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the God of your father
David calls himself "your father" because this is a very formal occasion. Alternate translation: "my God" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person)
with your whole heart
Here the "heart" the represents the whole person. To do something with "your whole heart" is an idiom. Alternate translation: "with complete devotion" or "completely" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche and rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom)
a willing spirit
Here the "spirit" represents the whole person and emphasizes the person's will. Alternate translation: "willingly" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche)
searches all hearts and understands every motivation of everyone's thoughts
These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Yahweh knows the thoughts and motives of every person. (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism)
all hearts
Here people's "hearts" represent their feelings and desires. Alternate translation: "searches everyone's emotions and desires" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy)
If you seek him, he will be found by you
This can be written in active form. Also, this speaks of following Yahweh and having him listen to you as searching for him and finding him. Alternate translation: "If you seek him, you will find him" or "If you try to get Yahweh to pay attention to you, he will do so" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive and rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor)