PDF 2 Chron 19-27

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Henry Whitney 2019-08-28 19:57:12 -04:00
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# David's name went out into all lands
# David's fame went out into all lands
The word "name" here is a metonym for David's reputation. His name is spoken of as if it were a person who could move. The word "lands" is a metonym for the people living in those lands. Alternate translation: "People in all the lands nearby knew who David was" or "People in all the lands nearby knew that David was a mighty warrior" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]])
The word "fame" here is spoken of as if it were a person who could move. The word "lands" is a metonym for the people living in those lands. Alternate translation: "People in all the lands nearby knew who David was" or "People in all the lands nearby knew that David was a mighty warrior" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]])

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# heads of the ancestral houses
# heads of the families
Here "heads" is a metaphor for the most important part, and "houses" represents families. Alternate translation: "leaders of the ancient families" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
Here "heads" is a metaphor for the most important part. Alternate translation: "leaders of the families" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
# for carrying out judgment for Yahweh

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Translate this man's name as you did in [2 Chronicles 11:8](../11/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])
# your works
"the things you have made"
# The ships were wrecked so that
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The ships became ruined and" or "The ships wrecked so that" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
# they were not able to sail
# they could not go
"no one was able to sail them"

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The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Judah. See how you translated this in [2 Chronicles 10:19](../10/19.md). Alternate translation: "the kingdom of Judah" or "the people of Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
# he had promised that he would always give life to him and his descendants
# he had promised that he would always give a lamp to him and his descendants
"he had promised that David's descendants would always be the ones who ruled Judah." This was the covenant that Yahweh made with David.
# always give life to him and his descendants
"always cause him and his descendants to live" or "never destroy him and his descendants"
Here the word "lamp" is a metaphor, probably for the authority to rule. Alternate translation: "he had promised that David and his descendants would rule Israel forever"

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"While Jehoram was king"
# from the control of Judah
"against Judah's control"
# set a king over themselves
The word "set" is a metonym for choosing, and the words "over themselves" is a metonym for "to rule them." Alternate translation: "chose a king to rule over them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rpronouns]])

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# for the band of men ... had killed all his older sons
# for the marauding band ... had killed all his older sons
This is background information about the events of [2 Chronicles 21:16](../21/16.md) and [2 Chronicles 21:17](../21/17.md). Ahaziah was called "Jehoahaz" in that earlier account. It is possible he changed his name when he became king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]])

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# the heads of the ancestral houses of Israel
# the heads of the families
Here "heads" is a metaphor for the most important part. And "houses" represents the families. Alternate translation: "leaders of the founding families of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
Here "heads" is a metaphor for the most important part. Alternate translation: "leaders of the families" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])

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God's anger is spoken of as something that covered over Judah and Jerusalem. Here the words "Judah" and "Jerusalem" are metonyms for the people who lived there. Alternate translation: "God became very angry with the people of Judah and Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
# this wrongdoing of theirs
# for this guilt of theirs
"their sin"
"because they were guilty of sin"

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This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they had severely wounded Joash" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
# because of the murder of the sons of Jehoiada
# because of the blood of the sons of Jehoiada
"because he had murdered the sons of Jehoiada"
The word "blood" here is a metaphor for innocent life and a metonym for the murder in which the blood was shed. Alternate translation: "because he had murdered the sons of Jehoiada" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
# They killed him in his bed

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This is a generalization that refers to the soldiers of Judah who survived the battle. Alternate translation: "the surviving soldiers of Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]])
# to his tent
"to his home"

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A helmet is a protective head covering.
# coats of mail
# body armor
This is a covering for the body made of metal links or chains.

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# he built cities ... he built castles and towers
# he built cities ... he built fortresses and towers
Since Jotham was king, he may have had his workers build these things. Alternate translation: "he had his workers build cities ... he had his workers build castles and towers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
Since Jotham was king, he may have had his workers build these things. Alternate translation: "he had his workers build cities ... he had his workers build fortresses and towers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])