diff --git a/translate/figs-rpronouns/01.md b/translate/figs-rpronouns/01.md index ed1d390..40c426f 100644 --- a/translate/figs-rpronouns/01.md +++ b/translate/figs-rpronouns/01.md @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ All languages have ways of showing that the same person fills two different roles in a sentence. English does this by using **Reflexive pronouns**. These are pronouns that refer to someone or something that has already been mentioned in a sentence. In English the reflexive pronouns are: myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, and themselves. Other languages may have other ways to show this. **Uses of Reflexive Pronouns** -* To show that the same person or thing fills two different roles in a sentence +* To show that the same person or things fills two different roles in a sentence * To emphasize a person or thing in the sentence * To show that someone did something alone * To show that someone or something was alone @@ -18,19 +18,24 @@ All languages have ways of showing that the same person fills two different role ### Examples from the Bible ##### The reflexive pronoun shows that the same person or thing fills two different roles in a sentence. + +>Then they picked up stones to throw at him, but Jesus hid himself and went out of the temple. (John 8:59) + +The word "himself" refers to Jesus. + >If I should testify about myself, my testimony would not be true. (John 5:31 ULB) +Jesus was speaking. The words "I" and "myself" both refer to Jesus. + >Now the Passover of the Jews was near, and many went up to Jerusalem from the country before the Passover in order to purify themselves. (John 11:55 ULB) +The word "themselves" refers to the "many" who went up in order to purify themselves. + ##### The reflexive pronouns emphasizes a person or thing in the sentence. ->... Jesus himself was not baptizing, but his disciples were ... (John 4:2 ULB +>... Jesus himself was not baptizing, but his disciples were ... (John 4:2 ULB) >So they left the crowd, taking Jesus with them, since he was already in the boat. ... And a violent windstorm arose and the waves were breaking into the boat so that the boat was already full. But Jesus himself was in the stern, asleep on a cushion. (Mark 4:36-38 ULB) -> Now Jesus said this to test Philip, for he himself knew what he was going to do. (John 6:6) - -The words "he" and "himself" both refer to Jesus. - ##### The reflexive pronoun shows that someone did something alone. >When Jesus realized that they were about to come and seize him by force to make him king, he withdrew again up the mountain by himself. (John 6:15 ULB) @@ -41,7 +46,7 @@ The words "he" and "himself" both refer to Jesus. If a reflexive pronoun would have the same function in your language, consider using it. If not, here are some other strategies. -1. In some languages people put something on the verb to show that the object of the verb is the same as the subject. +1. In some languages people show that the object of the verb is the same as the subject by putting something on the verb. 1. In some languages people emphasize a certain person or thing by referring to it in a special place in the sentence. 1. In some languages people emphasize a certain person or thing by adding something to that word or putting another word with it. 1. In some languages people show that someone did something alone by using a word like "alone." @@ -49,7 +54,7 @@ If a reflexive pronoun would have the same function in your language, consider u ### Examples of Translation Strategies Applied -1. In some languages people put something on the verb to show that the object of the verb is the same as the subject. +1. In some languages people show that the object of the verb is the same as the subject by putting something on the verb. * **If I should testify about myself, my testimony would not be true.** (John 5:31) * If I should self-testify, my testimony would not be true. * **Now the Passover of the Jews was near, and many went up to Jerusalem out of the country before the Passover in order to purify themselves.** (John 11:55) @@ -61,7 +66,7 @@ If a reflexive pronoun would have the same function in your language, consider u * **Jesus himself was not baptizing, but his disciples were.** (John 4:2) * It was not Jesus who was baptizing, but his disciples were. -1. In some languages people emphasize a certain person or thing by adding something to that word or putting another word with it. English adds the reflexive pronoun. +1. In some languages people emphasize a certain person or thing by adding something to that word or putting another word with it. English uses the reflexive pronoun. * **Now Jesus said this to test Philip, for he himself knew what he was going to do.** (John 6:6) 1. In some languages people show that someone did something alone by using a word like "alone."