# would you therefore wait until they were grown? Would you choose not to marry a husband?

These questions can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: "you would not wait until they were grown up. You would marry someone else." 

# It is exceedingly bitter to me for your sake

The idea of bitterness refers to grief. Alternate translation: "It greatly grieves me that you have no husbands" 

# the hand of Yahweh has gone out against me

The word "hand" refers to Yahweh's power or influence. Alternate translation: "Yahweh has caused terrible things to happen to me"