# General Information:

In 2:4-15, Yahweh announces his judgment on the nations that surround Judah.

# the taunts ... the reviling

"the taunts ... the insults." These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize that both Moab and Ammon have insulted Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])

# violated their borders

This refers to crossing over into Judah's territory in order to attack them.