NEH front intro k2y2 0 # Introduction to Nehemiah<br>## Part 1: General Introduction<br><br>#### Outline of Nehemiah<br><br>1. Nehemiah returns to Jerusalem and inspects the walls (1:1-2:20)<br>1. The people rebuild the walls of Jerusalem (3:1-4:23)<br>1. Nehemiah helps the poor and provides an unselfish example (5:1–19)<br>1. Enemies try to slow down the work, but the people finish the walls (6:1–19)<br>1. Nehemiah lists the people who returned from exile (7:6–73)<br>1. Ezra reads the Law of Yahweh and the people respond (8:1-10:39)<br>1. Nehemiah lists the people who lived in and around Jerusalem (11:1–36)<br>1. Nehemiah lists the priests and Levites (12:1–26)<br>1. The people dedicate the walls of Jerusalem (12:27–47)<br>1. Nehemiah corrects problems (13:1–31)<br><br>#### What is the Book of Nehemiah about?<br><br>A Jew named Nehemiah lived in Persia and worked for King Artaxerxes. Nehemiah received a report that the walls around Jerusalem were broken down. Nehemiah returned to Jerusalem to help rebuild the city walls. The walls around the city helped protect the city against armies and invaders.<br><br>#### How should the title of this book be translated?<br><br>The Book of Nehemiah is named for a Jewish leader named Nehemiah. Translators can use the traditional title "Nehemiah." Or they may choose a clearer title, such as "The Book about Nehemiah." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])<br><br>## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts<br><br>#### Why were Israelites not allowed to marry people from other nations?<br><br>Foreigners worshiped many false gods. Yahweh did not allow his people to marry foreigners. He knew this would cause the people of Israel to worship false gods. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]])<br><br>#### Did all of the people of Israel return to their homeland?<br><br>Many of the Jews remained in Babylon instead of returning to the Promised Land. Many of them were successful in Babylon and desired to remain there. However, this meant that they were unable to worship Yahweh in Jerusalem as their ancestors had done. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])<br><br>## Part 3: Important Translation Issues<br><br>#### How does the Book of Nehemiah use the term "Israel"?<br><br>The Book of Nehemiah uses the term "Israel" to refer to the kingdom of Judah. It was mostly made up of the tribes of Judah and Benjamin. The other ten tribes had ended their loyalty to any kings descended from David. God allowed the Assyrians to conquer the other ten tribes and take them into exile. As a result, they mixed with other people groups and did not return to the land of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/israel]])<br><br>#### Are the events in the Book of Nehemiah told in the order that they actually happened?<br><br>Some of the events in the Book of Nehemiah are not told in the order they actually happened. Translators should pay attention to notes that signal when events are probably out of order.<br>
NEH 01 intro y5jf 0 # Nehemiah 01 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>##### "The words of Nehemiah son of Hacaliah:"<br>This phrase serves as an introduction to this entire book.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Repentance<br>This chapter is a single long record of Nehemiah's repentance on behalf of the people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]])<br><br>#### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>##### I<br>While the author of this book is probably Ezra, the word "I" always refers to Nehemiah.<br><br>##### Israel<br>It is uncertain to whom "Israel" refers. It probably does not refer to the northern kingdom of Israel. Neither does it likely refer to the twelve tribes of Israel. Instead, it is probably a reference to Israel in the sense of the surviving people group. At Nehemiah's time, this people group exclusively comprised the tribe of Judah because the other tribes had already been scattered throughout the entire Near East, where they lost their identity, for the most part.<br>
NEH 01 01 bi9h translate-names 0 Nehemiah ... Hakaliah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 01 01 qd3e translate-hebrewmonths 0 in the month of Kislev "Kislev" is the ninth month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part of November and the first part of December on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 01 01 hn28 figs-explicit 0 in the twentieth year Nehemiah is referring to the number of years that Artaxerxes had been reigning as king. Alternate translation: "in the twentieth year of the reign of Artaxerxes, King of Persia" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
NEH 01 01 g6dl 0 fortress of Susa This was one of the royal cities of Persian kings, located in the country of Elam. It was a large, fortified city with high walls surrounding it.
NEH 01 02 f2ab translate-names 0 Hanani This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 01 02 l6cw 0 one of my brothers, Hanani Hanani was Nehemiah's biological brother.
NEH 01 02 lg14 0 Hanani, came with some people from Judah "Hanani came from Judah with some other people"
NEH 01 02 q7zi figs-explicit 0 the Jews who had escaped, the remnant of the Jews who were there These two phrases refer to the same group of people. Possible meanings are 1) the few Jews who were taken as exiles to Babylon but escaped and returned to live in Jerusalem or 2) the few Jews who had escaped from those who were trying to take them into exile in Babylon and so remained in Jerusalem. Since it is unclear from where they escaped, it may be best not to specify in the translation. Alternate translation: "the Jews who had escaped the exile and who remained in Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
NEH 01 03 igf2 0 They said to me Here "They" refers to Hanani and the other people who had come from Judah.
NEH 01 03 y1zg figs-explicit 0 the province Here "province" refers to Judah as an administrative district under the Persian Empire. Alternate translation: "the province of Judah" or "Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
NEH 01 03 pk3f figs-activepassive 0 the wall of Jerusalem has been broken open, and its gates have been set on fire This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "armies have broken open the wall of Jerusalem and have set its gates on fire" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
NEH 01 05 tzl8 figs-explicit 0 Then I said Nehemiah tells what he prayed. Alternate translation: "Then I said to Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
NEH 01 05 pf2l 0 Yahweh This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this.
NEH 01 05 zc64 figs-123person 0 who love him and keep his commandments Since Nehemiah is speaking to Yahweh, the pronouns "him" and "his" can be translated as "you" and "your." Alternate translation: "who love you and keep your commandments" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
NEH 01 06 g947 figs-metaphor 0 open your eyes "look at me." Here "open your eyes" is a metaphor that represents paying attention to someone. Alternate translation: "pay attention to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
NEH 01 06 qjf3 0 so you may hear the prayer of your servant "so that you may hear the prayer that I, your servant, am praying." The word "servant" refers to Nehemiah. This is how a person would address his superior in order to show humility and respect.
NEH 01 06 v8gx figs-merism 0 day and night By saying that he prays both during the day and during the night, Nehemiah emphasizes the frequency of his prayers. Alternate translation: "all the time" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
NEH 01 06 bxj6 figs-metonymy 0 Both I and my father's house Here the word "house" represents family. Alternate translation: "Both I and my family" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
NEH 01 08 pv64 figs-idiom 0 Please call to mind To "call to mind" is an idiom that means to remember. Alternate translation: "Please remember" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
NEH 01 08 y5jp figs-you 0 the word you commanded your servant Moses The pronouns "you" and "your" refer to God and so are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
NEH 01 08 b6qh figs-you 0 If you act unfaithfully ... scatter you The pronouns "you" and "your" are plural and refer to the Israelite people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
NEH 01 08 evf5 figs-metaphor 0 I will scatter you among the nations Yahweh speaks of causing the Israelite people to live in other nations as if he scattered them like one would scatter seeds. Alternate translation: "I will cause you to live among the nations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
NEH 01 09 dqn5 figs-you 0 if you return ... your people The pronouns "you" and "your" are plural and refer to the Israelite people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
NEH 01 09 cnn2 figs-activepassive 0 though your people were scattered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "though I scattered your people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
NEH 01 09 f8jz figs-idiom 0 under the farthest skies Yahweh speaks of places on the earth that are very far away as being "under the farthest skies." Alternate translation: "to places very far away" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
NEH 01 09 lgh9 figs-explicit 0 to that place where I have chosen ... remain This phrase refers to Jerusalem, where the temple was located. Alternate translation: "to Jerusalem, where I have chosen ... remain" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
NEH 01 09 g88j figs-metonymy 0 where I have chosen to make my name remain Here the word "name" represents Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: "where I have chosen to dwell" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
NEH 01 10 u4a8 0 General Information: Nehemiah continues his prayer.
NEH 01 10 w4qw 0 Now This word is used here to mark a break in Nehemiah's prayer. Here he begins to make his request based on Yahweh's promise.
NEH 01 10 mjx7 0 they are your servants The word "they" refers to the Israelite people.
NEH 01 10 zu4s figs-metonymy 0 by your great power and by your strong hand Here "hand" represents strength or power. Together, these two phrases form a doublet that emphasizes the intensity of Yahweh's power. Alternate translation: "by your great power and by your mighty strength" or "by your very powerful strength" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
NEH 01 11 jjm7 0 the prayer of your servant Here "servant" refers to Nehemiah. This is how a person would address his superior in order to show humility and respect. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 1:6](../01/06.md).
NEH 01 11 j433 0 the prayer of your servants Here "servants" refers to the rest of the Israelite people who would have been praying for Yahweh to act on behalf of his people and on behalf of Jerusalem.
NEH 01 11 hk3z figs-metonymy 0 who delight to honor your name Here "name" represents Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: "who delight to honor you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
NEH 01 11 kr99 0 grant him mercy in the sight of this man Here "him" refers to Nehemiah, who refers to himself in the third person to express his humility before God, and "this man" refers to Artaxerxes, the king of Persia.
NEH 01 11 r7af figs-metaphor 0 in the sight of this man Nehemiah speaks of the king's attitude or disposition as if it were how the king viewed something. Alternate translation: "grant that the king will have mercy on me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
NEH 01 11 h9hl writing-background 0 I served as cupbearer to the king This is background information about Nehemiah's role in the king's court. Your language may have a special way to mark background information. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
NEH 02 intro mj1d 0 # Nehemiah 02 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter begins the account of the construction of the wall. Many scholars believe these chapters teach valuable lessons on leadership ([Nehemiah 2-6](./01.md)).<br><br>##### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Nehemiah's character<br>Apparently, Nehemiah's character made an impression on the king. It was very unusual for a king to be so concerned with one of his servants. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br><br>##### Cultural Customs<br>In ancient Persia, they thought it was important for their conquered peoples to practice their own cultural customs. It was thought that this independence promoted peace in their vast kingdom. The rebuilding of Jerusalem may have been seen as a way to allow for the Jewish cultural practices.<br><br>##### Yahweh's control<br>Yahweh is seen as very powerful. He is able to provide for his people, even through a foreign king. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]])<br>
NEH 02 01 h3hu translate-hebrewmonths 0 In the month of Nisan "Nisan" is the name of the first month of the Hebrew calendar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]])
NEH 02 01 l63f translate-ordinal 0 in the twentieth year of Artaxerxes the king "in the 20th year that Artaxerxes was king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
NEH 02 01 k1vf writing-background 0 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Nehemiah tells background information about his demeanor before the king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
NEH 02 02 n5wy 0 But the king "So the king"
NEH 02 02 ue51 figs-synecdoche 0 Why is your face so sad Here Nehemiah is referred to by his face because the face shows one's emotions. Alternate translation: "Why are you so sad" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
NEH 02 02 g1k7 figs-synecdoche 0 This must be sadness of heart This speaks of Nehemiah being sad as if his heart were sad, since the heart is often considered the center of emotions. Alternate translation: "You must be very sad" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
NEH 02 02 eyt8 0 Then I became very much afraid As Nehemiah prepares to answer, he is afraid because he does not know how the king will respond.
NEH 02 03 qz4i figs-hyperbole 0 May the king live forever Nehemiah is showing honor to King Artaxerxes. Here "forever" is an exaggeration that refers to a long life. Alternate translation: "Long live the king" or "May the king have a long life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
NEH 02 03 klj6 figs-rquestion 0 Why should not my face be sad? Here Nehemiah uses this rhetorical question to tell the king that he has a reason to be sad. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "I have very good reasons to be sad." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
NEH 02 03 eh23 0 the place of my fathers' tombs "the place where my ancestors are buried"
NEH 02 03 g7f4 figs-activepassive 0 its gates have been destroyed by fire This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "fire has destroyed its gates" or "our enemy has burned its gates" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
NEH 02 05 uv1p 0 I replied to the king "Then I replied to the king"
NEH 02 05 u2zy 0 your servant Nehemiah refers to himself this way to show his submission to the king.
NEH 02 05 ae4b figs-metaphor 0 in your sight Here sight represents judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: "in your judgment" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
NEH 02 05 df8l 0 the city of my fathers' tombs "the city where my ancestors are buried"
NEH 02 05 l6nj figs-synecdoche 0 that I may rebuild it Nehemiah does not plan to do all of the building himself, but he will be the leader of the work. Alternate translation: "that I and my people may rebuild it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
NEH 02 07 rgj6 figs-activepassive 0 may letters be given to me This may be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "may you give letters to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
NEH 02 07 qp9n 0 the Province Beyond the River This is the name of the province that was west of the Euphrates River. It was across the river from the city of Susa.
NEH 02 08 ar5v translate-names 0 Asaph This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 02 08 wl1s figs-metonymy 0 the good hand of God was on me God's "good hand" represents his "favor." Alternate translation: "God's favor was upon me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
NEH 02 10 yz8p translate-names 0 Sanballat the Horonite Sanballat is the name of a man, and the Horonites were a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 02 10 eh4c translate-names 0 Tobiah the Ammonite servant This man was likely a freed slave now serving as an officer in Ammon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 02 10 vb3p 0 heard this "heard that I had arrived"
NEH 02 12 s7mw figs-metonymy 0 had put into my heart Here Nehemiah's "heart" refers to his thoughts and will. Alternate translation: "had inspired me" or "had led me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
NEH 02 12 wd63 0 There was no animal with me "There were no animals with me"
NEH 02 13 g1be figs-123person 0 General Information: A few men accompanied Nehemiah on this inspection, but he speaks in the first person because he was the primary person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
NEH 02 13 au61 0 I went out by night by the Valley Gate "At night, I went out through the Valley Gate"
NEH 02 13 pt1h 0 Jackal a wild dog
NEH 02 13 mif3 0 Dung Gate Presumably, refuse was removed from the city through this gate.
NEH 02 13 a8u1 figs-activepassive 0 which had been broken open, and the wooden gates were destroyed by fire This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "which Israel's enemies had broken open, and the wooden gates which their enemies had destroyed with fire" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
NEH 02 15 l39v figs-synecdoche 0 So I went up ... and I turned back The other men with Nehemiah also followed him. Alternate translation: "So we went up ... and we turned back" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
NEH 02 15 b637 0 by the Valley Gate "through the Valley Gate"
NEH 02 16 xd75 figs-explicit 0 the rest who did the work This refers to the men who would later rebuild the walls. Alternate translation: "the others who would later do the work of rebuilding the walls" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
NEH 02 17 we6m figs-you 0 You see the trouble Here "you" is plural, referring to all the people mentioned in [Nehemiah 2:16](../02/16.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
NEH 02 17 f468 figs-activepassive 0 its gates have been destroyed by fire This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "how our enemies destroyed its gates by fire" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
NEH 02 17 ll6y 0 so we will no longer be in disgrace "so we will no longer be ashamed"
NEH 02 18 twi7 figs-metonymy 0 the good hand of my God was on me God's "good hand" represents his "favor." Alternate translation: "my God's favor was upon me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
NEH 02 18 h3cj figs-idiom 0 rise up and build This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "begin building" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
NEH 02 18 y6ui figs-idiom 0 So they strengthened their hands for the good work The phrase "strengthened their hands" means to prepare to do something. Alternate translation: "So they prepared do this good work" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
NEH 02 19 et87 translate-names 0 Sanballat ... Tobiah These are the names of men. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 2:10](./10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 02 19 cxe8 translate-names 0 Geshem This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 02 19 ww1k figs-rquestion 0 What are you doing? Are you rebelling against the king? These rhetorical questions are used to mock Nehemiah. These can be written as statements. Alternate translation: "You are acting foolishly! You should not be rebelling against the king!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
NEH 02 19 u8ri 0 the king This refers to Artaxerses, the king of Persia.
NEH 02 20 iv9x figs-idiom 0 will arise and build This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "will begin rebuilding" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
NEH 02 20 a4e6 0 But you have no share, no right, and no historic claim in Jerusalem "But you have no share, legal right, or religious claim to Jerusalem"
NEH 03 intro dfw6 0 # Nehemiah 03 General Notes<br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Priests<br>The priests worked on rebuilding the city. Normally, the priests were exempt from this type of work. Because they helped, it emphasizes that this is a holy work and something done for Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br><br>##### Cooperation<br>Everyone worked on this project. Many names are mentioned to emphasize the cooperation between the different families. Each was given a section of the wall to rebuild.<br>
NEH 03 01 ald8 0 Then Eliashib the high priest rose up with his brother priests "Then Eliashib the high priest came forward with his brothers, the priests"
NEH 03 01 g9az translate-names 0 Eliashib This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 03 01 r9wn translate-numbers 0 Tower of the Hundred "Tower of the 100" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
NEH 03 01 e1th translate-names 0 Tower of Hananel This is the name of a tower. It is likely named after a man named "Hananel." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 03 02 q84s translate-names 0 Zaccur son of Imri This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 03 02 qf25 figs-possession 0 men of Jericho This means that the men were from Jericho. Alternate translation: "men from Jericho" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
NEH 03 03 bbm9 translate-names 0 Hassenaah This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 03 03 kxd6 0 set its doors "installed its doors" or "put its doors in place"
NEH 03 03 kc48 0 its bolts, and its bars "its locks and bars." These locked the gates securely.
NEH 03 04 c8hi translate-names 0 Meremoth ... Uriah ... Hakkoz ... Meshullam ... Berechiah ... Meshezabel ... Zadok ... Baana These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 03 04 inh2 figs-ellipsis 0 Meremoth repaired the next section ... Meshullam repaired ... Zadok repaired These phrases refer to repairing the wall. Alternate translation: "Meremoth repaired the next section of the wall ... Meshullam repaired the wall ... Zadok repaired the wall" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
NEH 03 05 nn6j figs-ellipsis 0 Tekoites repaired These phrases refer to repairing the wall. Alternate translation: "Tekoites repaired the wall" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
NEH 03 05 j3k4 translate-names 0 the Tekoites These are people from the town of Tekoa. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 03 05 r94d figs-activepassive 0 ordered by their supervisors This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that their supervisors had ordered them to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
NEH 03 06 i43m translate-names 0 Joiada ... Paseah and Meshullam ... Besodeiah These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 03 06 n1wi 0 set its doors "installed its doors" or "put its doors in place"
NEH 03 06 ykz8 0 its bolts, and its bars "its locks and bars." These locked the gates securely.
NEH 03 07 hu9u translate-names 0 Melatiah ... Jadon These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 03 07 ipe7 translate-names 0 Gibeonite ... Meronothite Gibeonites and Meronothites are people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 03 07 n6xg translate-names 0 Gibeon and Mizpah These are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 03 07 mj92 translate-names 0 the Province Beyond the River This is the name of the province that was west of the Euphrates River. It was across the river from the city of Susa. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 2:7](../02/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 03 08 b2yh translate-names 0 Uzziel ... Harhaiah ... Hananiah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 03 08 f4p5 0 goldsmiths A goldsmith is a person who makes gold jewelry and other gold objects.
NEH 03 08 mx88 figs-ellipsis 0 goldsmiths, repaired These phrases refer to repairing the wall. Alternate translation: "goldsmiths, repaired the wall" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
NEH 03 08 mm1q figs-ellipsis 0 next to him was Hananiah, a maker of perfumes Hananiah repaired the wall as well. Alternate translation: "next to him Hananiah, a maker of perfumes, repaired the wall" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
NEH 03 08 y25y 0 perfumes liquid substances that people put on their body in small amounts to smell pleasant
NEH 03 09 m5at translate-names 0 Rephaiah ... Hur These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 03 09 s3jz figs-ellipsis 0 Hur repaired Hur repaired the wall. Alternate translation: "Hur repaired the wall" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
NEH 03 09 avu2 0 ruler leader or chief administrator
NEH 03 09 rd4i translate-fraction 0 half the district "Half" means one part out of two equal parts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
NEH 03 10 k6g1 translate-names 0 Jedaiah ... Harumaph ... Hattush ... Hashabneiah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 03 10 v3be figs-ellipsis 0 Harumaph repaired ... Hashabneiah repaired These phrases refer to repairing the wall. Alternate translation: "Harumaph repaired the wall ... Hashabneiah repaired the wall" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
NEH 03 11 g61e translate-names 0 Malkijah ... Harim ... Hasshub ... Pahath-Moab These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 03 11 jy16 figs-ellipsis 0 repaired another section These words refer to repairing the wall. Alternate translation: "repaired another section of the wall" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
NEH 03 12 e9p4 translate-names 0 Shallum ... Hallohesh These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 03 12 wml3 figs-ellipsis 0 repaired, along with his daughters These phrase refer to repairing the wall. Alternate translation: "repaired another section of the wall ... repaired the wall, along with his daughters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
NEH 03 12 b7iq 0 Shallum son of Hallohesh, the ruler Shallum was the ruler, not Hallohesh.
NEH 03 12 l1db 0 ruler leader or chief administrator. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 3:9](../03/09.md).
NEH 03 12 b6fx translate-fraction 0 half the district "Half" means one part out of two equal parts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
NEH 03 13 itt7 translate-names 0 Hanun This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 03 13 w5le 0 the inhabitants of Zanoah "the people from Zanoah"
NEH 03 13 ek5q translate-names 0 Zanoah This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 03 13 i9v2 0 the Valley Gate "the Gate of the Valley" or "the Gate that Leads to the Valley." Try to translate this expression as a name, not just as a description.
NEH 03 13 d3h9 0 set its doors "installed its doors" or "put its doors in place"
NEH 03 13 nsg3 0 its bolts, and its bars "its locks and bars." These locked the gates securely.
NEH 03 13 l7zc figs-explicit 0 They repaired a thousand cubits as far as the Dung Gate They repaired the portion of the wall between the Valley Gate and the Dung Gate. Alternate translation: "They repaired a thousand cubits of the wall, from the Valley Gate to the Dung Gate" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
NEH 03 13 x484 figs-explicit 0 They repaired a thousand cubits It is understood that they were repaing the wall of Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "They repaired a thousand cubits of the wall" or "They repaired another thousand cubits of the wall beyond the Valley Gate" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
NEH 03 13 kw6h translate-bdistance 0 a thousand cubits "1,000 cubits." This may be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: "460 meters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
NEH 03 13 r9e4 0 the Dung Gate Presumably, refuse was removed from the city through this gate. Try to translate this expression as a name, not just as a description.
NEH 03 14 w494 translate-names 0 Malkijah ... Recab These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 03 14 u2dk 0 Malkijah son of Recab, the ruler Malkijah was the ruler, not Recab.
NEH 03 14 d9dt 0 ruler leader or chief administrator. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 3:9](../03/09.md).
NEH 03 14 d8sa translate-names 0 Beth Hakkerem This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 03 14 xn3i 0 He ... set its doors "He installed its doors" or "He put its doors in place"
NEH 03 14 if44 0 its bolts, and its bars "its locks, and its bars." These locked the gates securely.
NEH 03 15 bd9j translate-names 0 Shallun ... Kol-Hozeh These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 03 15 l7wu 0 Shallun son of Kol-Hozeh, the ruler Shallun was the ruler, not Kol-Hozeh.
NEH 03 15 c8rt figs-possession 0 the wall of the Pool of Siloam This means that the wall was beside the Pool of Siloam. Alternate translation: "the wall that surrounded the Pool of Siloam" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
NEH 03 16 x774 translate-names 0 Nehemiah This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 03 16 shf9 0 Nehemiah son of Azbuk, the ruler Nehemiah was the ruler, not Azbuk.
NEH 03 16 l3hf 0 Nehemiah This is a different man named Nehemiah from the person who authored this book.
NEH 03 16 kmx6 0 ruler leader or chief administrator. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 3:9](../03/09.md).
NEH 03 16 sc4c translate-fraction 0 half the district "Half" means one part out of two equal parts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
NEH 03 16 ngr2 translate-names 0 Beth Zur These are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 03 16 c5bs figs-ellipsis 0 repaired to the place These phrases refer to repairing the wall. Alternate translation: "repaired the wall up to the place" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
NEH 03 16 u2s6 0 mighty men "warriors"
NEH 03 17 str7 translate-names 0 Rehum ... Bani ... Hashabiah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 03 17 l6vw translate-names 0 Keilah This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 03 17 a88s figs-ellipsis 0 Levites repaired These phrases refer to repairing the wall. Alternate translation: "Levites repaired the wall" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
NEH 03 17 y3tu 0 for his district "representing his district" or "on behalf of his district"
NEH 03 18 h5qz figs-ellipsis 0 After him their countrymen repaired These words refer to repairing the wall. Alternate translation: "Next to him their countrymen repaired the wall" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
NEH 03 18 b6sj 0 After him "Next to him"
NEH 03 18 gc2h translate-names 0 Binnui ... Henadad These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 03 18 ca6t 0 Binnui son of Henadad, the ruler Binnui was the ruler, not Henadad.
NEH 03 18 yh3z translate-names 0 Keilah This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 03 19 yt87 figs-ellipsis 0 repaired another section These words refer to repairing the wall. Alternate translation: "repaired another section of the wall" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
NEH 03 19 f6if translate-names 0 Ezer ... Jeshua These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 03 19 g2y6 translate-names 0 Mizpah This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 03 19 gcc6 0 Ezer son of Jeshua, the ruler Ezer was the ruler, not Jeshua.
NEH 03 19 c8s5 0 that faced the ascent to the armory "in front of the steps that went up to the armory"
NEH 03 19 xtj9 0 armory the place where weapons are kept
NEH 03 20 a7k9 0 After him "Next to him"
NEH 03 20 r638 translate-names 0 Baruch ... Zabbai ... Eliashib These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 03 20 i7kj figs-ellipsis 0 repaired another section This refers to repairing the wall. Alternate translation: "repaired another section of the wall" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
NEH 03 21 z4b7 translate-names 0 Meremoth ... Uriah ... Hakkoz These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 03 22 m3ey figs-ellipsis 0 around Jerusalem, repaired These phrases refer to repairing the wall. Alternate translation: "around Jerusalem, repaired the wall" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
NEH 03 23 q2zh figs-ellipsis 0 Benjamin and Hasshub repaired ... Azariah ... repaired These phrases refer to repairing the wall. Alternate translation: "Benjamin and Hasshub repaired the wall ... Azariah ... repaired the wall" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
NEH 03 23 v3fr translate-names 0 Benjamin ... Hasshub ... Azariah These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 03 23 z8p6 0 After them "Next to them"
NEH 03 23 gv74 0 opposite their own house "in front of their own house"
NEH 03 24 c3eh figs-ellipsis 0 Binnui ... repaired These phrases refer to repairing the wall. Alternate translation: "Binnui ... repaired the wall" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
NEH 03 24 ajs6 translate-names 0 Binnui ... Henadad These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 03 24 k7tj 0 After him "Next to him"
NEH 03 25 l8jv 0 Palal ... repaired ... Parosh repaired These phrases refer to repairing the wall. Alternate translation: "Palal ... repaired the wall ... Parosh repaired the wall"
NEH 03 25 q3r3 translate-names 0 Palal ... Uzai ... Pedaiah ... Parosh These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 03 25 dae6 0 the tower that extends upward "the tower that rises up"
NEH 03 25 pt6e 0 upper house of the king "higher palace of the leader of Israel"
NEH 03 25 isu9 0 the courtyard of the guard This is the place where the guards stayed.
NEH 03 25 d1jm 0 After him "Next to him"
NEH 03 26 l5q4 0 servants ... repaired These words refer to repairing the wall. Alternate translation: "servants ... repaired the wall"
NEH 03 26 b53g translate-names 0 Ophel This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 03 26 ah1b 0 opposite the Water Gate "in front of the Water Gate"
NEH 03 26 mz47 0 the projecting tower "the tall tower." The phrase "the projecting tower" means a tall tower that juts out from the wall.
NEH 03 27 d719 0 Tekoites repaired another section These phrases refer to repairing the wall. Alternate translation: "the Tekoites repaired another section of the wall"
NEH 03 27 mgm7 translate-names 0 the Tekoites These are people from the town of Tekoa. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 3:5](../03/05.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 03 27 j6gz 0 the great projecting tower "the tall tower." The phrase "the projecting tower" means a tall tower that juts out from the wall. It is likely that this phrase refers to the same tower as "the tall tower" in verse 26.
NEH 03 28 wt87 figs-ellipsis 0 priests repaired These words refer to repairing the wall. Alternate translation: "priests repaired the wall" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
NEH 03 28 d5qa 0 above the Horse Gate The word "above" is used here because the priests' houses were likely located at a higher elevation than the Horse Gate.
NEH 03 28 d5uv 0 opposite his own house "in front of his own house"
NEH 03 29 q9qb figs-ellipsis 0 repaired the section ... east gate, repaired These phrases refer to repairing the wall. Alternate translation: "repaired the section of the wall ... east gate, repaired the wall" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
NEH 03 29 rvu2 0 After them "Next to them"
NEH 03 29 n271 translate-names 0 Zadok ... Immer ... Shemaiah ... Shecaniah These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 03 29 f74e 0 Shemaiah son of Shecaniah, the keeper of the east gate Shemaiah was the keeper of the east gate, not Shecaniah.
NEH 03 29 e9mh 0 the keeper of the east gate "the person who looked after the east gate" or "the person who opened and closed the east gate"
NEH 03 30 x9q4 figs-ellipsis 0 repaired another section ... repaired opposite These phrases refer to repairing the wall. Alternate translation: "priests repaired the wall ... repaired the section of the wall ... east gate, repaired the wall ... repaired another section of the wall ... repaired the wall opposite" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
NEH 03 30 s2s5 0 After him "Next to him"
NEH 03 30 r5y4 translate-names 0 Hananiah ... Shelemiah ... Hanun ... Zalaph ... Meshullam ... Berechiah These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 03 30 nn44 translate-ordinal 0 the sixth son "son 6" or "son number 6" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
NEH 03 30 bv3t 0 opposite his living chambers "in front of the rooms where he stayed." The word "his" refers to Meshullam.
NEH 03 31 ifp5 0 After him "Next to him"
NEH 03 31 d33p translate-names 0 Malkijah This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 03 31 uuc7 0 goldsmiths A goldsmith is a person who makes gold jewelry and other gold objects.
NEH 03 31 lb9z figs-ellipsis 0 repaired to the house These words refer to repairing the wall. Alternate translation: "repaired the wall to the house" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
NEH 03 31 ye2u 0 merchants "sellers" or "traders"
NEH 03 31 r6sv 0 upper living chambers the higher-level rooms where people stayed
NEH 03 32 p1kr figs-ellipsis 0 merchants repaired These words refer to repairing the wall. Alternate translation: "merchants repaired the wall" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
NEH 03 32 x1tq 0 Sheep Gate This is the name of an entranceway in the wall.
NEH 04 intro tlj9 0 # Nehemiah 04 General Notes<br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Dedication<br>The people were so dedicated to rebuilding the walls that they worked with their weapons ready for battle right next to them. Even when they were threatened with an attack, they continued to trust in Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]])<br><br>#### Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>##### Rhetorical Questions<br><br>Sanballat uses a series of rhetorical questions. These are intended to show his intense anger against the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])<br>
NEH 04 01 rnw3 0 Now when Sanballat Here Nehemiah uses the word "now" to signal a new part of the story.
NEH 04 01 vfu4 translate-names 0 Sanballat This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 2:10](../02/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 04 01 s6td figs-metaphor 0 it burned within him, and he was furiously angry Here "it" refers to Sanballat's realization that the Jews are rebuilding the walls. This speaks of Sanballat becoming very angry as if his anger were a burning fire. Alternate translation: "he became furiously angry" or "he became very angry" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
NEH 04 02 v3qv 0 In the presence of his brothers "In the presence of his kinsmen" or "In the presence of his clan"
NEH 04 02 d5n2 figs-rquestion 0 What are these feeble ... Will they restore ... Will they offer ... Will they finish the work in a day? Sanballat poses these questions to mock the Jews. These can be written as statements. Alternate translation: "These feeble Jews can accomplish nothing. They will never restore the city for themselves. They will not offer sacrifices. They will not finish the work in a day." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
NEH 04 02 r9lb 0 feeble Jews "weak Jews"
NEH 04 02 uk3w figs-metaphor 0 in a day This speaks of not finishing something quickly by saying that it cannot be accomplished in a day. Alternate translation: "quickly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
NEH 04 02 ps9n figs-rquestion 0 Will they bring to life the stones from the piles of rubble after they were burned? Sanballat also poses this question to mock the Jews. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "They will not bring to life again the stones from piles of rubble that were burned." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
NEH 04 02 hr7v figs-metaphor 0 bring to life the stones from the piles of rubble after they were burned This speaks of the people rebuilding the city as if they were bring it back to life. Alternate translation: "restore the city and rebuild its walls from the useless stones that were burned and turned into rubble" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
NEH 04 02 b96n figs-activepassive 0 from the piles of rubble after they were burned This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "from piles of rubble that someone had burned" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
NEH 04 03 alw5 translate-names 0 Tobiah This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 2:10](../02/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 04 03 da2t figs-hyperbole 0 If only a fox went up on what they are building, it would break down their stone wall Sanaballat mocks the wall and exaggerates how weak it is by saying that a fox could knock it down. Alternate translation: "That wall they are building is so weak that even if a little fox climbed up on it, their stone wall would fall to the ground" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
NEH 04 04 buk3 figs-activepassive 0 Hear, our God, for we are despised Here the word "we" refers to the Jews. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Hear, our God, for our enemies despise us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
NEH 04 04 pgh8 figs-activepassive 0 give them up to be plundered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "let their enemies rob them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
NEH 04 04 z6nz figs-synecdoche 0 Turn back their taunts on their own heads The phrase "their taunts" refers to Sanballat's and Tobiah's insults. Here the word "heads" refers to the whole people. Alternate translation: "Turn their taunts onto themselves" or "Cause their insulting words to mock themselves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
NEH 04 05 mc9p 0 Do ... to anger. Nehemiah continues the prayer he began with the words "Hear, our God" in verse 4. You may show that this is a prayer by making it a direct quote. "Then I prayed, 'Hear, our God, ... they are prisoners. Do not cover ... the builders to anger.'"
NEH 04 05 zz8h figs-metaphor 0 Do not cover over This speaks of a forgiving a person's sins as if they were a object that could be physically hidden. Alternate translation: "Do not forgive" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
NEH 04 05 k9rw 0 do not erase their sin from before you This speaks of forgetting a person's sins as if they were something written that could be erased. Alternate translation: "do not forget their sins
NEH 04 05 mbi1 0 they have provoked the builders to anger "they have made the builders become angry"
NEH 04 06 r475 0 So we built the wall "So we rebuilt the wall"
NEH 04 06 mhm5 figs-activepassive 0 all the wall was joined together to half its height This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "we joined the wall together and it was half its total height" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
NEH 04 06 ef8p translate-fraction 0 half its height "Half" means one part out of two equal parts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
NEH 04 07 gsb7 figs-metaphor 0 a great anger burned within them This speaks of the people being very angry as if their anger were something that burned inside them. Alternate translation: "they became very angry" or "they became enraged" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
NEH 04 08 b6im figs-metonymy 0 against Jerusalem Here "Jerusalem" refers to the people who live there. Alternate translation: "against the people of Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
NEH 04 09 vz1d 0 set a guard as protection "put men around the wall to guard the city"
NEH 04 10 vc8h 0 There is too much rubble Rubble is "burned stone" or "broken rock" or "unusable stone."
NEH 04 11 yuc9 0 They will not know or see until we come among them "They will not see us coming until we are beside them"
NEH 04 12 q1mv figs-hyperbole 0 from all directions This represents many directions. The word "all" is an exaggeration for represents "many." Alternate translation: "from many directions" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
NEH 04 12 t8f2 figs-metonymy 0 spoke to us ten times Here the number 10 is used to represent "many." Alternate translation: "spoke to us many times" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
NEH 04 13 xc8b 0 in the exposed areas "in the vulnerable areas"
NEH 04 13 mj33 figs-synecdoche 0 I positioned each family This refers to several people from each family, this likely does not include the women and children. Alternate translation: "I positioned people from each family" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
NEH 04 14 hh3w figs-idiom 0 Call to mind the Lord the phrase "call to mind" means to remember. Alternate translation: "Remember the Lord" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
NEH 04 15 puc1 0 It came about "It happened that"
NEH 04 15 qxa7 figs-activepassive 0 their plans were known to us This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "we knew about their plans" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
NEH 04 16 gh9g 0 my servants worked "my young men worked"
NEH 04 16 f9in translate-fraction 0 half of my servants ... half of them "Half" means one part out of two equal parts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
NEH 04 16 gl4t 0 the leaders stood behind all the people "the leaders positioned themselves behind all the people"
NEH 04 17 uya2 figs-hyperbole 0 Everyone worked with one hand, and with the other hand he held his weapon This is an exaggeration. They did not always work with only one hand, but they always had their weapon with them so that they were prepared to protect themselves and those around them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
NEH 04 19 yn7h 0 I said Here "I" refers to Nehemiah.
NEH 04 19 xi9g 0 the nobles ... the officials These are the leaders referred to in [Nehemiah 4:16](../04/16.md).
NEH 04 19 agy3 0 The work is great Here the word "great" means "large-scale" or "huge."
NEH 04 20 tm9s figs-metonymy 0 the trumpet sound This refers to someone blowing a trumpet. Alternate translation: "someone blowing a trumpet" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
NEH 04 21 ca45 translate-fraction 0 Half of them Here "Half" means one part out of two equal parts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
NEH 04 21 w4uu 0 from the rising of the dawn until the coming out of the stars This refers to the whole day, while it is light outside. Alternate translation: "from the first light of day until the very beginning of the night"
NEH 04 21 jl3h figs-metonymy 0 the rising of the dawn It is the point in time that the sun rises that is "dawn." Here the sun rising is spoken of as if the "dawn" rose. Alternate translation: "the rising of the sun" or "dawn" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
NEH 04 22 r87p 0 in the middle of Jerusalem "within Jerusalem"
NEH 05 intro k7pb 0 # Nehemiah 05 General Notes<br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Equality<br><br>The rich made money from the poor. The rich oppressed the poor by charging interest on loans. Because Nehemiah wanted to treat everyone fairly, he did not collect any taxes from them. This chapter also emphasizes that it was wrong to enslave a fellow Jew. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/oppress]])<br><br>##### Governor<br>Nehemiah was a governmental leader in Jerusalem, but he was not a king. Jerusalem had a great deal of independence, but it was under the authority of the Persian king. The term "governor" reflects this idea, but a different term may be used in translation.<br>
NEH 05 01 za4u figs-explicit 0 Then the men and their wives raised a great outcry against their fellow Jews Since they were working on the wall, the workers did not have enough time to work to buy and grow food for their families. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
NEH 05 01 czx5 0 the men and their wives This refers to the men who were working on building the wall.
NEH 05 01 zmb8 figs-abstractnouns 0 raised a great outcry The word "outcry" can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: "cried out loudly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
NEH 05 03 dt2m 0 We are mortgaging our fields "We are having to pledge" or "We are having to give in pledge"
NEH 05 05 z4ru figs-explicit 0 Yet now our flesh and blood is the same as our brothers, and our children are the same as their children Here the Jews are implying that they are of the same Jewish descent as the other Jews and that they of the same importance as the others. The meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: "Yet our families are Jews just like the other Jew's families, and our children are just as important to us as their children are to them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
NEH 05 05 k19b figs-idiom 0 our flesh and blood This is an idiom which refers to their family members. Alternate translation: "our family" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
NEH 05 05 rdp9 figs-activepassive 0 Some of our daughters have already been enslaved This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "We have already sold some of our daughters into slavery" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
NEH 05 05 z783 figs-explicit 0 But it is not in our power to help it because other men now own our fields and our vineyards Since the mens' fields and vineyards are not in their possession, they are unable to produce the money they need to support their families. The full meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: "But we are unable to change this situation because other men now own our fields and our vineyards which we need to support our lives" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
NEH 05 05 jr7j figs-idiom 0 it is not in our power This is an idiom which means that they do not have the resources to do something. Alternate translation: "we are unable" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
NEH 05 06 ryx1 figs-abstractnouns 0 when I heard their outcry The word "outcry" can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: "when I heard them cry out" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
NEH 05 07 sn56 figs-explicit 0 You are exacting interest, each from his own brother Every Jew would have known that it is wrong under the Law to charge interest to another Jew. The full meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: "Each of you is charging interest to your own brother, and that is wrong under the Law" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
NEH 05 07 r7yl figs-explicit 0 I held a great assembly against them This means that he brought together a large group of people and brought these charges against them. The meaning of statement this can be made clear. Alternate translation: "I held a great assembly and brought these charges against them" or "I held them on trial in front of the assembly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
NEH 05 08 pzy8 figs-explicit 0 but you even sell your brothers that they may be sold back to us This means that they are selling their family members, both men and women, as slaves to their fellow Jews. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: "Now you are selling your own people to be slaves of your fellow Jews, so that they might later sell them back to us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
NEH 05 08 kn82 figs-activepassive 0 who had been sold to the nations This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "who people had sold as slaves to the nations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
NEH 05 09 lm7c 0 Also I said The pronoun "I" refers to Nehemiah.
NEH 05 09 ecd1 0 What you are doing "You" here refers to the Jewish nobles.
NEH 05 09 kr1t figs-rquestion 0 Should you not walk in the fear of our God to prevent the taunts of the nations that are our enemies? This is a rhetorical question that Nehemiah is using to scold the nobles. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "You should walk in the fear of our God to prevent the taunts of the nations that are our enemies." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
NEH 05 09 v6ux figs-idiom 0 walk in the fear of our God This is and idiom. Here "walk" refers to a person's behavior and the way he lives. Alternate translation: "live your life in a way that honors God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
NEH 05 09 s7qt figs-abstractnouns 0 the taunts of the nations that are our enemies The word "taunt" means "slander" or "mockery" and it can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: "the nations who are our enemies from taunting us" or "the enemy nations from mocking us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
NEH 05 10 xbp5 0 lending borrowing or giving something to someone expecting repayment
NEH 05 10 j3dq 0 loans This is any money, food, or property that one person could let another person borrow in order to repay debts. The borrower would then be indebted to the lender.
NEH 05 11 vkz7 0 percentage A part of the value of the loan that the borrower was charged in interest.
NEH 05 11 dim5 0 you exacted from them "you charged them" or "you made them pay"
NEH 05 12 e9y2 0 Then they said Here "they" refers to the Jewish leaders.
NEH 05 12 q7t5 0 We will return what we took from them The Jewish leaders are saying they will return the money which the poorer Jews paid in interest charges.
NEH 05 12 i1gi 0 made them swear Here the word "them" refers to the Jewish leaders.
NEH 05 12 e2yv 0 Then I called "I" refers to Nehemiah.
NEH 05 13 neg1 translate-symaction 0 I shook out the fold of my robe "I shook out the pockets of my robe." Many times in the Old Testament, oaths were physically demonstrated as a witness to what was promised. Nehemiah is demonstrating to the Jewish leaders what will happen if they break the promise they had made. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
NEH 05 13 f5p4 figs-metaphor 0 So may God shake out of his house ... So may he be shaken out and emptied Here Nehemiah speaks of God taking away all of a man's possessions as if God were shaking him out of his home and possessions like Nehemiah shook out his robe. Alternate translation: "So may God take away from every man who does not keep his promise all of his possessions and his home like I have taken everything out of the fold of my robe" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
NEH 05 14 zur1 0 from the time I was appointed Here "I" refers to Nehemiah.
NEH 05 14 ri8l translate-ordinal 0 from the twentieth year until the thirty-second year "from the 20th year until the 32 year" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
NEH 05 14 i31d 0 of Artaxerxes the king "that Artaxerxes was king"
NEH 05 14 ga6u translate-numbers 0 twelve years "12 years" or "during those 12 years." Nehemiah is restating the number of years to emphasize that he did this continually for the full time he was governor. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
NEH 05 14 nqt2 0 the food provided for the governor This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "ate the food that the people provided for the governor"
NEH 05 15 iv6q 0 for their daily "every day for their"
NEH 05 15 uu9k 0 former governors "previous governors" or "governors from the past." Nehemiah was not the first governor of Judah.
NEH 05 15 w4zk translate-numbers 0 forty shekels "40 shekels" or "40 silver coins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]])
NEH 05 15 egg7 0 But I did not do so because of the fear of God "But because my fear of God I did not take the food" or "But I did not take the food because I feared God"
NEH 05 16 gx42 0 I also continued "I" refers to Nehemiah.
NEH 05 16 lm7t 0 we bought The word "we" refers to Nehemiah and his servants.
NEH 05 16 xpb3 figs-activepassive 0 all my servants were gathered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I gathered all of my servants there" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
NEH 05 16 m3s9 0 for the work "to work on the wall"
NEH 05 17 a1g4 translate-numbers 0 150 men "one hundred and fifty men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
NEH 05 17 q9x7 figs-explicit 0 At my table were the Jews ... from among the nations who were around us Nehemiah was responsible for providing food for all of these people. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "Also, every day I was responsible to feed at our table the Jews and the officials, 150 people; and we also fed the visitors who came from other countries around us (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
NEH 05 17 w7i4 0 my table This refers to the governor's table. It was a communal table for the community and for discussion of issues.
NEH 05 17 j2af 0 officials government leaders
NEH 05 18 fa32 figs-activepassive 0 Now what was prepared each day was This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Each day I told my servants to prepare" or "Each day I told my servants to serve us the meat from" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
NEH 05 18 l6ma translate-numbers 0 six choice ... ten days "6 choice ... 10 days" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
NEH 05 18 gqe2 0 wine in abundance "enough wine for everyone"
NEH 05 18 sp6n 0 yet for all this I did not demand the food allowance of the governor "yet I never asked for the governor's food allowance"
NEH 05 19 ny8l figs-idiom 0 Call me to mind This is an idiom. It is a request for God to think about him and remember him. Alternate translation: "Remember me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
NEH 05 19 mil3 figs-idiom 0 for good This idiom is a request for God to reward him with good things because of the good that he has done for the people. Alternate translation: "and reward me" or "cause good to happen to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
NEH 06 intro k4df 0 # Nehemiah 06 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>The building of the wall is completed in this chapter.<br><br>The ULT sets the lines in 6:6-7 farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because they are part of a long quotation.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Miracle<br><br>Completing this city wall in only fifty-two days was considered proof that God had helped the Jews, especially given the opposition that they had experienced from the people in surrounding areas.<br>
NEH 06 01 gd7c translate-names 0 Sanballat ... Tobiah These are the names of men. See how you translated them in [Nehemiah 2:10](../02/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 06 01 bxn2 translate-names 0 Geshem This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 06 01 vi6v figs-synecdoche 0 I had rebuilt the wall ... I had not yet Nehemiah supervised the rebuilding of the wall and did not build it by himself. Alternate translation: "we had rebuilt the wall ... we had not yet" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
NEH 06 01 ap2q figs-ellipsis 0 any sections This refers to sections of the wall. Alternate translation: "any sections of the wall" or "any gaps in the city wall" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
NEH 06 02 n5nu figs-idiom 0 sent to me This means that they sent a messenger with a message. Alternate translation: "sent a messenger to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
NEH 06 02 rbv9 translate-names 0 Ono This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 06 03 d84v figs-synecdoche 0 I am doing a great work Nehemiah supervised the rebuilding of the wall. He did not build it by himself. Alternate translation: "We are doing a great work" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
NEH 06 03 ee8i figs-rquestion 0 Why should the work stop while I leave it and come down to you? This rhetorical question is used to challenge Sanballat's request. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "I cannot let the work stop and come down to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
NEH 06 03 t9gf 0 down to you The word "down" is used here because the plain of Ono where they were requesting Nehemiah to come is at a lower elevation than Jerusalem.
NEH 06 05 r8xc translate-ordinal 0 Sanballat sent his servant to me in the same way the fifth time Identifying this message separately means it is distinct in some way from the previous four messages and, therefore, should be noted. Alternate translation: " Sanballat sent his servant to me in the same way yet again" or "Sanballat sent his servant to me to deliver a fifth message" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
NEH 06 05 s6ag 0 an open letter The letter was an unsealed diplomatic communication. This was an insult to the recipient because the courier was free to read it and spread its contents among the people of the region.
NEH 06 05 rx5j figs-metonymy 0 in his hand This means he had the letter in his possession, but he did not necessarily carry it in his hand at all times. Alternate translation: "in his possession" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
NEH 06 06 wy84 figs-activepassive 0 It is reported among the nations This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The rumor in the region is" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
NEH 06 06 z81q figs-explicit 0 are planning to rebel This means that they are planning to rebel against Artaxerxes, the Persian king, who was currently ruling the Jews. Alternate translation: "are planning to rebel against Artaxerxes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
NEH 06 07 n1rj 0 the king will hear "King Artaxerxes will hear"
NEH 06 07 u185 0 Therefore come "Therefore come meet with us"
NEH 06 08 ei6j 0 Then I sent word to him Here "I" refers to Nehemiah and "him" to Sanballat.
NEH 06 08 ab7x 0 No such things have occurred as you say "None of the things you have written have occurred"
NEH 06 08 ds1y figs-metonymy 0 for within your heart you invented them Here the "heart" refers to the "mind," that is, to one's desires and thoughts. Alternate translation: "for within your mind you invented them" or "for you have made this up in your own imagination" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
NEH 06 09 p45k 0 For they all wanted to make us afraid Here "they" refers to Nehemiah's enemies, Sanballat, Tobiah, Geshem, and their followers. The word "us" refers to the Jews.
NEH 06 09 b5ij figs-explicit 0 They will drop their hands from doing the work This is a descriptive phrase that means that they are stopping their work on the wall. Alternate translation: "The workers on the wall will stop doing the work" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
NEH 06 09 j1dj figs-synecdoche 0 strengthen my hands Here Nehemiah requests for God to strengthen him by asking him to strengthen his "hands." Alternate translation: "strengthen me" or "give me courage" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
NEH 06 10 ybj6 translate-names 0 Shemaiah ... Delaiah ... Mehetabel These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 06 10 k8xd figs-activepassive 0 who was confined in his home The writer does not give the reason for him being confined, so it is best to say that he was staying at home using the most general words possible. Alternate translation: "who could not leave his house" or "whom the authorities had ordered to stay in his house" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
NEH 06 11 syw3 figs-rquestion 0 Would a man like me run away? Would a man like me go into the temple just so he could save his own life? Nehemiah uses these rhetorical questions to emphasize that he will not do what Shemaiah has suggested. These questions may be written as statements. Alternate translation: "A man like me would not run away. A man like me would not go into the temple just to hide to stay alive." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
NEH 06 12 s2sf 0 but that he had prophesied against me "but that he had prophesied in order to oppose me"
NEH 06 13 b27k 0 and sin Using the temple as a place to hide was sinful. It may be helpful to make this explicit. Alternate translation: "and sin by misusing the temple"
NEH 06 13 ji1g figs-idiom 0 a bad name This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "so that they could give me a bad reputation" or "so that they could give a bad report about me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
NEH 06 14 nau4 0 Call to mind This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "Remember"
NEH 06 14 g3ch translate-names 0 Noadiah This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 06 15 m52s figs-activepassive 0 So the wall was finished This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "We finished the wall" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
NEH 06 15 g17x translate-hebrewmonths 0 the twenty-fifth day of the month of Elul "day 25 of the month of Elul." Elul is the sixth month of the Hebrew calendar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
NEH 06 16 t54c 0 they fell greatly in their own eyes "they thought much less of themselves" or "they lost confidence in themselves"
NEH 06 16 py4c figs-activepassive 0 the work was done with the help of our God This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "it was our God who helped us complete this work" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
NEH 06 17 zw37 figs-metonymy 0 sent many letters The nobles sent messengers to bring these letters to Tobiah. Alternate translation: "sent many messengers with letters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
NEH 06 17 rx81 figs-personification 0 Tobiah's letters came Here Tobiah's letters are personified as coming by themselves, when they were actually brought by messengers. Alternate translation: "Tobiah sent letters" or "Tobiah sent many messengers with letters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
NEH 06 17 rcx8 translate-names 0 Tobiah See how you translated this man's name in [Nehemiah 2:10](../02/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 06 18 z2uq figs-metaphor 0 who were bound by an oath to him This speaks of people being loyal to Tobiah because they had pledged an oath to him as if their oath were a rope that bound their bodies. Alternate translation: "who had sworn an oath to him" or "who had made an oath and were loyal to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
NEH 06 18 rn1q translate-names 0 he was the son-in-law of Shecaniah This means that Tobiah was married to the daughter of Shecaniah. See how you translated "Shecaniah" in [Nehemiah 3:29](../03/29.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 06 18 id1x translate-names 0 Arah ... Jehohanan These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 06 18 y3lg translate-names 0 Meshullam ... Berechiah These are the names of men. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 3:4](../03/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 06 19 mj72 0 They also spoke to me about his good deeds and reported my words back to him "The Jewish nobles told me about Tobiah's good deeds and then told him about my responses"
NEH 06 19 e3zt figs-activepassive 0 Letters were sent to me from Tobiah This can be stated in active form. Tobiah sent messengers to bring the letters to Nehemiah. Alternate translation: "Tobiah sent letters to me" or "Tobiah sent messengers to bring letters to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
NEH 07 intro qk4v 0 # Nehemiah 07 General Notes<br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Genealogy<br><br>The people who returned from Persia were counted according to their families. Nehemiah ensured that those who lived in Jerusalem had a completely Jewish ancestry.<br><br>##### Different lists<br>This list is paralleled in [Ezra 2](../../ezr/02/01.md). The lists do contain some differences in numbers. This is probably due to the timing of their counting. They were likely counted at different times.<br>
NEH 07 01 g3zz figs-activepassive 0 When the wall was finished This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "When we had finished the wall" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
NEH 07 01 fk6l figs-synecdoche 0 I had set up the doors in place This was done with help. Alternate translation: "I and others hung the doors" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
NEH 07 01 wkp3 figs-activepassive 0 the gatekeepers and singers and Levites had been appointed This can be stated in active form. Possible meanings are: 1) Nehemiah appointed them. Alternate translation: "I assigned the gatekeepers and singers and Levites to their tasks" or 2) Someone else appointed them. Alternate translation: "they assigned the gatekeepers and singers and Levites to their tasks" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
NEH 07 01 lk9v 0 gatekeepers people assigned to each gate, responsible to control access to the city or temple, as well as to open and close the gates at times and for reasons set by the administrator
NEH 07 01 f8ks 0 singers vocal musicians who led in worship, in processions, and ceremonies, producing music and chants that emphasized and enhanced the occasion
NEH 07 02 ykr9 translate-names 0 Hanani ... Hananiah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 02 zy5q 0 I gave my brother Hanani charge "I gave the order for my brother Hanani to be the manager"
NEH 07 02 iqf3 0 who had oversight of the fortress "who was in charge of the fortress"
NEH 07 02 dx6d 0 feared God more than many "feared God more than many other people"
NEH 07 03 y2jk 0 I said to them The word "them" refers to Hanani and Hananiah.
NEH 07 03 n55g 0 Do not open the gates of Jerusalem until the sun is hot. While the gatekeepers are on guard, you may shut the doors and bar them Possible meanings are 1) these actions were done by Hanani and Hananiah or 2) these actions were done by Hanani and Hananiah with the help of the gatekeepers or 3) the gatekeepers did these actions under the direction of Hanani and Hananiah.
NEH 07 03 w3hi 0 the sun is hot "the sun is high in the sky"
NEH 07 03 b2es 0 While the gatekeepers are on guard, you may shut the doors and bar them "Shut the doors and bar them while the gatekeepers are still on guard"
NEH 07 03 mir9 0 gatekeepers See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 7:1](../07/01.md)
NEH 07 03 ed9m 0 shut the doors and bar them "close the gates and lock them"
NEH 07 03 he4e 0 Appoint guards from those who live in Jerusalem "Assign guards from those people who live in Jerusalem"
NEH 07 03 wf26 0 guard station "guard post" or "guard duty place"
NEH 07 04 y6y8 figs-activepassive 0 no houses had yet been rebuilt This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the people had not yet rebuilt the houses" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
NEH 07 05 wjd3 figs-metonymy 0 put into my heart Here Nehemiah's "heart" refers to his thoughts and will. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 2:12](../02/12.md). Alternate translation: "inspired me" or "led me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
NEH 07 05 pzu6 0 to enroll them "to list and register them"
NEH 07 05 avw2 0 the book of the genealogy This was a book that no longer exists.
NEH 07 05 bz2p figs-activepassive 0 found the following written in it This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: "found that someone had written the following in it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
NEH 07 06 ud5m 0 These are the people of the province "These are the descendants of this region"
NEH 07 06 vx13 0 went up out of "returned from" or "came back from"
NEH 07 06 r578 figs-idiom 0 went up This is an idiom that refers to traveling toward Jerusalem, which was on higher ground than the surrounding area. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
NEH 07 06 hb7v figs-metonymy 0 whom Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon took into exile "whom Nebuchadnezzar, ruler of Babylon, took away from their home country." The army of Babylon did this under the command of Nebuchadnezzar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
NEH 07 07 mu5h translate-names 0 Zerubbabel ... Jeshua ... Nehemiah ... Azariah ... Raamiah ... Nahamani ... Mordecai ... Bilshan ... Mispereth ... Bigvai ... Nehum ... Baanah These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 07 fz51 0 The number of the men A census had been taken when the Israelites first returned to Jerusalem after the exile. The numbers represent how many men belonged to each family group. This sentence introduces the information in the following verses.
NEH 07 08 r3xa translate-numbers 0 Nehemiah is recounting the number of people who returned from exile. The people were grouped by families according to the name of their patriarchs. The number represents the number of men in each family. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
NEH 07 08 l98v translate-names 0 Parosh These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 09 gy8k translate-names 0 Shephatiah This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 10 nq9e translate-names 0 Arah This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 11 jc4a translate-numbers 0 Nehemiah is continuing to recount the number of people who returned from exile. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
NEH 07 11 v6jn translate-names 0 Pahath-Moab ... Jeshua ... Joab These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 11 my8s 0 through the descendants of Jeshua and Joab "that is, the descendants of Jeshua and Joab"
NEH 07 12 d7wf translate-names 0 Elam This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 13 sbz7 translate-names 0 Zattu This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 14 v5zr translate-names 0 Zakkai This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 15 a26a translate-numbers 0 Nehemiah is continuing to recount the number of people who returned from exile. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
NEH 07 15 x1bd translate-names 0 Binnui This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 16 ay45 translate-names 0 Bebai This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 17 h84y translate-names 0 Azgad These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 18 b95k translate-names 0 Adonikam This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 19 lhq4 translate-numbers 0 Nehemiah is continuing to recount the number of people who returned from exile. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
NEH 07 19 iy74 translate-names 0 Bigvai This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 20 d5wk translate-names 0 Adin This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 21 mxg1 translate-names 0 Ater This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 21 l797 figs-ellipsis 0 The descendants of Ater, of Hezekiah The writer has shortened this sentence. Alternate translation: "the descendants of Ater, who is a descendant of Hezekiah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
NEH 07 22 r3ee translate-names 0 Hashum This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 23 yyf7 translate-numbers 0 Nehemiah is continuing to recount the number of people who returned from exile. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
NEH 07 23 v6eh translate-names 0 Bezai This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 24 j9rb translate-names 0 Hariph This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 25 sj6p translate-names 0 Gibeon This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 26 sde6 translate-names 0 Bethlehem and Netophah These are the names of places in Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 27 xmr1 translate-numbers 0 Nehemiah is continuing to recount the number of people who returned from exile. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
NEH 07 27 v2tb translate-names 0 Anathoth This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 28 b1sd translate-names 0 Beth Azmaveth This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 29 y9ek translate-names 0 Kiriath Jearim, Kephirah, and Beeroth This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 30 ncc2 translate-names 0 Ramah and Geba These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 31 i39d translate-numbers 0 Nehemiah is continuing to recount the number of people who returned from exile. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
NEH 07 31 ty2q translate-names 0 Michmas This is the name of a place. (See [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 32 b4qw translate-names 0 Bethel and Ai This is the name of a place. (See [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 33 dbu1 translate-names 0 Nebo This is the name of a place. (See [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 34 d1vy translate-names 0 Elam This is the name of a place. (See [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 35 wz53 translate-numbers 0 Nehemiah is continuing to recount the number of people who returned from exile. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
NEH 07 35 s9ek translate-names 0 Harim This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 36 avk6 translate-names 0 Jericho This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 37 b9f2 translate-names 0 Lod, Hadid, and Ono This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 38 rla1 translate-names 0 Senaah This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 39 x7hb translate-numbers 0 Nehemiah is continuing to recount the number of people who returned from exile. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
NEH 07 39 xwy8 translate-names 0 Jedaiah ... Jeshua These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 39 mk8g figs-metonymy 0 of the house of Jeshua The word "house" is a metonym for family. Alternate translation: "from the family of Jeshua" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
NEH 07 40 kd29 translate-names 0 Immer This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 41 xd2z translate-names 0 Pashhur This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 42 ias1 translate-names 0 Harim This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 43 h37e translate-numbers 0 Nehemiah is continuing to recount the number of people who returned from exile. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
NEH 07 43 v5s3 translate-names 0 Jeshua ... Kadmiel ... Binnui ... Hodevah These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 44 ht7l translate-names 0 Asaph This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 44 v68g 0 singers See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 7:1](../07/01.md).
NEH 07 45 wy4p translate-names 0 Shallum ... Ater ... Talmon ... Akkub ... Hatita ... Shobai This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 45 b7ne 0 gatekeepers See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 7:1](../07/01.md).
NEH 07 46 t2j5 0 General Information: These verses continue the names of people whose descendants returned from the exile.
NEH 07 46 st75 translate-names 0 Ziha ... Hasupha ... Tabbaoth These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 47 d6np translate-names 0 Keros ... Sia ... Padon These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 47 mn22 0 Sia This is the same man known by the name Siaha in Ezra 2:44.
NEH 07 48 ln8l translate-names 0 Lebana, ... Hagaba ... Shalmai These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 49 zpn7 translate-names 0 Hanan ... Giddel ... Gahar These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 50 s8hz 0 General Information: These verses continue the names of people whose descendants returned from the exile.
NEH 07 50 cd4k translate-names 0 Reaiah ... Rezin ... Nekoda These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 51 u8ea translate-names 0 Gazzam ... Uzza ... Paseah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 52 i1dd translate-names 0 Besai ... Meunim ... Nephushesim These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 53 h78b 0 General Information: These verses continue the names of people whose descendants returned from the exile.
NEH 07 53 u7qn translate-names 0 Bakbuk ... Hakupha ... Harhur These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 54 jat5 translate-names 0 Bazluth ... Mehida ... Harsha These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 55 w15p translate-names 0 Barkos ... Sisera ... Temah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 56 i1b4 translate-names 0 Neziah ... Hatipha These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 57 w9sx translate-numbers 0 Nehemiah is continuing to recount the number of people who returned from exile. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
NEH 07 57 ma7v translate-names 0 Sotai ... Sophereth ... Perida These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 57 xb5j 0 Sophereth This is the name of a man who is called Hassophereth in Ezra 2:55.
NEH 07 57 ei9x 0 Perida This is the name of a man who is also called Peruda in Ezra 2:55.
NEH 07 58 y1jl translate-names 0 Jaala ... Darkon ... Giddel These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 59 vwg5 translate-names 0 Shephatiah ... Hattil ... Pochereth Hazzebaim ... Amon These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 61 a15h translate-numbers 0 Nehemiah is continuing to recount the number of people who returned from exile. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
NEH 07 61 bgx3 figs-idiom 0 went up This is an idiom that refers to traveling toward Jerusalem, which was on higher ground than the surrounding area. Alternate translation: "returned" or "came back" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
NEH 07 61 c7ta translate-names 0 Tel Melah ... Tel Harsha ... Kerub ... Addon ... Immer These are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 62 np4h translate-names 0 Delaiah ... Tobiah ... Nekoda These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 63 i59a translate-names 0 Habaiah ... Hakkoz ... Barzillai These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 07 64 m2qd 0 These sought their records among those enrolled by their genealogy "They sought their written genealogical records" or "They searched their written genealogical records"
NEH 07 64 n9vy 0 These sought "These" refers to the descendants of Hobaiah, Hakkoz and Barzillai ([Nehemiah 7:63](../07/63.md)).
NEH 07 64 bl4n figs-activepassive 0 but they could not be found This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: "but they could not find their records" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
NEH 07 64 iyy1 figs-activepassive 0 they were excluded from the priesthood as unclean This can be translated in active form. The abstract noun "priesthood" can be translated as the verb "work as priests." Alternate translation: "the governor treated them as if they were unclean and did not allow them to work as priests" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
NEH 07 65 qnn2 figs-activepassive 0 until there rose up a priest with Urim and Thummim This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "until a priest with Urim and Thummim approved" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
NEH 07 65 cij9 translate-unknown 0 Urim and Thummim These were sacred stones that the high priest carried on his breastplate and used at times to determine God's will. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
NEH 07 66 t4xj translate-numbers 0 Nehemiah is continuing to recount the number of people who returned from exile. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
NEH 07 66 j9fe 0 The whole assembly together "The whole group together"
NEH 07 66 av51 0 was 42,360 "was 42,360 people"
NEH 07 67 se3x 0 singing men and women "male singers and female singers"
NEH 07 68 hmw2 translate-numbers 0 736 ... 245 "seven hundred and thirty-six ... two hundred and forty-five." These are numbers of animals brought back. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
NEH 07 69 d72q translate-numbers 0 435 ... 6,720 "four hundred and thirty-five ... six thousand seven hundred and twenty." These are numbers of animals brought back. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
NEH 07 70 e1e9 0 the heads of ancestors' families "the chief patriarchs" or "the leaders of the clans"
NEH 07 70 le3g 0 gave to the treasury "put into the treasury"
NEH 07 70 c7ug translate-bmoney 0 darics of gold A daric was a small gold coin that people in the Persian Empire used. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]])
NEH 07 70 bu8p translate-numbers 0 50 basins "fifty basins." These are large bowls. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
NEH 07 70 bu22 translate-numbers 0 530 priestly garments "five hundred thirty priestly garments." These are items of clothing worn by the priests. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
NEH 07 71 jxn7 translate-numbers 0 2,200 minas of silver "two thousand two hundred minas of silver." A mina is about one half of a kilogram in weight. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
NEH 07 73 e7np 0 gatekeepers See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 7:1](../07/01.md).
NEH 07 73 a2ub 0 singers See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 7:1](../07/01.md).
NEH 07 73 jaj3 figs-explicit 0 some of the people The implied information is that this refers to some of the Israelites who were not priests or other temple workers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
NEH 07 73 znc4 0 all Israel Possible meanings are: 1) all the groups of Israelites that are listed in this verse or 2) the rest of the Israelites who did not work in the temple.
NEH 07 73 n26r translate-ordinal 0 the seventh month "month 7." This is the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part of September and the first part of October on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]])
NEH 07 73 gdj2 0 were settled in their cities "lived in their own cities"
NEH 08 intro w38v 0 # Nehemiah 08 General Notes<br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Reading of the law<br><br>During the exile, the Hebrew language was no longer spoken. Only the priests and Levites still understood it. Ezra read the book of the law to the people in Hebrew and the Levites walked among the crowd translating it into Aramaic for the people to understand. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])<br><br>##### Festival of Shelters<br><br>After they heard Ezra read the law of Moses, the people obeyed it by making temporary shelters for themselves with tree branches. They did this to remember that their ancestors slept in shelters when they came out of slavery in Egypt.<br>
NEH 08 01 q5ih figs-hyperbole 0 All the people gathered as one man The word "all" is a generalization that indicates the people as a whole came together. Alternate translation: "The people gathered all together" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
NEH 08 01 f6t8 0 Water Gate This was the name of a large opening or doorway in the wall.
NEH 08 01 fdh4 0 the book of the law of Moses This would have been all or part of the first five books of the Old Testament.
NEH 08 02 id7q translate-hebrewmonths 0 On the first day of the seventh month This is the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar. The first day of the seventh month is near the middle of September on Western calendars. Alternate translation: "On day 1 of month 7" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
NEH 08 02 e89a 0 brought the law "brought The Book of the Law"
NEH 08 02 j8yl 0 all who could hear and understand This would include children who were old enough to understand what was being read.
NEH 08 03 iv9y 0 He faced the open area "He turned towards the open area"
NEH 08 03 pkz7 0 he read from it Here "it" refers to the Book of the law of Moses.
NEH 08 04 lk8k translate-names 0 Mattithiah, Shema, Anaiah, Uriah, Hilkiah, and Maaseiah ... Pedaiah, Mishael, Malkijah, Hashum, Hashbaddanah, Zechariah, and Meshullam These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 08 05 t5lf figs-abstractnouns 0 Ezra opened the book in the sight of all the people The abstract noun "sight" can be expressed with the verb "see." Alternate translation: "Everyone saw Ezra open the book" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
NEH 08 05 wqg8 0 the book "The Book of the Law"
NEH 08 05 ln1z 0 he was standing above the people "he was standing higher than the people"
NEH 08 05 yv2u figs-explicit 0 when he opened it all the people stood up The people stood up out of respect for God's word. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
NEH 08 06 x9v8 figs-abstractnouns 0 Ezra gave thanks to Yahweh The abstract noun "thanks" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "Ezra thanked Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
NEH 08 08 s5er 0 They read in the book The word "They" here refers to the Levites.
NEH 08 08 vsq9 figs-abstractnouns 0 making it clear with interpretation and giving the meaning The abstract nouns "interpretation" and "meaning" can be translated as verbs. Alternate translation: "clearly interpreting and explaining it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
NEH 08 08 iw1y 0 the reading "what was read"
NEH 08 09 wky3 figs-hyperbole 0 For all the people wept This is a generalization that indicates there was great weeping among the people. Alternate translation: "For the people wept greatly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
NEH 08 10 smq2 figs-explicit 0 eat the fat and have something sweet to drink The implied information is that the people were told to feast on rich food and sweet drinks. Alternate translation: "eat rich food and drink something sweet" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
NEH 08 10 ach1 figs-activepassive 0 Do not be grieved This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Do not grieve" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
NEH 08 10 sni7 figs-abstractnouns 0 for the joy of Yahweh is your strength The abstract nouns "joy" and "strength" can be expressed as verbs or adjectives. Alternate translation: "rejoicing in Yahweh will protect you" or "being joyful in Yahweh will be your strong refuge" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
NEH 08 11 fjz6 figs-activepassive 0 Do not be grieved This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Do not grieve" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
NEH 08 12 z1gc figs-abstractnouns 0 celebrate with great joy The abstract noun "joy" can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: "rejoice greatly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
NEH 08 12 xsf5 figs-activepassive 0 the words that were made known to them This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the words that he declared to them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
NEH 08 13 uj5j translate-ordinal 0 On the second day "On day 2" or "On the next day" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
NEH 08 13 y48u figs-abstractnouns 0 to gain insight from The abstract noun "insight" can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: "to understand" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
NEH 08 14 ur1h 0 should live in shelters These were temporary shelters that people made out of branches and leaves.
NEH 08 14 efg4 translate-ordinal 0 the seventh month "month 7." This is the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part of September and the first part of October on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]])
NEH 08 15 rq6s 0 They should make a proclamation "They should announce"
NEH 08 15 f9c2 translate-unknown 0 myrtle a kind of small tree with colorful flowers (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
NEH 08 15 es8r 0 shade trees "leafy trees"
NEH 08 15 jb2s figs-activepassive 0 as it is written This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "as Moses wrote about it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
NEH 08 16 dl2y 0 made themselves shelters "each built their own shelters"
NEH 08 16 krx4 0 Water Gate ... Gate of Ephraim These are names of large openings or doorways in the wall.
NEH 08 16 b74m 0 in the square at the Gate of Ephraim "in the open place by the Gate of Ephraim"
NEH 08 17 n31n 0 For since the days of Joshua "From the days of Joshua"
NEH 08 17 e32u translate-names 0 son of Nun "Nun" here is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 08 17 wyd6 figs-abstractnouns 0 their joy was very great The abstract noun "joy" can be expressed as an adjective. Alternate translation: "the people were very joyful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
NEH 08 18 g9rl figs-idiom 0 day by day This idiom means "each day." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
NEH 08 18 j9aj figs-explicit 0 from the first day to the last The implied information is that it was during the entire week of the festival. Alternate translation: "from the first day to the last day of the week" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
NEH 08 18 c1cp 0 They kept the festival "They made a feast" or "They celebrated the festival"
NEH 08 18 er1u translate-ordinal 0 on the eighth day "on day 8" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
NEH 08 18 sfx4 0 solemn assembly This was a special religious gathering.
NEH 08 18 cey3 figs-explicit 0 in obedience to the decree The implied information is that "the decree" was the command of Yahweh about how the Festival of Shelters was to end. Alternate translation: "as God had commanded" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
NEH 09 intro sj1h 0 # Nehemiah 09 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter and the next one form a single section.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Prayer to God<br><br>The people prayed and thanked God for his care for them and the blessings he gave to them. They also confessed their sin of disobeying him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/confess]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])<br><br>##### Learning from their ancestor's mistakes<br>This chapter teaches that the Jews learned from the mistakes of their ancestors. They became determined to worship Yahweh alone, to not intermarry with other peoples, and to worship Yahweh as the law of Moses instructed them. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])<br><br>##### Recalling the great power of God<br>It was common to recall the great things God did for Israel. This is a reminder to Israel of God's power. It is intended to bring the people to repentance and proper worship of Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]])<br>
NEH 09 01 w8w8 translate-hebrewmonths 0 the twenty-fourth day of the same month "the twenty-fourth day of the seventh month" This is near the middle of October on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
NEH 09 01 lm7m 0 the people of Israel were assembled "the people of Israel came together"
NEH 09 01 irv4 figs-explicit 0 they were wearing sackcloth, and they put dust on their heads This was in order to show how sorry they were for the wrong things they and their ancestors had done. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
NEH 09 02 xbs1 0 The descendants of Israel "The Israelites"
NEH 09 02 qx58 0 separated themselves from all the foreigners "no longer had anything to do with those who were not Israelites"
NEH 09 02 vhc6 0 They stood and confessed their own sins and the evil actions of their ancestors "They admitted the wrong things that they had done and also the wrong things their forefathers had done"
NEH 09 03 q5p1 0 They stood up All the Israelites stood up
NEH 09 03 je9t 0 they were confessing "they were admitting the wrong things they had done"
NEH 09 03 qe6e 0 bowing down before "worshiping" or "praising"
NEH 09 04 bc94 0 The Levites, Jeshua, Bani ... stood on the stairs Some versions translate, "Jeshua, Bani ... stood on the stairs built for the Levites"
NEH 09 05 j96x 0 Then the Levites ... said, "Stand up ... ever." Here the Levites are speaking to the people of Israel.
NEH 09 05 u4pu 0 give praise to Yahweh "bless Yahweh"
NEH 09 05 yk5b translate-names 0 Jeshua ... Kadmiel ... Bani ... Sherebiah ... Shebaniah These are the names of men. See how you translated them in [Nehemiah 9:4](./04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 09 05 m3eu translate-names 0 Hashabneiah ... Hodiah ... Pethahiah These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 09 05 tve4 0 May they bless your glorious name the Levites are speaking to Yahweh. "May the people of Judah bless your glorious name, Yahweh"
NEH 09 06 k5l3 figs-metaphor 0 the highest heavens, with all their host ... the host of heaven worship you A host is an army. The "host of heaven" speaks in a metaphor of the many stars as if they were an army. The stars in turn are a metaphor for the many angels. The stars worshiping Yahweh is a metaphor for the angels worshiping Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
NEH 09 07 us45 0 Ur of the Chaldees "Ur, where the Chaldean people group lived"
NEH 09 08 ej7e figs-synecdoche 0 You found his heart was faithful before you The heart, the inner being of the person, represents the person. Alternate translation: "You saw that he was completely faithful to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
NEH 09 09 j256 figs-explicit 0 you heard their cry The implied information is that God was moved to action because of the Israelites' cries for help. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
NEH 09 10 ge61 figs-explicit 0 signs and wonders against Pharaoh The plagues tested Pharaoh's heart, and they became a witness against his hardness of heart. Alternate translation: "signs and wonders that testified against Pharaoh" or "signs and wonders that condemned Pharaoh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
NEH 09 10 i7c3 0 all the people of his land "all the Egyptians"
NEH 09 10 s54a 0 acted with arrogance against them "were arrogant toward the Israelites" or "mistreated God's chosen people"
NEH 09 10 m6zr figs-metonymy 0 you made a name for yourself which stands to this day Here "name" represents a reputation. Alternate translation: "you made yourself famous and even now people still remember" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
NEH 09 11 l5ar figs-simile 0 you ... threw those who pursued them into the depths, as a stone into deep waters In this simile, the writer describes God throwing the Egyptians into the sea as easily as a person would throw a stone into water, and the stone would disappear under the water completely. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
NEH 09 12 m7vx 0 You led them Yahweh led the Israelites.
NEH 09 13 z2ds figs-idiom 0 you came down When God talks with his people, he is often described as "coming down" or "coming down from heaven." This is a descriptive way of saying that God appeared to that person. Alternate translation: "you appeared" or "you came down from heaven" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
NEH 09 13 zut5 figs-parallelism 0 righteous decrees and true laws, good statutes and commandments Both of these double phrases describe the same thing, the law of Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
NEH 09 14 h9f4 figs-doublet 0 commandments ... statutes ... law Each of these three words refers to the law of Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
NEH 09 16 m753 0 they and our ancestors the Israelites at the time of Moses and the people of Israel after the time of Moses
NEH 09 16 t1he figs-idiom 0 they were stiff-necked This is an idiom that means that they were stubborn. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
NEH 09 17 v9ib figs-idiom 0 were stiff-necked This is an idiom that means that they were stubborn. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
NEH 09 17 f1m1 0 the wonders that you had done among them "the miracles that you had done among them"
NEH 09 17 gd2b figs-explicit 0 they appointed a leader to return to their slavery The Israelites would know that this referred to their ancestors wanting to return to Egypt. Alternate translation: "they appointed a leader to take them back to Egypt where they had been slaves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
NEH 09 17 p6nm figs-metaphor 0 who is full of forgiveness The desire to forgive is spoken of as if it were a liquid that could fill a container. Alternate translation: "who is ready to forgive" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
NEH 09 17 c986 figs-metaphor 0 abounding in steadfast love Love is spoken of as if it were a food crop that Yahweh could share with people. Alternate translation: "loves his people very much" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
NEH 09 20 e7m4 0 Your good Spirit ... your manna ... water The writer changes the usual word order to emphasize the good things Yahweh gave his people. Your language may have another way of emphasizing these items.
NEH 09 20 ncd6 0 instruct teach
NEH 09 20 gyd6 figs-litotes 0 your manna you did not withhold from their mouths This litotes can be expressed positively. Alternate translation: "you generously gave them manna" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
NEH 09 20 qka1 figs-synecdoche 0 from their mouths The mouth is a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: "from them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
NEH 09 23 t5pb 0 You made their children Yahweh made the descendants of the Israelites at the time of Moses
NEH 09 24 vz5v figs-metaphor 0 gave them into their hands The Canaanites are spoken of as if they were small objects that a person could place in the hand of another person. To give something into a person's hand is to give that person complete control over that thing. Alternate translation: "enabled the Israelites to have complete control over them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
NEH 09 25 yzu6 0 They captured The Israelites at the time of Moses captured
NEH 09 25 gs7a 0 a productive land "a fertile land"
NEH 09 25 ke4u 0 cisterns holes in the ground where people store water
NEH 09 25 s544 figs-metaphor 0 grew fat This might be a metaphor for "stopped thinking about Yahweh" or "became complacent." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
NEH 09 26 q9sz figs-metaphor 0 They threw your law behind their backs The law is spoken of as if it were a worthless item that a person could throw away. Alternate translation: "They considered your law worthless and paid no attention to it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
NEH 09 26 vbj5 0 They threw your law The Israelites threw Yahweh's law.
NEH 09 27 v5lz figs-metonymy 0 you gave them into the hand of their enemies, who made them suffer Here "hand" represents power or control. Alternate translation: "you allowed their enemies to defeat them and cause them to suffer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
NEH 09 27 z213 figs-metonymy 0 you sent them rescuers who rescued them out of the hand of their enemies Here "hand" represents power or control. Alternate translation: "you sent people to stop their enemies from harming them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
NEH 09 28 ds4w 0 they had rest, they did evil again before you Here "they" refers to the Israelites and "you" to Yahweh.
NEH 09 28 puz2 figs-metonymy 0 you abandoned them to the hand of their enemies Here "hand" represents power or control. Alternate translation: "you abandoned them and allow their enemies to defeat them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
NEH 09 29 pm9h 0 did not listen to your commands If your language has a word for "listen" that also means "obey," use it here.
NEH 09 29 una2 figs-metonymy 0 your decrees which give life to anyone who obeys them Yahweh himself is spoken of as if he were the decrees themselves. Alternate translation: "you even though you give life to everyone who obeys your decrees" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
NEH 09 29 k1ew figs-metaphor 0 They gave the stubborn shoulder-blade and stiffened their neck These are images of an ox refusing to allow its owner to put a yoke on its shoulders. Here they are a metaphor that represents the people being stubborn. Alternate translation: "They became stubborn" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
NEH 09 30 tqa5 figs-metonymy 0 you gave them into the hand of the neighboring peoples Here "hand" represents power or control. See how you translated these words in [Nehemiah 9:27](../09/27.md). Alternate translation: "you allowed the neighboring peoples to defeat them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
NEH 09 30 ym8i 0 you gave Yahweh gave
NEH 09 31 cl3n 0 you did not make a complete end of them "you did not destroy them"
NEH 09 32 j5fk 0 do not let all this hardship seem little to you that has come on us ... until today It is possible to divide this into two sentences. "Do not let all this hardship seem little to you. The hardship has come upon us ... until today"
NEH 09 32 u6i9 figs-personification 0 hardship ... has come on us The phrase "come on us" speaks of bad things that happen as if they are people who cause harm. Alternate translation: "harm ... we have suffered" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
NEH 09 33 pl1f figs-personification 0 everything that has come on us The phrase "come on us" speaks of bad things that happen as if they are people who cause harm. Alternate translation: "everything we have suffered" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
NEH 09 38 t4ag 0 Because of all this because the people had disobeyed and Yahweh had punished them
NEH 09 38 xee9 0 On the sealed document are the names The reader should understand that the men wrote their names on the document before it was sealed.
NEH 10 intro m17y 0 # Nehemiah 10 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter concludes the passage beginning in chapter 9.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### The vow<br><br>By signing this document, the people vowed or agreed to obey God, not to buy things on the Sabbath and to pay their temple tax. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/vow]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sabbath]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])<br>
NEH 10 01 jc8x figs-explicit 0 On the sealed documents were Nehemiah ... Zedekiah The names of these people were written on the documents. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "On the sealed documents were the names of Nehemiah ... Zedekiah" or "On the sealed documents were the names of the following people: Nehemiah ... Zedekiah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
NEH 10 01 j4ny 0 sealed documents The documents were sealed after the names had been signed on the documents.
NEH 10 01 mu7u figs-pronouns 0 Nehemiah Some people believe that Nehemiah wrote this book and is speaking of himself as if he were someone else because this is an official list. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
NEH 10 01 r4sg translate-names 0 Hakaliah This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 1:1](../01/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 02 l6qa translate-names 0 Seraiah ... Jeremiah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 02 huw8 translate-names 0 Azariah This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 3:23](../03/23.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 03 d5cr translate-names 0 Pashhur, Amariah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 03 lw6u translate-names 0 Malkijah This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 3:11](../03/11.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 04 g6hs translate-names 0 Hattush See how you translated this man's name in [Nehemiah 3:10](../03/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 04 bdr6 translate-names 0 Shebaniah See how you translated this man's name in [Nehemiah 9:4](../09/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 04 xzc8 translate-names 0 Malluk This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 05 qai2 translate-names 0 Harim This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 3:11](../03/11.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 05 z9wl translate-names 0 Meremoth This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 3:4](../03/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 05 gdm7 translate-names 0 Obadiah This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 06 z2vd translate-names 0 Daniel, Ginnethon These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 06 h9n5 translate-names 0 Baruch This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 3:20](../03/20.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 07 yd6r translate-names 0 Meshullam This is a man's name. See how you translated it in [Nehemiah 9:4](../09/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 07 x4lc translate-names 0 Abijah, Mijamin These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 08 mt1s translate-names 0 Maaziah, Bilgai These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 08 iv3c translate-names 0 Shemaiah This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 3:29](../03/29.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 08 ppp7 figs-explicit 0 These were the priests This refers to the previous list of men who signed the document. Alternate translation: "These were the names of the priests who signed the document" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
NEH 10 09 b29e 0 Connecting Statement: The list of men whose names appear on the sealed documents [Nehemiah 10:1](../10/01.md) continues. Nehemiah begins here to list the names of the Levies who signed the sealed document.
NEH 10 09 i6e3 figs-ellipsis 0 The Levites were This refers to those who put their names on the sealed documents. Alternate translation: "The Levites who put their names on the sealed documents were" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
NEH 10 09 si66 translate-names 0 Jeshua ... Henadad These are the names of men. See how you translated them in [Nehemiah 3:18-19](../03/18.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 09 pi28 translate-names 0 Azaniah This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 09 j952 translate-names 0 Binnui This is a man's name. See how you translated it in [Nehemiah 3:24](../03/24.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 09 km8e translate-names 0 Kadmiel This is a man's name. See how you translated it in [Nehemiah 7:43](../07/43.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 10 yg6h translate-names 0 Shebaniah This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 9:4](../09/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 10 cfy7 translate-names 0 Hodiah ... Kelita ... Pelaiah These are the names of men. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 8:7](../08/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 10 z9gd translate-names 0 Hanan This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 7:49](../07/49.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 11 fh22 translate-names 0 Rehob This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 11 w8h1 translate-names 0 Mika This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 10:11](../10/11.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 11 z3i5 translate-names 0 Hashabiah This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 3:17](../03/17.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 12 ac1s translate-names 0 Zaccur This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 3:2](../03/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 12 ctq5 translate-names 0 Sherebiah This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 8:7](../08/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 12 r5ha translate-names 0 Shebaniah This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 13 q7fm translate-names 0 Hodiah ... Beninu These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 13 f7a5 translate-names 0 Bani This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 3:17](../03/17.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 14 uar6 figs-ellipsis 0 The leaders of the people were This refers to those who put their names on the sealed documents. Alternate translation: "The leaders of the people who put their names on the sealed documents were" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
NEH 10 14 c75b translate-names 0 Parosh This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 3:25](../03/25.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 14 d729 translate-names 0 Pahath-Moab This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 3:11](../03/11.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 14 ta8y translate-names 0 Elam ... Zattu These are the names of men. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 7:12](../07/12.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 15 nkt2 0 General Information: In these verses, Nehemiah continues to list the names of the people who signed the sealed document.
NEH 10 15 r379 translate-names 0 Bunni This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 9:4](../09/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 15 d4hq translate-names 0 Azgad, Bebai These are the names of men. See how you translated them in [Nehemiah 7:16-17](../07/16.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 16 m4l9 translate-names 0 Adonijah ... Adin These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 16 xk1s translate-names 0 Bigvai This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 7:7](../07/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 17 neh8 translate-names 0 Azzur These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 17 l7xw translate-names 0 Ater, Hezekiah These are the names of men. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 7:20](../07/20.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 18 n169 translate-names 0 Hodiah This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 8:7](../08/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 18 k9y7 translate-names 0 Hashum These are the names of men. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 7:20](../07/20.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 18 f3le translate-names 0 Bezai This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 19 qpd4 translate-names 0 Nebai This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 19 it8a translate-names 0 Hariph This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 7:23](../07/23.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 19 l77q translate-names 0 Anathoth This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 7:27](../07/27.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 20 gf8r translate-names 0 Magpiash ... Hezir These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 20 hbe9 translate-names 0 Meshullam These are the names of men. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 3:4](../03/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 21 gh1m translate-names 0 Jaddua This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 21 x7ep translate-names 0 Meshezabel, Zadok These are the names of men. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 3:4](../03/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 22 rm3j 0 General Information: In these verses, Nehemiah continues to list the names of the people who signed the sealed document.
NEH 10 22 n3zk translate-names 0 Pelatiah This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 22 e4dt translate-names 0 Hanan This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 7:49](../07/49.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 22 un5i translate-names 0 Anaiah This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 8:4](../08/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 22 l1pz translate-names 0 Anaiah This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 3:8](../03/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 23 ku2m translate-names 0 Hoshea ... Hananiah These are the name of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 23 rr76 translate-names 0 Hasshub This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 3:11](../03/11.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 24 t9wx translate-names 0 Hallohesh These are the names of men. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 3:11](../03/11.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 24 y9f7 translate-names 0 Pilha ... Shobek These are the name of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 25 ml8w translate-names 0 Rehum This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 3:17](../03/17.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 25 s2tc translate-names 0 Hashabnah These are the name of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 25 tz5a translate-names 0 Maaseiah This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 3:23](../03/23.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 26 ab18 translate-names 0 Ahiah ... Anan These are the name of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 26 k998 translate-names 0 Hanan This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 27 ac3r translate-names 0 Malluk, Harim These are the names of men. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 10:4](../10/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 27 y6gx translate-names 0 Baanah This is a man's name. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 7:6](../07/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 10 28 w2rt 0 gatekeepers This refers to the people assigned to each gate, responsible to control access to the city or temple, as well as to open and close the gates at times and for reasons set by the administrator. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 7:1](../07/01.md).
NEH 10 28 f1n8 figs-explicit 0 singers You may need to make explicit that these are those who sang in the temple. Alternate translation: "temple singers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
NEH 10 28 qej9 figs-explicit 0 all who have knowledge and understanding This phrase can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "all who were old enough to understand what promising to obey God meant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
NEH 10 29 l6ns 0 their brothers, their nobles "their fellow brothers the nobles" or "their brothers the leaders." These phrases refer to the same people.
NEH 10 29 x6i9 figs-metaphor 0 bound themselves with both a curse and an oath This speaks of the people taking an oath and a curse as if the oath and the curse were a rope that physically bound them. Alternate translation: "swore themselves to an oath and a curse" or "they took an oath and called for a curse to come on themselves if they failed to keep it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
NEH 10 29 k971 figs-idiom 0 to walk in God's law This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "to live by God's law" or "to obey God's law" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
NEH 10 29 p6ry figs-activepassive 0 which was given by Moses the servant of God This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "which Moses the servant of God had given to Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
NEH 10 29 ny6b 0 to observe "to follow"
NEH 10 30 t8sp 0 General Information: In these verses, the people describe the content of the oath they were making in [Nehemiah 10:29](../10/29.md).
NEH 10 30 s4sx figs-explicit 0 would not give our daughters to the people of the land or take their daughters for our sons This means that they would not allow their sons and daughters to marry them. Alternate translation: "would not give our daughters to marry the people of the land, and we would not take their daughters to marry our sons" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
NEH 10 30 iqq1 figs-explicit 0 the people of the land This refers to the people who live in their land who do not worship Yahweh. Alternate translation: "the people of this land who do not worship Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
NEH 10 30 lx8c figs-exclusive 0 We promised ... we would not give ... or take The pronoun "we" here includes Nehemiah and the Jewish people, but not the reader of this book. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
NEH 10 31 m39f figs-exclusive 0 We also promised ... we would not buy ... we will let ... we will cancel The pronoun "we" here includes Nehemiah and the Jewish people, but not the reader of this book. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
NEH 10 31 hf7z figs-idiom 0 we will let our fields rest This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "we will not plow our fields" or "we will not grow anything in our fields" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
NEH 10 31 ur3t 0 we will cancel all debts This means that they will not require that people pay them what they owe. Alternate translation: "we will cancel all debts that people owe us" or "we will tell people that they no longer have to pay us back"
NEH 10 32 bh3h 0 General Information: In these verses, the people continue describing the content of the oath they were making in [Nehemiah 10:29](../10/29.md).
NEH 10 32 h9gt 0 We accepted the commands "We promised to obey the command"
NEH 10 32 ljm2 figs-exclusive 0 We accepted The pronoun "we" here includes all the Israelites including Nehemiah except for the priest and Levites, and does not include the reader of this book (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
NEH 10 32 ad47 translate-bmoney 0 a third of a shekel "1/3 of a shekel." "A third" means one part out of three equal parts. This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: "5 grams of sliver" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
NEH 10 32 pw6w 0 for the service of "to pay for the care of"
NEH 10 33 ehf4 0 the bread of the presence This refers to the 12 loaves of bread baked without yeast kept in the temple and used to symbolize God's presence with His people.
NEH 10 33 xu3y 0 the new moon festivals These were celebrations held when the moon was just a small crescent in the sky.
NEH 10 34 s6yz 0 General Information: In these verses, the people continue describing the content of the oath they were making in [Nehemiah 10:29](../10/29.md).
NEH 10 34 l42k figs-activepassive 0 to be burned This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "for the Levites to burn" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
NEH 10 34 ph9q figs-activepassive 0 as it is written This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "as it states" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
NEH 10 35 vp1p 0 from our soil "in our soil" or "on our land"
NEH 10 37 j9sj 0 General Information: In these verses, the people continue describing the content of the oath they were making in [Nehemiah verse 29](./28.md).
NEH 10 37 s7s2 figs-exclusive 0 We will bring ... We will bring The pronoun "we" here includes Nehemiah and the Israelites except for the priests and the Levites, and also does not include the reader of this book (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
NEH 10 37 rk7x 0 our dough Possible meanings are that this refers to 1) dough made from coarse flour, 2) coarse flour, or 3) ground grain.
NEH 10 37 uc2w figs-ellipsis 0 the new wine and the oil The words "first of" are understood from the begininng of the sentnces. They can be repeated. Alternate translation: "the first of the new wine and of the oil" or "the best of the new wine and of the oil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
NEH 10 37 e92l 0 the storerooms of the house of our God "the places where things are stored in the temple"
NEH 10 37 r776 figs-synecdoche 0 the tithes from our soil Here "our soil" refers to everything that is grown in the ground. Alternate translation: "the tithes of what we grow in the ground" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
NEH 10 38 by9z figs-activepassive 0 they receive the tithes This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the people give them the tithes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
NEH 10 38 eb51 translate-fraction 0 a tenth This means one part out of ten equal parts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
NEH 10 38 zl4a 0 the storerooms of the treasury "the storerooms in the temple"
NEH 10 39 qzf8 0 General Information: In these verses, the people finish describing the content of the oath they were making in [Nehemiah 10:29](../10/29.md).
NEH 10 39 ss5h figs-activepassive 0 the storerooms where the articles of the sanctuary are kept This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the rooms where the priests keep the things that are used in the temple" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
NEH 10 39 u1sq 0 We will not neglect the house of our God This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "We will care for the temple"
NEH 10 39 b23h figs-exclusive 0 We will The pronoun "we" here includes Nehemiah and all the people of Israel but does not include the reader of this book. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
NEH 11 intro xja1 0 # Nehemiah 11 General Notes<br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### The places where the Jews lived<br><br>Some people lived in Jerusalem, but most people lived in villages and towns away from Jerusalem. They lived there in order to farm the land raise their animals. The city with its walls was there to provide all of the people with protection if enemies attacked them.<br>
NEH 11 01 e2yg 0 the people cast lots "the people threw marked stones"
NEH 11 01 beq5 0 to bring one of ten "to bring one family out of every ten families"
NEH 11 03 l7mb 0 on his own land, including some Israelites "on his own land: Israelites"
NEH 11 04 n2a7 0 some of the descendants of Judah and some of the descendants of Benjamin "some of the people of Judah and some of the people of Benjamin"
NEH 11 04 nm8y 0 The people from Judah included: "From the descendants of Judah:"
NEH 11 04 wl7r translate-names 0 Judah ... Benjamin ... Athaiah ... Uzziah ... Zechariah ... Amariah ... Shephatiah ... Mahalalel ... Perez These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 11 04 vx6k 0 a descendant of Perez "from the descendants of Perez"
NEH 11 05 ml8b translate-names 0 Maaseiah ... Baruch ... Kol-Hozeh ... Hazaiah ... Adaiah ... Joiarib ... Zechariah These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 11 05 dxb8 0 Shilonite This refers to a person who comes from the town of Shiloh.
NEH 11 06 y8t2 translate-names 0 Perez This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 11 06 hcr6 translate-numbers 0 All ... were 468 "All ... were four hundred and sixty-eight." Perez had 468 descendants who lived in Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
NEH 11 06 ej3g 0 They were outstanding men "They were courageous men" or "They were valiant men"
NEH 11 07 md67 0 These are the descendants "These are some of the descendants." Your language may need to specify that this is not a list of every descendant.
NEH 11 07 w8c5 translate-names 0 Benjamin ... Sallu ... Meshullam ... Joed ... Pedaiah ... Kolaiah ... Maaseiah ... Ithiel ... Jeshaiah These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 11 08 bzh9 translate-names 0 Gabbai ... Sallai These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 11 08 z37g translate-numbers 0 928 men "nine hundred and twenty-eight men." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
NEH 11 09 z3xl translate-names 0 Joel ... Zichri ... Judah ... Hassenuah These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 11 10 ft7m translate-names 0 Jedaiah ... Joiarib ... Jakin These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 11 11 d8ph translate-names 0 Seraiah ... Hilkiah ... Meshullam ... Zadok These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 11 12 j7vp translate-names 0 Adaiah ... Jeroham ... Pelaliah ... Amzi ... Zechariah ... Pashhur ... Malkijah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 11 12 nl7h 0 their associates "their brothers" or "their kinsmen"
NEH 11 12 z6pc 0 who did the work for the house "who worked in the temple." The "house" referred to here is the "house of God" mentioned in the previous verse.
NEH 11 12 kq8y translate-numbers 0 822 men "eight hundred and twenty-two men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
NEH 11 13 wd9q 0 His brothers the brothers of Adaiah, the son of Jeroham ([Nehemiah 11:12](../11/12.md)).
NEH 11 13 u4gn figs-metaphor 0 brothers This word is a metaphor for 1) fellow Israelites or 2) people who did the same work. Alternate translation: "associates" or "fellow workers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
NEH 11 13 gd6g translate-numbers 0 242 men "two hundred and forty-two men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
NEH 11 13 l51b translate-names 0 Amashsai ... Azarel ... Ahzai ... Meshillemoth ... Immer These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 11 14 jrq7 translate-names 0 Zabdiel ... Haggedolim These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 11 14 p9qw translate-numbers 0 128 courageous fighting men "one hundred and twenty-eight courageous fighting men." These were "valiant warriors" or "courageous warriors." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
NEH 11 15 f71n translate-names 0 Shemaiah ... Hasshub ... Azrikam ... Hashabiah ... Bunni These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 11 16 q6zj translate-names 0 Shabbethai ... Jozabad These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 11 16 if3q 0 who were from the leaders of the Levites and were in charge "from the leaders of the Levites, were in charge"
NEH 11 17 ix77 translate-names 0 Mattaniah ... Mika ... Zabdi ... Asaph ... Bakbukiah ... Abda ... Shammua ... Galal ... Jeduthun These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 11 17 sm9t 0 who began the thanksgiving in prayer That is, who directed the singers.
NEH 11 17 djg7 0 Bakbukiah, the second among his brothers Possible meanings are 1) Bakbukiah was Mattaniah's kinsman and second in authority to Mattaniah or 2) "Bakbukiah, who led a second group of singers."
NEH 11 17 dy1v 0 brothers Another possible meaning is "associates" or "fellow workers."
NEH 11 18 di19 0 the holy city This expression refers to the city of Jerusalem.
NEH 11 18 hk8i translate-numbers 0 numbered 284 "numbered two hundred and eighty-four." There were 284 Levites in Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
NEH 11 19 i92r 0 gatekeepers people assigned to each gate, responsible to control access to the city or temple, as well as to open and close the gates at times and for reasons set by the administrator. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 7:1](../07/01.md).
NEH 11 19 j7b3 translate-names 0 Akkub ... Talmon These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 11 19 kaz4 translate-numbers 0 172 men "one hundred and seventy-two men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
NEH 11 21 eu4g translate-names 0 Ziha ... Gishpa These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 11 21 vct4 translate-names 0 Ophel This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 11 22 l3ba 0 The chief officer over "The overseer of"
NEH 11 22 rr5e translate-names 0 Uzzi ... Bani ... Hashabiah ... Mattaniah ... Mika ... Asaph These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 11 23 km8l 0 They were under orders from the king "The king had told them what to do"
NEH 11 23 a9fz figs-activepassive 0 firm orders were given for the singers This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the king had told them specifically what to do about the singers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
NEH 11 24 aee9 translate-names 0 Pethahiah ... Meshezabel ... Zerah ... Judah These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 11 24 dqa4 0 at the king's side in all matters concerning the people "at the Persian king's side as an adviser in all matters concerning the Jewish people"
NEH 11 25 rg1f translate-names 0 Kiriath Arba ... Dibon ... Jekabzeel These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 11 26 d9f4 translate-names 0 Jeshua ... Moladah ... Beth Pelet These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 11 27 nu5z translate-names 0 Hazar Shual ... Beersheba These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 11 28 dl5v translate-names 0 Ziklag ... Mekonah These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 11 29 t41a translate-names 0 Enrimmon ... Zorah ... Jarmuth These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 11 30 vn2z translate-names 0 Zanoah ... Adullam ... Lachish ... Azekah ... Beersheba ... Valley of Hinnom These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 11 30 mzq1 0 they lived Here "they" refers to the people of Judah.
NEH 11 31 n61t 0 The people of Benjamin also lived from Geba onward, at Mikmash and Aija "The people of Benjamin lived in Geba, Mikmash and Aija"
NEH 11 31 uha3 translate-names 0 Geba ... Mikmash ... Aija ... Bethel These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 11 31 lm1q 0 Aija This is possibly another name for the town of Ai.
NEH 11 32 ucv8 translate-names 0 Anathoth, Nob, Ananiah These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 11 33 jwf7 translate-names 0 Hazor, Ramah, Gittaim These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 11 34 e1ls translate-names 0 Hadid, Zeboim, Neballat These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 11 35 qu5n translate-names 0 the valley of craftsmen Possible meanings are 1) this is a description of Ono or 2) it is "Craftsmen's Valley" or "the Valley of Craftsmen," another name for Ono, or 3) it is a different place from Ono, "and the Valley of Craftsmen." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 11 36 y212 figs-activepassive 0 Some of the Levites who lived in Judah were assigned to the people of Benjamin It is not clear who assigned these Levites to live with the people of Benjamin. Alternate translation: "They assigned some of the Levites who lived in Judah to serve the people of Benjamin" or "The officials assigned some of the Levites who lived in Judah to serve the people of Benjamin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
NEH 12 intro xmt3 0 # Nehemiah 12 General Notes<br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Dedication of the wall<br><br>In the ancient Near East, it was common to dedicate an important structure to a god. When it was completed, the wall was dedicated to Yahweh. Long lists of people are present, indicating that "everyone" was present for this and praised Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]])<br>
NEH 12 01 ixs5 0 who came up "who arrived from Babylonia"
NEH 12 01 b4x7 0 with Zerubbabel "under the leadership of Zerubbabel"
NEH 12 01 b8ry translate-names 0 Zerubbabel ... Shealtiel ... Jeshua ... Seraiah ... Jeremiah ... Ezra These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 12 01 myj6 figs-explicit 0 Jeshua The original readers would have understood that Jeshua was the high priest. Alternate translation: "Jeshua the high priest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
NEH 12 02 p4ml translate-names 0 Amariah ... Malluk ... Hattush These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 12 03 gwk1 translate-names 0 Shecaniah ... Rehum ... Meremoth These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 12 04 k1zn 0 There were These words have been added for this translation. If you continue the list that began in [Nehemiah 12:1](../12/01.md), you can omit these words.
NEH 12 04 qt5n translate-names 0 Iddo ... Ginnethon ... Abijah These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 12 05 x3ri translate-names 0 Mijamin ... Moadiah ... Bilgah These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 12 06 udm2 translate-names 0 Shemaiah ... Joiarib ... Jedaiah These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 12 07 g43p translate-names 0 Sallu ... Amok ... Hilkiah ... Jedaiah ... Jeshua These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 12 08 xy1h translate-names 0 Jeshua, Binnui, Kadmiel, Sherebiah, Judah, ... Mattaniah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 12 09 nnn1 translate-names 0 Bakbukiah ... Unni These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 12 09 nhn4 0 stood opposite them during the service Possible meanings are 1) this was during a worship service and these were two groups of singers or other worshipers, or 2) these groups guarded the temple at different times, or "took turns guarding the temple."
NEH 12 10 ri33 translate-names 0 Jeshua ... Joiakim ... Eliashib ... Joiada These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 12 10 xd69 figs-explicit 0 Jeshua was the father of Joiakim This is the same Jeshua named in [Nehemiah 12:1](../12/01.md). The original readers would have understood that Jeshua was the high priest. Alternate translation: "Jeshua the high priest was the father of Joiakim" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
NEH 12 11 a7yv translate-names 0 Joiada ... Jonathan ... Jaddua These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 12 12 j9qv translate-names 0 Joiakim ... Meraiah ... Hananiah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 12 12 vv32 translate-names 0 Seraiah ... Jeremiah These are names of families named after men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 12 13 uwn8 translate-names 0 Meshullam ... Jehohanan These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 12 13 hm77 translate-names 0 Ezra ... Amariah These are names of families named after men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 12 14 vig4 translate-names 0 Jonathan ... Joseph These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 12 14 tum7 translate-names 0 Malluk ... Shebaniah These are names of families named after men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 12 15 z68b translate-names 0 Adna ... Helkai These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 12 15 a64p translate-names 0 Harim ... Meremoth These are all names of families that are named after men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 12 15 hw8d 0 was the leader of "was the leader of the family of" or "was the leader of the descendants of"
NEH 12 16 hb4y translate-names 0 Zechariah ... Meshullam These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 12 16 u64u translate-names 0 Iddo ... Ginnethon These are all names of families that are named after men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 12 16 uae6 0 Meshullam was the leader of Ginnethon Ginnethon may be another form of the name Ginnethoi.
NEH 12 17 pa3k translate-names 0 Zichri ... Piltai These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 12 17 em6c translate-names 0 Abijah ... Miniamin ... Moadiah These are all names of families that are named after men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 12 17 e7rx 0 ... of Miniamin The people who made the copies of Hebrew text mistakenly left out the name of the leader of the family of Miniamin. Translators may supply a footnote explaining this. The ULT uses "..." to show that the name of the leader is missing. Alternate translation: "Someone was the leader of Miniamin"
NEH 12 17 h3jl 0 Moadiah Maadiah may be another form of the name Moadiah.
NEH 12 18 zd3p translate-names 0 Shammua ... Jehonathan These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 12 18 t8yy translate-names 0 Bilgah ... Shemaiah These are all names of families that are named after men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 12 19 u373 translate-names 0 Mattenai ... Uzzi These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 12 19 s8n3 translate-names 0 Joiarib ... Jedaiah These are all names of families that are named after men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 12 20 y23c translate-names 0 Kallai ... Eber These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 12 20 p8dg translate-names 0 Sallu ... Amok These are all names of families that are named after men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 12 21 v16d translate-names 0 Hashabiah ... Nethanel These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 12 21 vwp6 translate-names 0 Hilkiah ... Jedaiah These are all names of families that are named after men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 12 22 snj3 translate-names 0 Eliashib ... Joiada, Johanan ... Jaddua names of men (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 12 22 cr6d 0 during the reign of Darius Another possible meaning is "until the reign of Darius"
NEH 12 23 q9hz 0 recorded in the book of the annals This may refer to the Book of Chronicles. The scribes wrote the words in the verses above in a book that recorded the events of each day.
NEH 12 23 d2rp 0 up to the days of Johanan son of Eliashib The records in the temple recorded only up until Johanan.
NEH 12 24 kx4z translate-names 0 Hashabiah, Sherebiah ... Jeshua ... Kadmiel These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 12 24 d373 0 who stood opposite them to give praise and to give thanks, responding section by section This refers to how they sang some of their songs in worship. A leader or one group would sing a phrase, then one or two groups that "stood opposite them" would sing a phrase in response.
NEH 12 24 dl8r 0 obedience to the command of David King David had commanded the Levites how they were to organize and lead worship.
NEH 12 25 p55l translate-names 0 Mattaniah, Bakbukiah, Obadiah, Meshullam, Talmon, and Akkub These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 12 26 wk2z translate-names 0 Joiakim ... Jeshua ... Jozadak ... Nehemiah ... Ezra These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 12 26 k9bk 0 in the days of Joiakim ... Jozadak, and in the days of Nehemiah the governor and of Ezra ... scribe The date was fixed by listing those who were leading the Jews at the time. "when Joiakim ... Jozadak was high priest, and when Nehemiah was governor and Ezra ... was the scribe"
NEH 12 27 e63y 0 At the dedication of the wall of Jerusalem Possible meanings are 1) "At the time when they dedicated the wall of Jerusalem" or 2) "So that the dedication of Jerusalem's wall could take place."
NEH 12 27 s6xv translate-unknown 0 cymbals two thin, round metal plates that are hit together to make a loud sound (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
NEH 12 29 lnm1 translate-names 0 Beth Gilgal ... Geba and Azmaveth These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 12 31 zsj6 0 the leaders of Judah the leaders of the people who lived in the region of Judah
NEH 12 32 ni9q translate-names 0 Hoshaiah These are the names of males. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 12 33 x16d translate-names 0 Azariah, Ezra, Meshullam These are the names of males. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 12 33 sjp8 0 after them went "behind them followed"
NEH 12 34 t5un translate-names 0 Judah, Benjamin, Shemaiah, Jeremiah These are the names of males. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 12 35 h1hm translate-names 0 Zechariah ... Jonathan ... Shemaiah ... Mattaniah ... Micaiah ... Zaccur ... Asaph These are the names of males. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 12 35 cp3q 0 some of the priests' sons with trumpets, and Zechariah Some versions read, "from among the priests with trumpets, Zechariah"
NEH 12 35 q33v 0 Zechariah son of Jonathan son of Shemaiah son of Mattaniah son of Micaiah son of Zaccur son of Asaph All of the names after "Zechariah" are the ancestors of Zechariah. This list connects Zechariah with the famous singer Asaph. "Zechariah who was the son of Jonathan, who was the son of Shemaiah, who was the son of Mattaniah, who was the son of Micaiah, who was the son of Zaccur son of Asaph"
NEH 12 36 h9u7 0 There also were "Along with them were"
NEH 12 36 kmk3 translate-names 0 Zechariah ... Shemaiah, Azarel, Milalai, Gilalai, Maai, Nethanel, Judah, Hanani ... David ... Ezra These are the names of males. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 12 36 n2tl 0 Ezra the scribe was in front of them "Ezra the scribe was leading them"
NEH 12 37 c38r 0 Fountain Gate ... Water Gate These are the names of openings in the wall.
NEH 12 38 fbi3 0 choir group of singers
NEH 12 38 t11k 0 I followed them Nehemiah followed them.
NEH 12 38 j2zn translate-names 0 Tower of Ovens This is the name of a tall structure where people kept watch for danger. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 12 38 a5ww 0 Broad Wall This is a name for part of the wall.
NEH 12 39 v1ni translate-names 0 Tower of Hananel ... Tower of the Hundred These are the names of tall structures where people kept watch for danger. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 12 39 v264 0 Gate of Ephraim ... Old Gate ... Fish Gate ... Sheep Gate ... Gate of the Guard These are the names of openings in the wall.
NEH 12 40 ai1v 0 I also took my place Nehemiah is speaking here. Alternate translation: "I, Nehemiah, also took my place"
NEH 12 41 s4t8 translate-names 0 Eliakim ... Maaseiah ... Miniamin ... Micaiah ... Elioenai ... Zechariah ... Hananiah These are the names of males who were the priests at that time. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 12 41 bnz5 0 with the trumpets Possible meanings are 1) only the first seven priests listed from Eliakim to Hananiah carried trumpets or 2) all 15 priests listed from Eliakim to Ezer carried trumpets.
NEH 12 42 gqe1 translate-names 0 Maaseiah ... Shemaiah ... Eleazar ... Uzzi ... Jehohanan ... Malkijah ... Elam ... Ezer These are the names of males who were the priests at that time. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 12 42 tdc8 0 Jezrahiah This is the name of a male who was the leader of the singers.
NEH 12 42 y2qj 0 made themselves heard "sang loudly"
NEH 12 43 jgp9 0 rejoice with great joy "rejoice greatly"
NEH 12 43 p5fe figs-metonymy 0 So the joy of Jerusalem could be heard far away "The joy of Jerusalem" here is a metonym for "the sound that the people of Jerusalem made." This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "people far away from Jerusalem could hear the sound that the people of Jerusalem made as they celebrated" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
NEH 12 44 fsb6 figs-activepassive 0 men were appointed to be in charge This can be stated in active form. It is not clear who appointed the men. Alternate translation: "they appointed men to be in charge" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
NEH 12 44 bnw2 0 the contributions things the people gave to the priests
NEH 12 44 g347 0 For Judah rejoiced over the priests and the Levites It seems that the people appointed the men because the people of Judah were grateful for the priests and Levites who were serving.
NEH 12 44 g9pg figs-explicit 0 who were standing before them The Levites and priests were not just standing, they were serving in their roles. The meaning can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "who were standing before them serving God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
NEH 12 45 lm4j 0 gatekeepers These were people assigned to each gate, responsible to control access to the city or temple, as well as to open and close the gates at times and for reasons set by the administrator. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 7:1](../07/01.md).
NEH 12 46 py1c 0 there were directors of singers This sentence tells why the people did what they did in [Nehemiah 12:45](../12/45.md) and gives us more information about the time when David told people how to worship at the temple.
NEH 12 47 flz7 0 In the days of Zerubbabel Zerubbabel was a descendant of King David and one of the governors in the region of Judah.
NEH 12 47 mu9s 0 They set aside the portion "All Israel set aside the portion"
NEH 12 47 e72p 0 the descendants of Aaron the priests in Israel, who descended from Aaron, the brother of Moses
NEH 13 intro tm5a 0 # Nehemiah 13 General Notes<br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Nehemiah returns to Jerusalem<br><br>Nehemiah was eager to make sure that the Jews kept their promise to obey the law. When he returned from Persia, he found many things wrong: one of the store rooms in the temple had been converted into a guest room for Tobiah, the Levites had not received their portions for working in the temple, people were working on the Sabbath, and many had married heathen wives. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sabbath]])<br>
NEH 13 01 k9za 0 in the hearing of the people "so that the people could hear it"
NEH 13 01 j6si 0 should come into the assembly of God, forever "should ever come into the assembly of God"
NEH 13 02 tf8z 0 This was because "They could not come into the assembly because"
NEH 13 04 bq8k figs-activepassive 0 Eliashib the priest was appointed This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "they appointed Eliashib the priest" or "the leaders appointed Eliashib the priest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
NEH 13 04 adq9 0 He was related to Tobiah "Eliashib and Tobiah worked closely together"
NEH 13 04 c9hf 0 Eliashib ... Tobiah These are the names of men.
NEH 13 05 xi14 0 Eliashib prepared for Tobiah a large storeroom "Eliashib prepared a large storeroom for Tobiah to use"
NEH 13 05 v2in 0 gatekeepers people assigned to each gate, responsible to control access to the city or temple, as well as to open and close the gates at times and for reasons set by the administrator. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 7:1](../07/01.md).
NEH 13 06 hxp8 0 But in all this time I was not in Jerusalem "During the time all this was happening, I was away from Jerusalem"
NEH 13 06 dpk4 0 I was not Here "I" refers to Nehemiah.
NEH 13 07 up8j 0 a storeroom in the courts of the house of God This was a room which had previously been purified to store offering supplies ([Nehemiah 13:5](../13/05.md)).
NEH 13 10 k9k6 figs-explicit 0 the Levites' portions had not been given to them The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. This can also be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "the people had not been bringing into the storerooms their tithes and offerings of food for the temple priests" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
NEH 13 10 f2ng 0 they had run away, each to his own field, the Levites and the singers who did the work "the Levites and the singers who did the work had left the temple, each one going to his own field"
NEH 13 11 mx4v figs-rquestion 0 Why is the house of God neglected? Nehemiah uses a rhetorical question to challenge or even ridicule the officials who had not done their work. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "You have neglected the house of God!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
NEH 13 12 a9ux figs-metonymy 0 all Judah The name of the land is a metonym for the people of the land. This is probably a generalization. Alternate translation: "all the people who lived in Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
NEH 13 13 mu7f translate-names 0 Shelemiah ... Zadok ... Pedaiah ... Hanan ... Zaccur ... Mattaniah These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 13 13 e8x3 figs-activepassive 0 they were counted as trustworthy This can be translated in active form. The abstract noun "trustworthy" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "I knew that I could trust them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
NEH 13 14 v861 0 Call me to mind, my God, concerning this "My God, remember me concerning this"
NEH 13 15 cp44 figs-metonymy 0 treading winepresses The word "winepresses" is a metonym for the grapes that were in the winepresses. The people were walking on grapes to get the juice out of them to make wine. Alternate translation: "walking on grapes in winepresses" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
NEH 13 15 z3xh 0 treading walking on something to crush or press it
NEH 13 16 yvh1 translate-names 0 Tyre This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 13 17 w5nr figs-rquestion 0 What is this evil thing you are doing, profaning the Sabbath day? Nehemiah is using a rhetorical question to scold the leaders of Judah. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "You are doing an evil thing by profaning the Sabbath day." or "God will punish you for doing this evil thing, for profaning the Sabbath day." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
NEH 13 18 ge49 figs-rquestion 0 Did not your fathers do this? Did not our God bring all this evil on us and on this city? Nehemiah is using these rhetorical questions to scold the leaders of Judah. These questions can be combined and translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "You know that your fathers did this, and that is why God brought all this evil on us and on this city." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
NEH 13 19 p31h 0 As soon as it became dark ... before the Sabbath "When the sun went down ... and it was time for the Sabbath to begin"
NEH 13 19 vk4t figs-activepassive 0 that the doors be shut and that they should not be opened until This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "that the guards shut the doors and not open them until" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
NEH 13 19 wy3q figs-activepassive 0 no load could be brought in This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one could bring in things they wanted to sell" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
NEH 13 20 s2hv 0 sellers of all kinds of wares "people who had brought many different things they wanted to sell"
NEH 13 21 hi84 figs-rquestion 0 Why do you camp outside the wall? Nehemiah uses a rhetorical question to rebuke merchants and to emphasize his command. This question can be translated as a statement. The full meaning of this statement can also be made explicit. Alternate translation: "You are camping outside the wall against what I commanded." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
NEH 13 21 hfv7 figs-metonymy 0 I will lay hands on you! The word "hands" is a metonym for forceful action. Alternate translation: "I will send you away by force!" or "I will remove you by force!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
NEH 13 22 mis6 0 Call me to mind for this also, my God "My God, remember me concerning this also." See how you translated a similar phrase in [Nehemiah 13:14](../13/14.md).
NEH 13 23 jp2w figs-explicit 0 Jews that had married women of Ashdod, Ammon, and Moab "Jews that had married foreign women." God had forbidden intermarriage. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
NEH 13 23 l9c2 translate-names 0 Ashdod This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 13 23 b4nt translate-names 0 Ammon ... Moab These are the names of nations. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 13 24 w247 0 Half of their children "As a result, half of their children"
NEH 13 25 dzu5 0 I confronted them "I spoke directly to them about what they had done"
NEH 13 25 hg44 0 I hit some of them Nehemiah hit some of them with his hands.
NEH 13 25 gzx6 0 I made them swear by God "I made them say a promise before God"
NEH 13 26 l9xm figs-rquestion 0 Did not Solomon king of Israel sin on account of these women? Nehemiah uses a rhetorical question to scold the men. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "You know that Solomon king of Israel sinned on account of these women." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
NEH 13 27 vp56 figs-rquestion 0 Should we then listen to you and do all this great evil, and act treacherously against our God by marrying foreign women? Nehemiah uses a rhetorical question to scold the men. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "We will not listen to you or do this great evil or act treacherously against our God by marrying foreign women." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
NEH 13 28 dft4 translate-names 0 Joiada ... Eliashib ... Sanballat These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 13 28 f8ak translate-names 0 the Horonite This refers to a person from the city of Beth Horon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
NEH 13 28 rhs8 0 I caused him to flee from my presence "I chased him away" or "I made him leave Jerusalem"
NEH 13 29 pa21 0 Call them to mind "Think about them" or "Remember what they have done." See how you translated a similar phrase in [Nehemiah 13:14](../13/14.md).
NEH 13 29 mn8k figs-metaphor 0 they have defiled the priesthood, and the covenant of the priesthood and the Levites Causing the priesthood to be dishonored and breaking the covenant is spoken of as if they made the priesthood and covenant physically unclean. Alternate translation: "they have dishonored the priesthood and broken the covenant you made with the priests and Levites" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
NEH 13 30 gd16 0 Thus I cleansed them "In this way I purified them"
NEH 13 30 s3y9 0 established the duties of the priests and the Levites "told the priests and Levites what they were to do"
NEH 13 31 vl4a 0 I provided for the wood offering "I arranged for a supply of wood for the wood offerings"
NEH 13 31 sh91 0 for the firstfruits "for the offering of firstfruits at harvest time"
NEH 13 31 ae94 0 Call me to mind, my God, for good "Think about all I have done, my God, and bless me because of the good things I have done." See how you translated a similar phrase in [Nehemiah 13:14](../13/14.md).
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