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Connecting Statement:
Jesus continues to explain to his disciples why he teaches in parables.
to them ... they
All occurrences of "them" and "they" refer to the people in the crowd.
Though they are seeing, they do not see; and though they are hearing, they do not hear, or understand.
Jesus uses this parallelism to tell and emphasize to the disciples that the crowd refuses to understand God's truth. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism)
Though they are seeing
These words could refer to 1) them seeing what Jesus does. Alternate translation: "Though they see what I do" or 2) their ability to see with their eyes. Alternate translation: "Though they are able to see"
they do not see
Here "see" represents understanding. Alternate translation: "they do not understand" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor)
though they are hearing
These words could refer to 1) them hearing what Jesus teaches. Alternate translation: "Though they hear what I say" or 2) their ability to hear with their ears. Alternate translation: "Though they are able to hear"
they do not hear
Here "hear" represents listening well. Alternate translation: "they do not listen well" or "they do not pay attention" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor)