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Update 'jit/translate-bvolume/01.md'

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Susan Quigley 2019-02-15 16:40:39 +00:00
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@ -26,9 +26,17 @@ The following terms are the most common units of volume used in the Bible to sta
* If you do not use the Biblical measures, try not to give the readers the idea that the measurements are exact. For example, if you translate one hin as "3.7 liters," readers might think that the measurement is exactly 3.7 liters, not 3.6 or 3.8. It would be better to use a more approximate measure such as "three and a half liters" or "four liters." * If you do not use the Biblical measures, try not to give the readers the idea that the measurements are exact. For example, if you translate one hin as "3.7 liters," readers might think that the measurement is exactly 3.7 liters, not 3.6 or 3.8. It would be better to use a more approximate measure such as "three and a half liters" or "four liters."
* When God tells people how much of something to use, and when people use those amounts in obedience to him, do not say "about" in the translation. Otherwise it will give the impression that God did not care exactly how much they used. * When God tells people how much of something to use, and when people use those amounts in obedience to him, do not say "about" in the translation. Otherwise it will give the impression that God did not care exactly how much they used.
### When the unit of measure is stated ### Examples from the Bible
#### Translation Strategies **Sometimes the unit of measure is stated explicitly.**
>For a ten-yoke vineyard will yield only one <u>bath</u>, and one <u>homer</u> of seed will yield only an <u>ephah</u>. (Isaiah 5:10 ULB)
**Sometimes the Hebrew does not specify a particular unit of volume but only uses a number. In these cases, many English versions, including the ULB and UDB, add the word "measure."**
> When you came to a heap of <u>twenty measures</u> of grain, there were only <u>ten</u>; and when you came to the wine vat to draw out <u>fifty measures</u>, there were only <u>twenty</u>. (Haggai 2:16 ULB)
### Translation Strategies For When the Unit of Measure is Stated Explicitly
1. Use the measurements from the ULB. These are the same kinds of measurements that the original writers used. Spell them in a way that is similar to the way they sound or are spelled in the ULB. (see [Borrow Words](../translate-transliterate/01.md)) 1. Use the measurements from the ULB. These are the same kinds of measurements that the original writers used. Spell them in a way that is similar to the way they sound or are spelled in the ULB. (see [Borrow Words](../translate-transliterate/01.md))
1. Use the metric measurements given in the UDB. The translators of the UDB have already figured how to represent the amounts in the metric system. 1. Use the metric measurements given in the UDB. The translators of the UDB have already figured how to represent the amounts in the metric system.
@ -36,7 +44,7 @@ The following terms are the most common units of volume used in the Bible to sta
1. Use the measurements from the ULB and include measurements that your people know in the text or a note. 1. Use the measurements from the ULB and include measurements that your people know in the text or a note.
1. Use measurements that your people know, and include the measurements from the ULB in the text or in a note. 1. Use measurements that your people know, and include the measurements from the ULB in the text or in a note.
#### Examples of Translation Strategies Applied ### Examples of Translation Strategies Applied
The strategies are all applied to Isaiah 5:10 below. The strategies are all applied to Isaiah 5:10 below.
@ -46,8 +54,8 @@ The strategies are all applied to Isaiah 5:10 below.
* "For a ten-yoke vineyard will yield only one <u>bat</u>, and one <u>homer</u> of seed will yield only an <u>efa</u>." * "For a ten-yoke vineyard will yield only one <u>bat</u>, and one <u>homer</u> of seed will yield only an <u>efa</u>."
1. Use the measurements given in the UDB. Usually they are metric measurements. The translators of the UDB have already figured how to represent the amounts in the metric system. 1. Use the measurements given in the UDB. Usually they are metric measurements. The translators of the UDB have already figured how to represent the amounts in the metric system.
* "For a ten-yoke vineyard will yield only <u>twenty-two liters</u>, and <u>ten baskets</u> of seed will yield only <u>one basket</u>."
* "For a ten-yoke vineyard will yield only <u>twenty-two liters</u> and <u>220 liters</u> of seed will yield only <u>twenty-two liters</u>." * "For a ten-yoke vineyard will yield only <u>twenty-two liters</u> and <u>220 liters</u> of seed will yield only <u>twenty-two liters</u>."
1. Use measurements that are already used in your language. In order to do this you would need to know how your measurements relate to the metric system and figure out each measurement. 1. Use measurements that are already used in your language. In order to do this you would need to know how your measurements relate to the metric system and figure out each measurement.
* "For a ten-yoke vineyard will yield only <u>six gallons</u>, and <u>six and a half bushels</u> of seed will yield only <u>twenty quarts</u>." * "For a ten-yoke vineyard will yield only <u>six gallons</u>, and <u>six and a half bushels</u> of seed will yield only <u>twenty quarts</u>."
@ -57,25 +65,20 @@ The strategies are all applied to Isaiah 5:10 below.
1. Use measurements that your people know, and include the measurements from the ULB in the text or in a note. The following shows the ULB measurements in footnotes. 1. Use measurements that your people know, and include the measurements from the ULB in the text or in a note. The following shows the ULB measurements in footnotes.
* "For a ten-yoke vineyard will yield only <u>twenty-two liters,</u><sup>[1]</sup>and <u>220 liters</u><sup>[2]</sup>of seed will yield only <u>twenty-two liters.</u><sup>[3]</sup>" * "For a ten-yoke vineyard will yield only <u>twenty-two liters,</u><sup>[1]</sup>and <u>220 liters</u><sup>[2]</sup>of seed will yield only <u>twenty-two liters.</u><sup>[3]</sup>"
* The footnotes would look like: * The footnotes would look like:
<sup>[1]</sup>one bath <sup>[1]</sup>Twenty-two liters is one bath.
<sup>[2]</sup>one homer <sup>[2]</sup>Two hundred twenty liters is one homer.
<sup>[3]</sup>one ephah <sup>[3]</sup>Twenty-two liters is one ephah.
### When the unit of measure is implied
Sometimes the Hebrew does not specify a particular unit of volume but only uses a number. In these cases, many English versions, including the ULB and UDB, add the word "measure." ### Translation Strategies For When the Unit of Measure is Implied
* **When you came to a heap of <u>twenty measures</u> of grain, there were only <u>ten</u>; and when you came to the wine vat to draw out <u>fifty measures</u>, there were only <u>twenty</u>.** (Haggai 2:16 ULB)
#### Translation Strategies
1. Translate literally by using the number without a unit. 1. Translate literally by using the number without a unit.
1. Use a generic word like "measure" or "quantity" or "amount." 1. Use a generic word like "measure" or "quantity" or "amount."
1. Use the name of an appropriate container, such as "basket" for grain or "jar" for wine. 1. Use the name of an appropriate container, such as "basket" for grain or "jar" for wine.
1. Use a unit of measure that you are already using in your translation. 1. Use a unit of measure that you are already using in your translation.
#### Examples of Translation Strategies Applied ### Examples of Translation Strategies Applied
The strategies are all applied to Haggai 2:16 below. The strategies are all applied to Haggai 2:16 below.