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Issue 66 figs-idioms

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Susan Quigley 2018-12-07 18:32:16 +00:00
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translate/figs-idiom/01.md
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### Description
An idiom is a figure of speech made up of a group of words that, as a whole, has a meaning that is different from what one would understand from the meanings of the individual words. It has a special meaning to the people of the language or culture who use it; someone from outside of the culture usually cannot understand an idiom without someone inside the culture explaining its true meaning. Every language uses idioms. Some English examples are:
* You are pulling my leg (This means, "You are telling me a lie")
* Do not push the envelope (This means, "Do not take the matter to its extreme")
* This house is under water (This means, "The debt owed for this house is greater than its actual value")
* We are painting the town red (This means, "We are going around town tonight celebrating very intensely")
An idiom is created in a culture when someone describes something in an unusual way. When that unusual way communicates the message powerfully and people understand it clearly, other people start to use it. After a while, it becomes a normal way of talking in that language.
An idiom is a figure of speech made up of a group of words that, as a whole, has a meaning that is different from what one would understand from the meanings of the individual words. It has a special meaning to the people of the language or culture who use it; someone from outside of the culture usually cannot understand an idiom without someone inside the culture explaining its true meaning. Every language uses idioms.
### Reasons this is a translation issue
@ -19,33 +12,25 @@ An idiom is created in a culture when someone describes something in an unusual
### Examples from the Bible
> ... he ... threw himself into the sea. (John 21:7)
> But when the young son <u>came to himself</u> ... (Luke 15:17)
The idiom "threw himself" means that he quickly jumped and went down. He may have dived into the water.
The idiom "came to himself" means that he began to think sensibly. He understood his situation.
> robbers, who ... beat him, and left him half dead. (Luke 10:30)
> ... he ... <u>threw himself</u> into the sea. (John 21:7)
The idiom "threw himself" means that he quickly dived or jumped down into the water.
> robbers, who ... beat him, and left him <u>half dead</u>. (Luke 10:30)
The idiom "half dead" means that he was injured so badly that it appeared that he might die soon.
>Then all Israel came to David at Hebron and said, "Look, we are your <u>flesh and bone</u>." (1 Chronicles 11:1 ULB)
The idiom "flesh and bone" means "relatives."
>... he <u>set his face to go</u> to Jerusalem. (Luke 9:51 ULB)
The words "set his face" is an idiom that means "firmly decided and began." He firmly decided to go to Jerusalem, and he started on his way.
>... I am not worthy for you to <u>come under my roof</u>. (Luke 7:6 ULB)
The phrase "come under my roof" is an idiom that means "enter my house."
>Let these words <u>go deeply into your ears</u> ... (Luke 9:44 ULB)
This idiom means "Listen carefully and remember what I say."
>My <u>eyes grow dim</u> from grief ... (Psalm 6:7 ULB)
This idiom means that he cries bitterly for a long time.
This idiom means that he cried bitterly for a long time.
### Translation Strategies
@ -58,12 +43,10 @@ If the idiom would be clearly understood in your language, consider using it. If
### Examples of Translation Strategies Applied
1. Translate the meaning plainly without using an idiom.
* **Look, we are your <u>flesh and bone</u>.** (1 Chronicles 11:1 ULB)
* Look, we are <u>your relatives</u>.
* **... he <u> set his face</u> to go to Jerusalem.** (Luke 9:51 ULB)
* ... he started to travel to Jerusalem, <u>determined to reach it</u>.
* **... I am not worthy for you to come <u>under my roof</u>.** (Luke 7:6 ULB)
* ... I am not worthy for you to come into <u>my house</u>.
* **But when the young son <u>came to himself</u> ...** (Luke 15:17 ULB)
* But when the young man began to think clearly
* **... he ... <u>threw himself</u> into the sea.** (John 21:7 ULB)
* ... he <u>dived</u> into the sea.
1. Use an idiom that people use in your own language that has the same meaning.
* **Let these words <u>go deeply into your ears</u> ...** (Luke 9:44 ULB)