FD correx

rom/04/01.md

@@ -1,8 +1,4 @@
-# Connecting Statement:
-
-Paul confirms that even in the past believers were made right with God by faith and not by the law.
-
 # What then will we say that Abraham, our forefather according to the flesh, found?
 
-Paul uses the question to catch the attention of the reader and to start talking about something new. Alternate translation: "This is what Abraham our physical ancestor found" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
+Paul uses the question to catch the attention of the reader and to start talking about something new. Alternate translation: "This is what Abraham our physical ancestor found." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
 

rom/04/03.md

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-# For what does the scripture say
+# For what does the scripture say?
 
-Paul uses this question to add emphasis. He speaks of the Scriptures as if they were alive and could talk. Alternate translation: "For we can read in the scripture" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
+Paul uses this question to call attention to what he is about to say, not to receive an answer. He speaks of the Scriptures as if they were alive and could talk. Alternate translation: "For this is what is in the scripture:" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
 
 # it was counted to him as righteousness
 
-You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "God considered Abraham as a righteous person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "God considered Abraham to be a righteous person because he believed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 

rom/04/04.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # what he is paid is not counted as a gift
 
-This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one counts what the employer pays him as a gift from the employer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one counts what his employer pays him as a gift from his employer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 
 # but as what is owed
 

rom/04/07.md

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 # whose lawless deeds are forgiven ... whose sins are covered
-The same concept is stated in two different ways. You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "the Lord has forgiven those who have broken the law ... whose sins the Lord has covered" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+The same concept is stated in two different ways. You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "who have broken the law, but the Lord has forgiven ... whose sins the Lord has covered" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 

rom/04/09.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Then is this blessing pronounced only on those of the circumcision, or also on those of the uncircumcision?
 
-This remark appears in the form of a question to add emphasis. Alternate translation: "Does God bless only those who are circumcised, or also those who are not circumcised?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
+This remark appears in the form of a question to show that Paul is beginning a discussion about the relationship between blessing and circumcision. Alternate translation: "I want to show you how it is that God blesses not only those who are circumcised, but also those who are not circumcised" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
 
 # those of the circumcision
 
@@ -10,6 +10,10 @@ This is a metonym that refers to the Jewish people. Alternate translation: "the
 
 This is a metonym that refers to the people who are not Jews. Alternate translation: "the Gentiles" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 
+# For we say
+
+Paul is going to show that because God counted Abraham as righteous by faith, we can infer that it is people who have faith that God counts righteous.
+
 # Faith was counted to Abraham as righteousness
 
 You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "God considered the faith of Abraham as righteousness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

rom/04/10.md

@@ -1,6 +1,10 @@
-# How was it counted to him? Was it before or after he had been circumcised?
+# How was it counted to him? Was it before or after he had been circumcised? It was not after, but before!
 
-Paul asks these questions to add emphasis to his remarks. Alternate translation: "When did God consider Abraham to be righteous? Was it before his circumcision, or after it?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
+Paul asks two questions to introduce the third sentence. The first question is a general question, and the second question specifically narrows the first question down to the matter of circumcision. The statement answers the second question directly. The first question may be translated in active form. If your language does not allow speakers to introduce what they are talking about using questions, you may need to translate these all as statements. Alternate translation: "How did God consider Abraham to be righteous? Did he do it before Abraham was circumcised, or after? It was not after, but before!" or "This is when it was counted to him: it was not after he had been circumcised, but before!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
+
+# How was it counted to him?
+
+Paul is asking in a general way about the circumstances in which God considered Abraham righteous. He is not asking what procedure God followed to consider Abraham righteous. Alternate translation: "When was it counted to him?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
 
 # It was not after, but before
 

rom/04/11.md

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 # a seal of the righteousness that he had by faith while he was still uncircumcised
 
-Here "righteousness of the faith" means that God considered him to be righteous. Alternate translation: "a visible sign that God considered him righteous because he had believed in God before he was circumcised" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
+Here "righteousness that he had by faith" means that God considered him to be righteous because he had faith. Alternate translation: "a visible sign that God considered him righteous because he had believed in God before he was circumcised" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 
 # so that righteousness would be counted to them
 
-You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "so that God will consider them righteous" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "so that God would consider them righteous" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 

rom/04/12.md

@@ -1,8 +1,12 @@
+# General Information:
+
+Paul is saying that circumcision alone does not make a man a descendant of Abraham, that is, a true Jew. A true Jew is one who has been circumcised and who lives by faith the way Abraham did.
+
 # He is also the father of the circumcised
 
-Here "the circumcision" refers to those who are true believers in God, both Jews and Gentiles.
+Here "the circumcision" refers to Jews.
 
 # who also walk in the footsteps of the faith that our father Abraham had
 
-Here "walk in the footsteps of the faith" is an idiom that means to follow someone's example of follow. Alternate translation: "who follow our father Abraham's example of faith" or "who have faith as our father Abraham did" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
+Here "walk in the footsteps of the faith" is an idiom that means to follow someone's example. Alternate translation: "who follow our father Abraham's example in the faith that he had" or "who have faith as our father Abraham did" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
 

rom/04/13.md

@@ -1,4 +1,8 @@
-# but through the righteousness of faith
+# Connecting Statement:
 
-The words "the promise came" are understood from the first phrase. You can translate this by adding these implied words. Alternate translation: "but the promise came through faith, which God considers as righteousness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
+Paul confirms that even in the past believers were made right with God by faith and not by the law.
+
+# law but through the righteousness of faith
+
+The words "the promise came" are understood from the first phrase. You can translate this by adding these implied words. Alternate translation: "law, but the promise came through faith, which God considers as righteousness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
 

rom/04/17.md

@@ -12,5 +12,5 @@ Here "of him whom he trusted" refers to God. Alternate translation: "Abraham was
 
 # calls the things that do not exist into existence
 
-"created everything from nothing"
+"creates everything from nothing"
 

rom/04/18.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # In hope he believed against hope
 
-This idiom means that Abraham trusted God even though it did not seem that he could have a son. Alternate translation: "Even though it seemed impossible for him to have descendants, he believe God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
+This idiom means that Abraham trusted God even though it did not seem that he could have a son. Alternate translation: "Even though it seemed impossible for him to have descendants, he believed God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 
 # according to what he had been told
 

rom/04/19.md

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# Without becoming weak in faith,
+# General Information:
-
-You can translate this in a positive form. Alternate translation: "He remained strong in his faith, although" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
 
+This page has intentionally been left blank.

rom/04/20.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-# did not hesitate in unbelief
+# did not hesitate in unbelief. Instead, he
 
-You can translate this double negative in a positive form. Alternate translation: "kept on acting in faith" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
+You can translate this double negative in a positive form. Alternate translation: "kept on acting in faith. He" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
 
 # he was strengthened in faith
 

rom/04/intro.md

@@ -10,12 +10,12 @@ Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of
 Paul builds upon material from chapter 3. He explains how Abraham, the father of Israel, was justified. Even Abraham could not be justified by what he did. Obeying the law of Moses does not make a person right with God. Obeying God's commands is a way a person shows they believe in God. People have always been justified only by faith. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]])
 
 ##### Circumcision #####
-Circumcision was important to the Israelites. It identified a person as a descendant of Abraham. It was also a sign of the covenant between Abraham and Yahweh. However, no person was justified only by being circumcised. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/circumcise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])
+Circumcision was important to the Israelites. It identified a male as a descendant of Abraham. It was also a sign of the covenant between Abraham and Yahweh. However, no person was justified only by being circumcised. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/circumcise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])
 
 #### Important figures of speech in this chapter ####
 
 ##### Rhetorical Questions #####
-Paul uses rhetorical questions in this chapter. It appears the intent of these rhetorical questions is to make the reader see their sin so they will trust in Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/guilt]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
+Paul uses rhetorical questions in this chapter. It appears the intent of these rhetorical questions is to make the readers see their sin so they will trust in Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/guilt]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
 
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