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# Daniel 01 General Notes
### Structure and formatting
#### Training for government jobs
Daniel, Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego were chosen to be trained for service in the Babylonian kingdom. It was not unusual for foreigners to be given positions in the Babylonian government as advisors or cultural ambassadors.
### Special concepts in this chapter
#### Food laws
The food from the king included things the Jews were not allowed to eat according to the law of Moses. Daniel requested permission not to eat the king's food. He proved to the king that this food was not necessary for good health. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])
## Links:
* __[Daniel 01:01 Notes](./01.md)__
* __[Daniel intro](../front/intro.md)__
__| [>>](../02/intro.md)__

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# Daniel 02 General Notes
### Structure and formatting
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in Daniel's prayer in 2:20-23.
### Special concepts in this chapter
#### The king's dream
Daniel told the king's dream and what the dream meant. In the ancient Near East, it was believed that only people in touch with the gods could interpret dreams. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]])
#### How Daniel knew the dream
Daniel gave Yahweh the honor for having told him the dream and its meaning in answer to the prayers of the four men.
## Links:
* __[Daniel 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__

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# Daniel 03 General Notes
### Special concepts in this chapter
#### The king's new idol
Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego refused to worship the new idol. In the ancient Near East, refusing to worship the king was a sign of rebellion against the king. It was often considered the crime of treason. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sign]])
#### The furnace
There was a fourth person with them in the furnace, and because of this they were not hurt. Most scholars believe this to be Jesus before he was born.
## Links:
* __[Daniel 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__

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# Daniel 04 General Notes
### Structure and formatting
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 4:3 and 4:34-35.
### Special concepts in this chapter
#### The king becomes insane
The king became insane until he realized that Yahweh was the ruler over everyone, including him.
## Links:
* __[Daniel 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__

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# Daniel 05 General Notes
### Special concepts in this chapter
#### The writing on the wall
God told the new king that he had failed and God was replacing him, showing that God is the real ruler over everything, even kingdoms that do not worship him.
### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter
#### Mene, Mene, Tekel, Upharsin
These are words in Aramaic. Daniel "transliterates" these words by writing them with Hebrew letters, and then he explains their meanings. In the ULB and UDB they are written with English letters. Translators are encouraged to write them using the letters of the target language alphabet.
## Links:
* __[Daniel 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../04/intro.md) | [>>](../06/intro.md)__

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# Daniel 06 General Notes
### Structure and formatting
Some translations set the content of letters farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. The ULB does this with the letter in 6:25-27.
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in the letter in 6:26-27.
### Special concepts in this chapter
#### Daniel and the lions
Daniel was thrown into the lions' den for praying to Yahweh, but Yahweh protected him and the lions did not hurt him at all.
## Links:
* __[Daniel 06:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../05/intro.md) | [>>](../07/intro.md)__

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# Daniel 07 General Notes
### Structure and formatting
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in 7:9-10, 13-14, and 23-27.
### Special concepts in this chapter
#### The four beasts
There will be four successive kingdoms before Yahweh sets up his eternal kingdom. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/eternity]])
#### The Son of Man
God will give the Son of Man an eternal kingdom and he will judge people from the books. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sonofman]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]])
## Links:
* __[Daniel 07:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../06/intro.md) | [>>](../08/intro.md)__

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# Daniel 08 General Notes
### Special concepts in this chapter
#### The vision of the ram and the male goat
Although specific interpretation of this vision is not given, most scholars believe Daniel saw Greece overthrowing Media-Persia before breaking up into four kingdoms. One of these kingdoms stopped the temple worship for a while and then it was restored. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]])
## Links:
* __[Daniel 08:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../07/intro.md) | [>>](../09/intro.md)__

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# Daniel 09 General Notes
### Special concepts in this chapter
#### Daniel told the future
Gabriel told Daniel a prophecy that Jerusalem would be rebuilt. Then later an anointed person would be killed and the worship at the temple stopped. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/anoint]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])
#### The unusual expression of numbers in 9:24-26
This passage uses the expressions "seventy sevens of years," "seven sevens and sixty-two sevens," and "sixty-two sevens of years" to denote "490 years," "49 years and then 434 years," and "434 years," respectively. The original language uses the idea of a "week" to express the idea of a group of sevens, but these numbers are clearly meant to denote years, not weeks. Most translators should use the ways normal in their languages to express these numbers.
## Links:
* __[Daniel 09:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../08/intro.md) | [>>](../10/intro.md)__

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# Daniel 10 General Notes
### Structure and formatting
This chapter begins a section where Daniel is given a prophecy about the future from an angel. This section continues for the remainder of the book. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
## Links:
* __[Daniel 10:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../09/intro.md) | [>>](../11/intro.md)__

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# Daniel 11 General Notes
### Structure and formatting
The final prophecy continues in this chapter. The kings of the North and of the South will fight many wars against each other. The king of the South is probably a reference to Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
## Links:
* __[Daniel 11:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../10/intro.md) | [>>](../12/intro.md)__

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# Daniel 12 General Notes
### Structure and formatting
The final prophecy concludes in this chapter. It tells about the future resurrection of the dead and the final judgment. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/resurrection]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judgmentday]])
## Links:
* __[Daniel 12:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../11/intro.md) | __

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# Introduction to Daniel
## Part 1: General Introduction
### Outline of Daniel
1. Daniel and his friends in the court of Nebuchadnezzar (1:121)
1. Daniel interprets Nebuchadnezzar's first dream (2:149)
1. Daniel's friends delivered from the fiery furnace (3:130)
1. Daniel interprets Nebuchadnezzar's second dream (4:137)
1. Belshazzar's feast and the writing on the wall (5:1-31)
1. Daniel in the den of lions (6:128)
1. Daniel's vision of four beasts (7:128)
1. Daniel's vision of a ram and a goat (8:127)
1. Daniel prays and Gabriel answers (9:123)
1. Daniel's vision of seventy weeks (9:2427)
1. Daniel's vision of a man (10:111:1)
1. The kings of the south and north (11:220)
1. An evil king exalts himself (11:21-39)
1. The time of the end (11:4012:13)
### What is the Book of Daniel about?
The first part of the Book of Daniel (chapters 16) is a narrative about Daniel and his friends. They were young men from Jerusalem who were taken to Babylon as prisoners. These chapters tell how they were faithful to Yahweh while living in a pagan land serving a pagan king. And it tells how God rewarded them because they were faithful.
The rest of the Book of Daniel is a series of prophetic visions. Chapters 7 and 8 deal with images representing the kingdoms and kings of the major nations. Chapters 911 are prophecies and visions about wars and a type of the great enemy of God appearing. Chapter 12 is a vision that describes end times.
### How should the title of this book be translated?
The traditional title of this book is "The Book of Daniel" or just "Daniel." Translators may call it "The Book About Daniel" or "The Book About the Deeds and Visions of Daniel." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])
### Who wrote the Book of Daniel?
Daniel was a Jew who became a Babylonian government official during the exile. He may have written the book himself. Or he may have written the parts of the book and someone else put the parts together at a later time.
## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts
### Why do Daniel and his friends each have two names?
Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah were four men from Judah. Their names were Hebrew names. When the king of Babylon forced them to go to Babylon, his chief official gave them Babylonian names: Belteshazzar, Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego. In chapters 1 and 2, Daniels friends are primarily called by their Hebrew names. Chapters 3 and 4 tell about their interactions with the Babylonian king, and in those chapters their Babylonian names are used. Throughout the book Daniel refers to himself with his Hebrew name, but in chapters 4, 5, and 10, he also mentions his Babylonian name several times.
### Is there a missing week in Daniel's prophecy?
Scholars disagree about what may appear to be a missing week in 9:24-27. It is best for translators to allow apparent mysteries such as this to remain in the text. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-apocalypticwriting]])
### When did the seventy weeks begin?
The seventy weeks in 9:24-27 began when a decree was issued to rebuild the city of Jerusalem. But there were several decrees that allowed this to happen. Translators do not need to understand how prophecies were or will be fulfilled to translate the text.
### Who was Darius the Mede?
Darius the Mede was a Babylonian king who sent Daniel into a den of lions. People have not found his name in history outside of the Book of Daniel. Scholars have tried to explain who Darius was, but they are not certain.
## Part 3: Important Translation Issues
### How does Daniel use the word "king"?
Many kings are in the Book of Daniel, but not all of the kings ruled over all of Babylon or Persia. Some of the kings may have ruled over regions or cities.
### Why is the book of Daniel longer in some Bibles than in others?
The book of Daniel was first written in Hebrew and Aramaic. Later it was translated into Greek. The oldest Greek translation includes the following stories that the Hebrew and Aramaic version does not have: "The Prayer of Azariah," "The Song of the Three Holy Children," "Susanna and the Elders," and "Bel and the Dragon." These are not included in the Unlocked Literal Bible. However, if your church teaches that these stories should be included in the Bible, then you may translate them from versions of the Bible that include them.

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# Ezekiel 01 General Notes
### Structure and formatting
#### Ezekiel's call
Ezekiel had a vision of God calling him to prophetic ministry. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/call]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 01:01 Notes](./01.md)__
* __[Ezekiel intro](../front/intro.md)__
__| [>>](../02/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 02 General Notes
### Structure and formatting
Ezekiel's call continues in this chapter. God appointed Ezekiel to be a prophet but warned him that the people were very rebellious and would not listen to him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/call]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/appoint]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 03 General Notes
### Structure and formatting
Ezekiel's call concludes in this chapter. God told Ezekiel more about what he should say to the people and how he should say it. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/call]])
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 03:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 04 General Notes
### Special concepts in this chapter
#### Destruction of Jerusalem
The destruction of Jerusalem is pictured in this chapter. Ezekiel showed the lack of food and water that would occur during the siege of Jerusalem.
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 04:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 05 General Notes
### Special concepts in this chapter
#### The destruction of Jerusalem
The destruction of Jerusalem is continued to be pictured in this chapter. Ezekiel showed the destruction of Jerusalem by fire and war.
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 05:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../04/intro.md) | [>>](../06/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 06 General Notes
### Special concepts in this chapter
#### Shrines on the hill tops
God will destroy all those who have been worshiping idols at the hill top shrines.
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 06:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../05/intro.md) | [>>](../07/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 07 General Notes
### Special concepts in this chapter
#### Now is the time for punishment
The people will be punished severely for their idol worship and the temple will be destroyed. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 07:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../06/intro.md) | [>>](../08/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 08 General Notes
### Special concepts in this chapter
#### Judah's sin
The people have contaminated the temple with their worship of other gods and through their sin. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 08:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../07/intro.md) | [>>](../09/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 09 General Notes
### Special concepts in this chapter
#### Sorrow over sin
God was looking for people who were sad that there was so much evil being done. Yahweh would keep these faithful people from being killed with the rest of the people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]])
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 09:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../08/intro.md) | [>>](../10/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 10 General Notes
### Special concepts in this chapter
#### The throne
Ezekiel once again saw and described the throne, its wheels, and the cherubim. See also his description in Ezekiel 1.
#### Symbolism
God told the man dressed in lenin to take coals from between the wheels of the throne and scatter them over the city of Jerusalem. This was a symbolic action that showed God's judgment against the city and that it would be destroyed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]])
#### God left the temple
God now abandoned Jerusalem and left the temple. This was devastating to the religious life of Judah. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 10:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../09/intro.md) | [>>](../11/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 11 General Notes
### Special concepts in this chapter
#### Safety
The people were trusting Jerusalem to keep them safe. But God was going to pull them out of Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]])
### Important figures of speech in this chapter
#### Metaphor
The people in Jerusalem used the metaphor "this city is the pot and we are the meat in the pot" meaning they were safe in Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 11:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../10/intro.md) | [>>](../12/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 12 General Notes
### Special concepts in this chapter
#### Exile
God warned that very soon the people in Jerusalem would be exiled to Babylon.
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 12:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../11/intro.md) | [>>](../13/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 13 General Notes
### Structure and formatting
#### False prophets
God spoke against people who said they were prophesying but had not received any message from God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
### Important figures of speech in this chapter
#### Metaphor
God said of people who encourage others to feel safe even when they continue to sin were not strengthening a wall but just putting whitewash on it to hide the imperfections. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 13:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../12/intro.md) | [>>](../14/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 14 General Notes
### Special concepts in this chapter
#### Jerusalem deserves punishment
When the captives from Jerusalem arrive in Babylon, it will be obvious why God has punished them.
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 14:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../13/intro.md) | [>>](../15/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 15 General Notes
### Special concepts in this chapter
#### Useless
God said that the people of Jerusalem were useless to him. He uses a simile to show just how useless they were. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]])
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 15:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../14/intro.md) | [>>](../16/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 16 General Notes
### Important figures of speech in this chapter
#### Metaphor
God compared Judah to an adulteress because she worshiped idols instead of God who had done so much to help her. Adultery is a common image used to describe the worship of idols by Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 16:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../15/intro.md) | [>>](../17/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 17 General Notes
### Special concepts in this chapter
#### Breaking allegiance
The king of Judah had vowed to obey Babylon but instead he followed Egypt. Therefore, God said he would not prosper. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/vow]])
### Important figures of speech in this chapter
#### Metaphor
Judah is compared to a vine that grows one direction and then another. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 17:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../16/intro.md) | [>>](../18/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 18 General Notes
### Special concepts in this chapter
#### Inherited Guilt
God does not punish children for the sins of their parents, but only punishes them for their own sins. Despite this, the parents' sins may still have consequences for their children. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 18:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../17/intro.md) | [>>](../19/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 19 General Notes
### Special concepts in this chapter
#### Judah destroyed
The first king was taken as a captive to Egypt, the next was taken as a captive to Babylon. Now Judah is not prospering.
### Important figures of speech in this chapter
#### Metaphor
The kings of Judah are compared to man-eating lions. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 19:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../18/intro.md) | [>>](../20/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 20 General Notes
### Special concepts in this chapter
#### Rebels cannot ask for help
The people of Israel have rebelled against God again and again. Now they cannot come to God for help in their troubles.
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 20:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../19/intro.md) | [>>](../21/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 21 General Notes
### Special concepts in this chapter
#### Refusing to learn
Judah has refused to learn from their punishment, so God is about to destroy the nation in war.
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 21:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../20/intro.md) | [>>](../22/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 22 General Notes
### Special concepts in this chapter
#### Continuous evil
Murder, idolatry and all sorts of evil have been done in Jerusalem; so God will destroy the city and scatter the people among the nations. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]])
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 22:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../21/intro.md) | [>>](../23/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 23 General Notes
### Important figures of speech in this chapter
#### Metaphor
Israel and Judah have been unfaithful to God by worshiping idols. They are compared to two unfaithful wives who have repeatedly committed adultery. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 23:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../22/intro.md) | [>>](../24/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 24 General Notes
### Special concepts in this chapter
#### Too many sins to be forgiven
The people of Jerusalem cannot be cleaned from their sin. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
### Important figures of speech in this chapter
#### Metaphor
Jerusalem is compared to a pot, so rusted that it cannot be cleaned from its rust. They have been completely rotted by their sin. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 24:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../23/intro.md) | [>>](../25/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 25 General Notes
### Structure and formatting
#### Prophecy against other nations
This chapter includes prophecies against some Gentile nations. Ammon, Moab, Edom and Philistia will all be destroyed. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 25:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../24/intro.md) | [>>](../26/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 26 General Notes
### Structure and formatting
This chapter begins a section of prophecy against Tyre. The Babylonians will destroy Tyre. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 26:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../25/intro.md) | [>>](../27/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 27 General Notes
### Structure and formatting
The prophecy against Tyre continues in this chapter. Tyre has become wealthy from trade as far as Spain, but Tyre will be destroyed. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
### Important figures of speech in this chapter
#### Metaphor
Tyre is compared to a ship built with the very best materials. Despite its strength and power, Yahweh will destroy it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 27:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../26/intro.md) | [>>](../28/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 28 General Notes
### Structure and formatting
The prophecy against Tyre concludes in this chapter. Tyre will be destroyed because of its pride and unfair business practices. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 28:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../27/intro.md) | [>>](../29/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 29 General Notes
### Structure and formatting
This chapter begins a prophecy against Egypt and its king, Pharaoh. Because Egypt did not fulfill its promise of protecting Judah, it will be conquered by Babylon. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]])
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 29:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../28/intro.md) | [>>](../30/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 30 General Notes
### Structure and formatting
The prophecy against Egypt and its king continues in this chapter. Babylon will destroy all the towns of Egypt and their allies will not be able to help them. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 30:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../29/intro.md) | [>>](../31/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 31 General Notes
### Structure and formatting
The prophecy against Egypt and its king continues in this chapter. God told Egypt to remember what happened to Assyria when it became proud. This same things will now happen to Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 31:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../30/intro.md) | [>>](../32/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 32 General Notes
### Structure and formatting
The prophecy against Egypt and its king concludes in this chapter. Egypt will have its army destroyed, just as happened to so many other nations. Beginning in verse 1, the land of Egypt is addressed through Pharaoh, its king, so God refers to Egypt as "he" and "him." However, beginning in verse 12, Egypt is referred to as "she" and "her," as if she were a woman. It was common in Hebrew for lands and countries to be referred to as if they were women. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 32:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../31/intro.md) | [>>](../33/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 33 General Notes
### Special concepts in this chapter
#### Repentance
God does not want sinners to die. He wants them to repent and live. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]])
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 33:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../32/intro.md) | [>>](../34/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 34 General Notes
### Special concepts in this chapter
#### God protects the people
God is against those who exploit others. He will protect and take care of his people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]])
### Important figures of speech in this chapter
#### Metaphor
The people of Israel are compared to sheep and God and the son of David as good shepherds. This is a common metaphor in scripture. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 34:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../33/intro.md) | [>>](../35/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 35 General Notes
### Special concepts in this chapter
#### Edom
Because the people of Edom rejoiced at the destruction of Israel, they too will be destroyed.
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 35:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../34/intro.md) | [>>](../36/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 36 General Notes
### Special concepts in this chapter
#### Israel restored
Israel is promised to be restored by Yahweh. Because of his honor, God will bring Israel back to their land. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]])
#### New hearts
God will forgive Israel's sin and give them the desire to obey him. This is expressed by the metonym "heart." (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/forgive]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 36:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../35/intro.md) | [>>](../37/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 37 General Notes
### Special concepts in this chapter
#### Israel restored
God will unite the two kingdoms of Israel and Judah and the Messiah will rule over them. This will come in a prophesied day of restoration. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]])
### Important figures of speech in this chapter
#### Metaphor
The people are discouraged and compare themselves to skeletons, but God will cause them to become a nation again. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 37:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../36/intro.md) | [>>](../38/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 38 General Notes
### Structure and formatting
This chapter begins a section prophesying against Gog. Later Gog will try to conquer Israel.
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 38:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../37/intro.md) | [>>](../39/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 39 General Notes
### Structure and formatting
This chapter concludes the prophecy against Gog. God will destroy Gog and his army.
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 39:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../38/intro.md) | [>>](../40/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 40 General Notes
### Structure and formatting
#### The new temple and city
In a vision, Ezekiel saw a man measuring the wall of a new temple. The next chapters will give precise measurements for the construction of a temple to be built. This was not the temple of Ezra's day. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 40:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../39/intro.md) | [>>](../41/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 41 General Notes
### Structure and formatting
Instructions for the new temple and city continue in this chapter. This chapter focuses on the measurements for the construction of the temple to be built. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 41:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../40/intro.md) | [>>](../42/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 42 General Notes
### Structure and formatting
Instructions for the new temple and city continue in this chapter. This chapter focused on the storerooms for keeping the holy things of the temple. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 42:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../41/intro.md) | [>>](../43/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 43 General Notes
### Structure and formatting
Instructions for the new temple and city continue in this chapter. God entered the temple. He told the people not to defile the temple by being idol worshipers or by having the funerals of their kings in the temple courtyard. He also told them what offerings to make each day. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 43:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../42/intro.md) | [>>](../44/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 44 General Notes
### Structure and formatting
Instructions for the new temple and city continue in this chapter. Foreigners and the Levites who have worshiped idols are not allowed in the temple. The priests alone will do the temple work. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]])
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 44:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../43/intro.md) | [>>](../45/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 45 General Notes
### Structure and formatting
Instructions for the new temple and city continue in this chapter. There should be an area around the temple complex for the homes of the priests and Levites who work at the temple. People should celebrate the festivals. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]])
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 45:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../44/intro.md) | [>>](../46/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 46 General Notes
### Structure and formatting
Instructions for the new temple and city continue in this chapter. This chapter focuses on many of the temple's rules. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 46:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../45/intro.md) | [>>](../47/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 47 General Notes
### Structure and formatting
Instructions for the new temple and city continue in this chapter. There was a river flowing from the temple. The land was to be divided among the tribes. The landscape of Jerusalem will have changed in a significant way. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 47:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../46/intro.md) | [>>](../48/intro.md)__

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# Ezekiel 48 General Notes
### Structure and formatting
Instructions for the new temple and city continue in this chapter. There is more dividing of the land between the tribes in this chapter as well.
## Links:
* __[Ezekiel 48:01 Notes](./01.md)__
__[<<](../47/intro.md) | __

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# Introduction to Ezekiel
## Part 1: General Introduction
### Outline of Ezekiel
1. Yahweh calls Ezekiel to speak his words (1:13:27)
1. Yahweh judges Judah and Jerusalem (4:1-24:27)
1. Ezekiel prophesies against nearby nations (25:132:32)
1. Yahweh explains the fall of Jerusalem (33:133)
1. Ezekiel brings messages of hope (34:148:35)
- A new shepherd (34:131)
- Edom destroyed (35:115)
- Israel restored (36:137:28)
- Gog and Magog (38:139:29)
- Jerusalem and the temple restored (40:148:35)
### What is Ezekiel about?
The Book of Ezekiel contains words that Ezekiel prophesied between 592 B.C. and 573 B.C. The Jewish people were exiled in Babylonia. Ezekiel told them that God had punished them because they sinned against him. However, Ezekiel assured them that God would restore them. God was using Babylon to punish them. But eventually another nation would defeat the Babylonians. Ezekiel also prophesied about how God will restore Jerusalem and the temple so that the people can worship and sacrifice to him again. Ezekiel then described how the land will be divided again among the tribes of Israel.
### How should the title of this book be translated?
"Ezekiel" or "The Book of Ezekiel" is the traditional name for this book. Translators may also call it "The Messages from God Brought by Ezekiel." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])
### Who wrote the Book of Ezekiel?
Ezekiel wrote the prophecies in the Book of Ezekiel. He was a prophet and priest who lived near Babylon in the time of the exile.
## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts
### What was Ezekiel's temple?
Several chapters of the Book of Ezekiel give instructions about building a new temple. However, this temple is not the same as the temple the people would build after going back to Jerusalem. Because Ezekiel's temple has never been built, some scholars think that this temple is to be built in the future. Other scholars think that Ezekiel's temple is symbolic of the Church.
### Do the sacrifices in Ezekiel follow the law of Moses?
The sacrifices in Ezekiel 46 are somewhat different than the required sacrifices in Numbers 28. This may be because Ezekiel prophesied about a new temple with new sacrifices.
## Part 3: Important Translation Issues
### How should one represent Ezekiel's visions in translation?
The Book of Ezekiel has many complicated visions. Some are similar to passages in other Scripture books that describe future events. Some of these visions are about God rescuing Israel in the distant future. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-apocalypticwriting]])
It is unclear whether Ezekiel actually traveled to the particular places named in the visions, or whether what he described were mental ideas. For this reason, Ezekiel's viewpoint is sometimes difficult to understand, even though the meanings of the visions may be clear.
Translators should avoid trying to explain these visions in their translations. Instead, they should present the visions just as they are in the source text.
### What does "and you will know that I am Yahweh" mean?
This is a common phrase in the Book of Ezekiel. It is meant to assure the reader that these messages truly came from God, and that he will do what he has promised. The translator may also use the phrase "and you will understand that I am Yahweh and what I say will happen." The UDB translates it as "then you will know that I, Yahweh, have the power to do what I say that I will do."