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Add "Association" category (#456) 

Add "Association" category

Reviewed-on: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ta/pulls/456
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Perry J Oakes 2021-01-13 16:18:56 +00:00
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translate/figs-possession/01.md
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### Description
In common English, possession refers to having something, or to something that a person has. In English, that grammatical relationship is shown by using the word **“**of**,”** by using an apostrophe and the letter “s”, or by using a possessive pronoun.
In English, the grammatical form that commonly indicates possession is also used to indicate a variety of relationships between people and objects or people and other people. In English, that grammatical relationship is shown by using the word “**of**,” by using **an apostrophe and the letter “s”**, or by using a **possessive pronoun**. The following examples are different ways to indicate that my grandfather owns a house.
* the house **of** my grandfather
* my grandfather**‘s** house
* my grandfather **‘s** house
* **his** house
Possession is used in Hebrew, Greek, and English for a variety of situations. Here are a few common situations that it is used for.
* Ownership – Someone owns something.
* My clothes – The clothes that I own
* Social relationship – Someone has some kind of social relationship with another.
* Social Relationship – Someone has some kind of social relationship with another.
* my mother – the woman who gave birth to me, or the woman who cared for me
* my teacher – the person who teaches me
* Association – A particular thing is associated with a particular person, place, or thing.
* David's sickness – the sickness that David is experiencing
* the fear of the Lord – the fear that is appropriate for a human being to have when relating to the Lord
* Contents – Something has something in it.
* a bag of clothes – a bag that has clothes in it, or a bag that is full of clothes
* Part and whole: One thing is part of another.
@ -21,8 +24,8 @@ Possession is used in Hebrew, Greek, and English for a variety of situations. He
#### Reasons This Is a Translation Issue
* You (the translator) need to understand the relationship between two ideas represented by the two nouns when one possesses the other.
* Some languages do not use possession for all of the situations that your source text Bible might use it for.
* You (the translator) need to understand the relationship between two ideas represented by the two nouns when one is in the grammatical relationship of possessing the other.
* Some languages do not use grammatical possession for all of the situations that your source text Bible might use it for.
### Examples From the Bible
@ -34,6 +37,10 @@ Possession is used in Hebrew, Greek, and English for a variety of situations. He
> Then **the disciples of John** came to him. (Matthew 9:14a ULT)
**Association** – In the example below, the gospel is the message associated with Paul because he preaches it.
> Remember Jesus Christ, raised from the dead, from the seed of David, according to **my gospel**, (2 Timothy 2:8 ULT)
**Material** – In the example below, the material used for making the crowns was gold.
> On their heads were something like **crowns of gold.** (Revelation 9:7b)
@ -91,13 +98,13 @@ If possession would be a natural way to show a particular relationship between t
### Examples of Translation Strategies Applied
(1) Use an adjective to show that one noun describes the other. The adjective below is in bold print.
(1) Use an adjective to show that one noun describes the other.
> On their heads were something like **crowns of gold.** (Revelation 9:7b)
>
> > “On their heads were **gold crowns**”
(2) Use a verb to show how the two are related. In the example below, the added verb is in bold.
(2) Use a verb to show how the two are related.
> Whoever gives you **a cup of water** to drink … will not lose his reward. (Mark 9:41 ULT)
>
@ -106,19 +113,19 @@ If possession would be a natural way to show a particular relationship between t
> Wealth is worthless on **the day of wrath.** (Proverbs 11:4a ULT)
>
> > Wealth is worthless on **the day when God shows his wrath**.
> >
> > or:
> > Wealth is worthless on the **day when God punishes people because of his wrath**.
(3) If one of the nouns refers to an event, translate it as a verb. In the example below, that verb is in bold.
(3) If one of the nouns refers to an event, translate it as a verb. (In the example below, there are two possession relationships, "punishment of Yahweh" and "your God.")
> Notice that I am not speaking to your children, who have not known or seen **the punishment of Yahweh your God.** (Deuteronomy 11:2a ULT)
>
> > Notice that I am not speaking to your children who have not known or seen **how Yahweh your God punished the people of Egypt**.
> > Notice that I am not speaking to your children who have not known or seen **how Yahweh, the God whom you worship, punished the people of Egypt**.
>
> You will only observe and see the **punishment of the wicked**. (Psalms 91:8 ULT)
>
> > You will only observe and see **how Yahweh punishes the wicked**.
>
> You will receive the gift **of the Holy Spirit**. (Acts 2:38b ULT)
> You will receive **the gift of the Holy Spirit**. (Acts 2:38b ULT)
>
> > You will receive the **Holy Spirit, whom God will give to you**.