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### How to Re-tell the Meaning
Following is a list of ordered steps. The purpose of these steps is to help the translator produce a translation that is natural, understandable, and accurate. One of the most common translator mistakes is failing to use the natural forms in the target language for developing a coherent text. By following these steps, the translator will produce a more natural and more understandable translation.
MAST was developed as a simple process that emphasizes meaning transferance. In other words, the eight steps of MAST were specifically designed to help translators understand and then retell the meaning of the text. If the eight steps are consistantly followed, the translation will be meaning-based, natural, and accurate. Here is an overview of the MAST process with notes on the transfering of meaning from the source language to the target language:
1. Read the entire chosen passage in the source language. The passage could be a paragraph or one thing that happened in a story, or even a whole section (in some Bibles, everything from one heading to the next heading). In a difficult text, a passage might be only one or two verses.
1. Without looking at the text in the source language, verbally tell it in the target language. Although you might forget some parts, continue telling what you remember right to the end.
1. Again, look at the source language text. Now tell everything again in the target language.
1. Looking again at the source language text, focus only on the parts you forgot, and then re-tell it all in the target language by memory.
1. After remembering the entire passage, write it exactly as it you re-told it by memory.
1. Once written, look at the source language to see if you have overlooked some detail. Insert any such detail in the most natural place.
1. If you do not understand something in the source text, write into the translation '[not understood]' and continue writing the rest of the passage.
1. Now, read what you wrote. Assess whether you understand it or not. Fix the parts that should be improved.
1. Go on to the next section. Read it in the source language. Strictly follow steps 2 through 8.
1. Consume: read the chapter in the source text, thinking about what it means. Consider the chapter as a whole, noticing its form, and style as well as the setting and background. Even as you think of these things, do not get bogged down. This step should only take a few minutes.
2. Verbalize: In the target language express what you just consumed. This is best done to another translator who also speaks the target language. But it is such an important brain process, that if no one is available, it is still essential that the translator do this step by telling it to someone who can't understand his target language or even speaking it out loud to no one in particular. The process of retelling what he read out loud in his heart language, helps to transfer its meaning into his memory for later.
3. Chunk: break down the chapter into its individual meaning packets or workable parts. This step will occur naturally in your mind and should be easy to transfer to paper. The chunks should be as long as needed to cover the meaning of a portion of the story, but not so long that you cannot remember the whole thing. Usually 1-4 verses are contained in a chunk although with narrative passages it could be longer. ONce you have divided the chapter into chunks, review the first chunk doing step one and two again in your head before moving on to step 4. You will do this for each chunk as you work through the rest of the steps.
4. Blind draft: Close the source text and write down from memory the meaning of the chunk you just reviewed. This may seem scary, but if you will force yourself to try, you will realize you remember more than you had at first expected. And whatever you did not remember can be added during the checking steps. This step merely provides the first draft. Writing down what you remember without referencing the source text will help you to write it naturally in your own language.
5. Self-edit: go through your blind draft and compare it to the source text to see if you missed anything. Also consider the historical setting and form of the text. Have you represented each eaccurately in your translation? Make any necessary changes, additions or deletions.
6. Peer-edit: You will do this step for a translation partner just as another translator on the team will do it for you. Repeat the same process as self-edit but with a partner's draft of a passage.
7. Key word check: Using the translationNotes tool go through the passage and make sure all key words are present, accurately represented and use consistant terms agreed upon by the translation team.
8. Verse-by-verse check: This final step should be done with three people when possible--the translator and two others from his team. Each verse should be checked against hte source text, using the translationNotes and translationQuestions as resoruces to confirm the accuracy and meaningfulness of the passage.
*Credits: Used by permission, © 2013, SIL International, Sharing Our Native Culture, p. 59.*
If these eight steps are followed by the team, the result will be an accurate retelling of the meaining of the source text.