PDF Leviticus all

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Henry Whitney 2019-09-13 16:54:58 -04:00
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"When you gather your crops, do not gather all the way to the edges of your fields"
# neither will you gather all the produce of your harvest
# neither will you gather all the gleanings of your harvest
This refers to the practice of going back over the fields a second time to gather any produce that remained after the first time. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "and do not go back and pick up all that you left behind" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]])

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# Their blood is upon them
# General Information:
The word "blood" here is a metonym for the guilt of putting someone to a violent death. See how you translated similar words in [Leviticus 19:9](../19/09.md). Alternate translation: "the guilt for their violent death is theirs alone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
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The words "poor" and "important" are two extremes, which together mean "anyone." You can translate this to clarify the terms. Alternate translation: "You must not show favoritism to anyone based on how much money they have" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]])
# judge your neighbor righteously
# judge your neighbor justly
"judge everyone according to what is right"

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# Do not use false measures
# General Information:
This prohibits the practice of intentionally using instruments that give inaccurate readings when measuring things.
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Here the idiom "uncovers ... nakedness" means "disgraces." See how you translated this idiom in [Leviticus 18:7](../18/07.md). Alternate translation: "he disgraces his father" or "he shames his father" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]])
# Their blood is upon them
The word "blood" here is a metonym for the guilt of putting someone to a violent death. See how you translated similar words in [Leviticus 19:9](../19/09.md). Alternate translation: "the guilt for their violent death is theirs alone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])

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"The priests must not"
# for they are holy
# he is holy
or "for they are to be set apart"
The understood subject is any priest. Alternate translation: "they are holy" or "all priests are holy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-genericnoun]])

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# infectious skin disease
a disease on the skin easily spread from one person to another
# an infection flowing from his body
"a bodily discharge"

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# the houses owned by the Levites in their cities
# the houses owned by the Levites in the cities they possess
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the houses that the Levites own in their cities" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])

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# Do not charge him interest
# Do not take from him interest or usury
"Do not make him pay you back more than what you lend him"
The words "interest" and "usury" both refer to a lender requiring more from the borrower than he originally lent. Alternate translation: "Do not require him to pay back any more than you lent him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]])

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# He is to be treated
# rule over him severely
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The foreigner who bought him as a slave must treat him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
# he is not treated with harshness
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one treats him badly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
"rule over him in a way that harms him" or "treat him badly"

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"will slowly take away your life" or "will slowly make you die." It is the diseases and the fever that will do this.
# You will plant your seeds for nothing
# You will plant your seeds in vain
The phrase "for nothing" means that they would get nothing from their work. Alternate translation: "You will plant your seeds in vain" or "You will plant your seeds, but you will not get anything from them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]])
The phrase "in vain" means that they would get nothing from their work. Alternate translation: "You will plant your seeds, but you will not get anything from them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]])

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# Your strength will be used up for nothing
# Your strength will be used up in vain
Working very hard is spoken of as if they were to use all their strength until they had no more strength. The phrase "for nothing" means that they would get nothing from working so hard. Alternate translation: "You will work very hard in vain" or "You will work very hard, but you will not receive anything good from working so hard" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]])
Working very hard is spoken of as if they were to use all their strength until they had no more strength. The phrase "in vain" means that they would get nothing from working so hard. Alternate translation: "You will work very hard in vain" or "You will work very hard, but you will not receive anything good from working so hard" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]])

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Stealing is a euphemism or metaphor for killing. Alternate translation: "which will kill your children" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]] or [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
# your roads will be deserted
# your roads will be desolate
"no one will travel on your roads"

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# When I cut off your food supply
# When I cut off your staff of food
Destroying the food that people have stored or stopping people from being able to get it is spoken of as cutting off the supply of food. Alternate translation: "When I destroy the food you have stored" or "When I stop you from being able to get food" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
The word "staff" here refers to the staff a weak person leans on as he walks and is a metaphor for something that people rely on for life. Breaking this staff is a metaphor for destroying the food supply, either by destroying the crops in the fields or stopping the people from trading. Alternate translation: "When I stop you from being able to get food" or "When I make it impossible for you to get the food you depend on" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
# ten women will be able to bake your bread in one oven

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# I will turn your cities into ruins and destroy your sanctuaries
# I will turn your cities into ruins and destroy your sacred places
Because God would send armies to do these things, he speaks as if he would do them. Alternate translation: "I will send enemy armies to turn your cities into ruins and destroy your sanctuaries" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
Because God would send armies to do these things, he speaks as if he would do them. Alternate translation: "I will send enemy armies to turn your cities into ruins and destroy your sacred places" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
# your sanctuaries
# your sacred places
These were places where people worshiped idols instead of God.

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This represents sending armies to attack them. Alternate translation: "I will send enemy armies to attack you" or "I will send enemy armies to attack you with their swords" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
# Your land will be abandoned, and your cities will be ruined
# Your land will be devastated, and your cities will be ruined
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "You will abandon your land, and your enemies will destroy your cities" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Your enemies will devastate your land and destroy your cities" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])

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"Those of you who do not die"
# waste away in their sins
# waste away in their iniquity
Wasting away in their sins represents wasting away because of their sins.
# their fathers' sins
# their fathers' iniquities
Here "their fathers" represents their ancestors. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])

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# their fathers' sin
# their fathers' iniquity
The word "fathers" represents their ancestors. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
# their treason by which they were unfaithful to me
"the way that they were unfaithful to me and tuned against me after I had been so good to them"

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# is in fact unclean, so that Yahweh will not accept it
# is an unclean animal that people cannot give as an offering to Yahweh
If Yahweh will not accept a certain animal as an offering, the animal is spoken of as if it were physically dirty. It may be unclean because it is a certain kind of animal or because it has a defect. Alternate translation: "is in fact one that Yahweh will not accept" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
If Yahweh will not accept a certain animal as an offering, the animal is spoken of as if it were physically dirty. It may be unclean because it is a certain kind of animal or because it has a defect. Alternate translation: "is in fact one that Yahweh will not accept because it is unclean" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])

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# the man from whom it was bought ... the land's owner
# the man from whom it was bought ... the one whose property the land is
These two phases refer to the same person. Normally the land would be bought from its owner.

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# Devour them
# Destroy, Lord
Destroying something is spoken of as eating all of it. Possible meanings are "Destroy my enemies' plans" or "Destroy my enemies." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
Possible meanings are "Destroy my enemies, Lord" or "Destroy my enemies." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]])
# confuse their language
# divide their tongue
"Language" here represents what the people were saying to each other, and probably refers specifically to them talking about plans to do evil. Confusing it represents making the people unable to understand each other. Alternate translation: "confuse them when they speak to each other" or "confuse their plans" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
The word "tongue" here represents what the people were saying to each other, and probably refers specifically to them talking about plans to do evil. To "divide" it is to make the people unable to understand each other. Alternate translation: "confuse them when they speak to each other" or "confuse their plans" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])