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tA 70 Hypothetical situations 

"Conditions that are contrary to fact"
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Susan Quigley 2018-11-02 19:23:16 +00:00
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### Description
A contrary-to-fact condition is a conditional clause that is false, or contrary to fact. Conditional clauses normally have the word "if."
A condition that is contrary to fact is false. It is not met. or contrary to fact. People sometimes talk about conditions and what would happen as a result of those conditions being met, but they know that these conditions are not met, so the results also do not happen. (The conditions are the phrase that start with "if.")
People sometimes tell about conditions and what would happen as a result of those conditions being met, but they know that these conditions are not met, so the results also do not happen. (The conditions are the phrase that start with "if.")
In the sentences below, the first clause with "if" is the contary-to-fact condition. The second is clause tells what the result would be if the condition were met. But since the condition is not met, the expected result does not happen.
In the sentences below, the first clause with "if" is a condition that is contrary to fact. The second clause tells what the result would be if the condition were met. But since the condition is not met, the expected result does not happen.
* If he had known about the party, he would have come to it. (But he did not come.)
* If he knew about the party, he would be here. (But he is not here.)
* If he knew about the party, he would come to it. (But he probably will not come.)
Contrary-to-fact conditions can be used to express regret about things that are not as desired.
Conditions that are contrary to fact can also be used to express regret about things that are not as desired.
* If only he had come.
* If only he were here.
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### Reasons this is a translation issue
* Translators need to recognize contrary-to-fact conditions in the Bible.
* Translators need to know their own language's ways of expressing contrary-to-fact conditions.
* Translators need to recognize conditions that are contrary to fact in the Bible.
* Translators need to know their own language's ways of expressing conditions that are contrary to fact.
### Examples from the Bible
##### Contrary-to-fact conditions with their results
##### Conditions that are contrary to fact with their results
>"Woe to you, Chorazin! Woe to you, Bethsaida! <u>If the mighty deeds had been done in Tyre and Sidon which were done in you, they would have repented long ago in sackcloth and ashes.</u>" (Matthew 11:21 ULB)
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Jesus was talking about a future time when very bad things would happen. He told what would happen if those days of trouble were to last a long time. He did this to show how bad those days will be - so bad that if they lasted a long time, no one would be saved. But then he clarified that God will shorten those days of trouble, so that the elect (those he has chosen) will be saved.
##### Contrary-to-fact conditions used for expressing regret
Contrary-to-fact conditions can be used for regrets or wishes about things that cannot be as people hoped.
##### Conditions that are contrary to fact used to express regret
>The Israelites said to them, "<u>If only we had died by Yahweh's hand in the land of Egypt when we were sitting by the pots of meat and were eating bread to the full.</u> For you have brought us out into this wilderness to kill our whole community with hunger." (Exodus 16:3 ULB)