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justplainjane47-tc-create-1 (#426) 

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Edit 'translate/figs-hyperbole/01.md' using 'tc-create-app'

Edit 'translate/figs-hyperbole/01.md' using 'tc-create-app'

Edit 'translate/figs-hyperbole/01.md' using 'tc-create-app'

Edit 'translate/figs-hyperbole/01.md' using 'tc-create-app'

Edit 'translate/figs-hyperbole/01.md' using 'tc-create-app'

Edit 'translate/figs-hyperbole/01.md' using 'tc-create-app'

Edit 'translate/figs-hyperbole/01.md' using 'tc-create-app'

Edit 'translate/figs-hyperbole/01.md' using 'tc-create-app'

Created 'translate/figs-metaphor/01.md' using 'tc-create-app'

Co-authored-by: Richard Mahn <richard_mahn@wycliffeassociates.org>
Co-authored-by: justplainjane47 <justplainjane47@noreply.door43.org>
Reviewed-on: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ta/pulls/426
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Richard Mahn 2020-12-10 17:19:19 +00:00
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@ -2,13 +2,15 @@
A speaker or writer can use exactly the same words to say something that he means as completely true, or as generally true, or as a hyperbole. This is why it can be hard to decide how to understand a statement. For example, the sentence below could mean three different things.
* It rains here every night.
It rains here every night.
1. The speaker means this as literally true if he means that it really does rain here every night.
2. The speaker means this as a **generalization** if he means that it rains here most nights.
3. The speaker means this as a **hyperbole** if he wants to say that it rains more than it actually does, usually in order to express a strong attitude toward the amount or frequency of rain, such as being annoyed or being happy about it.
1. The speaker means this as literally true if he means that it really does rain here every night.
2. The speaker means this as a **generalization** if he means that it rains here most nights.
3. The speaker means this as a **hyperbole** if he wants to say that it rains more than it actually does, usually in order to express a strong attitude toward the amount or frequency of rain, such as being annoyed or being happy about it.
**Hyperbole**: In hyperbole, a figure of speech that uses exaggeration, a speaker deliberately describes something with an extreme or even unreal statement, usually to show his strong feeling or opinion about it. He expects people to understand that he is exaggerating.
#### Hyperbole
In hyperbole, a figure of speech that uses exaggeration, a speaker deliberately describes something with an extreme or even unreal statement, usually to show his strong feeling or opinion about it. He expects people to understand that he is exaggerating.
> They will not leave **stone upon stone in you.** (Luke 19:44b ULT)
@ -18,9 +20,11 @@ This is an exaggeration. It means that the enemies will completely destroy Jerus
This hyperbole means that he had learned everything an Egyptian education could offer.
**Generalization:** This is a statement that is true most of the time or in most situations that it could apply to.
#### Generalization 
> The one who ignores instruction **will have poverty and shame,**
This is a statement that is true most of the time or in most situations that it could apply to.
> The one who ignores instruction **will have poverty and shame,**
> but **honor will come** to him who learns from correction. (Proverbs 13:18)
These generalizations tell about what normally happens to people who ignore instruction and what normally happens to people who learn from correction. There may be some exceptions to these statements, but they are generally true.
@ -29,12 +33,12 @@ These generalizations tell about what normally happens to people who ignore inst
This generalization tells about what Gentiles were known for doing. Many Gentiles did this. It does not matter if a few did not. The point was that the hearers should not join in this well-known practice.
Even though a hyperbole or a generalization may have a strong-sounding word like “all,” “always,” “none,” or “never,” it does not necessarliy mean **exactly** “all,” “always,” “none,” or “never.” It simply means “most,” “most of the time,” “hardly any,” or “rarely.”
Even though a hyperbole or a generalization may have a strong-sounding word like “all,” “always,” “none,” or “never,” it does not necessarily mean **exactly** “all,” “always,” “none,” or “never.” It simply means “most,” “most of the time,” “hardly any,” or “rarely.”
#### Reason This Is a Translation Issue
1. Readers need to be able to understand whether or not a statement is literally true.
1. If readers realize that a statement is not literally true, they need to be able to understand whether it is a hyperbole, a generalization, or a lie. (Though the Bible is completely true, it tells about people who did not always tell the truth.)
1. Readers need to be able to understand whether or not a statement is literally true.
2. If readers realize that a statement is not literally true, they need to be able to understand whether it is a hyperbole, a generalization, or a lie. (Though the Bible is completely true, it tells about people who did not always tell the truth.)
### Examples From the Bible
@ -72,15 +76,15 @@ This is generally true, and it reflects the experience of most people. It is pos
#### Caution
Do not assume that something is an exaggeration just because it seems to be impossible. God does miraculous things.
* Do not assume that something is an exaggeration just because it seems to be impossible. God does miraculous things.
> They saw Jesus **walking on the sea** and coming near the boat. (John 6:19b ULT)
This is not hyperbole. Jesus really walked on the water. It is a literal statement.
Do not assume that the word “all” is always a generalization that means “most.”
* Do not assume that the word “all” is always a generalization that means “most.”
> Yahweh is righteous in **all** his ways
> Yahweh is righteous in **all** his ways
> and gracious in **all** he does. (Psalms 145:17 ULT)
Yahweh is always righteous. This is a completely true statement.
@ -89,11 +93,10 @@ Yahweh is always righteous. This is a completely true statement.
If the hyperbole or generalization would be natural and people would understand it and not think that it is a lie, consider using it. If not, here are other options.
(1) Express the meaning without the exaggeration.
(1) Express the meaning without the exaggeration.
(2) For a generalization, show that it is a generalization by using a phrase like “in general” or “in most cases.”
(3) For a hyperbole or a generalization, add a word like “many” or “almost” to show that the hyperbole or generalization is not meant to be exact.
(4) For a hyperbole or a generalization that has a word like “all,” always,” “none,” or “never,” consider deleting that word.
(3) For a hyperbole or a generalization, add a word like “many” or “almost” to show that the hyperbole or generalization is not meant to be exact.
(4) For a hyperbole or a generalization that has a word like “all,” always,” “none,” or “never,” consider deleting that word.
### Examples of Translation Strategies Applied
@ -106,19 +109,23 @@ If the hyperbole or generalization would be natural and people would understand
(2) For a generalization, show that it is a generalization by using a phrase like “in general” or “in most cases.”
> **The one who ignores instruction will have poverty and shame.** (Proverbs 13:18a ULT)
>> **In general,** the one who ignores instruction will have poverty and shame
> And when you pray, do not make useless repetitions as the Gentiles do, for they think that they will be heard because of their many words. (Matthew 6:7)
>> “And when you pray, do not make useless repetitions as the Gentiles **generally** do, for they think that they will be heard because of their many words.”
>
> > **In general,** the one who ignores instruction will have poverty and shame
>
> When you pray, do not make useless repetitions as the **Gentiles do,** for they think that they will be heard because of their many words. (Matthew 6:7 ULT) 
>
> > And when you pray, do not make useless repetitions as the Gentiles **generally** do, for they think that they will be heard because of their many words.
(3) For a hyperbole or a generalization, add a word like “many” or “almost” to show that the hyperbole or generalization is not meant to be exact.
> The **whole** country of Judea and **all** the people of Jerusalem went out to him. (Mark 1:5a ULT)
>> **Almost all** the country of Judea and **almost all** the people of Jerusalem went out to him.”
>> or:
>> **Many** of the country of Judea and **many** of the people of Jerusalem went out to him.”
>
> > **Almost all** the country of Judea and **almost all** the people of Jerusalem went out to him.”
> > or:
> > **Many** of the country of Judea and **many** of the people of Jerusalem went out to him.”
(4) For a hyperbole or a generalization that has a word like “all,” always,” “none,” or “never,” consider deleting that word.
> The **whole** country of Judea and **all** the people of Jerusalem went out to him. (Mark 1:5a ULT)
>> The country of Judea and the people of Jerusalem went out to him.
>
> > The country of Judea and the people of Jerusalem went out to him.