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# John 3
## 3: 1-15
## 3:1-15
### Did Nicodemus think Jesus to be God’s Son?
@ -9,13 +9,13 @@ Nicodemus spoke well of Jesus to the other Jewish leaders at the Festival of She
If Nicodemus later believed in Jesus, it was not easy for him. That is, if he believed in Jesus, the Jews would have rejected him as a teacher. These scholars think that Nicodemus stopped thinking he entered heaven because of the good things he did. Nicodemus now understood that he needed to humble himself. He needed Jesus to forgive him for sinning. Perhaps this is why John wrote that Jesus’ words amazed Nicodemus.
See: Priest (Priesthood); Festival of Shelters
See: [Priest (Priesthood)](../articles/priest.md); [Festival of Shelters](../articles/festivalofshelters.md)
### How can someone be “born again”?
Jesus told Nicodemus that he needed to be “born again”(ἄνωθεν/g0509). That is, he needed to be born a second time from God. This is a metaphor for what happens to the life of a person when they believe in Jesus. God makes a Christian a new person in some way. This confused Nicodemus. He thought that Jesus was saying that his mother needed to give birth to him again. Nicodemus knew a woman was unable to do this. However, Jesus meant that people needed to be born a second time to be able to live with God forever. It is the Holy Spirit who does this. That is, without the Holy Spirit gives some a second birth, the person cannot live together with God forever in heaven. A sinner must be made into a new person to be with God.
See: Born Again (New Life, Regeneration); Metaphor
See: [Born Again (New Life, Regeneration)](../articles/bornagain.md); [Metaphor](../articles/metaphor.md)
### How is one born from water and the Spirit?
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1. Some scholars think being born from water means that someone is born again. Perhaps John thought that when this happens they are baptized with water. Or perhaps John thought that when this happens God makes them clean from sin. He washes away their sin (see: 1 John 1:7). God promised to clean Israel with clean water from their sins and idols (see: Ezekiel 3:25-27). He said that when this happened, he made people different in some way. He said he did this by putting his Spirit in them (see: Numbers 19:17; Psalm 51:9-10; Isaiah 32:15;44:3-5; Jeremiah 2:13;17:13; Joel 2:28-29).
1. Other scholars think John was thinking about a baby born from his mother (see: 3:6). There is water in the mother’s womb around a baby before it is born. However, this was not a metaphor that was used very often.
See: Born Again (New Life, Regeneration); Baptize (Baptism); Clean and Unclean; Sin; Indwelling of the Holy Spirit; Metaphor
See: [Born Again (New Life, Regeneration)](../articles/bornagain.md); [Baptize (Baptism)](../articles/baptize.md); [Clean and Unclean](../articles/cleanunclean.md); [Sin](../articles/sin.md); [Indwelling of the Holy Spirit](../articles/indwelling.md); [Metaphor](../articles/metaphor.md)
### Why did Jesus say Nicodemus did not understand the earthly things of which he spoke?