diff --git a/jud/01/12.md b/jud/01/12.md
index 8b99b7bc5c..aea700c670 100644
--- a/jud/01/12.md
+++ b/jud/01/12.md
@@ -34,13 +34,13 @@ As the sea's waves are blown by a strong wind, so the ungodly people are easily
 
 As wind causes wild waves to stir up dirty foam—so these men, through their false teaching and actions, shame themselves. AT: "and just as waves bring up foam and dirt, these men pollute others with their shame" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 
-# wandering stars
+# They are wandering stars
 
-Those who studied the stars in ancient times noticed that what we call planets do not move the way that stars do. AT: "disorderly stars" or "moving stars" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+Those who studied the stars in ancient times noticed that what we call planets do not move the way that stars do. AT: "They are like moving stars" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 
 # for whom the gloom of thick darkness has been reserved forever
 
-"Darkness" here is a metaphor for separation from God. AT: For them God has set aside a place of complete separation from Himself, where he will keep them forever."  (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+Here "darkness" is a metonym that represents the place of the dead or hell. Here "thick darkness" is an idiom that means "very dark." The phrase "has been reserved" can be stated in active form. AT: "and God will put them in the gloom and darkness of hell forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 
 # translationWords