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@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ Paul traveled to Jerusalem because that is where James, Peter, and John lived. T
Some scholars think this was 14 years was after Paul believed in Jesus (see: Acts 9). Other scholars think it was after his first trip to Jerusalem (see: Acts 11.27-30). Other scholars think this time in Jerusalem when the church leaders met (see: Acts 15.2). Some scholars think this was 14 years was after Paul believed in Jesus (see: Acts 9). Other scholars think it was after his first trip to Jerusalem (see: Acts 11.27-30). Other scholars think this time in Jerusalem when the church leaders met (see: Acts 15.2).
See: Preach See: [Preach (Preacher)](../articles/preach.md)
### Who was Barnabas? ### Who was Barnabas?
@ -24,20 +24,20 @@ Titus went with Paul on several missionary journeys. He helped Paul in many ways
Titus was born in Antioch at the beginning of the first century. His father was a Greek, and his mother was Jewish. People were not sure if he was Jewish or Gentile. Because of this, Christians asked if he needed to be circumcised in the same way Jewish men were circumcised. Some scholars think that 2:4 indicates Paul made Titus get circumcised. Other scholars say Titus was never circumcised. Titus was born in Antioch at the beginning of the first century. His father was a Greek, and his mother was Jewish. People were not sure if he was Jewish or Gentile. Because of this, Christians asked if he needed to be circumcised in the same way Jewish men were circumcised. Some scholars think that 2:4 indicates Paul made Titus get circumcised. Other scholars say Titus was never circumcised.
See: Gentile; Circumcise (Circumcision) See: [Gentile](../articles/gentile.md); [Circumcise (Circumcision)](../articles/circumcise.md)
See Map: Crete See Map: Crete
### What did Barnabas and Titus do for Paul? ### What did Barnabas and Titus do for Paul?
Barnabas and Titus went to Jerusalem with Paul because God told him to go there. Paul told the church leaders there about how he preached and taught the Gentiles. Some scholars believe that Barnabas and Titus also spoke in Jerusalem when the church leaders talked about Gentiles becoming Christians (see: Acts 15). Barnabas and Titus went to Jerusalem with Paul because God told him to go there. Paul told the church leaders there about how he preached and taught the Gentiles. Some scholars believe that Barnabas and Titus also spoke in Jerusalem when the church leaders talked about Gentiles becoming Christians (see: Acts 15).
See: Preach; Gentile See: [Preach (Preacher)](../articles/preach.md); [Gentile](../articles/gentile.md)
### Why did Paul worry about the Galatians? ### Why did Paul worry about the Galatians?
Paul worried that the Galatians no longer followed the gospel he preached to them. He worried that the Galatians followed false teachers who were also called "Judaizers." They did not think that believing in Jesus was enough to make a person a Christian. They thought people also needed to follow the Law of Moses to become a Christian. Paul taught they did not need to follow the Law of Moses. He taught that once they believed in Jesus, they had freedom because of Jesus. That is, they no longer needed to follow the Law of Moses. Paul worried that the Galatians no longer followed the gospel he preached to them. He worried that the Galatians followed false teachers who were also called "Judaizers." They did not think that believing in Jesus was enough to make a person a Christian. They thought people also needed to follow the Law of Moses to become a Christian. Paul taught they did not need to follow the Law of Moses. He taught that once they believed in Jesus, they had freedom because of Jesus. That is, they no longer needed to follow the Law of Moses.
See: Gospel; Preach; Law of Moses See: [Gospel](../articles/gospel.md); [Preach (Preacher)](../articles/preach.md);[Law of Moses](../articles/lawofmoses.md)
### Why did they want Titus circumcised? ### Why did they want Titus circumcised?
@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ Some scholars think that some of the Jewish Christians wanted Paul to have Titus
Paul told the Jewish Christians that Gentile Christians did not need to be circumcised to be Christians or church leaders. Peter, who was the most important church leader, also knew this (see: Acts 10). Paul got the other church leaders to agree that Titus did not have to be circumcised. Paul told the Jewish Christians that Gentile Christians did not need to be circumcised to be Christians or church leaders. Peter, who was the most important church leader, also knew this (see: Acts 10). Paul got the other church leaders to agree that Titus did not have to be circumcised.
See: Circumcise (Circumcision); Law of Moses See: [Circumcise (Circumcision)](../articles/circumcise.md); [Law of Moses](../articles/lawofmoses.md)
## 2:4-5 ## 2:4-5
@ -53,8 +53,7 @@ See: Circumcise (Circumcision); Law of Moses
Paul used language about "slaves" and "submission" because he knew that if a person believes in Jesus, that is enough for God to save them from their sins. This makes them a Christian. That is, they are no longer slaves to the Law of Moses because they are free in Christ. So, after he believed in Jesus, he knew that only Jesus saved him from his sins and following the Law of Moses did not. Paul wanted other Christians to understand that the gospel is true. He wanted them to know that being circumcised did not make them Christians. Only believing in Jesus made them Christians. Paul wanted his readers not to listen to anyone who said they were not Christian because they were not Jewish. Paul used language about "slaves" and "submission" because he knew that if a person believes in Jesus, that is enough for God to save them from their sins. This makes them a Christian. That is, they are no longer slaves to the Law of Moses because they are free in Christ. So, after he believed in Jesus, he knew that only Jesus saved him from his sins and following the Law of Moses did not. Paul wanted other Christians to understand that the gospel is true. He wanted them to know that being circumcised did not make them Christians. Only believing in Jesus made them Christians. Paul wanted his readers not to listen to anyone who said they were not Christian because they were not Jewish.
See: Submit (Submission); Law of Moses; Gospel; Circumcise (Circumcision); Save (Salvation, Saved from Sins See: [Submit (Submission)](../articles/submit.md); [Law of Moses](../articles/lawofmoses.md); [Gospel](../articles/gospel.md); [Circumcise (Circumcision)](../articles/circumcise.md); [Save (Salvation, Saved from Sins)](../articles/save.md)
## 2:6-10 ## 2:6-10
### Does God want both Jews and Gentiles to be saved? ### Does God want both Jews and Gentiles to be saved?
@ -62,7 +61,7 @@ Paul wanted his readers to know that God wanted both Jews and Gentiles to become
When Paul wrote about the "uncircumcised", he spoke about the Gentiles. When Paul wrote "circumcised", he spoke about the Jews. When Paul wrote about the "uncircumcised", he spoke about the Gentiles. When Paul wrote "circumcised", he spoke about the Jews.
See: Preach; Apostle; Gentile; Circumcise (Circumcision); Save (Salvation; Saved from Sins) See: [Preach (Preacher)](../articles/preach.md);[Apostle](../articles/apostle.md); [Gentile](../articles/gentile.md); [Circumcise (Circumcision)](../articles/circumcise.md); [Save (Salvation, Saved from Sins)](../articles/save.md)
### Who were James, Cephas, and John? ### Who were James, Cephas, and John?
@ -74,19 +73,21 @@ Jesus called Peter to become Jesus' disciple (see Matthew 4:18-22). Peter was al
John was the disciple whom Jesus called away from working as a fisherman along with his older brother, James (see Matthew 4:21-22). He was called the "beloved disciple" (see: John 13:23). He wrote five books in the New Testament (the Gospel of John, 1 John, 2 John, 3 John, and Revelation). He was one of the leaders of the first Christians. John was the disciple whom Jesus called away from working as a fisherman along with his older brother, James (see Matthew 4:21-22). He was called the "beloved disciple" (see: John 13:23). He wrote five books in the New Testament (the Gospel of John, 1 John, 2 John, 3 John, and Revelation). He was one of the leaders of the first Christians.
See: Metaphor; Preach; Apostle; Disciple See: [Metaphor](../articles/metaphor.md);[Preach (Preacher)](../articles/preach.md); [Apostle](../articles/apostle.md); [Disciple](../articles/disciple.md)
### What was the “right hand of fellowship.” ### What was the “right hand of fellowship.”
When Paul was alive, men shook hands or grabbed arms to welcome each other. They did this to show that they honored each other and agreed about important things. Paul used this as a metaphor for friendship. He wanted to say that the leaders of the Christians in Jerusalem thought of him and Barnabas to be friends. When Paul was alive, men shook hands or grabbed arms to welcome each other. They did this to show that they honored each other and agreed about important things. Paul used this as a metaphor for friendship. He wanted to say that the leaders of the Christians in Jerusalem thought of him and Barnabas to be friends.
See: Metaphor See: [Metaphor](../articles/metaphor.md)
### Why was Paul to help poor people? ### Why was Paul to help poor people?
The leaders wanted Paul to help the poor people in order to show that he was following God correctly. Christians have always helped poor people because this honors God. The Bible tells people who believe in God to take care of poor people (see: Deuteronomy 15:7-8, 10-11; Psalm 41:1; Matthew 19:21; Romans 15:26; 2 Corinthians 8; James 2:2-4). In the Middle East, sometimes the crops were bad or the rains did not come. Sometimes, men were not able to provide food for their families. Because of these difficult times, there were many poor people. The leaders wanted Paul to help the poor people in order to show that he was following God correctly. Christians have always helped poor people because this honors God. The Bible tells people who believe in God to take care of poor people (see: Deuteronomy 15:7-8, 10-11; Psalm 41:1; Matthew 19:21; Romans 15:26; 2 Corinthians 8; James 2:2-4). In the Middle East, sometimes the crops were bad or the rains did not come. Sometimes, men were not able to provide food for their families. Because of these difficult times, there were many poor people.
2:11-21
Why did Paul confront Peter? ## 2:11-21
### Why did Paul confront Peter?
In these verses, Paul wrote that he had to confront Cephas, who was also called Peter, about not eating with the Gentiles. After the meeting in Jerusalem, Paul returned to Antioch in Syria. Later, Peter also came to Antioch. While he was in Antioch, Peter stopped eating and being friends with Gentile Christians. He also started following the Law of Moses again. He did this because he was afraid of what the Jewish Christians thought about him. In these verses, Paul wrote that he had to confront Cephas, who was also called Peter, about not eating with the Gentiles. After the meeting in Jerusalem, Paul returned to Antioch in Syria. Later, Peter also came to Antioch. While he was in Antioch, Peter stopped eating and being friends with Gentile Christians. He also started following the Law of Moses again. He did this because he was afraid of what the Jewish Christians thought about him.
@ -96,7 +97,7 @@ Paul also confronted Peter because Peter was not doing the things that he preach
Paul also wanted readers to know that he was equal to the other Christian leaders. He did this by describing how he was able to tell other leaders what they were to do. Paul also wanted readers to know that he was equal to the other Christian leaders. He did this by describing how he was able to tell other leaders what they were to do.
See: Law of Moses; Preach; Hypocrisy (Hypocrite) See: [Law of Moses](../articles/lawofmoses.md);[Preach (Preacher)](../articles/preach.md); [Hypocrisy (Hypocirte)](../articles/hypocrisy.md)
See Map: Antioch and Syria See Map: Antioch and Syria
### How are Christians justified? ### How are Christians justified?
@ -113,7 +114,7 @@ Paul asked the Jewish Christians in Galatia about what Jesus taught and what he
When Paul asked the Galatian Christians what Jesus taught, he wanted them to think about how Jesus did not want them to sin. Paul did not teach that Jesus wanted people to sin. He knew his readers knew this. So he asked this question to force his readers to think about what they knew Jesus taught. He asked them about what Jesus taught and what he wanted his followers to do and not do (see 5:19-22). He knew his readers would answer his question by rejecting the idea that Jesus told people to sin. He wanted them to know it was not a sin for Jewish Christians and Gentile Christians to be friends. It also meant that Gentile Christians were not to think that they had to follow the Law of Moses. When Paul asked the Galatian Christians what Jesus taught, he wanted them to think about how Jesus did not want them to sin. Paul did not teach that Jesus wanted people to sin. He knew his readers knew this. So he asked this question to force his readers to think about what they knew Jesus taught. He asked them about what Jesus taught and what he wanted his followers to do and not do (see 5:19-22). He knew his readers would answer his question by rejecting the idea that Jesus told people to sin. He wanted them to know it was not a sin for Jewish Christians and Gentile Christians to be friends. It also meant that Gentile Christians were not to think that they had to follow the Law of Moses.
See: Circumcise (Circumcision); Law of Moses; Save (Salvation; Save from sin) See: [Circumcise (Circumcision)](../articles/circumcise.md); [Law of Moses](../articles/lawofmoses.md);[Save (Salvation, Saved from Sins)](../articles/save.md)
### Why did Paul compare following the law to death? ### Why did Paul compare following the law to death?
@ -125,4 +126,4 @@ When Paul believed in Jesus, Jesus gave him a new life. Out of love, God forgave
Paul wrote that there is no other way to be friends with God. If there was, then Jesus did not have to die for God to forgive people's sins. Paul wrote that there is no other way to be friends with God. If there was, then Jesus did not have to die for God to forgive people's sins.
See: Metaphor; Law of Moses; Hell; Save (Salvation, Saved from Sins See: [Metaphor](../articles/metaphor.md); [Law of Moses](../articles/lawofmoses.md);[Hell](../articles/hell.md); [Save (Salvation, Saved from Sins)](../articles/save.md)