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約12:37–41 他雖然在他們面前行了許多神蹟，他們還是不信他。 這是要應驗先知以賽亞的話，說：主阿，我們所傳的有誰信呢？主的膀臂向誰顯露呢？ 他們所以不能信，因為以賽亞又說： 主叫他們瞎了眼，硬了心，免得他們眼睛看見，心裡明白，回轉過來，我就醫治他們。 以賽亞因為看見他的榮耀，就指著他說這話。

羅10:20 又有以賽亞放膽說：沒有尋找我的，我叫他們遇見；沒有訪問我的，我向他們顯現。

歷史脈絡

作者

  • 以賽亞 (Isaiah)：(יְשַׁעְיָהוּ)、Ἠσαΐας ，意思是：耶和華是拯救
    • 亞摩斯 (Amoz) 的兒子 (賽1:1; 2:1; 13:1)
    • 已婚，至少有兩個兒子 (
      • 賽7:3; 8:3, 18

年代

  • 主前八世紀，大約從 740-690+ BC
    • 賽1:1 當烏西雅(792-740 BC)、約坦(750-735 BC)、亞哈斯(735-715 BC)、希西家(727-686 BC)作猶大王的時候，亞摩斯的兒子以賽亞得默示，論到猶大和耶路撒冷。
    • 賽6:1 當烏西雅王崩的那年，我見主坐在高高的寶座上。他的衣裳垂下，遮滿聖殿。 => 740 BC
    • 賽 7:1 烏西雅的孫子、約坦的兒子、猶大王亞哈斯在位的時候，亞蘭王利汛和利瑪利的兒子、以色列王比加上來攻打耶路撒冷，卻不能攻取。 => 735 BC
    • 賽36:1 希西家王十四年，亞述王西拿基立上來攻擊猶大的一切堅固城，將城攻取。 => 701 BC

神學脈絡

文學脈絡

  • 大綱：
    • (1-39)
      • (1-6)
      • (7-39)
        • 信靠亞哈斯 (7-12)
        • (13-35)
        • 希西家 (36-39)
    • (40-55)
    • (56-66)
  • 三大段：Ch. 1-39、Ch. 40-55、Ch. 56-66
  • Oswalt 大綱 --- John N. Oswalt, Isaiah, The NIV Application Commentary (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan Publishing House, 2003), 65–66.：
    • I. Introduction: God’s Servants, Now and Then (1:1–5:30)
      • A. God’s Denunciation, Appeal, and Promise (1:1–31) -B. The Problem: What Israel Is Versus What She Will Be (2:1–4:6)
          1. The Destiny of the House of Jacob (2:1–5)
          1. The House of Jacob Forsaken (2:6–4:1)
          1. Israel Restored (4:2–6)
      • C. A Harvest of Wild Grapes (5:1–30)
    • II. A Call to Servanthood (6:1–13)
    • III. Lessons in Trust—the Basis of Servanthood (7:1–39:8)
      • A. God or Assyria? No Trust (7:1–12:6)
          1. Children, Signs of God’s Presence (7:1–9:7)
          1. Measured by God’s Standards (9:8–10:4)
          1. Hope for Restoration (10:5–11:16)
          1. The Song of Trust (12:1–6) -B. God: Master of the Nations (13:1–35:10)
          1. God’s Judgment on the Nations (13:1–23:18)
          1. God’s Triumph over the Nations (24:1–27:13)
          1. The Folly of Trusting the Nations (28:1–33:24)
          1. Trusting God or the Nations: Results (34:1–35:10)
      • C. God or Assyria? Trust (36:1–39:8)
          1. The Assyrian Threat (36:1–37:38)
          1. The Human Limits of Trust (38:1–39:8)
    • IV. The Vocation of Servanthood (40:1–55:13)
      • A. Introduction: The Servant’s Lord (40:1–31) -B. Motive for Servanthood: Grace (41:1–48:22)
          1. The Servants of the Lord: His Witnesses (41:1–44:22)
          1. The Lord Delivers His Servants (44:23–46:13)
          1. The Lord’s Testimony (47:1–48:22)
      • C. Means of Servanthood: Atonement (49:1–55:13)
          1. Anticipation of Reconciliation (49:1–52:12)
          1. Revelation of the Means of Reconciliation (52:13–53:12)
          1. Invitation to Reconciliation (54:1–55:13)
    • V. The Marks of Servanthood: Divine Character (56:1–66:24)
      • A. Human Inability (56:1–59:21)
          1. Humility and Holiness (56:1–57:21)
          1. Righteousness and Ritual (58:1–59:21) -B. The Lord Has Glorified You (60:1–62:12)
      • C. Divine Ability (63:1–66:24)
          1. Israel’s Faithfulness; the Lord’s Faithfulness (63:1–65:16)
          1. The Final Judgment (65:17–66:24)

Outline of Isaiah

經文大綱

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