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Henry Whitney 2019-03-13 17:39:27 -04:00
parent 82c0c06a39
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10 changed files with 44 additions and 10 deletions

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@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ This expression refers to drought, when no rain falls for a long time.
becoming weak and dying because of sickness or lack of food becoming weak and dying because of sickness or lack of food
# are being taken away # the beasts ... sea, are being taken away
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "are dying" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) Possible meanings are 1) this is a euphemism for dying. Alternate translation: "the beasts ... sea, are dying" Or 2) this can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "God is taking away the beasts ... sea" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]])

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@ -10,3 +10,6 @@ a complaint by one person against another person in a court of law
No one should accuse another person of anything because everyone is guilty of something. No one should accuse another person of anything because everyone is guilty of something.
# it is you, the priests, whom I am accusing
Many versions read, "your people are like those who accuse a priest."

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@ -6,3 +6,7 @@ Yahweh is talking about Israel.
It was common for the people to set up idols in these places, often called "high places" in the Old Testament. It was common for the people to set up idols in these places, often called "high places" in the Old Testament.
# daughters-in-law
Some versions read, "brides."

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# daughters-in-law
Some versions read, "brides." See how you translated this word in [verse 13](./13.md).
# sacred prostitutes # sacred prostitutes
These were women who had sexual relations with men who came to worship certain idols. This was viewed as a sacred action in honor of the false gods. These were women who had sexual relations with men who came to worship certain idols. This was viewed as a sacred action in honor of the false gods.

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# for the mind of adultery is in them # for the mind of prostitution is in them
This means they have the desire to be unfaithful to God. They want to worship idols. This means they have the desire to be unfaithful to God. They want to worship idols.

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# the day of rebuke
Many versions understand the word "rebuke" here as a euphemism for "punishment."
# Among the tribes of Israel I have declared what is certain to happen # Among the tribes of Israel I have declared what is certain to happen
"I will do to the tribes of Israel what I have declared" "I will do to the tribes of Israel what I have declared"

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# Ephraim is crushed; he is crushed in judgment # Ephraim is oppressed
This can be stated in active form. This statement is made twice for emphasis. Here "Ephraim" refers to the people of the northern kingdom of Israel. Alternate translation: "I will punish the people of Israel severely" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]]) "Ephraim" is a synecdoche for "Israel," the northern kingdom, and a metonym for the people who live in that northern kingdom. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Ephraim's enemies oppress him" or "The enemies of the people of Israel oppress them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
# he is crushed in judgment
The word "he" refers to "Ephraim," which is a synecdoche for "Israel," the northern kingdom, and a metonym for the people who live in that northern kingdom. The word "crushed" is a metaphor for "severely oppressed." The abstract noun "judgment" can be expressed using the verb "judge," the subject of which is either Yahweh or the enemies of the people of Israel. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "and I am judging the people of Israel by crushing them" or "and I am judging the people of Israel by having their enemies crush them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
# walked after idols # walked after idols

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@ -2,9 +2,13 @@
Through his prophets, Yahweh has pronounced destruction on the rebellious nation. The destruction, here called "cutting to pieces," is as sure as the condemnation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]]) Through his prophets, Yahweh has pronounced destruction on the rebellious nation. The destruction, here called "cutting to pieces," is as sure as the condemnation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
# Your decrees are like the light that shines out # Your judgments are like the light that shines out
Here the prophet Hosea is speaking to God. He may mean that when God gives the command for someone to die as punishment, it is like a bolt of lightning that strikes. Or he may mean that God's commandments allow people to know the truth, just as light makes objects visible. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]]) Yahweh has judged Ephraim [verse 4](./04.md) in a way that people can see plainly and cannot avoid. Alternate translation: "The judgments that have fallen on you are like the light that shines out" or "The way I have judged you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]])
# The judgments on you
Some versions read, "My judgments," referring to the actions Yahweh has taken against Ephraim.
# Your decrees # Your decrees

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# Keep covenantal faithfulness and justice # Keep covenant faithfulness and justice
This refers to obeying God's law and doing what is right. This refers to obeying God's law and doing what is right.

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# whatever we have reached, let us hold on to it # General Information:
Paul uses "we" to include the Philippian believers. Alternate translation: "let us all continue obeying the same truth we have already received" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]]) Paul uses "we" to include the Philippian believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]])
# In any case, with a view to what we have attained, let us keep the same standard
"However, let us keep living by the same standard we have achieved."
# In any case
"No matter what else is true"
# what we have attained .. the same standard
The phrase "what we have attained" probably refers to the "standard" of truth. Alternate translation: "the standard of truth that we have attained ... that same standard" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]])