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# Isaiah 01 General Notes
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### Structure and formatting
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Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 1:2-31, which is a vision Isaiah receives. These are the words of Yahweh.
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### Special concepts in this chapter
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#### Woe
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The prophecy of this chapter serves as a warning to the people of the kingdom of Judah. If they do not change their evil ways, Yahweh will punish them. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/woe]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]])
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### Important figures of speech in this chapter
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#### Metaphors
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There are many vivid metaphors used to describe Judah's sin. Their sin is described as a sickness that spreads. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
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#### Rhetorical Questions
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Yahweh uses several rhetorical questions in this chapter. The purpose of these questions is to convince the people of Judah of their sin. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]])
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## Links:
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* __[Isaiah 01:01 Notes](./01.md)__
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* __[Isaiah intro](../front/intro.md)__
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__| [>>](../02/intro.md)__
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# Isaiah 02 General Notes
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### Structure and formatting
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Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 2:2-22.
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### Special concepts in this chapter
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#### Latter days
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This is probably a reference to the "last days." This makes parts of this prophecy reference events near the end of this world. Most scholars expect these prophecies to be fulfilled by Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lastday]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]])
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#### Idolatry
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While the first prophecy of Isaiah concerned the lack of justice in Judah, this chapter focuses on the presence of idolatry in Judah. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]])
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## Links:
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* __[Isaiah 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__
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__[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__
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# Isaiah 03 General Notes
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### Structure and formatting
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This chapter is a continuation of the material in the previous chapter. Some translations Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 3:1-26, which is a vision Isaiah receives. These are the words of Yahweh.
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#### Judgment
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This chapter is structured as a judgment against the Jews. God is acting as a judge reading the list of convictions against them and then he reads the judgment. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]])
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### Special concepts in this chapter
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#### Exile
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While the previous part of the prophecy in chapter 2 discussed the last days, this part of the prophecy predicts the exile of Judah to Babylon. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lastday]])
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## Links:
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* __[Isaiah 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__
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__[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__
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# Isaiah 04 General Notes
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### Special concepts in this chapter
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#### More women than men
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This chapter describes a time when there will be many more women than men in Judah. This is because so many of Judah's fighting men will have died before the exile. Those who come through this difficult time will be a holy remnant. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/remnant]])
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### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter
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#### Branch of Yahweh
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Scholars are divided over the possible meaning of this metaphor. Some believe it is a reference to the Messiah, while others believe it is a reference to the faithful remnant. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]])
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## Links:
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* __[Isaiah 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__
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__[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__
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# Isaiah 05 General Notes
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### Structure and formatting
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Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter.
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### Special concepts in this chapter
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#### Woe
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This chapter presents a series of woes, or judgments against those who are spoken against. Most of these judgements are due to the lack of justice in Judah. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/woe]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]])
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### Important figures of speech in this chapter
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#### Allegory
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This chapter begins as an allegory. An allegory is a story with a symbolic meaning. This allegory is meant to teach the Jews that they sinned against Yahweh and that there was nothing more he could have done for them. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/spirit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
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==Animals being present where people once lived==
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Verse 17 ("Then the sheep will feed as in their own pasture, and in the ruins of the rich people, lambs will graze") is an example of the Old Testament's prophets' habit of describing complete ruin and desolation in terms of a picture of animals—usually wild animals, but here sheep and lambs—living in or feeding in those places. Whether the picture is of flocks or wild animals, the purpose is to say that the human habitation has gone back to wild nature, and that this has happened because of God's punishment on the people.
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## Links:
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* __[Isaiah 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__
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__[<<](../04/intro.md) | [>>](../06/intro.md)__
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# Isaiah 06 General Notes
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### Structure and formatting
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Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 6:3-4,7, 9-13.
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### Special concepts in this chapter
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#### Heaven
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This vision described in this chapter is probably a scene in heaven. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]])
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#### Isaiah's call
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This chapter record Isaiah's call to prophetic ministry. It recognizes the holiness of God and Isaiah recognizes his need for holiness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/call]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])
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### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter
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#### Inevitability
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The way Yahweh speaks in this chapter shows the inevitability of the punishment of Yahweh against the people of Judah. The punishment must now come. It is too late for repentance. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]])
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## Links:
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* __[Isaiah 06:01 Notes](./01.md)__
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__[<<](../05/intro.md) | [>>](../07/intro.md)__
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# Isaiah 07 General Notes
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### Structure and formatting
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Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 7:7-9, 18-25.
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### Special concepts in this chapter
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#### "Young woman"
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Some translations choose to translate this as "virgin" and believe it is a reference to the Messiah being born of a virgin woman. This is only one possible translation, therefore most translations have avoided forcing this specific connotation into the meaning of the term. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]])
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### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter
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#### Israel
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In this chapter, Israel is a reference to the northern kingdom of Israel and not the nation as a whole. They are also called Ephraim in this chapter after its most prominent tribe.
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## Links:
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* __[Isaiah 07:01 Notes](./01.md)__
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__[<<](../06/intro.md) | [>>](../08/intro.md)__
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# Isaiah 08 General Notes
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### Structure and formatting
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Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 8:6-18, 21-22.
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### Special concepts in this chapter
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#### Trust in Yahweh
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Israel will not trust in Yahweh. Instead, they will trust in their own power, their Gentile allies and the power of false gods. They will be punished because the power of Yahweh is greater than all of these. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]])
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## Links:
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* __[Isaiah 08:01 Notes](./01.md)__
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__[<<](../07/intro.md) | [>>](../09/intro.md)__
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# Isaiah 09 General Notes
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### Structure and formatting
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This chapter begins with a prophecy that is a continuation of the prophecy concluding the previous chapter. Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 9:1-21. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
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### Special concepts in this chapter
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#### Messiah
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The prophecy in 9:1-7 is about the coming Messiah. Parts of this prophecy were fulfilled when he first came to earth. Other parts are to be fulfilled when he will return in glory to earth. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]])
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### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter
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#### Fulfillment of prophecies
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Some of the prophecies in this chapter were fulfilled in Isaiah's lifetime while others are fulfilled in the distant future. Some scholars believe that there can be multiple fulfillments of each of these prophecies, while others see only one complete fulfillment.
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## Links:
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* __[Isaiah 09:01 Notes](./01.md)__
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__[<<](../08/intro.md) | [>>](../10/intro.md)__
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# Isaiah 10 General Notes
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### Structure and formatting
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This chapter begins with a prophecy that is a continuation of the prophecy beginning in 8:21. Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. ULB does this with the poetry in 10:1-11, 13-14, 15-19, 27-34.
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(See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
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### Special concepts in this chapter
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#### Yahweh's sovereignty
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Yahweh has so much power and authority that he controls all of the nations. He even controls the nations who do not worship him. He uses Assyria to punish the kingdom of Israel.
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### Important figures of speech in this chapter
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#### Rhetorical Questions
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There are many rhetorical questions in this chapter. Yahweh uses rhetorical questions to make statements about Israel's sin. The Assyrians use rhetorical questions in order to boast in their pride. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
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## Links:
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* __[Isaiah 10:01 Notes](./01.md)__
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__[<<](../09/intro.md) | [>>](../11/intro.md)__
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# Isaiah 11 General Notes
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### Structure and formatting
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Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter.
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### Special concepts in this chapter
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#### Messiah
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The prophecies of this chapter focus on the coming Messiah. Some of these prophecies concern the first coming of Jesus, while some reference a future day of restoration. The author transitions between these time periods without telling his reader. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]])
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### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter
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#### Ambiguity
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It is uncertain what period of time these prophecies refer to or who will fulfill them. The translator should allow this uncertainty and ambiguity to remain. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]])
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## Links:
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* __[Isaiah 11:01 Notes](./01.md)__
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__[<<](../10/intro.md) | [>>](../12/intro.md)__
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# Isaiah 12 General Notes
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### Special concepts in this chapter
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#### "That day"
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The time of this day is unclear. It may be a time in the near future for Isaiah, or a time in the distant future for him. In the latter case, it would reference the last days. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lastday]])
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### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter
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#### Tense
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Extra care must be taken in translating the tense of this chapter. The author talks about the future, but frequently changes to speak in the present tense. Some languages will have difficulty speaking in this way.
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## Links:
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* __[Isaiah 12:01 Notes](./01.md)__
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__[<<](../11/intro.md) | [>>](../13/intro.md)__
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# Isaiah 13 General Notes
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### Structure and formatting
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Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter.
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### Special concepts in this chapter
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#### Prophecies
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It is unclear who is addressed by these prophecies. At times, it appears to be the people of Judah, while at other times it seems to reference the last days. This ambiguity should remain in translation. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lastday]])
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## Links:
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* __[Isaiah 13:01 Notes](./01.md)__
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__[<<](../12/intro.md) | [>>](../14/intro.md)__
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# Isaiah 14 General Notes
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### Structure and formatting
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Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 14:4-27, 29-32.
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### Special concepts in this chapter
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#### Satan
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It is believed that this chapter references Satan. It describes Satan as a star fallen from heaven. There are five important statements beginning with the words "I will" which appear to show the essence of Satan's sin. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/satan]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]])
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#### Babylon
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This is the name of the kingdom that conquered Judah, but it is also the name representing Satan's kingdom in prophecies. They were not yet a world power when these words were spoken. It should be translated as "Babylon," but translators should be aware of its dual meaning.
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### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter
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#### Israel
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The use of Israel in this chapter is in reference to the nation or people group of Israel. It is this Israel who will be restored and not the kingdom of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]])
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## Links:
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* __[Isaiah 14:01 Notes](./01.md)__
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__[<<](../13/intro.md) | [>>](../15/intro.md)__
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# Isaiah 15 General Notes
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### Structure and formatting
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Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter.
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This chapter shifts from discussing Judah to the nation of Moab. Moab is punished by Yahweh, even though he is not a god they worship. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/god]])
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## Links:
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* __[Isaiah 15:01 Notes](./01.md)__
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__[<<](../14/intro.md) | [>>](../16/intro.md)__
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# Isaiah 16 General Notes
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### Structure and formatting
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This chapter is a continuation of the previous chapter and is a prophecy against the nation of Moab. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
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Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 16:1-12.
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## Links:
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* __[Isaiah 16:01 Notes](./01.md)__
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__[<<](../15/intro.md) | [>>](../17/intro.md)__
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# Isaiah 17 General Notes
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### Structure and formatting
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Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter.
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The ULB sets the lines in 17:1-6, 9-14 farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because they are part of a long quotation.
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### Special concepts in this chapter
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#### Damascus
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This chapter prophesies destruction against the people of Damascus. Damascus was the capital of Aram. The people of Damascus worship gods other than Yahweh and have fought Yahweh's people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]])
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### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter
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#### Ephraim
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This chapter prophesied destruction against the kingdom of Israel. They are also called Ephraim in this chapter. Both the northern kingdom of Israel and Aram were conquered at about the same time in history.
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## Links:
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* __[Isaiah 17:01 Notes](./01.md)__
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__[<<](../16/intro.md) | [>>](../18/intro.md)__
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# Isaiah 18 General Notes
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### Structure and formatting
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Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter.
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### Special concepts in this chapter
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#### Cush
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This chapter records prophecies against the nation of Cush. They are being punished by Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
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### Important figures of speech in this chapter
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#### Metaphors
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This chapter uses many metaphors to describe the destruction coming to the people of Cush. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
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## Links:
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* __[Isaiah 18:01 Notes](./01.md)__
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__[<<](../17/intro.md) | [>>](../19/intro.md)__
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# Isaiah 19 General Notes
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### Structure and formatting
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Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 19:1-18.
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### Special concepts in this chapter
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#### Egypt
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|
||||
This chapter prophesied destruction against the nation of Egypt. Their destruction will come from internal division instead of being conquered by another nation. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
|
||||
|
||||
### Important figures of speech in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Imagery
|
||||
|
||||
Some of the imagery used in this chapter may be connected to the worship of specific false gods. One important god the people of Canaan worshiped was Baal, the god of rain or storms. One of the important gods the Egyptians worshiped was Ra, the god of the sun. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]])
|
||||
|
||||
### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### "In that day"
|
||||
This changes the reference from the time when Assyria comes to dominate the world and looks to a more distant future day.
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 19:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../18/intro.md) | [>>](../20/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 20 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Important figures of speech in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Naked and barefoot
|
||||
This is an image used in this chapter to describe Assyria's victory over Egypt and Ethiopia. While they will be defeated, they will not be totally destroyed. Instead, they will be left with nothing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 20:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../19/intro.md) | [>>](../21/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 21 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 21:1-10, 13-17.
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Cush
|
||||
Dumah and Seir are places in Edom. Part of this chapter is a prophecy against Cush. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
|
||||
|
||||
### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### The desert by the sea
|
||||
This is a metaphor for an unknown nation. Scholars are divided over the proper identity of this nation, but it is probably Babylon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
|
||||
#### Mystery
|
||||
The fulfillment of this chapter is very mysterious. It is unknown who is truly being addressed and how this is to be fulfilled in history. The translator should not attempt to give the reader insight into this prophecy's fulfillment. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 21:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../20/intro.md) | [>>](../22/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 22 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter.
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Repentance
|
||||
On this day of judgment, Judah should be repenting of their sin. Instead, they are celebrating it. Although Judah avoids Yahweh's punishment through the Assyrians, their punishment will still come. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
|
||||
|
||||
### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### "Valley of Visions"
|
||||
This is a metaphor used in this prophecy against the nation of Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 22:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../21/intro.md) | [>>](../23/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 23 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter.
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Phoenicia
|
||||
This chapter prophesies destruction against several cities in Phoenicia as well as in Tarshish. The exact location of Tarshish is unknown. Because of the locations mentioned in this chapter, it appears that the Assyrians will conquer many of the nations on the Mediterranean Sea. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 23:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../22/intro.md) | [>>](../24/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,24 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 24 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter.
|
||||
|
||||
While it appears that this chapter is a continuation of the prophecy from the previous chapter, it actually looks at the whole of the Assyrian conquest as Yahweh's punishment on the world. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Covenant
|
||||
The mention of an "everlasting covenant" in this chapter is probably not to a specific covenant with Abraham or Moses. Instead, it is an expectation that mankind would obey Yahweh. Some consider this to be a covenant Yahweh made with Adam. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/eternity]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])
|
||||
|
||||
### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Reign of Yahweh
|
||||
This chapter appears to prophesy about a time of restoration when the Messiah will reign. This chapter pictures a time of great peace and harmony in the world. The translator should not add explanation, but should try to maintain the tense of the original text, as a future or uncompleted action. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 24:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../23/intro.md) | [>>](../25/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 25 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter.
|
||||
|
||||
This chapter shifts from being a prophecy against the nations to the personal praises of Isaiah. He praises Yahweh for the deliverance of his people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]])
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Reign of the Messiah
|
||||
This chapter appears to prophesy about a time of restoration when the Messiah will reign. This chapter pictures a time of great peace and harmony in the world. The translator should not add explanation, but should try to maintain the tense of the original text, as a future or uncompleted action. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 25:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../24/intro.md) | [>>](../26/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 26 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter.
|
||||
|
||||
### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### "That day"
|
||||
This is a common phrase in this section of Isaiah. This chapter appears to prophesy about a time of restoration when the Messiah will reign. This chapter pictures a time of great peace and harmony in the world. The translator should not add explanation, but should try to maintain the tense of the original text, as a future or uncompleted action. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 26:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../25/intro.md) | [>>](../27/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 27 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter.
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Leviathan
|
||||
This was an ancient type of dragon or serpent. It is possible that this is a reference to Satan, who is also described as a serpent and a dragon. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/satan]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
|
||||
### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### "That day"
|
||||
This is a common phrase in this section of Isaiah. This chapter appears to prophesy about a time of restoration when the Messiah will reign. This chapter pictures a time of great peace and harmony in the world. The translator should not add explanation, but should try to maintain the tense of the original text, as a future or uncompleted action. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 27:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../26/intro.md) | [>>](../28/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 28 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter.
|
||||
|
||||
### Important figures of speech in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Metaphors
|
||||
There are many metaphors used to describe Yahweh's punishment as well as the sin of the people of Ephraim. In one such metaphor, they are described as being drunk. Construction and weather metaphors are also used in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
|
||||
|
||||
### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### "That day"
|
||||
This is a common phrase in this section of Isaiah. This chapter appears to prophesy about a time of restoration when the Messiah will reign. This chapter pictures a time of great peace and harmony in the world. The translator does not need to add an explanation, but should try to maintain the tense of the original text, as a future or uncompleted action. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 28:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../27/intro.md) | [>>](../29/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,24 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 29 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter.
|
||||
|
||||
This chapter begins a series of "woes" against specific nations. It presents judgments against the kingdoms of Ephraim and eventually Judah. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/woe]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]])
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Ariel
|
||||
This is another name for Jerusalem. It is an uncommon name.
|
||||
|
||||
### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Prophecies
|
||||
This chapter appears to prophesy about a time of restoration when the Messiah will reign. It pictures a time of great peace and harmony in the world. The translator does not need to add an explanation, but should try to maintain the tense of the original text, as a future or uncompleted action. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 29:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../28/intro.md) | [>>](../30/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 30 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter.
|
||||
|
||||
This chapter continues the series of "woes" against specific nations. It presents judgments against the people of Ephraim and Judah when they desired to make an alliance with Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/woe]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]])
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Negev
|
||||
This is an area between Egypt and Judah. The people would have had to travel though it in order to get to Egypt. No one really lived in this area and it was known to be very dangerous.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Trust
|
||||
The people were to trust in Yahweh. Only he could provide them with protection. The people were punished for their lack of trust when they were in trouble, but Yahweh only required that they trust him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]])
|
||||
|
||||
### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### "That day"
|
||||
This is a common phrase in this section of Isaiah. The chapter appears to prophesy about a time of restoration when the Messiah will reign. It pictures a time of great peace and harmony in the world. The translator does not need to add an explanation, but should try to maintain the tense of the original text, as a future or uncompleted action. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 30:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../29/intro.md) | [>>](../31/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 31 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter.
|
||||
|
||||
This chapter continues the series of "woes" against specific nations. It presents judgments against the people of Ephraim and Judah when they desired to make an alliance with Egypt. It also prophesies the destruction of Assyria. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/woe]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Trust
|
||||
The people were to trust in Yahweh. Only he could provide them with protection. They were punished for their lack of trust when they were in trouble, but Yahweh only required that they trust him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]])
|
||||
|
||||
### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### "That day"
|
||||
This is a common phrase in this section of Isaiah. This chapter appears to prophesy about a time of restoration when the Messiah will reign. It pictures a time of great peace and harmony in the world. The translator does not need to add an explanation, but should try to maintain the tense of the original text, as a future or uncompleted action. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]])
|
||||
|
||||
#### Israel
|
||||
The use of the term "Israel" in this chapter is in reference to the northern kingdom of Israel exclusively.
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 31:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../30/intro.md) | [>>](../32/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 32 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter.
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Reign of the Messiah
|
||||
This chapter appears to prophesy about a time of restoration when the Messiah will reign. It pictures a time of great peace and harmony in the world. The translator does not need to add an explanation, but should try to maintain the tense of the original text, as a future or uncompleted action. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 32:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../31/intro.md) | [>>](../33/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 33 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter.
|
||||
|
||||
This chapter continues the series of "woes." It speaks against ungodly or evil people in general. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/woe]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/godly]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 33:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../32/intro.md) | [>>](../34/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 34 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter.
|
||||
|
||||
### Important figures of speech in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Destruction
|
||||
There are many images used in this chapter which describe destruction. Here each of these metaphors describes complete destruction. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
|
||||
### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Prophecy
|
||||
|
||||
This chapter appears to prophesy about a time of restoration when the Messiah will reign. It pictures a time of great peace and harmony in the world. The translator does not need to add an explanation, but should try to maintain the tense of the original text, as a future or uncompleted action. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 34:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../33/intro.md) | [>>](../35/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 35 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter.
|
||||
|
||||
### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Reign of the Messiah
|
||||
This chapter appears to prophesy about a time of restoration when the Messiah will reign. It pictures a time of great peace and harmony in the world. The translator does not need to add an explanation, but should try to maintain the tense of the original text, as a future or uncompleted action. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 35:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../34/intro.md) | [>>](../36/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 36 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
The previous chapters have been constructed as prophecy and contain many poetic elements. This chapter switches to a narrative and is a discussion between the officials from Assyria and Judah. To make the meaning clear here, it may be helpful to set apart the extended quotations by setting them farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Trust
|
||||
|
||||
The people of Judah were to trust in Yahweh because only he could provide them with protection. The people of Jerusalem were protected because they trusted in Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]])
|
||||
|
||||
### Important figures of speech in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Rhetorical Questions
|
||||
The Assyrian commanders use rhetorical questions in this chapter to mock or insult Judah and their God, Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 36:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../35/intro.md) | [>>](../37/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 37 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 37:22-38.
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Tearing clothes and putting on sackcloth
|
||||
This was a sign of great distress. While it is often accompanies repentance, in this chapter it is intended to show the king's anger at the blasphemy of the Assyrians when they spoke against Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sign]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/blasphemy]])
|
||||
|
||||
#### Prayer
|
||||
Hezekiah was different from the other kings because when he was threatened by Assyria, he went to Yahweh in prayer. He did not trust in his army or make an alliance with Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 37:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../36/intro.md) | [>>](../38/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 38 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 38:10-20.
|
||||
|
||||
### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Poetry
|
||||
This chapter is written as a narrative, but the section including Hezekiah's prayer is written as poetry. The tone of this prayer shifts from sorrow to praise.
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 38:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../37/intro.md) | [>>](../39/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 39 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Pride
|
||||
Although it is not said why it was sinful for Hezekiah to show the king of Babylon his riches, the sin was probably because of his pride. It can be viewed as bragging to another king about how rich and powerful he was without giving proper credit to Yahweh. Because of this sin, Yahweh punished him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
|
||||
#### Babylon
|
||||
At this time, Babylon was not very powerful, but was little more than a city. In a short time, however, Babylon became a very powerful nation and conquered Assyria.
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 39:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../38/intro.md) | [>>](../40/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 40 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter.
|
||||
|
||||
### Important figures of speech in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Rhetorical Questions
|
||||
Yahweh uses many rhetorical questions in this chapter. These rhetorical questions help to prove the point he is making and convince the reader. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
|
||||
### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### "She has received double from Yahweh's hand for all her sins"
|
||||
It is common in many languages to use the feminine "she" to refer to a nation, rather than the word "it," which is neither masculine or feminine. The translator should use the pronoun that aligns with the common usage in the target language. Therefore, it is acceptable to use "he," "she," or "it" in reference to a nation.
|
||||
|
||||
The phrase "received double" indicates that Jerusalem was punished more severely than the other nations. This is because they had the privilege of a special relationship to Yahweh and had more knowledge than the other nations.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Reign of Yahweh
|
||||
This chapter appears to prophesy about a time of restoration when the Messiah will reign. It pictures a time of great peace and harmony in the world. The translator does not need to add an explanation, but should try to maintain the tense of the original text, as a future or uncompleted action. It does not appear that this prophecy was fulfilled in the days of Isaiah. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 40:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../39/intro.md) | [>>](../41/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 41 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter.
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Mocking
|
||||
Yahweh tells the people to present their best arguments in favor of honoring their idols. In this Yahweh challenges the people. Yahweh mocks or insults these false gods because they are not real and have no power. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 41:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../40/intro.md) | [>>](../42/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 42 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter.
|
||||
|
||||
Many scholars believe that there are four songs or poems which Isaiah records about the Messiah. Isaiah 42:1-4 is the first of these songs. They are often called the "servant songs" because they focus on the Messiah being a servant. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]])
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Servant
|
||||
Israel is called Yahweh's servant. The Messiah is also called the servant of Yahweh. It is likely that the two different usages of the word "servant" are intended to contrast with one another.
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 42:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../41/intro.md) | [>>](../43/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 43 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter.
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Exodus
|
||||
This chapter pictures Judah's eventual return from exile in Babylon as a kind of second exodus. It was reminiscent of their exodus from Egypt.
|
||||
|
||||
### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Exile
|
||||
This chapter prophesies about the Jews return from Babylon, but the exile has yet to happen and is still more than a hundred years in the future. These events will show that Yahweh alone is God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 43:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../42/intro.md) | [>>](../44/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 44 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter.
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Yahweh's power
|
||||
There is a prophecy in this chapter that gives the name of the king who will end the exile of the Jews from Babylon and rebuild the temple, even though the exile has not yet even occurred. This emphasizes that Yahweh knows the future, so the translator should translate the name of Cyrus given here. There are many other aspects of this chapter that show Yahweh's power as well. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 44:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../43/intro.md) | [>>](../45/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 45 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter.
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Potter and clay
|
||||
The potter and the clay are important images used in Scripture. They emphasize the power and control of God. This chapter connects this to the truth that Yahweh is the creator of all, which it repeatedly emphasizes. He is even able to "anoint" or chose a future, pagan king. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/anoint]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 45:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../44/intro.md) | [>>](../46/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 46 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Yahweh and the false gods
|
||||
This chapter is intended to compare Yahweh with various false Gods whom the Israelites worship. There really is no comparison at all because Yahweh alone is God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 46:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../45/intro.md) | [>>](../47/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 47 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter.
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Babylon
|
||||
This chapter prophesied the destruction of Babylon. At the time that the prophesy was written, Assyria was still in power and Babylon had not yet become a world power. The Chaldeans were not yet a powerful nation either. The people of Judah would become servants or slaves of Babylon and be forced to work very hard. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 47:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../46/intro.md) | [>>](../48/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 48 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Yahweh and the false gods
|
||||
|
||||
This chapter is set up to compare Yahweh with various false Gods whom the Israelites worship. There really is no comparison between the two because Yahweh alone is God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]])
|
||||
|
||||
### Important figures of speech in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Exile
|
||||
Yahweh explains purpose behind the Jews exile in Babylon, even though it is still in the future. This emphasizes that that Yahweh is much more powerful than the false gods.
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 48:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../47/intro.md) | [>>](../49/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 49 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter.
|
||||
|
||||
Many scholars believe that there are four songs or poems which Isaiah records about the Messiah. Isaiah 49:1-6 is the second of these songs. They are often called the "servant songs" because they focus on the Messiah being a servant. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]])
|
||||
|
||||
### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### A day of salvation
|
||||
It is unclear if this is a reference to the gospel proclaimed by the Messiah or to the day of restoration of all things. The translator should not try to explain its reference to the reader. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/goodnews]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 49:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../48/intro.md) | [>>](../50/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 50 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter.
|
||||
|
||||
Many scholars believe that there are four songs or poems which Isaiah records about the Messiah. Isaiah 50:4-9 is the third of these songs. They are often called the "servant songs" because they focus on the Messiah being a servant. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]])
|
||||
|
||||
### Important figures of speech in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Rhetorical Questions
|
||||
There are many rhetorical questions in this chapter. These questions prove Yahweh's point and are intended to convince the readers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 50:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../49/intro.md) | [>>](../51/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 51 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter.
|
||||
|
||||
### Important figures of speech in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Rhetorical Questions
|
||||
There are many rhetorical questions in this chapter. These questions prove Yahweh's point and are intended to convince the readers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
|
||||
#### Awake
|
||||
In this chapter the author uses sleeping as a metaphor for sin. The people are told to "awake," meaning they are to repent and return to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 51:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../50/intro.md) | [>>](../52/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 52 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter.
|
||||
|
||||
The prophecies of this chapter occur after the exile in Babylon and are not in reference to the people contemporary to Isaiah. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
|
||||
|
||||
There is an important teaching or prophecy about the Messiah beginning in this chapter and continues through the next chapter. This prophesy begins in 52:13 and scholars usually note that it portrays the Messiah as a "suffering servant." (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 52:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../51/intro.md) | [>>](../53/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 53 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter.
|
||||
|
||||
In this chapter there is an important teaching or prophecy about the Messiah and his life and ministry. It begins in 52:13 and scholars usually note that it portrays the Messiah as a "suffering servant." (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]])
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Atonement
|
||||
This chapter prophesies about the death of Christ for sin. Most scholars believe it teaches that Christ was a righteous man who died for the sins of mankind. This is usually referred to as the atonement. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/atonement]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 53:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../52/intro.md) | [>>](../54/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 54 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter.
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Yahweh's covenant faithfulness
|
||||
This chapter focuses on Yahweh's faithfulness to fulfill his covenants. It references several different covenant promises in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenantfaith]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 54:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../53/intro.md) | [>>](../55/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 55 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter.
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Gentiles
|
||||
Many scholars believe this chapter prophesies that Gentiles will be able to come to a saving faith in Yahweh. At this time, the Israelites believed that only an Israelite could be saved. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 55:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../54/intro.md) | [>>](../56/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 56 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter.
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Gentiles
|
||||
Many scholars believe this chapter prophesies that Gentiles will be able to come to a saving faith in Yahweh. At this time, the Israelites believed that only an Israelite could be saved. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]])
|
||||
|
||||
### Important figures of speech in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Beasts
|
||||
The Israelites are compared to beasts and dogs in this chapter. This would have been very offensive to them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 56:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../55/intro.md) | [>>](../57/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 57 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter.
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Child sacrifice
|
||||
This chapter references the killing of children. Some religions in the ancient Near East practiced the sacrificing of their children. This was considered evil by Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]])
|
||||
|
||||
### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Mocking
|
||||
The people abandoned the worship of Yahweh in favor of other gods. When they needed help, he tells them to ask these false gods. This is mocking the power of the false gods and shows the people the uselessness of their worship of these gods. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 57:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../56/intro.md) | [>>](../58/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 58 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter.
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Fasting
|
||||
The practice of fasting became more common after the exile. This was intended to bring people into a right relationship with God by creating a designated time to concentrate on him. It may have been believed that Yahweh heard people better when they fasted. The significance of fasting is derived from the faster's attitude of repentance and faith in Yahweh and not the practice itself. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]])
|
||||
|
||||
### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### "Yet they seek me daily"
|
||||
The people did not truly seek Yahweh every day. They practiced the outward aspects of the Jewish religion, but their hearts were far from Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 58:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../57/intro.md) | [>>](../59/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 59 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter.
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Yahweh's deliverance
|
||||
When Israel was conquered, they were being punished for their sin. Yahweh is strong enough to deliver them, but he did not because he desired to refine them through the experience of the exile. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 59:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../58/intro.md) | [>>](../60/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 60 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter.
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Israel's restoration
|
||||
This chapter pictures a time when Israel will be fully restored to Yahweh. They will be everything Yahweh intended them to be. All the nations will look to Israel and acknowledge her special relationship to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 60:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../59/intro.md) | [>>](../61/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 61 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter.
|
||||
|
||||
The first part of this chapter is probably a prophecy about the coming Messiah and not Isaiah because this was different than the message Isaiah delivered. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]])
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Restoration
|
||||
This chapter prophesies concerning a future time of peace and restoration. It is unlikely to have been fulfilled in Isaiah's day. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 61:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../60/intro.md) | [>>](../62/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 62 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter.
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Restoration
|
||||
This chapter prophesies concerning a future time of peace and restoration. It is unlikely to have been fulfilled in Isaiah's day. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 62:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../61/intro.md) | [>>](../63/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 63 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter.
|
||||
|
||||
### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Imagery
|
||||
The imagery of judgment in this chapter is intended to be rather vivid. The translator should avoid euphemisms, if possible. Overall, this chapter prophesies a day of great judgment and God's wrath. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wrath]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 63:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../62/intro.md) | [>>](../64/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 64 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter.
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Repentance
|
||||
This chapter records the repentance of the righteous remnant of Judah. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/remnant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 64:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../63/intro.md) | [>>](../65/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 65 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in this chapter.
|
||||
|
||||
This chapter is Yahweh's response to the repentance of the people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]])
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Judgment and hope
|
||||
This chapter records that Yahweh's judgment on the people must come. Despite this, there is hope that in the end, Yahweh will make all things new and restore them to himself. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/hope]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 65:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../64/intro.md) | [>>](../66/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Isaiah 66 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 66:1-17, 21-24.
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### In the end
|
||||
In the end, Yahweh will enact his perfect justice. This is the true hope of this world. The new heaven and the new earth are an important part of this. In the end, this will be the perfect creation of Yahweh and will last forever. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/hope]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/eternity]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Isaiah 66:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../65/intro.md) | __
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,58 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Introduction to Isaiah
|
||||
|
||||
## Part 1: General Introduction
|
||||
|
||||
### Outline of the Book of Isaiah
|
||||
|
||||
1. Yahweh judges his people but gives them hope (chapters 1–12)
|
||||
1. Isaiah prophesies against many nations (13–23)
|
||||
1. Universal judgment and promise of redemption (24–27)
|
||||
1. The people of Yahweh judged (28–31)
|
||||
1. The righteous kingdom (32–33)
|
||||
1. The nations judged; the ransomed will be restored (34–35)
|
||||
1. Hezekiah and Sennacherib (36–39)
|
||||
1. Yahweh comforts his people and will restore them (40–45)
|
||||
1. Prophecies against Babylon (46–48)
|
||||
1. The servant of Yahweh (49–55)
|
||||
1. Ethics of Yahweh's kingdom (56–59)
|
||||
1. Restored Jerusalem (60–66)
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### What is the Book of Isaiah about?
|
||||
|
||||
The first part of the Book of Isaiah (chapters 1-39) contains many different prophecies. Some of Isaiah's prophecies are about how God would send an army to destroy the southern kingdom of Judah. Some of the prophecies are about how God would punish other nations of the world. The end of the first part (chapters 36-39) tells how Isaiah helped King Hezekiah when the Assyrians were about to attack Jerusalem.
|
||||
|
||||
The second part of the Book of Isaiah (chapters 40-66) has prophecies about how God will comfort and restore his people. He will do this through his chosen servant. By the suffering of this servant, God will forgive his people (chapter 53). This servant will also cause Gentiles to worship Yahweh. The Book of Isaiah ends with a prophecy about God creating a new heavens and earth.
|
||||
|
||||
### How should the title of this book be translated?
|
||||
|
||||
Translators can use the traditional title, "The Book of Isaiah" or just "Isaiah." Or they may call it "The Book about Isaiah" or "The Sayings of Isaiah." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])
|
||||
|
||||
### When was the Book of Isaiah written?
|
||||
|
||||
Isaiah prophesied around 740–700 B.C., when the Assyrian Empire was becoming more powerful. Isaiah spoke the prophecies from God to the people of Judah during the reigns of Kings Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah. The story of Isaiah helping King Hezekiah (chapters 36-39) is also found in 2 Kings 19–20.
|
||||
|
||||
## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts
|
||||
|
||||
### What did Isaiah prophesy about the future Messiah of Israel?
|
||||
|
||||
Jews and Christians have interpreted many passages in Isaiah to be about the Messiah. In 9:1-7, Isaiah described a child being born who would rule over David's kingdom. In chapter 11, Isaiah described a descendant of David who would have God's spirit upon him. Several prophecies in chapters 40-66 are about "the servant." This servant will comfort the people, rule righteously, and suffer so that God will forgive the people for sinning against him. The New Testament writers interpret these prophecies to be about Jesus Christ.
|
||||
|
||||
### What did Isaiah mean by the "last days"?
|
||||
|
||||
Isaiah prophesied of the "last days" (2:2) as some later or final period of time. The New Testament writers understood the "last days" to be the church age (Acts 2:17, Hebrews 1:2). The Book of Isaiah was one of the first books to include prophesies about the last days. Isaiah explained that in the last days there would be a future kingdom of Israel. Jerusalem would be its main city. And people from all over the world will go there to learn about Yahweh and worship him.
|
||||
|
||||
## Part 3: Important Translation Issues
|
||||
|
||||
### What is the meaning of the term "Israel"?
|
||||
|
||||
The name "Israel" is used in many different ways in the Bible. Jacob was the son of Isaac. God changed Jacob's name to Israel. The descendants of Jacob became a nation also called Israel. Eventually, the nation of Israel split into two kingdoms. The northern kingdom was named Israel. The southern kingdom was named Judah. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/israel]])
|
||||
|
||||
### What are some characteristics of prophetic literature in the Book of Isaiah?
|
||||
|
||||
Most of Isaiah's prophecies are in poetic form. Many prophets in Israel used poetry when they spoke important messages that were meant to be remembered.
|
||||
|
||||
Sometimes Isaiah's messages are hard to understand. He assumed his original hearers would know what he was talking about. But readers today do not always understand what he meant. However, Isaiah's basic messages are still clear to us today. These messages are about how God's people sinned against him, how he would punish them, and how he would eventually comfort and restore them.
|
||||
|
||||
Isaiah also speaks about the Servant of Yahweh, in four different poems that are today called the "Four Servant Songs." Christians understand these very clearly as prophecies about Jesus Christ, the Messiah. These "songs" are in Isaiah 42:1-9; 49:1-7; 50:4-9; and 52:13-53:12. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/mercy]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]])
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
|
|||
# Jeremiah 01 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 1:4-10.
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Jeremiah appointed as prophet
|
||||
|
||||
God chose Jeremiah to be his prophet and although many powerful people would be against him, God promised to protect him. This chapter emphasizes that Jeremiah was chosen by God to be his prophet. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/appoint]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/elect]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]])
|
||||
|
||||
#### Northern kingdom
|
||||
This was not a reference to the northern kingdom of Israel; it had already been conquered. It was a reference to a kingdom located north of Judah, that is, to Babylon. The Babylonian armies would attack Judah and conquer it.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Opposition
|
||||
The people were supposed to listen to God's prophet. When he prophesied, they should have repented. Instead, they persecuted Jeremiah. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Jeremiah 01:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
* __[Jeremiah intro](../front/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__| [>>](../02/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
|
|||
# Jeremiah 02 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 2:1-31.
|
||||
|
||||
The prophecy revealed to Jeremiah is recorded in 2:1-3:5. Despite covering more than one chapter, this should be seen as one unit. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/reveal]])
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### The people refuse to learn
|
||||
|
||||
The people worshiped other gods, particularly the fertility gods of Baal and Ashtoreth. Even when the nation was punished, the people did not learn. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]])
|
||||
|
||||
### Important figures of speech in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Metaphor
|
||||
|
||||
Israel is compared to a female camel or a wild donkey for being unstable and lustful. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Jeremiah 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
|
|||
# Jeremiah 03 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 3:1-5, 12-17, 19-25.
|
||||
|
||||
The prophecy revealed to Jeremiah is recorded in 2:1-3:5. Despite covering more than one chapter, this should be seen as one unit. The same is true for 3:19-4:3. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/reveal]])
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Judah told to repent
|
||||
|
||||
If Judah repents, God will bring the people back from the captivity into which he is going to send them. In this book, "Israel" serves as another name Judah because the northern kingdom of Israel no longer exists. The people group formed by these ten tribes had been scattered among the other nations by the Assyrians, who had conquered them. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]])
|
||||
|
||||
#### Adultery
|
||||
Judah's faithlessness to God is often pictured as adultery. This is a common image in Scripture. When Judah does not worship God, their nation is spoken of as if it were a woman unfaithful to her husband. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/adultery]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Jeremiah 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
|
|||
# Jeremiah 04 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 4:1-9.
|
||||
|
||||
The prophecy revealed to Jeremiah is recorded in 3:19-4:3. Despite covering more than one chapter, this should be seen as one unit. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/reveal]])
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Yahweh's punishment
|
||||
This chapter prophecies Yahweh's punishment on Judah. This should bring Judah to repentance, but it does not. It is also intended to make the nations fear the power of Yahweh and make them desire to worship him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fear]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Jeremiah 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
|
|||
# Jeremiah 05 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 5:1-31.
|
||||
|
||||
### Important figures of speech in this chapter
|
||||
#### Hyperbole
|
||||
It is possible that Yahweh is using the word "a" (meaning "even one") as hyperbole when he states, "If you can find a man or anyone who is acting justly and trying to act faithfully, then I will forgive Jerusalem." The purpose of this is to show how evil Jerusalem had become. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/forgive]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]])
|
||||
|
||||
#### Rhetorical questions
|
||||
Yahweh asks several rhetorical questions in this chapter. This is intended to show Jeremiah the justness of his actions. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Jeremiah 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../04/intro.md) | [>>](../06/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
|
|||
# Jeremiah 06 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 6:1-30.
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Gods and battle
|
||||
In the ancient Near East, it was commonly believed that a nation's gods were responsible for military victory. It may have been believed that a god would not defend an evil city. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Jeremiah 06:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../05/intro.md) | [>>](../07/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
|
|||
# Jeremiah 07 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations prefer to set apart quotations. The ULB and many other English translations set the lines of 7:29-34, which is an extended quotation, farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text.
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Justice in society
|
||||
Jeremiah commanded the people of Jerusalem to live justly. Without justice, they did not truly have faith in Yahweh. Without this faith in Yahweh, the temple and its rituals were useless. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])
|
||||
|
||||
### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### "Do not pray for this people"
|
||||
Yahweh wanted the people to repent. This statement, and the others that follow, may be taken in another way. They are intended to show that it is too late for the people, and their punishment will come regardless of their response. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Jeremiah 07:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../06/intro.md) | [>>](../08/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
|
|||
# Jeremiah 08 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 8:5-22.
|
||||
|
||||
The prophecy revealed to Jeremiah is recorded in 8:5-9:12. Despite covering more than one chapter, this should be seen as one unit. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/reveal]])
|
||||
|
||||
### Important figures of speech in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Hyperbole
|
||||
The author frequently uses hyperbole in this chapter to describe the complete destruction of Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Jeremiah 08:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../07/intro.md) | [>>](../09/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
|
|||
# Jeremiah 09 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 9:1-12, 17-24.
|
||||
|
||||
The prophecy revealed to Jeremiah is recorded in 8:5-9:12. Despite covering more than one chapter, this should be seen as one unit. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/reveal]])
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Funeral
|
||||
This chapter pictures Jerusalem as having a funeral with its typical songs. This is an image used to describe their destruction. It is a time of great sadness.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Circumcision
|
||||
Circumcision is used here in an unusual way. Since circumcision was intended to be a display of faith, the author uses the term to differentiate between those who have faith in Yahweh and those who don't. This is a type of metaphor. Those who have a circumcised heart have faith in Yahweh while those with an uncircumcised heart do not have faith in Yahweh, regardless of whether they are physically circumcised. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/circumcise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Jeremiah 09:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../08/intro.md) | [>>](../10/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
|
|||
# Jeremiah 10 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
The ULB sets the lines in 10:1-25 farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because they are a long quotation.
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Yahweh's power
|
||||
This chapter contrasts the great power of Yahweh with the powerlessness of any other false god. It is intended to question why the Jews would worship any other god. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Jeremiah 10:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../09/intro.md) | [>>](../11/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
|
|||
# Jeremiah 11 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 11:15-17, 20.
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### The covenant
|
||||
|
||||
The covenant Yahweh made with Moses is prominent in this chapter. Because the people disobeyed this covenant, God will not help them. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Jeremiah 11:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../10/intro.md) | [>>](../12/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
|
|||
# Jeremiah 12 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 12:1-13.
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Jeremiah complains that evil men prosper
|
||||
|
||||
Jeremiah complains that evil men prosper. He questions Yahweh's justice. Yahweh's response: if Jeremiah is upset by the people of Anathoth, how will he face enemies in Jerusalem? (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]])
|
||||
|
||||
#### Yahweh's grace to the other nations
|
||||
|
||||
Yahweh gives a gracious offer to the Gentile nations. If the other nations who have been against Judah leave their idols and worship God, then God will allow them to return to their lands. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/grace]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Jeremiah 12:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../11/intro.md) | [>>](../13/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
|
|||
# Jeremiah 13 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 13:15-27.
|
||||
|
||||
===Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter ===
|
||||
|
||||
#### Symbolism
|
||||
|
||||
The action of hiding the undergarment was intended to be a symbolic event. It was supposed to get the Jews' attention and be a lesson for them to learn. Jeremiah performed the action, but it was not the action itself that was important. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Jeremiah 13:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../12/intro.md) | [>>](../14/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
|
|||
# Jeremiah 14 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 14:1-10, 17-22.
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### False prophets
|
||||
|
||||
The false prophets promised there would not be any war or drought. They gave people a false sense of hope, when they needed to repent. Because of this, Yahweh sent a drought and said that the false prophets would die of drought and war. This showed that these were not true prophets of Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/hope]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Jeremiah 14:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../13/intro.md) | [>>](../15/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
|
|||
# Jeremiah 15 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 15:2, 5-21.
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Do not pray for the people
|
||||
|
||||
God told Jeremiah not to pray for the people because God was punishing them. This was meant to be an illustration for Jeremiah. Jeremiah was not to pray because the punishment was already determined. Yahweh also explains that even the great Moses could not help the sinful Jews. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
|
||||
|
||||
#### Yahweh uses Gentile nations
|
||||
Yahweh is going to use the Gentile nations to punish Judah. This would have been very offensive to the Jews. They would have also been surprised to learn that Yahweh was using the Gentile nations to punish his people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Jeremiah 15:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../14/intro.md) | [>>](../16/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
|
|||
# Jeremiah 16 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 16:19-21. This poem also continues in chapter 17, and these should be seen as one section.
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Coming punishment
|
||||
|
||||
The punishment that is prophesied in this chapter will happen quickly. The author gives many illustrations which describe how quickly this punishment will come. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
|
||||
|
||||
#### Israel restored
|
||||
|
||||
God will bring his people back from captivity. Even though the punishment of Judah will be great, Yahweh promised a future restoration. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Jeremiah 16:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../15/intro.md) | [>>](../17/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
|
|||
# Jeremiah 17 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 17:1-18. This poem is a continuation of 16:19-21, and these should be seen as one section.
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Trusting God or humans
|
||||
|
||||
Trust is an important part of this chapter. Those who trust in human wisdom will not prosper. Those who trust in God will have all of their needs met. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]])
|
||||
|
||||
### Important figures of speech in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Simile
|
||||
|
||||
The person who depends on the power of other people is compared to a bush in the desert which always has to struggle for life. But the person who trusts in God is like a tree growing by a stream and has all his needs supplied. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Jeremiah 17:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../16/intro.md) | [>>](../18/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
|
|||
# Jeremiah 18 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 18:13-17, 19-23.
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
#### Attacking Jeremiah
|
||||
Things were so bad in Judah, they even attacked Jeremiah. To attack Yahweh's prophet was to attack Yahweh himself. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
|
||||
|
||||
### Important figures of speech in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Simile
|
||||
|
||||
Like a potter can change what he is making from one type of pot to another, God can change his plans and not punish people if they repent. The image of God as a potter and mankind as clay is an important one in Scripture. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Jeremiah 18:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../17/intro.md) | [>>](../19/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
|
|||
# Jeremiah 19 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### People horrified
|
||||
|
||||
The destruction of Jerusalem will be so complete that it will leave dead bodies everywhere and horrify people who see it.
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Jeremiah 19:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../18/intro.md) | [>>](../20/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
|
|||
# Jeremiah 20 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 20:7-18.
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Pashhur
|
||||
This chapter prophesied punishment against a specific leader named Pashhur. He was in charge of protecting the temple and had Jeremiah beaten and arrested. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])
|
||||
|
||||
#### Different Reactions to Suffering
|
||||
Jeremiah and the Jews reacted differently to suffering. Jeremiah told the Jews that God said that he would punish them and they would suffer, so the Jews became angry and were cruel to Jeremiah. Jeremiah suffered when they were cruel to him, and he complained to God about it. However, Jeremiah also praised God for always being with him, and he trusted that God would punish the people who had harmed him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Jeremiah 20:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../19/intro.md) | [>>](../21/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
|
|||
# Jeremiah 21 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 21:12-14.
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Jerusalem doomed
|
||||
|
||||
God will fight against Jerusalem and will use the nation of Babylon to fight his battle. If the Jews wanted to live, they needed to surrender to Babylon. Most of the Jews would have rather died than to surrender to Babylon. Usually, fighting against a Gentile nation was a sign of trust in Yahweh's power. In this instance, it was a sign of trust in Yahweh to surrender. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sign]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Jeremiah 21:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../20/intro.md) | [>>](../22/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
|
|||
# Jeremiah 22 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 22:6-10, 13-28, 28-30.
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Luxury and oppression
|
||||
|
||||
Because the king lived in luxury and oppressed the poor, God was sending him and his mother into captivity unless he repented. The king lacked justice. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/oppress]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Jeremiah 22:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../21/intro.md) | [>>](../23/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
|
|||
# Jeremiah 23 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 23:5-6, 9-24.
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Prophesying lies
|
||||
|
||||
The false prophets had encouraged people to continue sinning by saying everything will be alright. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
|
||||
|
||||
### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Wordplay
|
||||
|
||||
In Hebrew, the word for "message" can also mean "burden." In translations that are using footnotes, you may want to explain the wordplay in a footnote. In translations that are not using footnotes or which will primarily be distributed in an oral form, you may need a sentence like "What message has the Lord burdened you with now?" or "You (plural) call God's message a heavy burden on you."
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Jeremiah 23:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../22/intro.md) | [>>](../24/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
|
|||
# Jeremiah 24 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### The exiles are blessed and the others punished
|
||||
|
||||
God will bless the people who were taken away into Babylon but punish the people left in the land because they still did not repent and turn to him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Jeremiah 24:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../23/intro.md) | [>>](../25/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
|
|||
# Jeremiah 25 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 25:30-38.
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Seventy years
|
||||
|
||||
Babylon will rule over Judah for seventy years. Because Yahweh is just, he will soon punish Babylon for their evil actions. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]])
|
||||
|
||||
### Important figures of speech in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Idiom
|
||||
|
||||
Jeremiah uses the idiom of drinking the cup of wine of God's punishment to say that Babylon will destroy all the surrounding nations and then be destroyed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Jeremiah 25:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../24/intro.md) | [>>](../26/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
|
|||
# Jeremiah 26 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### The people want to kill Jeremiah
|
||||
|
||||
The people wanted to kill Jeremiah but other people intervened and said that they should listen to Jeremiah and repent. They represent the remnant of the faithful Jews. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/remnant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Jeremiah 26:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../25/intro.md) | [>>](../27/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
|
|||
# Jeremiah 27 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### The nations should serve Babylon
|
||||
|
||||
Jeremiah told the king of Judah, and all the surrounding nations, to serve the Babylonians and live in their land. If they refused, Babylon would take them as captives to another land.
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Jeremiah 27:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../26/intro.md) | [>>](../28/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
|
|||
# Jeremiah 28 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### False prophecies continue
|
||||
|
||||
A false prophet prophesied that the captives would return from Babylon with all the temple vessels. Jeremiah told the false prophet that he would die that year for prophesying lies, and he did die. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Jeremiah 28:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../27/intro.md) | [>>](../29/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
|
|||
# Jeremiah 29 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Two letters
|
||||
|
||||
Jeremiah sent a letter to Babylon telling the exiles to prepare for a long stay. A false prophet in Babylon wrote back to the chief priest telling him to punish Jeremiah. Even though Jeremiah had prophesied the exile, the Jews still did not believe him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Jeremiah 29:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../28/intro.md) | [>>](../30/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
|
|||
# Jeremiah 30 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 3:5-24.
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### God promises restoration
|
||||
|
||||
Despite the prophesied punishment in this chapter, Yahweh promises to restore Judah. In addition to this, he also declares that he will ultimately restore Israel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]])
|
||||
|
||||
### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter
|
||||
The author uses the term "Israel" in two different ways. He uses it in reference to the nation of Israel. He also uses it in reference to the people who used to inhabit the northern kingdom of Israel, namely the people group of Israel.
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Jeremiah 30:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../29/intro.md) | [>>](../31/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
|
|||
# Jeremiah 31 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 31:1-6, 8-22, 35-37.
|
||||
|
||||
The ULB sets 31:29 farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is an important quotation.
|
||||
|
||||
This chapter begins with a transition from the previous chapter. "At that time" is a reference to the day of restoration mentioned in [Jeremiah 30:24](../../jer/30/24.md). (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]])
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### The new covenant
|
||||
|
||||
This chapter is an important teaching regarding the new covenant. God will make a new covenant that will bring forgiveness of sins and a desire to obey God. Scholars disagree about whether this new covenant has begun. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/forgive]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
|
||||
|
||||
### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### Israel
|
||||
In this chapter, Jeremiah uses the term "Israel" in reference to the nation of Israel as a whole. He also uses it in reference to the northern kingdom of Israel and their people group.
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Jeremiah 31:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../30/intro.md) | [>>](../32/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
|
|||
# Jeremiah 32 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
The king should have listened to the prophet Jeremiah and repented of his sin. Instead, he objected to his message. Yahweh punished him because of this. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
|
||||
|
||||
### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter
|
||||
#### Israel
|
||||
The term "Israel" is used exclusively in reference to the nation of Israel as a whole in this chapter.
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Jeremiah 32:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../31/intro.md) | [>>](../33/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
|
|||
# Jeremiah 33 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
#### Covenant faithfulness
|
||||
Despite the great punishment Judah is facing and Israel has undergone, there is hope. This hope is based in the covenant faithfulness of Yahweh. Ultimately, he will restore his people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenantfaith]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/hope]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
|
||||
* __[Jeremiah 33:01 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../32/intro.md) | [>>](../34/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
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