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General Information:
The writer continues giving background information about Stephen and other people that is important to understanding the story. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background)
there arose some people ... Asia. These people were debating with Stephen
The word "arose" is an idiom that represents beginning to act. These people did not begin to rise into the air, nor did they necessarily get up from a sitting position. Alternate translation: "some people ... Asia, began to debate against Stephen" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/idiom)
the synagogue of the Freedmen, of the Cyrenians and Alexandrians, and some from Cilicia and Asia
Possible meanings are 1) the members of the synagogue of the Freedmen were Cyrenians and Alexandrians, and those from Cilicia and Asia were debating with Stephen, but they were not members of the synagogue of the Freedmen; or 2) the Cyrenians and the Alexandrians and those from Cilicia and Asia were all members of the synagogue of the Freedmen; or 3) there were three separate groups of people: those from the synagogue, those from Cyrene and Alexandria, and those from Cilicia and Asia.
synagogue of the Freedmen
"Freedmen" were probably ex-slaves from these different locations. It is unclear if the other people listed were part of the synagogue or just participated in the debate with Stephen.
the Cyrenians and Alexandrians
"people from Cyrene and Alexandria." Cyrene and Alexandria were cities in Northern Africa. They were south of the Mediterranean Sea.
some from Cilicia and Asia
Cilicia was a city and Asia was a Roman province, both north of the Mediterranean Sea.
debating with Stephen
"arguing with Stephen"