"Then Jesus said to his disciples." Since this is just a continuation of Jesus speaking from the previous verse, some languages may prefer not to say "Then he said to them."
## Nation will rise against nation ##
This can be translated as "One nation will attack another nation."
## Nation ##
This refers to ethnic groups of people rather than to countries.
## kingdom against kingdom ##
"kingdom will rise against kingdom" or "one kingdom will attack another" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
## famines and plagues ##
"there will be famines and plagues" or "times of hunger and diseases that kill many people"
## terrifying events ##
"events that terrify people" or "events that cause people to be very afraid"