PDF Isaiah beginning

isa/01/10.md

@@ -2,6 +2,10 @@
 
 Isaiah speaks to the people of Judah in the form of a poem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]])
 
+# listen to the instruction of our God
+
+"listen and let our God rebuke you." The word "instruction" here probably includes the idea of rebuke.
+
 # you rulers of Sodom ... you people of Gomorrah
 
 Isaiah is comparing the people of Judah to Sodom and Gomorrah to emphasize how sinful they have become. Alternate translation: "you rulers who are as sinful as the people of Sodom ... you people who are as wicked as those who lived in Gomorrah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])

isa/01/24.md

@@ -10,7 +10,11 @@ Isaiah begins to speak Yahweh's words to the people of Judah in the form of a po
 
 Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. Alternate translation: "this is what the Lord Yahweh of hosts, the Mighty One of Israel, has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, the Mighty One of Israel, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]])
 
-# I will take vengeance against my adversaries, and avenge myself against my enemies
+# I will comfort myself concerning my adversaries 
 
-Both of these phrases mean basically the same thing. The words "take vengeance against my adversaries" speak more of Yahweh doing whatever he needs to do to those who work against him so he can be happy. The words "avenge myself against my enemies" speak more of Yahweh justly punishing his enemies. Alternate translation: "I will punish those who opposed me" or "I will do what pleases me to those who work against me, and I will justly punish my enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]])
+Yahweh will comfort himself by taking just vengeance on his adversaries.
+
+# I will ... avenge myself against my enemies
+
+"I will justly punish my enemies"
 

isa/02/04.md

@@ -14,6 +14,10 @@ Isaiah speaks to the people of Judah in the form of a poem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/m
 
 The people of the nations will turn their weapons of war into tools for farming.
 
+# they will hammer
+
+"they will use hammers to shape"
+
 # swords ... spears ... sword
 
 These words are synecdoches for weapons of any kind. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]])

isa/03/08.md

@@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ Disobeying God is spoken of as if it were stumbling and falling. (See: [[rc://en
 
 # the eyes of his glory
 
-Here "the eyes" stands for God himself, who is glorious. Alternate translation: "him who is glorious" or "Yahweh who is glorious" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]])
+Here "the eyes" stands for God himself, who is glorious. Alternate translation: "him who is glorious" or "Yahweh, who is glorious" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]])
 

isa/04/02.md

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "branch" is a synecdoche that represents the crops Yahw
 
 "will be full of beauty and glory"
 
-# the fruit of the land will be tasty and delightful for those survivors in Israel
+# the fruit of the land will be the pride and delight of those survivors in Israel
 
-"Fruit" sometimes simply represents food produced in the land, and sometimes it represents spiritual blessings. Possible meanings here are 1) God will cause the land to produce good food again. Alternate translation: "the people who are still in Israel will enjoy the best food from the land" or 2) the future Messiah will bring spiritual blessings to the people in the land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
+The phrase "fruit of the land" speaks a synecdoche for all food crops that grow on the land. The words "pride" and "delight" are metonyms for what it is that brings pride and delight. Alternate translation: "the fruit of the land will be what makes those survivors in Israel proud and what they delight in" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
 

isa/04/04.md

@@ -2,6 +2,10 @@
 
 This expression speaks of sin as if it were physical dirt. Alternate translation: "after the Lord removes the sins of the daughters of Zion as someone washes away filth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
 
+# filth
+
+This word can refer to dung or to vomit, so you should use a general word here that can refer to either.
+
 # the daughters of Zion
 
 Possible meanings are 1) the women of Jerusalem or 2) the people of Jerusalem.

isa/05/13.md

@@ -10,3 +10,7 @@ In prophecy things that will happen in the future are often referred to as if th
 
 What they do not understand can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "because they do not understand Yahweh or his law" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]])
 
+# are famished
+
+"are extremely hungry"
+

isa/05/24.md

@@ -1,15 +1,23 @@
+# General Information:
+
+Yahweh threatens to destroy the evil people of [Isaiah 5:18-23](../05/18.md).
+
 # tongue of fire
 
 "flame of fire" or "flame"
 
-# as the tongue of fire devours stubble, and as the dry grass goes down in flame
+# stubble ... chaff
 
-These phrases mean basically the same thing. God will punish the people described in [Isaiah 5:18-23](./18.md). Alternate translation: "as a fire burns up stubble and grass" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]])
+"Stubble" and "chaff" are the useless parts of the food grain plant. During harvest they are dry and so burn easily. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]])
 
 # stubble
 
 The dry pieces of plants that are left in the ground after the stalks have been cut.
 
+# chaff
+
+or "dry grass"
+
 # their root will rot, and their blossom will blow away like dust
 
 Isaiah speaks of these people as if they were a dying plant. Alternate translation: "they will die like a plant whose roots have rotted and whose blossom has dried up and blown away in the wind" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])