# the Jews who were disobedient

This refers to the portion of the Jews who did not believe the message about Jesus.

# stirred up the minds of the Gentiles

Causing the Gentiles to become angry is spoken of as if calm waters were disturbed. 

# the minds of the Gentiles

"the Gentiles" 

# the brothers

Here "brothers" refers to Paul and Barnabas and the new believers.