diff --git a/translate/writing-participants/01.md b/translate/writing-participants/01.md index f80d96e..766fe37 100644 --- a/translate/writing-participants/01.md +++ b/translate/writing-participants/01.md @@ -47,26 +47,19 @@ Some languages have something on the verb that tells something about the subject ### Examples of Translation Strategies Applied 1. If the participant is new, use one of your language's ways of introducing new participants. + * **Joseph, whom the apostles called Barnabas (which means Son of Encouragement), a Levite, a man from Cyprus, sold a field.** (Acts 4:36-37 ULB)

Starting the sentence with Joseph's name when he has not been introduced yet might be confusing in some languages.
+ * There was a man from Cyprus who was a Levite. His name was Joseph, and he was given the name Barnabas by the apostles (that is, being interpreted, Son of encouragement). + * There was a Levite from Cyprus whose name was Joseph. The apostles gave him the name Barnabas, which means Son of encouragement. + +1. If it is not clear who a pronoun refers to, use a noun phrase or name. For example, if the first verse in a chapter contains only pronouns, readers might wonder whom they refer to. - * **Joseph, whom the apostles called Barnabas (which means Son of Encouragement), a Levite, a man from Cyprus, sold a field.** (Acts 4:36-37 ULB). - - Starting the sentence with Joseph's name when he has not been introduced yet might be confusing in some languages. - -* There was a man from Cyprus who was a Levite. His name was Joseph, and he was given the name Barnabas by the apostles (that is, being interpreted, Son of encouragement). - -* There was a Levite from Cyprus whose name was Joseph. The apostles gave him the name Barnabas, which means Son of encouragement. - -1. If it is not clear who a pronoun refers to, use a noun phrase or name. - -If the first verse in a chapter contains only pronouns, readers might wonder whom they refer to. - - * **Then he spoke a parable to them about how they should always pray and not become discouraged.** (Luke 11:1 ULB) - * Then Jesus spoke a parable to his disciples about how they should always pray and not become discouraged. - + * **Then he spoke a parable to them about how they should always pray and not become discouraged.** (Luke 11:1 ULB) + * Then Jesus spoke a parable to his disciples about how they should always pray and not become discouraged. + 1. If an old participant is referred to by name or a noun phrase, and people wonder if this is another new participant, try using a pronoun instead. If a pronoun is not needed because people would understand it clearly from the context, then leave out the pronoun. + * **Now Boaz went up to the gate and sat down there. Soon, the near kinsman of whom Boaz had spoken came by. Boaz said to him....** (Ruth 4:1 ULB)

+Since Boaz is the main person in this part of the story, some languages might find it unnatural or confusing to use his name so much. They might prefer a pronoun. + + * Now Boaz went up to the gate and sat down there. Soon, the near kinsman of whom he had spoken came by. He said to the kinsman.... - * **Now Boaz went up to the gate and sat down there. Soon, the near kinsman of whom Boaz had spoken came by. Boaz said to him....** (Ruth 4:1 ULB) - - Since Boaz is the main person in this part of the story, some languages might find it unnatural or confusing to use his name so much. They might prefer a pronoun. - * Now Boaz went up to the gate and sat down there. Soon, the near kinsman of whom he had spoken came by. He said to the kinsman....