
59 | REV | 2 | 13 | lu4b | translate-names | Ἀντιπᾶς | 1 | Antipas | This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) |
60 | REV | 2 | 14 | j3nc | translate-names | τῷ Βαλὰκ | 1 | Balak | This is the name of a king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) |
61 | REV | 2 | 15 | hc85 | translate-names | Νικολαϊτῶν | 1 | Nicolaitans | This was the name for a group of people who followed the teachings of a man named Nicolaus. See how you translated this in [Revelation 2:6](../02/06.md) (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) |
62 | REV | 2 | 16 | rwa4 | μετανόησον οὖν | 1 | Repent, therefore | So repent | |
63 | REV | 2 | 16 | fd6u | πολεμήσω μετ’ αὐτῶν | 1 | wage war against them | fight against them | |
64 | REV | 2 | 18 | b83m | 0 | General Information: | This is the beginning of the Son of Man's message to the angel of the church in Thyatira. | ||
65 | REV | 2 | 18 | kd5v | translate-names | Θυατείροις | 1 | Thyatira | This is the name of a city in a part of western Asia that today is modern Turkey. See how you translated this in [Revelation 1:11](../01/11.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) |
66 | REV | 2 | 18 | q3w9 | guidelines-sonofgodprinciples | Υἱὸς τοῦ Θεοῦ | 1 | Son of God | This is an important title for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) |
67 | REV | 2 | 22 | h8fz | τοὺς μοιχεύοντας | 1 | commit adultery | practice adultery | |
68 | REV | 2 | 23 | kx34 | τὰ τέκνα αὐτῆς ἀποκτενῶ ἐν θανάτῳ | 1 | I will strike her children dead | I will kill her children | |
69 | REV | 2 | 27 | c9gu | 0 | He will rule ... break them into pieces | This is a prophecy from the Old Testament about a king of Israel, but Jesus applied it here to those to whom he gives authority over the nations. | ||
70 | REV | 2 | 28 | hr39 | guidelines-sonofgodprinciples | τοῦ πατρός μου | 1 | my Father | This is an important title for God that describes the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) |
71 | REV | 2 | 28 | g5iy | writing-symlanguage | ἀστέρα τὸν πρωϊνόν | 1 | morning star | This is a bright star that sometimes appears early in the morning just before dawn. It was a symbol of victory. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]]) |
72 | REV | 3 | 1 | k6b7 | 0 | General Information: | This is the beginning of the Son of Man's message to the angel of the church in Sardis. | ||
73 | REV | 3 | 1 | q7n9 | translate-names | Σάρδεσιν | 1 | Sardis | This is the name of a city in the western part of Asia that today is modern Turkey. See how you translated this in [Revelation 1:11](../01/11.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) |
74 | REV | 3 | 1 | t8wv | writing-symlanguage | τοὺς ἑπτὰ ἀστέρας | 1 | the seven stars | These stars are symbols that represent the seven angels of the seven churches. See how you translated this in [Revelation 1:16](../01/16.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]]) |
75 | REV | 3 | 1 | ty18 | figs-metaphor | 0 | alive ... dead | Obeying and honoring God is spoken of as being alive; disobeying and dishonoring him is spoken of as being dead. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
76 | REV | 3 | 3 | ypw4 | figs-simile | ἥξω ὡς κλέπτης | 1 | I will come as a thief | Jesus will come at a time when people do not expect him, just as a thief comes when not expected. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) |
77 | REV | 3 | 5 | d7l5 | ἐνώπιον τοῦ Πατρός μου | 1 | before my Father | in the presence of my Father | |
78 | REV | 3 | 5 | bi3h | guidelines-sonofgodprinciples | τοῦ Πατρός μου | 1 | my Father | This is an important title for God that describes the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) |
79 | REV | 3 | 7 | rf9b | 0 | General Information: | This is the beginning of the Son of Man's message to the angel of the church in Philadelphia. | ||
80 | REV | 3 | 7 | mm6x | translate-names | Φιλαδελφίᾳ | 1 | Philadelphia | This is the name of a city in the western part of Asia that today is modern Turkey. See how you translated this in [Revelation 1:11](../01/11.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) |
81 | REV | 3 | 7 | ih6i | writing-symlanguage | κλεῖν Δαυείδ | 1 | key of David | Jesus speaks of his authority to decide who may go into his kingdom as if it were King David's key. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]]) |
82 | REV | 3 | 7 | aam6 | 0 | he opens and no one shuts | he opens the door to the kingdom and no one can close it | ||
83 | REV | 3 | 7 | pzy2 | κλείων καὶ οὐδεὶς ἀνοίγει | 1 | he shuts and no one can open | he closes the door and no one can open it | |
84 | REV | 3 | 8 | j1x7 | δέδωκα ἐνώπιόν σου θύραν ἠνεῳγμένην | 1 | I have put before you an open door | I have opened a door for you | |
85 | REV | 3 | 9 | x78m | figs-metaphor | συναγωγῆς τοῦ Σατανᾶ | 1 | synagogue of Satan | People who gather to obey or honor Satan are spoken of as if they were in a synagogue, a place of worship and teaching for the Jews. See how you translated this in [Revelation 2:9](../02/09.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) |
86 | REV | 3 | 10 | e6bw | figs-metaphor | 0 | is coming | Existing in the future is spoken of as coming. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
87 | REV | 3 | 14 | r6bz | 0 | General Information: | This is the beginning of the Son of Man's message to the angel of the church in Laodicea. | ||
88 | REV | 3 | 14 | wzg9 | translate-names | Λαοδικίᾳ | 1 | Laodicea | This is the name of a city in the western part of Asia that today is modern Turkey. See how you translated this in [Revelation 1:11](../01/11.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) |
89 | REV | 3 | 19 | sf66 | ζήλευε ... καὶ μετανόησον | 1 | be earnest and repent | be serious and repent | |
90 | REV | 3 | 20 | une1 | figs-metaphor | καὶ ... δειπνήσω μετ’ αὐτοῦ | 1 | and will eat with him | This represents being together as friends. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) |
91 | REV | 3 | 21 | h9pf | 0 | Connecting Statement: | This is the end of the Son of Man's messages to the angels of the seven churches. | ||
92 | REV | 3 | 21 | un17 | guidelines-sonofgodprinciples | τοῦ Πατρός μου | 1 | my Father | This is an important title for God that describes the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) |
93 | REV | 4 | intro | cl9f | 0 | # Revelation 04 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with verses 8 and 11.<br><br>John has finished describing the letters to the churches. He now begins to describe a vision that God showed him.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Jasper, carnelian, and emerald<br><br>These words refer to kinds of special stones that the people in John's day considered valuable. It may be difficult for you to translate these words if people in your culture do not value special kinds of stones.<br><br>##### Twenty-four elders<br><br>Elders are church leaders. Twenty-four elders may be symbolic of the whole church through the ages. There were twelve tribes in Old Testament Israel and twelve apostles in the New Testament church. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-apocalypticwriting]])<br><br>##### Seven spirits of God<br><br>These spirits are the seven spirits of [Revelation 1:4](../../rev/01/04.md).<br><br>##### Giving glory to God<br><br>God's glory is the great beauty and radiant majesty that God has because he is God. Other Bible writers describe it as if it were a light so bright that no one can look at it. No one can give God this kind of glory, because it is already his. When people give glory to God or when God receives glory, people say that God has the glory that is his, that it is right for God to have that glory, and that people should worship God because he has that glory. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/glory]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/worthy]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/worship]])<br><br>#### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>##### Difficult images<br><br>Such things as bolts of lightning coming from the throne, lamps that are spirits, and a sea in front of the throne may be difficult to imagine, and so the words for them may be difficult to translate. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-apocalypticwriting]])<br> | |||
94 | REV | 4 | 1 | ws2q | 0 | General Information: | John begins to describe his vision of the throne of God. | ||
95 | REV | 4 | 1 | z8r8 | figs-metaphor | θύρα ἠνεῳγμένη ἐν τῷ οὐρανῷ | 1 | an open door in heaven | This expression stands for the ability that God gave John to see into heaven, at least by means of a vision. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) |
96 | REV | 4 | 1 | j713 | σάλπιγγος | 1 | trumpet | This refers to an instrument for producing music or for calling people to gather together for an announcement or meeting. See how you translated this in [Revelation 1:10](../01/10.md). | |
97 | REV | 4 | 3 | m4mi | translate-unknown | λίθῳ, ἰάσπιδι καὶ σαρδίῳ | 1 | jasper and carnelian | These are valuable stones. Jasper may have been clear like glass or crystal, and carnelian may have been red. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) |
98 | REV | 4 | 3 | aap1 | translate-unknown | σμαραγδίνῳ | 1 | emerald | a green, valuable stone (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) |
99 | REV | 4 | 4 | ivw8 | στεφάνους χρυσοῦς | 1 | golden crowns | These were likenesses of wreaths of olive branches or laurel leaves, hammered out in gold. Such crowns, made of leaves, were given to victorious athletes to wear on their heads. | |
100 | REV | 4 | 5 | ryb1 | ἀστραπαὶ | 1 | flashes of lightning | Use your language's way of describing what lightning looks like each time it appears. | |
101 | REV | 4 | 5 | u1da | φωναὶ, καὶ βρονταί | 1 | rumblings, and crashes of thunder | These are the loud noises that thunder makes. Use your language's way of describing the sound of thunder. | |
102 | REV | 4 | 7 | d84n | figs-simile | 0 | The first living creature was like a lion, the second living creature was like a calf, the third living creature had a face like a man, and the fourth living creature was like a flying eagle | How the head of each living creature appeared to John is expressed as a comparison with something more familiar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) | |
103 | REV | 4 | 8 | n8g2 | κυκλόθεν καὶ ἔσωθεν γέμουσιν ὀφθαλμῶν | 1 | full of eyes on top and underneath | The top and bottom of each wing was covered with eyes. | |
104 | REV | 4 | 8 | y1u5 | figs-metaphor | ὁ ... ἐρχόμενος | 1 | who is to come | Existing in the future is spoken of as coming. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) |
105 | REV | 4 | 9 | xj6b | εὐχαριστίαν, τῷ καθημένῳ ἐπὶ τῷ θρόνῳ, τῷ ζῶντι εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων | 1 | the one who sits on the throne, the one who lives forever and ever | This is one person. The one who sits on the throne lives forever and ever. | |
106 | REV | 4 | 10 | c2vg | πεσοῦνται | 1 | fall down | They purposely lie down facing the ground to show that they are worshiping. | |
107 | REV | 5 | 1 | txr5 | 0 | Connecting Statement: | John continues to describe what he saw in his vision of the throne of God. | ||
108 | REV | 5 | 1 | w3yi | καὶ εἶδον | 1 | Then I saw | After I saw those things, I saw | |
109 | REV | 5 | 1 | yhm3 | βιβλίον, γεγραμμένον ἔσωθεν καὶ ὄπισθεν | 1 | a scroll written on the front and on the back | a scroll with writing on the front and the back | |
110 | REV | 5 | 1 | aj7m | κατεσφραγισμένον σφραγῖσιν ἑπτά | 1 | sealed with seven seals | and it had seven seals keeping it closed | |
111 | REV | 5 | 5 | b6wg | figs-metaphor | ὁ λέων | 1 | The Lion | The king is spoken of as if he were a lion because a lion is very strong. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) |
112 | REV | 5 | 6 | v99j | writing-participants | 0 | General Information: | The Lamb appears in the throne room. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]]) | |
113 | REV | 5 | 8 | e3fh | writing-symlanguage | τοῦ Ἀρνίου | 1 | the Lamb | This is a young male sheep. Here is it used symbolically to refer to Christ. See how you translated this in [Revelation 5:6](../05/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]]) |
114 | REV | 5 | 8 | qak6 | writing-symlanguage | φιάλας χρυσᾶς γεμούσας θυμιαμάτων, αἵ εἰσιν αἱ προσευχαὶ τῶν ἁγίων | 1 | a golden bowl full of incense, which are the prayers of the saints | The incense here is a symbol for the believers' prayers to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]]) |
115 | REV | 5 | 9 | j1jn | ἐσφάγης | 1 | slaughtered | If your language has a word for killing an animal for a sacrifice, consider using it here. | |
116 | REV | 5 | 9 | zzc7 | ἐκ πάσης φυλῆς ... γλώσσης ... λαοῦ, καὶ ἔθνους | 1 | from every tribe, language, people, and nation | This means that people from every ethnic group are included. | |
117 | REV | 5 | 12 | gnv1 | 0 | Worthy is the Lamb who has been slaughtered | The Lamb who has been slaughtered is worthy | ||
118 | REV | 5 | 13 | sad6 | figs-merism | ἐν τῷ οὐρανῷ, καὶ ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς, καὶ ὑποκάτω τῆς γῆς | 1 | in heaven and on the earth and under the earth | This means everywhere: the place where God and the angels live, the place where people and animals live, and the place where those who have died are. See how you translated this in [Revelation 5:3](../05/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) |
119 | REV | 5 | 13 | t3zy | 0 | To the one who sits on the throne and to the Lamb be | May he who sits on the throne and the Lamb have | ||
120 | REV | 6 | intro | zkn7 | 0 | # Revelation 06 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>The author describes what happened after the Lamb opens each of the first six seals. The Lamb does not open the seventh seal until Chapter 8.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Seven Seals<br>Kings and important people in John's time wrote important documents on large pieces of paper or animal skin. They then rolled them up and sealed them with wax so they would stay closed. Only the person to whom the document was written had the authority to open it by breaking the seal. In this chapter, the Lamb opens the seals. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-apocalypticwriting]])<br><br>##### The Four Horsemen<br>As the Lamb opens each of the first four seals, the author describes horsemen riding different colored horses. The colors of the horses seem to symbolize how the rider will affect the earth.<br><br>#### Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>##### The Lamb<br>This refers to Jesus. In this chapter, it is also a title for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lamb]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br><br>##### Similes<br>In verses 12-14, the author uses several similes to try to describe the images he sees in the vision. He compares the images to everyday things. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])<br> | |||
121 | REV | 6 | 1 | i392 | 0 | Connecting Statement: | John continues to describe the events that happened before the throne of God. The Lamb begins to open the seals on the scroll. | ||
122 | REV | 6 | 1 | be7p | ἔρχου | 1 | Come! | This is a command to one person, apparently the rider of the white horse who is spoken of in verse 2. | |
123 | REV | 6 | 2 | r5mh | στέφανος | 1 | a crown | This was a wreath of olive branches or of laurel leaves like the wreaths that winning athletes received in contests at the time of John. | |
124 | REV | 6 | 5 | rm4y | ζυγὸν | 1 | a pair of scales | a tool used for weighing things | |
125 | REV | 6 | 6 | ej1v | καὶ ... τὸ ἔλαιον καὶ τὸν οἶνον μὴ ἀδικήσῃς | 1 | But do not harm the oil and the wine | If the oil and wine were harmed, there would be less of them for people to buy, and their prices would go up. | |
126 | REV | 6 | 6 | c5ik | figs-metonymy | τὸ ἔλαιον καὶ τὸν οἶνον | 1 | the oil and the wine | These expressions probably stand for the olive oil harvest and the grape harvest. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) |
127 | REV | 6 | 8 | tjw8 | figs-metonymy | ῥομφαίᾳ | 1 | the sword | A sword is a weapon, and here it represents war. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) |
128 | REV | 6 | 8 | n9x3 | ὑπὸ τῶν θηρίων τῆς γῆς | 1 | with the wild animals of the earth | This means that Death and Hades would cause the wild animals to attack and kill people. | |
129 | REV | 6 | 14 | jyb7 | figs-simile | ὁ οὐρανὸς ἀπεχωρίσθη ὡς βιβλίον ἑλισσόμενον | 1 | The sky vanished like a scroll that was being rolled up | The sky was normally thought of as being strong like a sheet of metal, but now it was weak like a sheet of paper and easily torn and rolled up. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) |
130 | REV | 6 | 15 | m6j6 | οἱ ... χιλίαρχοι | 1 | the generals | This word refers to the warriors who command in the battle. | |
131 | REV | 6 | 15 | vl6h | τὰ σπήλαια | 1 | caves | large holes in the sides of hills | |
132 | REV | 6 | 17 | i7t4 | figs-metaphor | ἦλθεν | 1 | has come | Existing now is spoken of as having come. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) |
133 | REV | 7 | intro | f27i | 0 | # Revelation 07 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>Scholars have interpreted parts of this chapter in many different ways. Translators do not need to fully understand what this chapter means to accurately translate its contents. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-apocalypticwriting]])<br><br>It is important to accurately translate the large numbers in this chapter. The number 144,000 is twelve times twelve thousand.<br><br>Translators should be aware that the tribes of the people of Israel are not listed in this chapter the same as they are generally listed in the Old Testament.<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with verses 5-8 and 15-17.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Worship<br>God saves his people and keeps them through times of trouble. His people respond by worshipping him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/worship]])<br><br>#### Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>##### The Lamb<br>This refers to Jesus. In this chapter, it is also a title for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br> | |||
134 | REV | 7 | 1 | b1yl | 0 | General Information: | John begins to describe a vision of 144,000 servants of God who become marked with seals. Their marking takes place after the Lamb opens the sixth seal and before he opens the seventh seal. | ||
135 | REV | 7 | 3 | je8m | μετώπων | 1 | foreheads | The forehead is the top of the face, above the eyes. | |
136 | REV | 7 | 7 | ru7t | 0 | Connecting Statement: | This continues the list of the people of Israel who were sealed. | ||
137 | REV | 7 | 9 | cj5k | 0 | General Information: | John begins to describe a second vision about a multitude praising God. This vision also takes place after the Lamb opens the sixth seal and before he opens the seventh seal. | ||
138 | REV | 7 | 10 | m5az | 0 | Salvation belongs to | Salvation comes from | ||
139 | REV | 7 | 11 | a45p | τῶν ... τεσσάρων ζῴων | 1 | the four living creatures | These are the four creatures mentioned in [Revelation 4:6-8](../04/06.md). | |
140 | REV | 7 | 12 | lf1m | 0 | Praise, glory ... be to our God | Our God is worthy of all praise, glory, wisdom, thanks, honor, power and strength | ||
141 | REV | 7 | 12 | d74f | 0 | forever and ever | These two words mean basically the same thing and emphasize that the praise will never end. | ||
142 | REV | 7 | 13 | wz8z | περιβεβλημένοι τὰς στολὰς τὰς λευκὰς | 1 | clothed with white robes | These white robes showed that they were righteous. | |
143 | REV | 7 | 15 | q73i | 0 | Connecting Statement: | The elder continues to speak to John. | ||
144 | REV | 7 | 15 | qs23 | 0 | they ... them | These words refer to those people who have come through the great tribulation. | ||
145 | REV | 7 | 16 | p6u7 | 0 | They ... them | These words refer to those people who have come through the great tribulation. | ||
146 | REV | 7 | 17 | wc49 | 0 | their ... them | These words refer to those people who have come through the great tribulation. | ||
147 | REV | 7 | 17 | b5rp | τὸ Ἀρνίον ... ἀνὰ μέσον τοῦ θρόνου | 1 | the Lamb at the center of the throne | the Lamb, who is standing in the middle of the area around the throne | |
148 | REV | 8 | intro | ma7f | 0 | # Revelation 08 General Notes<br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Seven seals and seven trumpets<br>This chapter begins to show what happens when the Lamb opens the seventh seal. God uses the prayers of all believers to cause dramatic things to happen on earth. John then describes what happens when angels sound the first four of seven trumpets. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-apocalypticwriting]])<br><br>#### Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>##### Passive voice<br>John uses the passive voice several times in this chapter. This hides who performs the action. This will be difficult to convey if the translator's language does not have a passive voice. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])<br><br>##### Similes<br>In verses 8 and 10, John uses similes to try to describe the images he sees in the vision. He compares the images to everyday things. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])<br> | |||
149 | REV | 8 | 1 | d652 | 0 | Connecting Statement: | The Lamb opens the seventh seal. | ||
150 | REV | 8 | 3 | f9g9 | 0 | he would offer it | he would offer the incense to God by burning it | ||
151 | REV | 8 | 6 | xys5 | 0 | General Information: | The seven angels sound the seven trumpets, one at a time. | ||
152 | REV | 8 | 10 | int4 | λαμπάς | 1 | torch | a stick with one end lit on fire to provide light | |
153 | REV | 8 | 11 | g4q5 | ἀπέθανον ἐκ τῶν ὑδάτων, ὅτι ἐπικράνθησαν | 1 | died from the waters that became bitter | died when they drank the bitter water | |
154 | REV | 9 | 1 | d26c | 0 | Connecting Statement: | The fifth of the seven angels begins to sound his trumpet. | ||
155 | REV | 9 | 1 | jim6 | εἶδον ἀστέρα ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ πεπτωκότα | 1 | I saw a star from heaven that had fallen | John saw the star after it had fallen. He did not watch if fall. | |
156 | REV | 9 | 1 | v12j | ἡ κλεὶς τοῦ φρέατος τῆς Ἀβύσσου | 1 | the key to the shaft of the bottomless pit | the key that unlocks the shaft of the bottomless pit | |
157 | REV | 9 | 1 | p886 | τῆς Ἀβύσσου | 1 | the bottomless pit | This is an extremely deep narrow hole. Possible meanings are 1) the pit has no bottom; it continues to go down further forever or 2) the pit is so deep that it is as if it had no bottom. | |
158 | REV | 9 | 2 | nd4n | ἐσκοτώθη | 1 | turned dark | became dark | |
159 | REV | 9 | 3 | mb9m | translate-unknown | ἀκρίδες | 1 | locusts | insects that fly together in large groups. People fear them because they can eat up all the leaves in gardens and on trees. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) |
160 | REV | 9 | 3 | mjf1 | translate-unknown | σκορπίοι | 1 | scorpions | small insects with poisonous stingers on their tails. Their sting is extremely painful and the pain lasts a long time. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) |
161 | REV | 9 | 4 | cl6p | ἐρρέθη αὐταῖς ... μὴ ἀδικήσουσιν τὸν χόρτον τῆς γῆς, οὐδὲ πᾶν χλωρὸν, οὐδὲ ... δένδρον | 1 | They were told not to damage the grass on the earth or any green plant or tree | Ordinary locusts were a terrible threat to people because when they swarm, they can eat up all the grass and all the leaves on plants and trees. These locusts were told not to do this. | |
162 | REV | 9 | 4 | tl6n | μετώπων | 1 | foreheads | The forehead is the top of the face, above the eyes. | |
163 | REV | 9 | 5 | vfj7 | αὐτούς | 1 | those people | the people whom the locusts were stinging | |
164 | REV | 9 | 5 | nm7q | 0 | to torture them for five months | The locusts would be allowed to do this for five months. | ||
165 | REV | 9 | 5 | a3dw | 0 | to torture them | to make them suffer terrible pain | ||
166 | REV | 9 | 5 | qtk9 | βασανισμὸς ... σκορπίου | 1 | the sting of a scorpion | A scorpion is a small insect with a poisonous stinger at the end of its long tail. The sting can cause severe pain or even death. | |
167 | REV | 9 | 7 | zh82 | 0 | General Information: | These locusts did not look like ordinary locusts. John describes them by telling how parts of them looked like other things. | ||
168 | REV | 9 | 7 | s9gl | στέφανοι ὅμοιοι χρυσῷ | 1 | crowns of gold | These were likenesses of wreaths of olive branches or laurel leaves, hammered out in gold. Examples actually made of leaves were given to victorious athletes to wear on their heads. | |
169 | REV | 9 | 10 | lim1 | ἐν ταῖς οὐραῖς αὐτῶν ἡ ἐξουσία αὐτῶν ἀδικῆσαι τοὺς ἀνθρώπους μῆνας πέντε | 1 | in their tails they had power to harm people for five months | Possible meanings are 1) they had power for five months to harm people or 2) they could sting people and the people would be in pain for five months. | |
170 | REV | 9 | 11 | fiu6 | τῆς Ἀβύσσου | 1 | the bottomless pit | This is an extremely deep narrow hole. Possible meanings are 1) the pit has no bottom; it continues to go down further forever or 2) the pit is so deep that it is as if it had no bottom. See how you translated this in [Revelation 9:1](../09/01.md). | |
171 | REV | 9 | 12 | ts26 | figs-metaphor | 0 | there are still two disasters to come | Existing in the future is spoken of as coming. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
172 | REV | 9 | 13 | cyb6 | 0 | Connecting Statement: | The sixth of the seven angels begins to sound his trumpet. | ||
173 | REV | 9 | 13 | q3a3 | κεράτων τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου τοῦ χρυσοῦ | 1 | horns of the golden altar | These are horn-shaped extensions at each of the four corners of the top of the altar. | |
174 | REV | 9 | 16 | h8uf | 0 | General Information: | Suddenly, 200,000,000 soldiers on horseback appear in John's vision. John is no longer speaking about the four angels mentioned in the previous verse. | ||
175 | REV | 9 | 17 | mzf7 | ἐκ τῶν στομάτων αὐτῶν ἐκπορεύεται πῦρ ... καπνὸς, καὶ θεῖον | 1 | out of their mouths came fire, smoke, and sulfur | fire, smoke, and sulfur came out of their mouths | |
176 | REV | 9 | 18 | q9mp | 0 | Connecting Statement: | John continues to describe the horses and the plagues brought upon humanity. | ||
177 | REV | 10 | 1 | xr6f | 0 | General Information: | John begins to describe a vision of a mighty angel holding a scroll. In John's vision he is viewing what is happening from earth. This takes place between the blowing of the sixth and seventh trumpets. | ||
178 | REV | 10 | 1 | jj2e | figs-metaphor | περιβεβλημένον νεφέλην | 1 | He was robed in a cloud | John speaks of the angel as if he were wearing a cloud as his clothing. This expression may be understood as metaphor. However, because very unusual things were often seen in visions, it might be understood as a literally true statement in its context. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) |
179 | REV | 10 | 2 | l3r8 | ἔθηκεν τὸν πόδα αὐτοῦ τὸν δεξιὸν ἐπὶ τῆς θαλάσσης, τὸν δὲ εὐώνυμον ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς | 1 | He put his right foot on the sea and his left foot on the land | He stood with his right foot on the sea and his left foot on the land | |
180 | REV | 10 | 3 | ubb9 | καὶ ἔκραξεν | 1 | Then he shouted | Then the angel shouted | |
181 | REV | 10 | 5 | l5xy | translate-symaction | ἦρεν τὴν χεῖρα αὐτοῦ τὴν δεξιὰν εἰς τὸν οὐρανόν | 1 | raised his right hand to heaven | He did this to show that he was swearing by God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) |
182 | REV | 10 | 6 | t2f6 | ὤμοσεν τῷ ζῶντι εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων | 1 | He swore by the one who lives forever and ever | He asked that what he was going to say would be confirmed by the one who lives forever and ever | |
183 | REV | 10 | 8 | t61f | 0 | Connecting Statement: | John hears the voice from heaven, which he had heard in [Revelation 10:4](../10/04.md), speak to him again. | ||
184 | REV | 10 | 8 | tkq7 | ἤκουσα | 1 | I heard | John heard | |
185 | REV | 10 | 9 | x13b | λέγει μοι | 1 | He said to me | The angel said to me | |
186 | REV | 11 | 1 | ba9b | 0 | General Information: | John begins to describe a vision about receiving a measuring rod and two witnesses that God appointed. This vision also takes place between the blowing of the sixth and seventh trumpets. | ||
187 | REV | 11 | 1 | ha6e | τοὺς προσκυνοῦντας ἐν αὐτῷ | 1 | those who worship in it | count those who worship in the temple | |
188 | REV | 11 | 2 | jae6 | πατήσουσιν | 1 | trample | to treat something as worthless by walking on it | |
189 | REV | 11 | 3 | jk7r | 0 | Connecting Statement: | God continues speaking to John. | ||
190 | REV | 11 | 6 | a7ed | στρέφειν | 1 | to turn | to change | |
191 | REV | 11 | 7 | i679 | Ἀβύσσου | 1 | bottomless pit | This is an extremely deep narrow hole. Possible meanings are 1) the pit has no bottom; it continues to go down further forever or 2) the pit is so deep that it is as if it had no bottom. See how you translated this in [Revelation 9:1](../09/01.md). | |
192 | REV | 11 | 8 | r45p | τὰ πτώματα αὐτῶν | 1 | Their bodies | This refers to the bodies of the two witnesses. | |
193 | REV | 11 | 8 | iea1 | ὁ Κύριος αὐτῶν | 1 | their Lord | They served the Lord, and like him would die in that city. | |
194 | REV | 11 | 9 | bp61 | 0 | They will not permit them to be placed in a tomb | This will be a sign of disrespect. | ||
195 | REV | 11 | 10 | dm89 | χαίρουσιν ἐπ’ αὐτοῖς, καὶ εὐφραίνονται | 1 | will rejoice over them and celebrate | will rejoice that the two witnesses have died | |
196 | REV | 11 | 10 | trs2 | translate-symaction | 0 | even send gifts to one another | This action shows how happy the people were. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) | |
197 | REV | 11 | 10 | h4pq | ὅτι οὗτοι ... δύο προφῆται ἐβασάνισαν τοὺς κατοικοῦντας ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς | 1 | because these two prophets tormented those who lived on the earth | This is the reason that the people will be so happy that the witnesses have died. | |
198 | REV | 11 | 12 | f8ze | καὶ ἤκουσαν | 1 | Then they will hear | Possible meanings are 1) the two witnesses will hear or 2) the people will hear what is said to the two witnesses. | |
199 | REV | 11 | 12 | l1x7 | λεγούσης αὐτοῖς | 1 | say to them | say to the two witnesses | |
200 | REV | 11 | 13 | f4r2 | ἔδωκαν δόξαν τῷ Θεῷ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ | 1 | give glory to the God of heaven | say that the God of heaven is glorious | |
201 | REV | 11 | 15 | l1be | 0 | Connecting Statement: | The last of the seven angels begins to sound his trumpet. | ||
202 | REV | 11 | 15 | sw4u | ἐγένετο ἡ βασιλεία τοῦ κόσμου τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν καὶ τοῦ Χριστοῦ αὐτοῦ | 1 | The kingdom of the world has become the kingdom of our Lord and of his Christ | Our Lord and his Christ are now the rulers of the world | |
203 | REV | 11 | 18 | kx7k | 0 | Connecting Statement: | The twenty-four elders continue praising God. | ||
204 | REV | 11 | 18 | amc2 | ὠργίσθησαν | 1 | were enraged | were extremely angry | |
205 | REV | 11 | 19 | b6ly | ἀστραπαὶ | 1 | flashes of lightning | Use your language's way of describing what lightning looks like each time it appears. See how you translated this in [Revelation 4:5](../04/05.md). | |
206 | REV | 11 | 19 | ap5g | φωναὶ ... βρονταὶ | 1 | rumblings, crashes of thunder | These are the loud noises that thunder makes. Use your language's way of describing the sound of thunder. See how you translated this in [Revelation 4:5](../04/05.md). | |
207 | REV | 12 | 1 | n4ii | 0 | General Information: | John begins to describe a woman who appears in his vision. | ||
208 | REV | 12 | 1 | tg62 | στέφανος ἀστέρων δώδεκα | 1 | a crown of twelve stars | This was apparently a likeness of a wreath made of laurel leaves or olive branches, but with twelve stars included in it. | |
209 | REV | 12 | 3 | y4c1 | 0 | Connecting Statement: | John describes a dragon that appears in his vision. | ||
210 | REV | 12 | 3 | s1j6 | writing-symlanguage | δράκων | 1 | dragon | This was a large, fierce reptile, like a lizard. For Jewish people, it was a symbol of evil and chaos. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]]) |
211 | REV | 12 | 4 | r1lr | ἡ οὐρὰ αὐτοῦ σύρει τὸ τρίτον τῶν ἀστέρων | 1 | His tail swept away a third of the stars | With his tail he swept away a third of the stars | |
212 | REV | 12 | 5 | zr5q | figs-metaphor | ποιμαίνειν πάντα τὰ ἔθνη ἐν ῥάβδῳ σιδηρᾷ | 1 | rule all the nations with an iron rod | Ruling harshly is spoken of as ruling with an iron rod. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Revelation 2:27](../02/27.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) |
213 | REV | 12 | 7 | tb66 | καὶ | 1 | Now | John uses this word to mark a shift in his account to introduce something else happening in his vision. | |
214 | REV | 12 | 8 | uj6a | 0 | So there was no longer any place in heaven for him and his angels | So the dragon and his angels could no longer stay in heaven | ||
215 | REV | 12 | 10 | yg1a | ἐβλήθη ὁ κατήγορος τῶν ἀδελφῶν ἡμῶν | 1 | the accuser of our brothers has been thrown down | This is the dragon that was thrown down in [Revelation 12:9](../12/09.md). | |
216 | REV | 12 | 11 | lkk6 | 0 | Connecting Statement: | The loud voice from heaven continues to speak. | ||
217 | REV | 12 | 11 | qmg8 | αὐτοὶ ἐνίκησαν αὐτὸν | 1 | They conquered him | They conquered the accuser | |
218 | REV | 12 | 13 | z3hb | ἐδίωξεν τὴν γυναῖκα | 1 | he pursued the woman | he chased after the woman | |
219 | REV | 12 | 14 | sxw1 | τοῦ ... ὄφεως | 1 | the serpent | This is another way of referring to the dragon. | |
220 | REV | 12 | 15 | c73v | ὄφις | 1 | serpent | This is the same being as the dragon mentioned earlier in [Revelation 12:9](../12/09.md). | |
221 | REV | 12 | 15 | a9wh | αὐτὴν ποταμοφόρητον | 1 | to sweep her away | to wash her away | |
222 | REV | 13 | intro | c9mw | 0 | # Revelation 13 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the words of verse 10, which are from the Old Testament.<br><br>#### Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>##### Similes<br>John uses many similes in this chapter. They help to describe the images that he sees in his vision. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])<br><br>#### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>##### Unknown animals<br>John uses different animals to try to describe what he saw. Some of these animals may not be known in the target language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])<br> | |||
223 | REV | 13 | 2 | xa3a | ἔδωκεν αὐτῷ ὁ δράκων τὴν δύναμιν αὐτοῦ | 1 | The dragon gave his power to it | The dragon made the beast as powerful as he was. He did not lose his power, however, by giving it to the beast. | |
224 | REV | 13 | 2 | c4wx | 0 | his power ... his throne, and his great authority to rule | These are three ways of referring to his authority, and together they emphasize that the authority was great. | ||
225 | REV | 13 | 3 | xx3h | ὀπίσω τοῦ θηρίου | 1 | followed the beast | obeyed the beast | |
226 | REV | 13 | 4 | yuu8 | ἔδωκεν τὴν ἐξουσίαν τῷ θηρίῳ | 1 | he had given his authority to the beast | he had caused the beast to have as much authority as he had | |
227 | REV | 13 | 6 | ru6v | εἰς βλασφημίας πρὸς τὸν Θεόν | 1 | to speak blasphemies against God | to say disrespectful things about God | |
228 | REV | 13 | 6 | k71y | 0 | blaspheming his name, the place where he lives, and those who live in heaven | These phrases tell how the beast spoke blasphemies against God. | ||
229 | REV | 13 | 7 | f5rl | πᾶσαν φυλὴν ... λαὸν ... γλῶσσαν, καὶ ἔθνος | 1 | every tribe, people, language, and nation | This means that people from every ethnic group are included. See how you translated a similar list in [Revelation 5:9](../05/09.md). | |
230 | REV | 13 | 8 | nr7r | προσκυνήσουσιν αὐτὸν | 1 | will worship it | will worship the beast | |
231 | REV | 13 | 8 | nj7e | ἀπὸ καταβολῆς κόσμου | 1 | since the creation of the world | when God created the world | |
232 | REV | 13 | 9 | tdy8 | 0 | General Information: | These verses are a break from John's account of his vision. Here he give a warning to the people reading his account. | ||
233 | REV | 13 | 10 | pk8r | 0 | Here is a call for the patient endurance and faith of the saints | God's holy people must endure patiently and be faithful | ||
234 | REV | 13 | 11 | pg7g | 0 | Connecting Statement: | John begins to describe another beast who appears in his vision. | ||
235 | REV | 13 | 12 | a2fp | τὴν ... γῆν καὶ τοὺς ἐν αὐτῇ κατοικοῦντας | 1 | the earth and those who live on it | everyone on the earth | |
236 | REV | 13 | 13 | z2ws | ποιεῖ | 1 | It performed | The beast from the earth performed | |
237 | REV | 13 | 15 | dey8 | τῇ εἰκόνι τοῦ θηρίου | 1 | the beast's image | This is the image of the first beast that had been mentioned. | |
238 | REV | 13 | 15 | ruk5 | 0 | cause all who refused to worship the beast to be killed | put to death anyone who refused to worship the first beast | ||
239 | REV | 13 | 16 | h9u9 | καὶ ποιεῖ πάντας | 1 | It also forced everyone | The beast from the earth also forced everyone | |
240 | REV | 13 | 17 | j8x4 | τὸ χάραγμα ... τοῦ θηρίου | 1 | the mark of the beast | This was an identifying mark that indicated that the person who received it worshiped the beast. | |
241 | REV | 13 | 18 | i46m | 0 | General Information: | This verse is a break from John's account of his vision. Here he gives another warning to the people reading his account. | ||
242 | REV | 13 | 18 | bbn2 | ἀριθμὸς ... ἀνθρώπου ἐστίν | 1 | is the number of a human being | Possible meanings are 1) the number represents one person or 2) the number represents all of humanity. | |
243 | REV | 14 | intro | q71v | 0 | # Revelation 14 General Notes<br>#### Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>##### Harvest<br><br>Harvest is when people go out to gather ripe food from plants. Jesus used this as a metaphor to teach his followers that they need to go and tell other people about him so those people can be part of God's kingdom. This chapter uses the metaphor of two harvests. Jesus gathers in his people from the whole earth. Then an angel gathers in wicked people whom God will punish. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]])<br> | |||
244 | REV | 14 | 1 | ck6y | 0 | Connecting Statement: | John begins to describe the next part of his vision. There are 144,000 believers standing before the Lamb. | ||
245 | REV | 14 | 1 | rf47 | guidelines-sonofgodprinciples | τοῦ Πατρὸς αὐτοῦ | 1 | his Father | This is an important title for God that describes the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) |
246 | REV | 14 | 2 | hwu4 | φωνὴν ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ | 1 | a voice from heaven | a sound from heaven | |
247 | REV | 14 | 6 | n1fr | 0 | Connecting Statement: | John begins to describe the next part of his vision. This is the first of three angels who proclaim judgment on the earth. | ||
248 | REV | 14 | 6 | pp1l | πᾶν ἔθνος ... φυλὴν ... γλῶσσαν, καὶ λαόν | 1 | every nation, tribe, language, and people | This means that people from every ethnic group are included. See how you translated a similar list in [Revelation 5:9](../05/09.md). | |
249 | REV | 14 | 8 | kg1i | figs-metonymy | ἣ ... πεπότικεν | 1 | who persuaded | Babylon is spoken of as if it were a person, instead of a city filled with people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) |
250 | REV | 14 | 8 | v3zk | figs-personification | τοῦ ... θυμοῦ τῆς πορνείας αὐτῆς | 1 | her immoral passion | Babylon is spoken of as if it were a prostitute who has caused other people to sin along with her. This may well have a double meaning: literal sexual immorality and also the worship of false gods. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) |
251 | REV | 14 | 9 | z6xp | ἐν φωνῇ μεγάλῃ | 1 | with a loud voice | loudly | |
252 | REV | 14 | 10 | bb38 | writing-symlanguage | τοῦ ... κεκερασμένου ἀκράτου | 1 | that has been poured undiluted | This means that the wine has no water mixed into it. It is strong, and a person who drinks much of it will get very drunk. As a symbol, it means that God will be extremely angry, not just a little angry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]]) |
253 | REV | 14 | 10 | zl4g | writing-symlanguage | ποτηρίῳ τῆς ὀργῆς αὐτοῦ | 1 | cup of his anger | This symbolic cup holds the wine that represents God's anger. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]]) |
254 | REV | 14 | 11 | hh91 | 0 | Connecting Statement: | The third angel continues to speak. | ||
255 | REV | 14 | 13 | x62q | οἱ νεκροὶ οἱ ... ἀποθνῄσκοντες | 1 | the dead who die | those who die | |
256 | REV | 14 | 13 | vd4m | τῶν κόπων | 1 | labors | difficulties and sufferings | |
257 | REV | 14 | 14 | ft6v | writing-symlanguage | 0 | John begins to describe the next part of his vision. This part is about the Son of Man harvesting the earth. Harvesting the grain is a symbol of God's judging people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]]) | ||
258 | REV | 14 | 14 | gvw8 | figs-simile | ὅμοιον Υἱὸν Ἀνθρώπου | 1 | one like a son of man | This expression describes a human figure, someone who looks human. See how you translated this in [Revelation 1:13](../01/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) |
259 | REV | 14 | 14 | i8se | στέφανον χρυσοῦν | 1 | golden crown | This was the likeness of a wreath of olive branches or laurel leaves, hammered out in gold. Examples actually made of leaves were given to victorious athletes to wear on their heads. | |
260 | REV | 14 | 14 | l89c | translate-unknown | δρέπανον | 1 | sickle | a tool with a curved blade used for cutting grass, grain, and vines (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) |
261 | REV | 14 | 15 | v6dy | ἐξῆλθεν ἐκ τοῦ ναοῦ | 1 | came out of the temple | came out of the heavenly temple | |
262 | REV | 14 | 15 | v2xf | figs-metaphor | ἦλθεν ἡ ὥρα θερίσαι | 1 | the time to reap has come | Existing in the present is spoken of as having come. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) |
263 | REV | 14 | 17 | fb4y | 0 | Connecting Statement: | John continues describing his vision about the earth being harvested. | ||
264 | REV | 14 | 19 | f3mn | τὴν ... ληνὸν τοῦ θυμοῦ τοῦ Θεοῦ τὸν μέγαν | 1 | the great wine vat of God's wrath | the large wine vat where God will show his wrath | |
265 | REV | 14 | 20 | xt4z | ἄχρι τῶν χαλινῶν τῶν ἵππων | 1 | up to the height of a horse's bridle | as high as the bridle in a horse's mouth | |
266 | REV | 14 | 20 | m2i9 | τῶν χαλινῶν | 1 | bridle | a device made of leather straps that goes around a horse's head and is used for directing the horse | |
267 | REV | 15 | 1 | p98c | 0 | General Information: | This verse is a summary of what will happen in 15:6-16:21. | ||
268 | REV | 15 | 1 | w6lf | 0 | seven angels with seven plagues | seven angels who had authority to send seven plagues on the earth | ||
269 | REV | 15 | 1 | mw7g | 0 | which are the final plagues | and after them, there will not be any more plagues | ||
270 | REV | 15 | 1 | gdt5 | ὅτι ἐν αὐταῖς ἐτελέσθη ὁ θυμὸς τοῦ Θεοῦ | 1 | for with them the wrath of God will be completed | Possible meanings are 1) these plagues will show all of God's anger or 2) after these plagues, God will no longer be angry. | |
271 | REV | 15 | 2 | ytq6 | 0 | General Information: | Here John begins to describe his vision of the people who had been victorious over the beast and who are praising God. | ||
272 | REV | 15 | 2 | lra7 | τοῦ ... ἀριθμοῦ τοῦ ὀνόματος αὐτοῦ | 1 | the number representing his name | This refers to the number described in [Revelation 13:18](../13/18.md). | |
273 | REV | 15 | 3 | l5hu | ᾄδουσιν | 1 | They were singing | Those who had been victorious over the beast were singing | |
274 | REV | 15 | 5 | v4ye | 0 | Connecting Statement: | The seven angels with the seven plagues come out of the most holy place. They were spoken of previously in [Revelation 15:1](../15/01.md). | ||
275 | REV | 15 | 5 | da6n | μετὰ ταῦτα | 1 | After these things | After the people finished singing | |
276 | REV | 15 | 6 | f9gq | οἱ ἑπτὰ ἄγγελοι οἱ ἔχοντες τὰς ἑπτὰ πληγὰς | 1 | the seven angels holding the seven plagues | These angels were seen as holding seven plagues because in [Revelation 17:7](../17/07.md) they are given seven bowls full of the wrath of God. | |
277 | REV | 15 | 6 | nei2 | λίθον | 1 | linen | a fine, expensive cloth made from flax | |
278 | REV | 15 | 6 | w9kw | ζώνας | 1 | sashes | A sash is a decorative piece of cloth worn on the upper body. | |
279 | REV | 15 | 8 | s67r | ἄχρι τελεσθῶσιν αἱ ἑπτὰ πληγαὶ τῶν ἑπτὰ ἀγγέλων | 1 | until the seven plagues of the seven angels were completed | until the seven angels finished sending the seven plagues to the earth | |
280 | REV | 16 | 1 | nj83 | 0 | Connecting Statement: | John continues to describe the part of the vision about the seven angels with the seven plagues. The seven plagues are the seven bowls of God's wrath. | ||
281 | REV | 16 | 2 | nux1 | χάραγμα τοῦ θηρίου | 1 | mark of the beast | This was an identifying mark that indicated that the person who received it worshiped the beast. See how you translated this in [Revelation 13:17](../13/17.md). | |
282 | REV | 16 | 3 | sx66 | figs-synecdoche | τὴν ... θάλασσαν | 1 | the sea | This refers to all the salt water lakes and oceans. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) |
283 | REV | 16 | 4 | xu1y | figs-synecdoche | ποταμοὺς καὶ τὰς πηγὰς τῶν ὑδάτων | 1 | rivers and the springs of water | This refers to all bodies of fresh water. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) |
284 | REV | 16 | 5 | f35a | τοῦ ἀγγέλου τῶν ὑδάτων | 1 | the angel of the waters | Possible meanings are 1) this refers to the third angel who was in charge of pouring out God's wrath on the rivers and springs of water or 2) this was another angel who was in charge of all the waters. | |
285 | REV | 16 | 6 | jy6a | αἷμα ... αὐτοῖς ἔδωκας πιεῖν | 1 | you have given them blood to drink | God will make the evil people drink the waters that he turned to blood. | |
286 | REV | 16 | 9 | rd4f | figs-metaphor | τὴν ἐξουσίαν ἐπὶ τὰς πληγὰς ταύτας | 1 | the power over these plagues | This refers to the power to inflict these plagues on people, and the power to stop the plagues. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) |
287 | REV | 16 | 10 | a2ud | figs-metonymy | τὸν θρόνον τοῦ θηρίου | 1 | the throne of the beast | This is where the beast reigns from. It may refer to the capital city of his kingdom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) |
288 | REV | 16 | 10 | pb1u | ἐμασῶντο | 1 | They chewed | The people in the beast's kingdom chewed. | |
289 | REV | 16 | 11 | kna6 | ἐβλασφήμησαν | 1 | They blasphemed | The people in the beast's kingdom blasphemed. | |
290 | REV | 16 | 13 | bb6d | ὡς βάτραχοι | 1 | looked like frogs | A frog is a small animal that lives near water. Jews considered them unclean animals. | |
291 | REV | 16 | 15 | u3v8 | 0 | General Information: | Verse 15 is a break from the main story line of John's vision. These are words spoken by Jesus. The story line continues in verse 16. | ||
292 | REV | 16 | 15 | l16g | figs-explicit | 0 | Look! I am coming ... his shameful condition | This is in parentheses to show that it is not part of the story line in the vision. Rather, this is something that the Lord Jesus said. It can be stated clearly that the Lord Jesus said this, as in the UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
293 | REV | 16 | 15 | lgi6 | figs-simile | ἔρχομαι ὡς κλέπτης | 1 | I am coming as a thief | Jesus will come at a time when people do not expect him, just as a thief comes when not expected. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Revelation 3:3](../03/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) |
294 | REV | 16 | 16 | m2v7 | συνήγαγεν αὐτοὺς | 1 | They brought them together | The spirits of the demons brought the kings and their armies together | |
295 | REV | 16 | 16 | x6ff | translate-names | Ἁρμαγεδών | 1 | Armageddon | This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) |
296 | REV | 16 | 17 | ny8p | 0 | Connecting Statement: | The seventh angel pours out the seventh bowl of God's wrath. | ||
297 | REV | 16 | 17 | a15p | figs-metonymy | 0 | Then a loud voice came out of the temple and from the throne | This means someone sitting on the throne or someone standing near the throne spoke loudly. It is unclear who is speaking. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
298 | REV | 16 | 18 | x586 | ἀστραπαὶ | 1 | flashes of lightning | Use your language's way of describing what lightning looks like each time it appears. See how you translated this in [Revelation 4:5](../04/05.md). | |
299 | REV | 16 | 18 | c9fa | φωναὶ ... βρονταί | 1 | rumbles, crashes of thunder | These are the loud noises that thunder makes. Use your language's way of describing the sound of thunder. See how you translated this in [Revelation 4:5](../04/05.md). | |
300 | REV | 16 | 20 | eb5w | 0 | Connecting Statement: | This is part of the seventh bowl of God's wrath. | ||
301 | REV | 17 | 1 | ppd7 | 0 | General Information: | John begins to describe the part of his vision about the great prostitute. | ||
302 | REV | 17 | 2 | ayw3 | figs-metaphor | τῆς ... πορνείας αὐτῆς | 1 | her sexual immorality | This may well have a double meaning: sexual immorality among people and also the worship of false gods. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) |
303 | REV | 17 | 3 | hf43 | writing-background | ἀπήνεγκέν με εἰς ἔρημον ἐν Πνεύματι | 1 | carried me away in the Spirit to a wilderness | The setting changes from John being in heaven to being in a wilderness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) |
304 | REV | 17 | 4 | rw19 | translate-unknown | μαργαρίταις | 1 | pearls | beautiful and valuable white beads. They are formed inside the shell of a certain kind of small animal that lives in the ocean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) |
305 | REV | 17 | 6 | iq7b | 0 | General Information: | The angel begins to explain to John the meaning of the prostitute and the red beast. The angel explains these things through verse 18. | ||
306 | REV | 17 | 6 | iwz1 | 0 | was drunk with the blood ... and with the blood | was drunk because she had drunk the blood ... and had drunk the blood | ||
307 | REV | 17 | 6 | yqi7 | τῶν ... μαρτύρων Ἰησοῦ | 1 | the martyrs for Jesus | the believers who have died because they told others about Jesus | |
308 | REV | 17 | 6 | ydi9 | ἐθαύμασα | 1 | astonished | amazed, surprised | |
309 | REV | 17 | 8 | upm7 | τῆς Ἀβύσσου | 1 | the bottomless pit | This is an extremely deep narrow hole. Possible meanings are 1) the pit has no bottom; it continues to go down further forever or 2) the pit is so deep that it is as if it had no bottom. See how you translated this in [Revelation 9:1](../09/01.md). | |
310 | REV | 17 | 8 | glf1 | figs-activepassive | εἰς ἀπώλειαν ὑπάγει | 1 | it will go on to destruction | The certainty of what will happen in the future is spoken of as if the beast were going to it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) |
311 | REV | 17 | 9 | p3lb | 0 | Connecting Statement: | The angel continues speaking. Here he explains the meaning of the seven heads of the beast that the woman is riding. | ||
312 | REV | 17 | 9 | i6ta | 0 | This calls for | This makes it necessary to have | ||
313 | REV | 17 | 11 | b1ct | ἐκ τῶν ἑπτά ἐστιν | 1 | it is one of those seven kings | Possible meanings are 1) the beast rules twice: first as one of the seven kings, and then as the eighth king or 2) the beast belongs to that group of seven kings because he is like them. | |
314 | REV | 17 | 12 | gq2m | 0 | Connecting Statement: | The angel continues speaking to John. Here he explains the meaning of the ten horns of the beast. | ||
315 | REV | 17 | 15 | zsh5 | ὄχλοι | 1 | multitudes | large groups of people | |
316 | REV | 17 | 15 | ua3s | figs-metonymy | γλῶσσαι | 1 | languages | This refers to people who speak the languages. See how you translated this in [Revelation 10:11](../10/11.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) |
317 | REV | 17 | 16 | j157 | ἠρημωμένην ποιήσουσιν αὐτὴν καὶ γυμνήν | 1 | make her desolate and naked | steal everything that she has and leave her with nothing | |
318 | REV | 17 | 18 | w2lu | 0 | Connecting Statement: | The angel finishes speaking to John about the prostitute and the beast. | ||
319 | REV | 18 | intro | j5qc | 0 | # Revelation 18 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with verses 1-8.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Prophecy<br><br>The angel prophesies about Babylon falling, which here means being destroyed. It is spoken of as having already happened. This is common in prophecy. It emphasizes that the coming judgment will certainly happen. The angel also prophesies that the people will lament over Babylon falling. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-apocalypticwriting]])<br><br>#### Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>##### Metaphors<br><br>Prophecy frequently uses metaphors. This chapter has a slightly different apocalyptic style than the Book of Revelation overall. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])<br> | |||
320 | REV | 18 | 1 | xxe5 | 0 | Connecting Statement: | Another angel comes down from heaven and speaks. This is a different angel than the one in the previous chapter, who spoke about the prostitute and the beast. | ||
321 | REV | 18 | 2 | a2f5 | figs-metaphor | 0 | Fallen, fallen is Babylon the great | The angel speaks of Babylon having been destroyed as if it had fallen. See how you translated this in [Revelation 14:8](../14/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
322 | REV | 18 | 3 | kp3p | figs-personification | τοῦ ... θυμοῦ τῆς πορνείας αὐτῆς | 1 | her immoral passion | Babylon is spoken of as if it were a prostitute who has caused other people to sin along with her. This may well have a double meaning: literal sexual immorality and also the worship of false gods. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) |
323 | REV | 18 | 3 | ejc5 | ἔμποροι | 1 | merchants | A merchant is a person who sells things. | |
324 | REV | 18 | 3 | ql37 | ἐκ ... τῆς ... δυνάμεως τοῦ στρήνους αὐτῆς | 1 | from the power of her sensual way of living | because she spent so much money on sexual immorality | |
325 | REV | 18 | 4 | e7c7 | 0 | Connecting Statement: | Another voice from heaven begins to speak. | ||
326 | REV | 18 | 7 | i9bm | 0 | Connecting Statement: | The same voice from heaven continues speaking about Babylon as if it were a woman. | ||
327 | REV | 18 | 7 | we2t | ἐδόξασεν αὑτὴν | 1 | she glorified herself | the people of Babylon glorified themselves | |
328 | REV | 18 | 7 | m3mg | figs-simile | κάθημαι‘ βασίλισσα | 1 | I am seated as a queen | She claims to be a ruler, having her own authority. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) |
329 | REV | 18 | 7 | dy5k | figs-metaphor | χήρα οὐκ εἰμί | 1 | I am not a widow | She implies that she will not be dependent on other people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) |
330 | REV | 18 | 8 | u6r9 | figs-metaphor | ἥξουσιν αἱ πληγαὶ αὐτῆς | 1 | her plagues will come | Existing in the future is spoken of a coming. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) |
331 | REV | 18 | 9 | pmz9 | 0 | Connecting Statement: | John tells what people say about Babylon. | ||
332 | REV | 18 | 9 | wk13 | μετ’ αὐτῆς πορνεύσαντες καὶ στρηνιάσαντες | 1 | committed sexual immorality and went out of control with her | sinned sexually and did whatever they wanted just as the people of Babylon did | |
333 | REV | 18 | 10 | qn81 | οὐαὶ‘, οὐαί | 1 | Woe, woe | This is repeated for emphasis. | |
334 | REV | 18 | 10 | hkd8 | figs-metaphor | ἦλθεν ἡ κρίσις σου | 1 | your punishment has come | Existing in the present is spoken of as having come. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) |
335 | REV | 18 | 11 | fe7u | πενθοῦσιν ἐπ’ αὐτήν | 1 | mourn for her | mourn for the people of Babylon | |
336 | REV | 18 | 12 | xm9u | translate-unknown | πορφύρας ... σιρικοῦ ... κοκκίνου | 1 | purple, silk, scarlet | Purple is a very dark red cloth that is very expensive. Silk is a soft, strong cloth made from the fine string that silkworms make when they make their cocoons. Scarlet is an expensive red cloth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) |
337 | REV | 18 | 12 | hir4 | πᾶν ... σκεῦος ἐλεφάντινον | 1 | every vessel of ivory | all kinds of containers made of ivory | |
338 | REV | 18 | 12 | b8xc | translate-unknown | μαρμάρου | 1 | marble | a precious stone used for building (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) |
339 | REV | 18 | 13 | gz3v | κιννάμωμον | 1 | cinnamon | a spice that smells nice and comes from the bark of a certain kind of tree | |
340 | REV | 18 | 13 | z894 | ἄμωμον | 1 | spice | a substance used to add flavor to food or a good smell to oil | |
341 | REV | 18 | 14 | a1aa | ἐπιθυμίας τῆς ψυχῆς | 1 | longed for with all your might | wanted very much | |
342 | REV | 18 | 16 | rtm9 | translate-unknown | μαργαρίτῃ | 1 | pearls | beautiful and valuable white beads. They are formed inside the shell of a certain kind of small animal that lives in the ocean. See how you translated this in [Revelation 17:4](../17/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) |
343 | REV | 18 | 21 | b94u | 0 | Connecting Statement: | Another angel begins to speak about Babylon. This is a different angel than the ones who have spoken previously. | ||
344 | REV | 18 | 21 | el4e | μύλινον | 1 | millstone | a large round stone used to crush grain | |
345 | REV | 18 | 23 | d3yq | 0 | Connecting Statement: | The angel who threw the millstone finishes talking. | ||
346 | REV | 19 | intro | h785 | 0 | # Revelation 19 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>The beginning of chapter 19 concludes the topic of Babylon falling.<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with verses 1-8.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Songs<br><br>The Book of Revelation often describes heaven as a place where people sing. They worship God with songs. This illustrates that heaven is a place where God is always worshiped. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]])<br><br>##### Wedding celebration<br><br>The wedding celebration or feast is an important image in Scripture. Jewish culture often pictured paradise, or life with God after death, as a feast. Here, the wedding feast is for the Lamb, who is Jesus, and his bride, who is all his people.<br> | |||
347 | REV | 19 | 1 | qu5h | 0 | General Information: | This is the next part of John's vision. Here he describes the rejoicing in heaven over the fall of the great prostitute, who is the city of Babylon. | ||
348 | REV | 19 | 2 | u1rp | figs-metaphor | τὴν πόρνην τὴν μεγάλην | 1 | the great prostitute | Here John refers to the city of Babylon whose wicked people rule over all the people of the earth and lead them to worship false gods. He speaks of the wicked people of Babylon as if they were a great prostitute. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) |
349 | REV | 19 | 5 | qdb3 | figs-merism | 0 | both the unimportant and the powerful | The speaker uses these words together to mean all of God's people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) | |
350 | REV | 19 | 6 | kq7n | figs-simile | καὶ ἤκουσα ὡς φωνὴν ὄχλου πολλοῦ ... ὡς φωνὴν ὑδάτων πολλῶν, καὶ ὡς φωνὴν βροντῶν ἰσχυρῶν | 1 | Then I heard what sounded like the voice of a great number of people, like the roar of many waters, and like loud crashes of thunder | John speaks of what he is hearing as if it were like the sound made by a very large crowd of people, a large body of rushing water, and very loud thunder. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) |
351 | REV | 19 | 6 | e3ua | ὅτι ... Κύριος | 1 | For the Lord | Because the Lord | |
352 | REV | 19 | 7 | hi52 | 0 | Connecting Statement: | The voice of the crowd from the previous verse continues speaking. | ||
353 | REV | 19 | 7 | bwf9 | figs-metaphor | 0 | wedding celebration of the Lamb ... his bride has made herself ready | Here John speaks of the joining of Jesus and his people together forever as if it were a wedding celebration. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
354 | REV | 19 | 7 | r5xt | writing-symlanguage | Ἀρνίου | 1 | Lamb | This is a young sheep. Here is it used symbolically to refer to Christ. See how you translated this in [Revelation 5:6](../05/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]]) |
355 | REV | 19 | 7 | j6d7 | figs-metaphor | ἦλθεν | 1 | has come | Existing in the present is spoken of as having come. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) |
356 | REV | 19 | 7 | q9e4 | figs-metaphor | ἡ γυνὴ αὐτοῦ ἡτοίμασεν ἑαυτήν | 1 | his bride has made herself ready | John speaks of God's people as if they were a bride who has gotten ready for her wedding. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) |
357 | REV | 19 | 9 | ayc4 | 0 | General Information: | An angel begins to speak to John. This is likely the same angel who began to speak to John in [Revelation 17:1](../17/01.md). | ||
358 | REV | 19 | 9 | q4ya | figs-metaphor | τὸ δεῖπνον τοῦ γάμου τοῦ Ἀρνίου | 1 | the wedding feast of the Lamb | Here the angel speaks of the joining of Jesus and his people forever as if it were a wedding feast. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) |
359 | REV | 19 | 10 | uq6h | ἔπεσα ἔμπροσθεν τῶν ποδῶν αὐτοῦ | 1 | I fell down at his feet | This means that John purposely lay on the ground and stretched himself out in reverence or submission. This action was an important part of worship, to show respect and willingness to serve. See note in [Revelation 19:3](../19/03.md). | |
360 | REV | 19 | 11 | xx12 | 0 | General Information: | This is the beginning of a new vision. John begins to describe a rider on a white horse. | ||
361 | REV | 19 | 11 | m1qn | καὶ εἶδον τὸν οὐρανὸν ἠνεῳγμένον | 1 | Then I saw heaven open | This imagery is used to signify the beginning of a new vision. See how you translated this idea in [Revelation 4:1](../04/01.md) and [Revelation 11:19](../11/19.md) and [Revelation 15:5](../15/05.md). | |
362 | REV | 19 | 11 | hcs8 | ὁ καθήμενος ... αὐτὸν | 1 | The one riding it | The rider is Jesus. | |
363 | REV | 19 | 12 | p9ak | figs-simile | 0 | His eyes are like a fiery flame | John speaks of the rider's eyes as if they shone like a flame of fire. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) | |
364 | REV | 19 | 15 | m9yn | ἐκ τοῦ στόματος αὐτοῦ ἐκπορεύεται ῥομφαία ὀξεῖα | 1 | Out of his mouth goes a sharp sword | The sword blade was sticking out of his mouth. The sword itself was not in motion. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Revelation 1:16](../01/16.md). | |
365 | REV | 19 | 15 | uq4z | figs-metaphor | ποιμανεῖ αὐτοὺς ἐν ῥάβδῳ σιδηρᾷ | 1 | rule them with an iron rod | John speaks of the rider's power as if he were ruling with an iron rod. See how you translated this in [Revelation 12:5](../12/05.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) |
366 | REV | 19 | 18 | khs9 | figs-merism | ἐλευθέρων τε καὶ δούλων ... μικρῶν καὶ μεγάλων | 1 | both free and slave, the unimportant and the powerful | The angel uses these two sets of opposite-meaning words together to mean all people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) |
367 | REV | 19 | 20 | gs37 | τὸ ... χάραγμα τοῦ θηρίου | 1 | the mark of the beast | This was an identifying mark that indicated that the person who received it worshiped the beast. See how you translated this in [Revelation 13:17](../13/17.md). | |
368 | REV | 19 | 21 | qk9t | τῇ ῥομφαίᾳ ... τῇ ἐξελθούσῃ ἐκ τοῦ στόματος | 1 | the sword that came out of the mouth | The sword blade was sticking out of his mouth. The sword itself was not in motion. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Revelation 1:16](../01/16.md). | |
369 | REV | 20 | intro | c7eh | 0 | # Revelation 20 General Notes<br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### The thousand-year reign of Christ<br><br>In this chapter, Jesus is said to reign for a thousand years, at the same time that Satan is bound. Scholars are divided over whether this refers to a future period of time or to Jesus reigning now from heaven. It is not necessary to understand this passage in order to translate it accurately. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])<br><br>##### Final rebellion<br><br>This chapter also describes what happens after the thousand years are ended. During this time, Satan and many people will attempt to rebel against Jesus. This will result in God's ultimate and final victory over sin and evil. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/eternity]])<br><br>##### Great white throne<br><br>This chapter ends with God judging all people who ever lived. God separates people who believe in Jesus from those who do not believe in him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]])<br><br>#### Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>##### Book of Life<br><br>This is a metaphor for eternal life. Those possessing eternal life are said to have their names written in this Book of Life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])<br><br>#### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>##### Hades and the lake of fire<br>These appear to be two distinct places. The translator may wish to do further research to determine how to translate these two places differently. They should not be made the same as each other in translation. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/hell]])<br> | |||
370 | REV | 20 | 1 | rkv7 | 0 | General Information: | John begins to describe a vision of an angel throwing the devil into the bottomless pit. | ||
371 | REV | 20 | 1 | c18c | Ἀβύσσου | 1 | bottomless pit | This is an extremely deep narrow hole. Possible meanings are 1) the pit has no bottom; it continues to go down further forever or 2) the pit is so deep that it is as if it had no bottom. See how you translated this in [Revelation 9:1](../09/01.md). | |
372 | REV | 20 | 2 | r6es | writing-symlanguage | δράκοντα | 1 | dragon | This was a large, fierce reptile, like a lizard. For Jewish people, it was a symbol of evil and chaos. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]]) |
373 | REV | 20 | 4 | lw2r | 0 | General Information: | This is the next part of John's vision. He describes suddenly seeing thrones and the souls of believers. | ||
374 | REV | 20 | 4 | tut2 | διὰ τὴν μαρτυρίαν Ἰησοῦ, καὶ διὰ τὸν λόγον τοῦ Θεοῦ | 1 | for the testimony about Jesus and for the word of God | because they had spoken the truth about Jesus and about the word of God | |
375 | REV | 20 | 5 | cw4j | οἱ λοιποὶ τῶν νεκρῶν | 1 | The rest of the dead | All of the other dead people | |
376 | REV | 20 | 8 | g429 | figs-simile | 0 | They will be as many as the sand of the sea | This emphasizes the extremely large number of soldiers in Satan's army. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) | |
377 | REV | 20 | 9 | jlc6 | ἀνέβησαν | 1 | They went | Satan's army went | |
378 | REV | 20 | 9 | f4t7 | τὴν ... πόλιν τὴν ἠγαπημένην | 1 | the beloved city | This refers to Jerusalem. | |
379 | REV | 20 | 11 | n8h9 | 0 | General Information: | This is the next part of John's vision. He describes suddenly seeing a great white throne and the dead being judged. | ||
380 | REV | 20 | 11 | pm1z | figs-personification | 0 | The earth and the heaven fled away from his presence, but there was no place for them to go | John describes heaven and earth as if they were people who were trying to escape God's judgment. This means that God completely destroyed the old heaven and earth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) | |
381 | REV | 20 | 13 | ea2h | figs-personification | 0 | The sea gave up the dead ... Death and Hades gave up the dead | Here John speaks of the sea, death, and Hades as if they were living persons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) | |
382 | REV | 21 | 1 | tj16 | 0 | General Information: | John begins to describe his vision of the new Jerusalem. | ||
383 | REV | 21 | 2 | er4u | figs-simile | ὡς νύμφην, κεκοσμημένην τῷ ἀνδρὶ αὐτῆς | 1 | like a bride adorned for her husband | This compares the new Jerusalem to a bride who has made herself beautiful for her bridegroom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) |
384 | REV | 21 | 3 | hpt1 | figs-parallelism | 0 | The dwelling place of God is with human beings, and he will live with them | These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize that God will, indeed, live among men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) | |
385 | REV | 21 | 6 | dq8n | figs-parallelism | τὸ Ἄλφα καὶ τὸ Ὦ, ἡ ἀρχὴ καὶ τὸ τέλος | 1 | the alpha and the omega, the beginning and the end | These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize God's eternal nature. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) |
386 | REV | 21 | 6 | wk2c | figs-metaphor | 0 | To the one who thirsts ... water of life | God speaks of a person's desire for eternal life as if it were thirst and of that person receiving eternal life as if he were drinking life-giving water. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
387 | REV | 21 | 7 | vms6 | 0 | Connecting Statement: | The one seated on the throne continues to speak to John. | ||
388 | REV | 21 | 8 | hma7 | τοῖς ... δειλοῖς | 1 | the cowards | those who are too afraid to do what is right | |
389 | REV | 21 | 8 | k8yp | ἀπίστοις ... ἐβδελυγμένοις | 1 | the detestable | those who do terrible things | |
390 | REV | 21 | 9 | cf2m | figs-personification | τὴν νύμφην, τὴν γυναῖκα τοῦ Ἀρνίου | 1 | the bride, the wife of the Lamb | The angel speaks of Jerusalem as if it were a woman who is about to marry her groom, the Lamb. Jerusalem is metonymy for those who believers who will inhabit it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) |
391 | REV | 21 | 9 | bil2 | writing-symlanguage | τοῦ Ἀρνίου | 1 | the Lamb | This is a young sheep. Here is it used symbolically to refer to Christ. See how you translated this in [Revelation 5:6](../05/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]]) |
392 | REV | 21 | 10 | czp2 | writing-background | ἀπήνεγκέν με ἐν Πνεύματι | 1 | carried me away in the Spirit | The setting changes as John is taken to a high mountain where he can see the city of Jerusalem. See how you translated this phrase in [Revelation 17:3](../17/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) |
393 | REV | 21 | 11 | xvg6 | figs-parallelism | ὅμοιος λίθῳ τιμιωτάτῳ, ὡς λίθῳ ἰάσπιδι κρυσταλλίζοντι | 1 | like a very precious jewel, like a stone of crystal-clear jasper | These two phrases mean basically the same thing. The second emphasizes the brilliance of Jerusalem by naming a specific jewel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) |
394 | REV | 21 | 11 | n51z | κρυσταλλίζοντι | 1 | crystal-clear | extremely clear | |
395 | REV | 21 | 11 | vvq1 | translate-unknown | ἰάσπιδι | 1 | jasper | This is a valuable stone. Jasper may have been clear like glass or crystal. See how you translated this in [Revelation 4:3](../04/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) |
396 | REV | 21 | 14 | mm12 | Ἀρνίου | 1 | Lamb | This refers to Jesus. See how you translated this in [Revelation 5:6](../05/06.md). | |
397 | REV | 21 | 18 | n3hu | figs-simile | χρυσίον καθαρὸν, ὅμοιον ὑάλῳ καθαρῷ | 1 | pure gold, like clear glass | The gold was so clear that it is spoken of as if it were glass. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) |
398 | REV | 21 | 18 | h239 | translate-unknown | ἴασπις | 1 | jasper | This is a valuable stone. Jasper may have been clear like glass or crystal. See how you translated this in [Revelation 4:3](../04/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) |
399 | REV | 21 | 19 | ke4b | translate-unknown | 0 | jasper ... sapphire ... agate ... emerald | These are valuable stones. Jasper may have been clear like glass or crystal. See how you translated it in [Revelation 4:3](../04/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) | |
400 | REV | 21 | 20 | a2tm | translate-unknown | 0 | onyx ... chrysolite ... beryl ... topaz ... chrysoprase ... jacinth ... amethyst | These are all precious gems. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) | |
401 | REV | 21 | 21 | yn6i | translate-unknown | μαργαρῖται | 1 | pearls | beautiful and valuable white beads. They are formed inside the shell of a certain kind of small animal that lives in the ocean. See how you translated this in [Revelation 17:4](../17/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) |
402 | REV | 21 | 21 | vp22 | figs-simile | χρυσίον καθαρὸν ὡς ὕαλος διαυγής | 1 | pure gold, like transparent glass | The gold was so clear that it is spoken of as if it was glass. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Revelation 21:18](../21/18.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) |
403 | REV | 21 | 22 | m2ew | figs-metaphor | 0 | Lord God ... and the Lamb are its temple | The temple represented God's presence. This means the new Jerusalem does not need a temple because God and the Lamb will live there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
404 | REV | 21 | 23 | v2m9 | figs-metaphor | 0 | its lamp is the Lamb | Here the glory of Jesus, the Lamb, is spoken of as if it were a lamp that gives light to the city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
405 | REV | 21 | 26 | ps25 | οἴσουσιν | 1 | They will bring | The kings of the earth will bring | |
406 | REV | 21 | 27 | cw99 | writing-symlanguage | τῷ ... τοῦ Ἀρνίου | 1 | the Lamb | This is a young sheep. Here is it used symbolically to refer to Christ. See how you translated this in [Revelation 5:6](../05/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]]) |
407 | REV | 22 | 1 | b1ad | 0 | Connecting Statement: | John continues to describe the new Jerusalem as the angel shows it to him. | ||
408 | REV | 22 | 1 | vl23 | ποταμὸν ὕδατος ζωῆς | 1 | the river of the water of life | the river flowing with life-giving water | |
409 | REV | 22 | 1 | yn2p | figs-metaphor | ποταμὸν ὕδατος ζωῆς | 1 | the water of life | Eternal life is spoken of as if it were provided by life-giving water. See how you translated this in [Revelation 21:6](../21/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) |
410 | REV | 22 | 1 | mxp4 | writing-symlanguage | τοῦ ... Ἀρνίου | 1 | the Lamb | This is a young sheep. Here is it used symbolically to refer to Christ. See how you translated this in [Revelation 5:6](../05/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]]) |
411 | REV | 22 | 6 | j51i | figs-explicit | 0 | General Information: | This is the beginning of the end of John's vision. In verse 6 the angel is speaking to John. In verse 7, Jesus is speaking. This can be shown clearly as is is in the UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
412 | REV | 22 | 8 | xr17 | 0 | General Information: | John tells his readers about how he responded to the angel. | ||
413 | REV | 22 | 8 | uvk3 | ἔπεσα προσκυνῆσαι ἔμπροσθεν τῶν ποδῶν | 1 | I fell down to worship at the feet | This means that John purposely lay on the ground and stretched himself out in reverence or submission. This action was an important part of worship, to show respect and willingness to serve. See how you translated similar words in [Revelation 19:10](../19/10.md). | |
414 | REV | 22 | 10 | gqa8 | 0 | Connecting Statement: | The angel finishes speaking to John. | ||
415 | REV | 22 | 12 | idc6 | writing-endofstory | 0 | General Information: | As the book of Revelation is ending, Jesus gives a closing greeting. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory]]) | |
416 | REV | 22 | 13 | f5jl | figs-parallelism | τὸ Ἄλφα καὶ τὸ Ὦ, ὁ πρῶτος καὶ ὁ ἔσχατος, ἡ ἀρχὴ καὶ τὸ τέλος | 1 | the alpha and the omega, the first and the last, the beginning and the end | These three phrases share similar meanings and emphasize that Jesus has and will exist for all time. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) |
417 | REV | 22 | 13 | cpl9 | figs-merism | ὁ πρῶτος καὶ ὁ ἔσχατος | 1 | the first and the last | This refers to the eternal nature of Jesus. See how you translated this in [Revelation 1:17](../01/17.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) |
418 | REV | 22 | 14 | r16s | 0 | Connecting Statement: | Jesus continues giving his closing greeting. | ||
419 | REV | 22 | 15 | aw1h | ἔξω | 1 | Outside | This means they are outside the city and not allowed to enter. | |
420 | REV | 22 | 17 | gig5 | 0 | Connecting Statement: | This verse is a response to what Jesus said. | ||
421 | REV | 22 | 17 | lt8j | figs-metaphor | ἡ νύμφη | 1 | the Bride | Believers are spoken of as if they were a bride about to be married to her groom, Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) |
422 | REV | 22 | 17 | e2m5 | figs-metaphor | 0 | Whoever is thirsty ... the water of life | A person's desire for eternal life is spoken of as if it were thirst and of that person receiving eternal life as if he were drinking life-giving water. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
423 | REV | 22 | 17 | dwb6 | figs-metaphor | ὕδωρ ζωῆς | 1 | the water of life | Eternal life is spoken of as if it were provided by life-giving water. See how you translated this in [Revelation 21:6](../21/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) |
424 | REV | 22 | 18 | fd5l | 0 | General Information: | John gives his final remarks about the book of Revelation. | ||
425 | REV | 22 | 18 | jzu8 | ἐάν τις ἐπιθῇ ἐπ’ αὐτά, ἐπιθήσει ὁ Θεὸς | 1 | If anyone adds to them ... God will add | This is a strong warning to not change anything about this prophecy. | |
426 | REV | 22 | 19 | ss3y | 0 | If anyone takes away ... God will take away | This is a strong warning to not change anything about this prophecy. | ||
427 | REV | 22 | 20 | u6mb | 0 | General Information: | In these verses John gives his and Jesus' closing greetings. | ||
428 | REV | 22 | 20 | y9p2 | ὁ μαρτυρῶν | 1 | The one who testifies | Jesus, who testifies | |
429 | REV | 22 | 21 | xr3d | 0 | with everyone | with every one of you |