From PDF Lamentations

lam/01/09.md

@@ -1,14 +1,18 @@
 # She has become unclean beneath her skirts
 
-According to the l of Moses, a woman was considered unclean during her monthly bleeding. This speaks of Jerusalem being unclean, as if it were a menstruating woman. Alternate translation: "Jerusalem has become unclean, as when a woman is unclean beneath her skirts" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
+According to the law of Moses, a woman was considered unclean during her monthly bleeding. This speaks of Jerusalem being unclean, as if it were a menstruating woman. Alternate translation: "Jerusalem has become unclean, as when a woman is unclean beneath her skirts" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
 
 # unclean
 
 A person who God considers to be spiritually unacceptable or defiled is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
 
-# Her fall was terrible
+# Her fall was astonishing
 
-The phrase "her fall" is an idiom. Alternate translation: "Her downfall was astonishing" or "Those who saw her destruction were surprised" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]])
+The phrase "her fall" is an metaphor for the city being destroyed. Alternate translation: "Those who saw how she was destroyed were astonished" or "Those who saw how the city was destroyed were astonished" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]])
+
+# astonishing
+
+Usually this word refers to a miracle that helps people, but here it refers to an event that no one thought could happen, but that has been so harmful that people have a hard time believing what they see.
 
 # Look at my affliction, Yahweh
 

lam/01/20.md

@@ -14,9 +14,9 @@ The word "churn" means to move around violently, normally in a circular rotation
 
 Here the woman, representing Jerusalem, refers to her "heart" to emphasize her feelings. Alternate translation: "my heart is broken" or "I am extremely sad" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]])
 
-# the sword bereaves a mother
+# the sword bereaves
 
-The "sword" represents the enemy. Alternate translation: "the enemy kills a mother's children" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
+The "sword" represents the enemy. The word "bereaves" speaks of what is done to the parent, probably the mother, of the person whom the enemy kills. Alternate translation: "the enemy kills a mother's children" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
 
 # inside the house there is only death
 

lam/01/21.md

@@ -10,9 +10,13 @@ In this section Jerusalem is portrayed as a woman speaking about herself. (See:
 
 Here the word "you" refers to Yahweh.
 
-# You have brought the day you promised
+# You have brought the day you proclaimed
 
-The phrase "the day" is an idiom that refers to a specific event happening. Alternate translation: "You have done what you have promised" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]])
+The phrase "the day" is an idiom that refers to a specific event happening. Alternate translation: "You have done what you have proclaimed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]])
+
+# you have proclaimed
+
+You may need to make explicit that the proclamation was a promise. Alternate translation: "you have promised" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]])
 
 # now let them become like me
 

lam/02/04.md

@@ -1,7 +1,19 @@
-# Like an enemy he has bent his bow toward us, with his right is ready to shoot
+# He has bent his bow toward us like an enemy, he has set his right hand like an adversary
 
 A soldier has to bend his bow in order to shoot an arrow from it. This speaks of the Lord preparing to attack Israel as if he were an enemy about to shoot them with a bow and arrow. Alternate translation: "He has prepared to kill us, like an enemy who has made his bow ready to shoot us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]])
 
+# like an enemy ... like an adversary
+
+"As if he were our enemy ... as if he were our adversary"
+
+# he has set his right hand like an adversary. He has slaughtered all
+
+Some versions read, "he has set his right hand. Like an adversary, he has slaughtered all"
+
+# he has set his right hand
+
+He has pulled back the bowstring and is ready to shoot an arrow. Most bowmen pull back the string and arrow with their right hands.
+
 # in the tent of the daughter of Zion
 
 The "daughter of Zion" is a poetic name for Jerusalem, which is spoken of here as if it were a woman. The phrase "tent of the daughter of Zion" speaks of Jerusalem as a "tent" emphasizing that it is the home of those who live there. Alternate translation: "who live in Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])

lam/02/06.md

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
-# He has attacked his tabernacle like a garden hut
+# He has done violence to his tabernacle like a garden
 
-This speaks of the tabernacle being easily destroyed, as if it were a garden hut. The Lord caused Israel's enemies to destroy it. He did not destroy it himself. Alternate translation: "He has caused their enemies to attack his tabernacle as easily as if it were a garden hut" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
+The words "He has done violence to" are a metonym for the Lord enabling Israel's enemies to attack the "tabernacle." He did not do it himself. The word "tabernacle," usually a temporary shelter made of sticks and branches, is an ironic metaphor for the temple, which the people expected to be a permanent building. The enemies destroyed the temple easily, as if they were destroying a garden. Alternate translation: "He has caused their enemies to destroy his tabernacle as easily as if they were destroying a garden" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
 
-# a garden hut
+# a garden
 
-a very small building for holding farming tools or for sheltering someone who is guarding a garden
+Some versions read "a garden hut," referring to a very small building for holding farming tools or for sheltering someone who is guarding a garden.
 
 # He has destroyed the place of the solemn assembly
 

lam/02/21.md

@@ -6,9 +6,13 @@ It is implied here that this refers to dead people. Alternate translation: "The
 
 These phrases refer to people. These two opposites are used to refer to all ages of people. Alternate translation: "Both young people and old people" or "People of all ages" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-nominaladj]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]])
 
-# My young women and my young men have fallen by the sword
+# My virgins and my young men have fallen by the sword
 
-Here the "sword" refers to their enemies. This is a euphemism that means that they were murdered by their enemies. Alternate translation: "My young women and my young men have been murdered by their enemies" or "My enemies have murdered my young women and my young men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]])
+Here the "sword" refers to their enemies. This is a euphemism that means that they were murdered by their enemies. Alternate translation: "My virgins and my young men have been murdered by their enemies" or "My enemies have murdered my virgins and my young men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]])
+
+# virgins
+
+Here this is probably a synecdoche for young women in general, the most valuable of whom would be virgins. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]])
 
 # you have slaughtered them