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UTN review EXO (#1587)
Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_02-EXO.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Co-authored-by: deferredreward <deferredreward@noreply.door43.org> Reviewed-on: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_tn/pulls/1587
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@ -24,7 +24,8 @@ EXO 1 8 t6jd figs-metonymy 0 arose over Egypt - **Egypt** refers to the people
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EXO 1 8 04cx figs-metonymy לֹֽא־יָדַ֖ע אֶת־יוֹסֵֽף 0 - **Joseph** - This refers to Joseph and all the good he did for Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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EXO 1 9 tf59 וַיֹּ֖אמֶר אֶל־עַמּ֑וֹ 0 He said to his people - **And he said** - “And the king said”
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EXO 1 9 aku3 <br>figs-exclamations הִנֵּ֗ה 0 - **Behold** - This statement draws special attention to what is about to be said. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
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EXO 1 9 x65i figs-possession עַמּ֑וֹ 0 his people - **his people** - These were the people who lived in Egypt, the Egyptians. They are spoken of as if they belonged to the king. This an instance of the social relationship possessive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
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EXO 1 9 x65i figs-possession עַמּ֑וֹ 0 his people - **his people** - They are spoken of as if they belonged to the king. This an instance of the social relationship possessive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
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EXO 1 9 t7s1 עַמּ֑וֹ 0 - **his people** - There is some ambiguity as to who exactly Pharaoh was addressing. It could have been: 1) the people who lived in Egypt, the Egyptians or 2) some group of "his people" like his advisors, generals, nobles, or friends and family. Even if option 1 is meant, its quite possible that he actually spoke to some smaller group of representatives as in option 2.
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EXO 1 9 jik8 מִמֶּֽנּוּ 0 - **compared to us** - How do you normally compare non-specific sizes of groups of people in your language?
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EXO 1 9 njuf figs-quotations הִנֵּ֗ה עַ֚ם בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל רַ֥ב וְעָצ֖וּם מִמֶּֽנּוּ 0 - **“Behold, the people of the sons of Israel are multitudinous and mighty compared to us... from the land** - The beginning of a single layer direct quote, the quote continues until the end of [verse 10](../01/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
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EXO 1 10 hiq4 figs-inclusive נִֽתְחַכְּמָ֖ה שֹׂ֣נְאֵ֔ינוּ בָּ֖נוּ 0 let us - **let us... hating us... with us** - The word “us” is inclusive and refers to the king and his people, the Egyptians. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]])
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@ -100,6 +101,7 @@ EXO 2 4 z1cy grammar-connect-logic-goal לְדֵעָ֕ה מַה־יֵּעָש
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EXO 2 5 knc4 grammar-connect-time-sequential וַתֵּ֤רֶד 0 - **And... came down** - After the ark was placed and while the sister was still stationed and watching. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential]])
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EXO 2 5 1vls figs-go וַתֵּ֤רֶד 0 - **And... came down** - The verb is literally "descend." If a perspective is required for Pharaoh's daughter, you may choose go or come as works best in your language. "Come" may be better as the scene is at the river and she comes to the scene location. However, you also need to consider your language's way of introducing new participants. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]]) (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
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EXO 2 5 3van writing-participants בַּת־פַּרְעֹה֙ וְנַעֲרֹתֶ֥יהָ 0 - **a daughter of Pharaoh... and her young women** - These women are introduced here as new participants. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
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EXO 2 5 im0d figs-metaphor עַל־יַ֣ד הַיְאֹ֑ר 0 - **along the hand of the river** - *Hand* is a metaphor for *side* which in this case can be translated as the *shore* or *bank* (UST) of the river. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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EXO 2 5 eko2 grammar-connect-time-simultaneous וְנַעֲרֹתֶ֥יהָ וַתֵּ֤רֶא 0 - **and her young women... and she saw** - These happened while Pharaoh's daughter was bathing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-simultaneous]])
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EXO 2 5 bi7s וְנַעֲרֹתֶ֥יהָ 0 her attendants - **her young women** - the young women whose job was to be with her and make sure nothing bad happened to her
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EXO 2 5 ydq7 grammar-connect-logic-result וַתִּשְׁלַ֥ח 0 - **and she sent** - As a result of seeing the ark, she sent her servant. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
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@ -118,9 +120,10 @@ EXO 2 8 ab1m figs-go לֵ֑כִי וַתֵּ֨לֶךְ֙ 0 - **"Go." And...
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EXO 2 8 2456 figs-quotations לֵ֑כִי 0 - **"Go"** - A single layer direct quote. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
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EXO 2 8 f8fd grammar-connect-logic-result וַתֵּ֨לֶךְ֙ הָֽעַלְמָ֔ה וַתִּקְרָ֖א 0 - **And the girl went and called** - The girl goes as a result of Pharaoh's daughter's command. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
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EXO 2 8 lyyj figs-possession בַּת־פַּרְעֹ֖ה אֵ֥ם הַיָּֽלֶד 0 **the daughter of Pharaoh... the mother of the child** - These are both possessive of social relationship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
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EXO 2 9 lmko figs-possession בַּת־פַּרְעֹ֗ה 0 **the daughter of Pharaoh** - This is possessive of social relationship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
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EXO 2 9 9rfb grammar-connect-time-sequential וַתֹּ֧אמֶר 0 - **And... said** - After the child's mother came Pharaoh's daughter spoke to her. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential]])
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EXO 2 9 u554 writing-participants לָ֣הּ 0 - **her** - The child's mother is reintroduced as a participant. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
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EXO 2 9 lmko figs-possession בַּת־פַּרְעֹ֗ה 0 **the daughter of Pharaoh** - This is possessive of social relationship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
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EXO 2 9 xp5x figs-quotations הֵילִ֜יכִי אֶת־הַיֶּ֤לֶד הַזֶּה֙ וְהֵינִקִ֣הוּ לִ֔י וַאֲנִ֖י אֶתֵּ֣ן אֶת־שְׂכָרֵ֑ךְ 0 - **Take this child and cause him to nurse for me, and I will give your wages.** - A single layer direct quote. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
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EXO 2 9 mogg שְׂכָרֵ֑ךְ 0 - **your wages** - this refers to payment that Pharaoh's daughter would give to the mother in exchange for her service of nursing.
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EXO 2 9 6i2n grammar-connect-logic-goal הֵילִ֜יכִי וְהֵינִקִ֣הוּ 0 - **take... and cause... to nurse** - The goal of the mother taking the child is for her to nurse him for Pharaoh's daughter. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-goal]])
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EXO 2 9 94sw grammar-connect-logic-result אֶתֵּ֣ן אֶת־שְׂכָרֵ֑ךְ 0 - **and I will give your wages** - as a result of the mother's service of nursing she will be paid. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
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@ -131,6 +134,7 @@ EXO 2 10 j7n1 וַֽיְהִי־לָ֖הּ לְבֵ֑ן 0 he became he
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EXO 2 10 h7to grammar-connect-time-simultaneous וַֽיְהִי־לָ֖הּ לְבֵ֑ן וַתִּקְרָ֤א שְׁמוֹ֙ מֹשֶׁ֔ה 0 - **and he became as a son to her. And she called his name Moses** - These events were likely simultaneous, her act of naming him may have been what made him as her son. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-simultaneous]])
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EXO 2 10 nh2m מֹשֶׁ֔ה וַתֹּ֕אמֶר כִּ֥י מִן־הַמַּ֖יִם מְשִׁיתִֽהוּ 0 Because I drew him from the water - **Moses and she said, “For out of the water I drew him."** - Translators may add a footnote that says “The name Moses sounds like the Hebrew word that means ‘draw out.’”
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EXO 2 10 o3uw grammar-connect-logic-result וַתִּקְרָ֤א שְׁמוֹ֙ מֹשֶׁ֔ה וַתֹּ֕אמֶר כִּ֥י מִן־הַמַּ֖יִם מְשִׁיתִֽהוּ׃ 0 - **And she called his name Moses and she said, “For out of the water I drew him."** - the text indicates that how she discovered the baby is the reason for her choice of name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
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EXO 2 10 ityq figs-quotations כִּ֥י מִן־הַמַּ֖יִם מְשִׁיתִֽהוּ׃ 0 - **For out of the water I drew him.** - A single layer direct quote. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
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EXO 2 10 yax4 translate-names מֹשֶׁ֔ה 0 drew him - **Moses** - (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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EXO 2 11 tyol grammar-connect-time-sequential וַיְהִ֣י׀ בַּיָּמִ֣ים הָהֵ֗ם וַיִּגְדַּ֤ל מֹשֶׁה֙ וַיֵּצֵ֣א 0 - **And it happened in those days that Moses had grown up and went out** - A significant amount of time has passed, later texts state that Moses was 40 years old at this point. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential]])
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EXO 2 11 p7gx writing-newevent וַיְהִ֣י׀ בַּיָּמִ֣ים הָהֵ֗ 0 - **And it happened in those days** - This introduces a new event in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
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@ -144,23 +148,66 @@ EXO 2 13 qn45 figs-go וַיֵּצֵא֙ 0 He went out - **And he went out**
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EXO 2 13 83e6 translate-ordinal הַשֵּׁנִ֔י 0 - **the second** - The ordinal number here could mean "the next day" (UST) or simply on some day following the events of the previous verse. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
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EXO 2 13 rgn1 figs-exclamations וְהִנֵּ֛ה 0 behold - **behold** - this shows that Moses was surprised by what he saw. You can use a word in your language that will give this meaning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
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EXO 2 13 i4d6 לָֽרָשָׁ֔ע 0 the one who was in the wrong - **the guilty one** - Based on Moses's question this means the aggressor or the man wrongfully attacking his neighbor. Alternate translation: “the man who was guilty of starting the fight”
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EXO 2 13 duob figs-quotations לָ֥מָּה תַכֶּ֖ה רֵעֶֽךָ 0 - **“Why are you striking your companion?”** - A direct quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
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EXO 2 14 qb2n figs-rquestion 0 Who made you a leader and judge over us? The man used this question to rebuke Moses for intervening in the fight. Alternate translation: “You are not our leader and have no right to judge us!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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EXO 2 14 k6s5 figs-rquestion 0 Are you planning to kill me as you killed that Egyptian? The man used a question here to be sarcastic. Alternate translation: “We know that you killed an Egyptian yesterday. You had better not kill me!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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EXO 2 15 hh78 0 Now when Pharaoh heard about it The word “now” is used here to mark a break in the event. Here the author starts to tell a new part of the incident.
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EXO 2 16 shg5 0 Now the priest of Midian had seven daughters The word “now” is used here to mark a break in the event. Here the author tells about new people in the narrative.
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EXO 2 16 i2jh 0 drew water This means that they brought up water from a well.
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EXO 2 16 g1e6 0 troughs a long, narrow, open container for animals to eat or drink out of
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EXO 2 17 r3lp 0 drive them away “chase them away”
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EXO 2 17 z17m 0 helped them “rescued them”
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EXO 2 20 x9yb figs-rquestion 0 Why did you leave the man? This question is a mild rebuke to the daughters for not inviting Moses into their home according to the normal hospitality of that culture. Alternate translation: “You should not have left this man at the well!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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EXO 2 21 zvr1 0 Moses agreed to stay with the man “Moses agreed to live with Reuel”
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EXO 2 21 y3q7 translate-names 0 Zipporah This is Reuel’s daughter. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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EXO 2 22 n5b1 translate-names 0 Gershom This is Moses’s son. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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EXO 2 22 q7d8 0 resident in a foreign land “stranger in a foreign land”
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EXO 2 23 csg2 0 groaned They did this because of their sorrow and misery. Alternate translation: “sighed deeply”
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EXO 2 23 x84a figs-personification 0 their pleas went up to God The cries of the Israelites are spoken of as if they were a person and were able to travel up to where God is. Alternate translation: “God heard their pleas” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
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EXO 2 24 sja4 figs-idiom 0 God called to mind his covenant This was a customary way of saying God thought about what He had promised. Alternate translation: “God remembered his covenant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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EXO 2 13 duob figs-quotations לָ֥מָּה תַכֶּ֖ה רֵעֶֽךָ 0 - **“Why are you striking your companion?”** - A single layer direct quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
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EXO 2 14 qb2n figs-rquestion מִ֣י שָֽׂמְךָ֞ לְאִ֨ישׁ שַׂ֤ר וְשֹׁפֵט֙ עָלֵ֔ינוּ 0 Who made you a leader and judge over us? The man used this question to rebuke Moses for intervening in the fight. Alternate translation: “You are not our leader and have no right to judge us!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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EXO 2 14 afne figs-quotations מִ֣י שָֽׂמְךָ֞ לְאִ֨ישׁ שַׂ֤ר וְשֹׁפֵט֙ עָלֵ֔ינוּ 0 - **“Who appointed you to be head man and judge over us? Are you saying to kill me like you killed the Egyptian?”** - A single level direct quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])<br><br><br><br>
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EXO 2 14 k6s5 figs-irony הַלְהָרְגֵ֨נִי֙ אַתָּ֣ה אֹמֵ֔ר כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר הָרַ֖גְתָּ אֶת־הַמִּצְרִ֑י 0 Are you planning to kill me as you killed that Egyptian? - **Are you saying to kill me like you killed the Egyptian?** - The man used a question here to be sarcastic. Alternate translation: “We know that you killed an Egyptian yesterday. You had better not kill me!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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EXO 2 14 d2ja הַלְהָרְגֵ֨נִי֙ אַתָּ֣ה אֹמֵ֔ר 0 - **Are you saying to kill me** - "Are you planning to kill me" or "Are you threatening to kill me"
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EXO 2 14 lyqh figs-quotations הַלְהָרְגֵ֨נִי֙ אַתָּ֣ה אֹמֵ֔ר כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר הָרַ֖גְתָּ אֶת־הַמִּצְרִ֑י 0 - **“Certainly the thing is known.”** - A single level direct quote. However, it is likely this is something Moses said to himself, that is a thought. Alternative translation (as indirect quote): *was afraid because he thought that everyone knew what he did.* (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])<br>
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EXO 2 15 hh78 grammar-connect-logic-result וַיְבַקֵּ֖שׁ 0 Now when Pharaoh heard about it - **and he sought** - As a result of Moses murdering the Egyptian Pharaoh wanted to kill Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])<br>
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EXO 2 15 yutr וַיְבַקֵּ֖שׁ לַהֲרֹ֣ג אֶת־מֹשֶׁ֑ה 0 - **and he sought to kill Moses** - Pharaoh most likely delegated this task. Alternative translations: "he sought to have Moses killed" (note that the passive form will not work in every language), "he ordered his soldiers to kill Moses" (UST)
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EXO 2 15 2xip grammar-connect-logic-result וַיִּבְרַ֤ח 0 - **And Moses fled** - Because Pharaoh wanted to kill Moses, he fled. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
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EXO 2 15 l5rc bita-hq מִפְּנֵ֣י 0 - **from his face** - His face means his presence. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/bita-hq]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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EXO 2 15 8b1d grammar-connect-time-sequential וַיֵּ֥שֶׁב 0 - **and he dwelt** - After Moses fled he settled in Midian. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential]])<br><br>
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EXO 2 15 ouog grammar-connect-time-simultaneous וַיֵּ֥שֶׁב 0 - **And he sat down** - While Moses was in Midian he sat by a well. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-simultaneous]])<br><br><br><br>
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EXO 2 15 otsl וַיֵּ֥שֶׁב וַיֵּ֥שֶׁב 0 - **dwelt... sat down** - These are the same verb. There are three possible interpretations:<br>1) Moses lived in Midian. He sat by this well one day. This may have been the well for the town he lived in.<br>2) Moses lived in Midian. His home was by this well.<br>3) Moses was a wanderer. He was in Midian and sat by this well when the next event occurred.<br>
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EXO 2 16 shg5 writing-background וּלְכֹהֵ֥ן מִדְיָ֖ן שֶׁ֣בַע בָּנ֑וֹת 0 Now the priest of Midian had seven daughters - **And the priest of Midian had seven daughters.** - This sentence is background information. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])<br>
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EXO 2 16 pjzc writing-newevent וּלְכֹהֵ֥ן מִדְיָ֖ן שֶׁ֣בַע בָּנ֑וֹת 0 - **And the priest of Midian had seven daughters.** - This sentence is used to mark a transition. However, the last clause of the previous verse ("and he sat down by a well") seems to be related to this new scene so you may want to make your transition there as is done in the UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])<br>
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EXO 2 16 e2wl grammar-connect-time-simultaneous וַתָּבֹ֣אנָה וַתִּדְלֶ֗נָה וַתְּמַלֶּ֨אנָה֙ 0 - **And they came and drew and filled up** - This series of events happened while Moses was sitting by the well. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-simultaneous]])<br><br><br><br>
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EXO 2 16 cfe5 writing-participants שֶׁ֣בַע בָּנ֑וֹת וַתָּבֹ֣אנָה 0 - **seven daughters. And they came** - The daughters are new participants. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
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EXO 2 16 sm8f figs-go וַתָּבֹ֣אנָה 0 - **And they came** - The perspective of the narrative is set at the well. The daughters came from elsewhere to the well. They were probably on foot. Each language will need to choose the appropriate word for "going" here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]])
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EXO 2 16 aot3 grammar-connect-logic-goal לְהַשְׁק֖וֹת צֹ֥אן אֲבִיהֶֽן 0 - **to cause the flock of their father to drink water** - This was their purpose in coming and drawing water from the well. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-goal]])<br><br>
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EXO 2 16 v5yk figs-possession וּלְכֹהֵ֥ן מִדְיָ֖ן שֶׁ֣בַע בָּנ֑וֹת 0 - **And the priest of Midian had seven daughters** - This is possessive of social relationship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])<br><br><br><br>
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EXO 2 16 esdm translate-numbers שֶׁ֣בַע 0 - **seven** - (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])<br><br><br><br>
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EXO 2 16 i2jh וַתִּדְלֶ֗נָה 0 drew water - **and drew** - This means that they brought up water from a well.
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EXO 2 16 g1e6 הָ֣רְהָטִ֔ים 0 troughs - **the troughs** - a long, narrow, open container for animals to eat or drink out of
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EXO 2 16 p3uo figs-possession צֹ֥אן אֲבִיהֶֽן 0 - **the flock of their father** - There are two possessives here: 1) *their father* is possessive of social relationship; 2) *the flock of ... father* is possessive of ownership. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])<br><br><br><br>
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EXO 2 17 r3lp grammar-connect-time-simultaneous וַיָּבֹ֥אוּ הָרֹעִ֖ים וַיְגָרְשׁ֑וּם 0 drive them away - **And the men who were shepherding came and drove them away** - This happened while the women's flock was still drinking. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-simultaneous]])
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EXO 2 17 k5yc figs-go וַיָּבֹ֥אוּ 0 - **And... came** - A group of men came. They may not have been far away before coming and driving the women away. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]])
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EXO 2 17 zksv writing-participants הָרֹעִ֖ים 0 - **the men who were shepherding** - These are new, very brief participants. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
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EXO 2 17 z17m grammar-connect-logic-contrast וַיָּ֤קָם 0 helped them - **but... arose** - Moses takes unexpected action. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
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EXO 2 17 yg3c grammar-connect-logic-goal וַיּ֣וֹשִׁעָ֔ן וַיַּ֖שְׁקְ אֶת־צֹאנָֽם 0 - **and saved them and caused their flock to drink water** - The reasons Moses got up were 1) to save the women from the shepherds and 2) to enable their flock to drink. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-goal]])
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EXO 2 18 lea8 grammar-connect-time-sequential וַתָּבֹ֕אנָה 0 - **And they came** - After completing their task with the sheep they returned home. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential]])
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EXO 2 18 omzv figs-go וַתָּבֹ֕אנָה 0 - **And they came** - The daughters came from the well to their father, probably on foot. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]])
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EXO 2 18 7t7t translate-names רְעוּאֵ֖ל 0 - **Reuel** - This name, or perhaps title, is used of the man otherwise called Jethro only here and in Numbers 10:29. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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EXO 2 18 95f3 writing-participants רְעוּאֵ֖ל 0 - **Reuel** - The priest of Midian was mentioned in [v. 16](../02/16.md) in a background statement but here is a new participant. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
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EXO 2 18 tiqh figs-possession אֲבִיהֶ֑ן 0 - **their father** - Possessive of social relationship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
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EXO 2 18 lukb figs-quotations מַדּ֛וּעַ מִהַרְתֶּ֥ן בֹּ֖א הַיּֽוֹם 0 - **“Why have you hurried coming today?”** - A single layer direct quote. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
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EXO 2 18 44at figs-go בֹּ֖א 0 - **coming** - Alternative translation: to return. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]])
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EXO 2 19 r01g figs-quotations אִ֣ישׁ מִצְרִ֔י הִצִּילָ֖נוּ מִיַּ֣ד הָרֹעִ֑ים וְגַם־דָּלֹ֤ה דָלָה֙ לָ֔נוּ וַיַּ֖שְׁקְ אֶת־הַצֹּֽאן 0 - **"An Egyptian... water."** - A single layer direct quote. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
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EXO 2 19 3g80 אִ֣ישׁ מִצְרִ֔י 0 - \*\*An Egyptian man\*\* - Jethro's daughters assume Moses was Egyptian.
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EXO 2 19 hvb4 figs-metonymy מִיַּ֣ד 0 - **from the hand** - *Hand* figuratively refers to the power, control, or actions of the shepherds. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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EXO 2 19 6gvb figs-doublet דָּלֹ֤ה דָלָה֙ 0 - **drew especially** - The doublet expresses surprise or emphasizes the magnitude of Moses's kind acts to the women. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
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EXO 2 20 x73j figs-possession בְּנֹתָ֖יו 0 - **his daughters** - Possessive of social relationship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
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EXO 2 20 x9yb figs-rquestion וְאַיּ֑וֹ לָ֤מָּה זֶּה֙ עֲזַבְתֶּ֣ן אֶת־הָאִ֔ישׁ 0 Why did you leave the man? - **And where is he? What is this? You left the man?** - These questions are a mild rebuke to the daughters for not inviting Moses into their home according to the normal hospitality of that culture. Alternate translation: “You should not have left this man at the well!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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EXO 2 20 p6xh figs-quotations וְאַיּ֑וֹ לָ֤מָּה זֶּה֙ עֲזַבְתֶּ֣ן אֶת־הָאִ֔ישׁ קִרְאֶ֥ן ל֖וֹ וְיֹ֥אכַל לָֽחֶם׃ 0 - **“And where is he? What is this? You left the man? Call him and he will eat bread!”** - A single level direct quote. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
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EXO 2 20 mb8w ל֖וֹ 0 - **him** - This refers to Moses.
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EXO 2 20 hal8 figs-synecdoche לָֽחֶם 0 - **bread** - This term is used to refer to food in general. Alternative translation: “food.”(See: [Synecdoche](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche))
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EXO 2 21 r4oi grammar-connect-time-sequential וַיּ֥וֹאֶל מֹשֶׁ֖ה לָשֶׁ֣בֶת אֶת־הָאִ֑ישׁ וַיִּתֵּ֛ן אֶת־צִפֹּרָ֥ה בִתּ֖וֹ לְמֹשֶֽׁה 0 - The exact sequence of events and amount of time covered by this verse is unknown. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
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EXO 2 21 zvr1 וַיּ֥וֹאֶל מֹשֶׁ֖ה לָשֶׁ֣בֶת אֶת־הָאִ֑ישׁ 0 Moses agreed to stay with the man “Moses agreed to live with Reuel”
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EXO 2 21 y3q7 translate-names צִפֹּרָ֥ה 0 Zipporah - **Zipporah** - This is Reuel’s (Jethro's) daughter. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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EXO 2 21 4j8b figs-possession בִתּ֖וֹ 0 - **his daughter** - this is a possessive of social relationship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
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EXO 2 22 n1ha grammar-connect-time-sequential וַתֵּ֣לֶד 0 - **And she birthed** - An unknown amount of time has passed since the previous events. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential]])
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EXO 2 22 n5b1 translate-names גֵּרְשֹׁ֑ם 0 Gershom This is Moses’s son. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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EXO 2 22 f76m translate-names גֵּרְשֹׁ֑ם 0 - **Gershom** - His name sounds somewhat like the Hebrew for "a stranger here." You may consider using a footnote to explain that. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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EXO 2 22 y5h0 grammar-connect-logic-result כִּ֣י אָמַ֔ר גֵּ֣ר הָיִ֔יתִי בְּאֶ֖רֶץ נָכְרִיָּֽה 0 - **for he said, “I have become a foreigner in a foreign land.”** - This is the reason given for naming his son Gershom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
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EXO 2 22 q7d8 גֵּ֣ר הָיִ֔יתִי בְּאֶ֖רֶץ נָכְרִיָּֽה 0 resident in a foreign land “stranger in a foreign land”
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EXO 2 23 wfec וַיְהִי֩ בַיָּמִ֨ים הָֽרַבִּ֜ים הָהֵ֗ם 0 - **And it happened in these many days** - A large amount of time went by. According to Stephen's sermon in Acts 7:30 Moses was in Midian 40 years.
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EXO 2 23 fjkt writing-newevent וַיְהִי֩ בַיָּמִ֨ים הָֽרַבִּ֜ים הָהֵ֗ם 0 - **And it happened in these many days** - This introduces a new section and series of events. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
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EXO 2 23 1kw0 writing-background וַיְהִי֩ בַיָּמִ֨ים הָֽרַבִּ֜ים הָהֵ֗ם 0 - **And it happened...** - Verses 23-25 give a summary of what happened in Egypt and with the Israelites and God while Moses was in exile. It gives scene setting background information. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
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EXO 2 23 csg2 וַיֵּאָנְח֧וּ 0 groaned - **groaned** - They did this because of their sorrow and misery. Alternate translation: “sighed deeply”
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EXO 2 23 x84a figs-personification וַתַּ֧עַל שַׁוְעָתָ֛ם 0 their pleas went up to God - **their plea ascended** - The cries of the Israelites are spoken of as if they were a person and were able to travel up to where God is. Alternate translation: “God heard their pleas” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
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EXO 2 24 sja4 figs-idiom וַיִּזְכֹּ֤ר אֱלֹהִים֙ 0 God called to mind his covenant - **and God remembered** - This was a customary way of saying God thought about what He had promised. Alternate translation: “God remembered his covenant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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EXO 3 intro n6ze 0 # Exodus 03 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter records one of the most important events in the history of the Israelite people: the revelation of the name Yahweh at the burning bush. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/reveal]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### God’s holiness<br>God is so holy that people could not look upon him without dying. This is why Moses covered his eyes. It is also why he took off his shoes. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Yahweh<br>The name Yahweh is sacred in the Hebrew religion. It is the personal name of God, which he revealed to Moses. It is by this name, he is known. Yahweh means “I am.” Some translations use all capitals to set this apart, “I AM.” Great care must be taken in translating the phrase “I am that I am.” (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/yahweh]])
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EXO 3 2 lwq7 0 angel of Yahweh This was Yahweh himself appearing as an angel, and not just an angel that Yahweh sent. “Yahweh appeared as an angel” .
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EXO 3 2 x5ci יְהֹוָ֥ה 0 Yahweh This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this.
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Reference in New Issue