diff --git a/1ch/03/01.md b/1ch/03/01.md index e74edd6c93..fd777c744e 100644 --- a/1ch/03/01.md +++ b/1ch/03/01.md @@ -2,9 +2,9 @@ David was a son of Jesse, who was a descendant of Judah. (See: [1 Chronicles 2:15](../02/13.md)) -# Ahinoam ... Abigail ... Maakah ... Haggith ... Abital ... Eglah +# Ahinoam ... Abigail -These are the names of women, all of whom were David's wives. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) +These are the names of women who were David's wives. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) # Daniel diff --git a/1ch/03/02.md b/1ch/03/02.md index b22bce809a..4517940fe2 100644 --- a/1ch/03/02.md +++ b/1ch/03/02.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ -# Ahinoam ... Abigail ... Maakah ... Haggith ... Abital ... Eglah +# Maakah ... Haggith -These are the names of women, all of whom were David's wives. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) +These are the names of women who were David's wives. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -# Talmai ... Shephatiah ... Ithream +# Talmai -These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) +This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) diff --git a/1ch/03/03.md b/1ch/03/03.md index b22bce809a..4d8415de52 100644 --- a/1ch/03/03.md +++ b/1ch/03/03.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ -# Ahinoam ... Abigail ... Maakah ... Haggith ... Abital ... Eglah +# Abital ... Eglah -These are the names of women, all of whom were David's wives. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) +These are the names of women who were David's wives. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -# Talmai ... Shephatiah ... Ithream +# Shephatiah ... Ithream These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) diff --git a/1ch/03/06.md b/1ch/03/06.md index 23e888d426..6b15236956 100644 --- a/1ch/03/06.md +++ b/1ch/03/06.md @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -# General Information: +# Ibhar, Elishua, Eliphelet -All of the names in this list except Tamar are the names of men. Tamar is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) +These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) diff --git a/1ch/03/07.md b/1ch/03/07.md index e69de29bb2..eaba771e7b 100644 --- a/1ch/03/07.md +++ b/1ch/03/07.md @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +# Nogah, Nepheg, Japhia + +These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1ch/03/08.md b/1ch/03/08.md index e69de29bb2..a42be5f36b 100644 --- a/1ch/03/08.md +++ b/1ch/03/08.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +# Elishama, Eliada ... Eliphelet +These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1ch/03/09.md b/1ch/03/09.md index e69de29bb2..c1d425e00f 100644 --- a/1ch/03/09.md +++ b/1ch/03/09.md @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +# Tamar + +This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1ch/03/11.md b/1ch/03/11.md index e69de29bb2..c614907355 100644 --- a/1ch/03/11.md +++ b/1ch/03/11.md @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +# General Information: + +This continues the list of David's descendants who became king. All of the names in this list are the names of men. Form these sentences as you did starting in [1 Chronicles 3:10](./10.md). \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1ch/03/12.md b/1ch/03/12.md index af854a4e75..1218072bdc 100644 --- a/1ch/03/12.md +++ b/1ch/03/12.md @@ -1,3 +1,7 @@ +# General Information: + +This continues the list of David's descendants who became king. All of the names in this list are the names of men. Form these sentences as you did starting in [1 Chronicles 3:10](./10.md). + # Azariah This was another name for Uzziah, the better-known name for this king. Translators may decide to use "Uzziah" everywhere for this king. diff --git a/1ch/03/14.md b/1ch/03/14.md index e69de29bb2..c614907355 100644 --- a/1ch/03/14.md +++ b/1ch/03/14.md @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +# General Information: + +This continues the list of David's descendants who became king. All of the names in this list are the names of men. Form these sentences as you did starting in [1 Chronicles 3:10](./10.md). \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1ch/03/16.md b/1ch/03/16.md index e69de29bb2..c614907355 100644 --- a/1ch/03/16.md +++ b/1ch/03/16.md @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +# General Information: + +This continues the list of David's descendants who became king. All of the names in this list are the names of men. Form these sentences as you did starting in [1 Chronicles 3:10](./10.md). \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1ch/03/17.md b/1ch/03/17.md index 7726350fe8..6e2f0b6bc8 100644 --- a/1ch/03/17.md +++ b/1ch/03/17.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ -# General Information: +# Jehoiachin ... Shealtiel -All of the names in this list are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) +These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) # Jehoiachin diff --git a/1ch/03/18.md b/1ch/03/18.md index e69de29bb2..cc1ffa4f27 100644 --- a/1ch/03/18.md +++ b/1ch/03/18.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +# General Information: +These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1ch/03/20.md b/1ch/03/20.md index e69de29bb2..1ecc839ccd 100644 --- a/1ch/03/20.md +++ b/1ch/03/20.md @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +# General information + +These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1ch/03/21.md b/1ch/03/21.md index 38c7931950..1a59682510 100644 --- a/1ch/03/21.md +++ b/1ch/03/21.md @@ -1,3 +1,7 @@ +# General information + +These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) + # Obadiah This man has the same name as the prophet Obadiah but is a different person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) diff --git a/1ch/03/23.md b/1ch/03/23.md index e69de29bb2..1ecc839ccd 100644 --- a/1ch/03/23.md +++ b/1ch/03/23.md @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +# General information + +These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1ch/03/24.md b/1ch/03/24.md index e69de29bb2..1ecc839ccd 100644 --- a/1ch/03/24.md +++ b/1ch/03/24.md @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +# General information + +These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1ch/04/01.md b/1ch/04/01.md index e6c8c3a1d8..e5488eaabd 100644 --- a/1ch/04/01.md +++ b/1ch/04/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ # General Information: -All of the names in this list except the Zorathites are the names of men. Zorathites is the name of a people group who took their name from the town of Zorah where they lived. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) +All of the names in this list are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) diff --git a/1ch/04/02.md b/1ch/04/02.md index e69de29bb2..8cd4a96ba5 100644 --- a/1ch/04/02.md +++ b/1ch/04/02.md @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +# General Information: + +All of the names in this list except the Zorathites are the names of men. Zorathites is the name of a people group who took their name from the town of Zorah where they lived. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1ch/04/03.md b/1ch/04/03.md index 6743045594..9923c1b952 100644 --- a/1ch/04/03.md +++ b/1ch/04/03.md @@ -1,10 +1,6 @@ -# Etam ... Gedor ... Hushah +# Jezreel ... Ishma ... Idbash -These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) - -# Jezreel ... Ishma ... Idbash ... Peniel ... Ezer ... Hur ... Ephrathah - -These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) +These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) # Hazzelelponi diff --git a/1ch/04/04.md b/1ch/04/04.md index 49a798bb7d..0f53921ebe 100644 --- a/1ch/04/04.md +++ b/1ch/04/04.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ -# Etam ... Gedor ... Hushah +# Gedor ... Hushah These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -# Jezreel ... Ishma ... Idbash ... Peniel ... Ezer ... Hur ... Ephrathah +# Peniel ... Ezer ... Hur These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) diff --git a/1ch/04/05.md b/1ch/04/05.md index ecb8993b41..cc6231f1f0 100644 --- a/1ch/04/05.md +++ b/1ch/04/05.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Ashhur ... Tekoa -See how you translated these men's names in [1 Chronicles 2:24](../02/23.md). +See how you translated these men's names in [1 Chronicles 2:24](../02/24.md). # Helah ... Naarah diff --git a/1ch/04/06.md b/1ch/04/06.md index dd2aba7473..7d4f25ff75 100644 --- a/1ch/04/06.md +++ b/1ch/04/06.md @@ -1,12 +1,11 @@ -# Ahuzzam ... Hepher ... Zereth ... Zohar ... Ethnan ... Koz ... Anub ... Hazzobebah ... Aharhel ... Harum +# Ahuzzam ... Hepher -These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) - -# Temeni ... Haahashtari - -These are understood here as the names of men. However, some versions understand them as the names of clans that were begun by the sons of Ashhur. +These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) # bore him "gave birth to his sons" +# Temeni ... Haahashtari + +These are understood here as the names of men. However, some versions understand them as the names of clans that were begun by the sons of Ashhur. diff --git a/1ch/04/07.md b/1ch/04/07.md index 73c8835b53..da31056adc 100644 --- a/1ch/04/07.md +++ b/1ch/04/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -# Ahuzzam ... Hepher ... Zereth ... Zohar ... Ethnan ... Koz ... Anub ... Hazzobebah ... Aharhel ... Harum +# Zereth ... Zohar ... Ethnan -These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) +These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) diff --git a/1ch/04/08.md b/1ch/04/08.md index 3a5ae1e1ef..4822810953 100644 --- a/1ch/04/08.md +++ b/1ch/04/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -# Ahuzzam ... Hepher ... Zereth ... Zohar ... Ethnan ... Koz ... Anub ... Hazzobebah ... Aharhel ... Harum +# Koz ... Anub ... Hazzobebah ... Aharhel ... Harum These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) diff --git a/2ch/21/07.md b/2ch/21/07.md index 949eb5d9e8..2a26312495 100644 --- a/2ch/21/07.md +++ b/2ch/21/07.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # the house of David -The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Judah. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 3:18](../../2ch/03/18.md). Alternate translation: "the kingdom of Judah" or "the people of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) +The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Judah. See how you translated this in [2 Chronicles 10:19](../10/17.md). Alternate translation: "the kingdom of Judah" or "the people of Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) # he had promised that he would always give life to him and his descendants diff --git a/act/05/intro.md b/act/05/intro.md index bed5e51569..9434b962a3 100644 --- a/act/05/intro.md +++ b/act/05/intro.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ ##### "Satan filled your heart to lie to the Holy Spirit" ##### -No one knows for sure if Ananias and Sapphira were truly Christians when they decided to lie about the land that they sold ([Acts 5:1-10](./01.md)), because Luke does not say. He does say that they were among "those who believed" ([Luke 4:32](../04/32.md)). However, Peter knew that they lied to the believers, and he knew that they had listened to and obeyed Satan. +No one knows for sure if Ananias and Sapphira were truly Christians when they decided to lie about the land that they sold ([Acts 5:1-10](./01.md)), because Luke does not say. However, Peter knew that they lied to the believers, and he knew that they had listened to and obeyed Satan. When they lied to the believers, they also lied to the Holy Spirit. This is because the Holy Spirit lives inside believers. diff --git a/heb/08/05.md b/heb/08/05.md index 04d8e49258..6725fad48b 100644 --- a/heb/08/05.md +++ b/heb/08/05.md @@ -1,10 +1,5 @@ -# a copy and shadow - -These words have similar meanings to emphasize that the tabernacle was merely an image of the real tabernacle in heaven. Alternate translation: "a vague image" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]]) - -# shadow of the heavenly things - -The author speaks of the earthly temple, which is a copy of the heavenly temple, as if it were a shadow. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) +# They serve a copy and shadow of the heavenly things +The words "copy" and "shadow" have similar meanings and are metaphors meaning that something is not the real thing but it is similar to the real thing. These words emphasize that the priesthood and the earthly temple were images of Christ, the true high priest, and the heavenly temple. Alternate translation: "They serve what is a vague image of the heavenly things" or "They serve what is only similar to the heavenly things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]]) # It is just as Moses was warned by God when he was diff --git a/mat/21/43.md b/mat/21/43.md index a5a7d0cc33..9a71e7328b 100644 --- a/mat/21/43.md +++ b/mat/21/43.md @@ -4,17 +4,13 @@ This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. # to you -Here "you" is plural. Jesus was speaking to the religious leaders and also to the Jewish people in general. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) +Here "you" is plural. Jesus was speaking to the religious leaders who had rejected him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) # the kingdom of God will be taken away from you and will be given to a nation -Here "kingdom of God" refers to God's rule as king. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will take his kingdom away from you and will give it to a nation" or "God will reject you, the Jewish people, and he will be king over people from other nations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) - -# will be taken away from you - -No one is sure if Jesus meant that God would someday give the kingdom back or that he would never give it back. Your translation should allow both possible understandings. +Here "kingdom of God" refers to God's rule as king. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will take his kingdom away from you and will give it to a nation" or "God will reject you and he will be king over people from other nations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) # that produces its fruits -"Fruits" here is a metaphor for "results" or outcome." Alternate translation: "that produces good results" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) +"Fruits" here is a metaphor for "results" or outcome." Alternate translation: "that produces good results" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) diff --git a/rom/01/24.md b/rom/01/24.md index 182a002cf6..eba9883f19 100644 --- a/rom/01/24.md +++ b/rom/01/24.md @@ -6,9 +6,9 @@ "God allowed them to indulge in" -# them ... their ... themselves ... they +# them ... their ... themselves -the "mankind" of [Romans 1:18](./18.md) +These words refer to the "mankind" of [Romans 1:18](./18.md). # the lusts of their hearts for uncleanness diff --git a/rom/01/25.md b/rom/01/25.md index 4323f5fcaa..b99828fe40 100644 --- a/rom/01/25.md +++ b/rom/01/25.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ -# them ... their ... themselves ... they +# they -the "mankind" of [Romans 1:18](./18.md) +This word refers to the "mankind" of [Romans 1:18](./18.md). # who worshiped and served the creation diff --git a/rom/02/26.md b/rom/02/26.md index b944dfffc6..eb4f515d85 100644 --- a/rom/02/26.md +++ b/rom/02/26.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ "obeys what God commands in the law" -# will not his uncircumcision be considered as circumcision? And will not the one who is naturally uncircumcised condemn you ... the law? +# will not his uncircumcision be considered as circumcision? -Paul asks two questions here to emphasize that circumcision is not what makes one right before God. You can translate these questions as statements in an active form. Alternate translation: "God will consider him as circumcised. The one who is not physically circumcised will condemn you ... the law." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) +This is the first of two questions Paul asks here to emphasize that circumcision is not what makes one right before God. You can translate this question as a statement in an active form. Alternate translation: "God will consider him as circumcised." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) diff --git a/rom/02/27.md b/rom/02/27.md index 047b659bf2..e156358b23 100644 --- a/rom/02/27.md +++ b/rom/02/27.md @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -# will not his uncircumcision be considered as circumcision? And will not the one who is naturally uncircumcised condemn you ... the law? +# And will not the one who is naturally uncircumcised condemn you ... the law? -Paul asks two questions here to emphasize that circumcision is not what makes one right before God. You can translate these questions as statements in an active form. Alternate translation: "God will consider him as circumcised. The one who is not physically circumcised will condemn you ... the law." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) +This is the second of two questions that Paul asks here (the first is in Romans 2:26 (./26.md)) to emphasize that circumcision is not what makes one right before God. You can translate this questions as a statement in an active form. Alternate translation: "The one who is not physically circumcised will condemn you ... the law." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) diff --git a/rom/03/15.md b/rom/03/15.md index fbe901cd1c..48bed8595e 100644 --- a/rom/03/15.md +++ b/rom/03/15.md @@ -1,8 +1,7 @@ -# Their ... their ... These people ... their - -These words refer to the Jews and Greeks in [Romans 3:9](./09.md). - # Their feet are swift to pour out blood Here "feet" is a synecdoche that represents the people themselves. The word "blood" is a metaphor that refers to killing people. Alternate translation: "They are in a hurry to harm and murder people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) +# Their feet + +The word "their" refers to the Jews and Greeks in [Romans 3:9](./09.md). diff --git a/rom/03/16.md b/rom/03/16.md index 06482aa9e2..2cded2bb71 100644 --- a/rom/03/16.md +++ b/rom/03/16.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ -# Their ... their ... These people ... their +# their paths -These words refer to the Jews and Greeks in [Romans 3:9](./09.md). +The word "their" refers to the Jews and Greeks in [Romans 3:9](./09.md). # Destruction and suffering are in their paths diff --git a/rom/03/17.md b/rom/03/17.md index 9a537b3c94..955651d208 100644 --- a/rom/03/17.md +++ b/rom/03/17.md @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -# Their ... their ... These people ... their +# These people These words refer to the Jews and Greeks in [Romans 3:9](./09.md). diff --git a/rom/03/18.md b/rom/03/18.md index 5ff7e07478..e610fe8dee 100644 --- a/rom/03/18.md +++ b/rom/03/18.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ -# Their ... their ... These people ... their +# their -These words refer to the Jews and Greeks in [Romans 3:9](./09.md). +This word refers to the Jews and Greeks in [Romans 3:9](./09.md). # There is no fear of God before their eyes diff --git a/rom/04/07.md b/rom/04/07.md index 8c469d6217..270dea26e1 100644 --- a/rom/04/07.md +++ b/rom/04/07.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ -# whose lawless deeds are forgiven ... whose sins are covered ... against whom the Lord will not count sin - -The same concept is stated in three different ways. You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "the Lord has forgiven those who have broken the law ... whose sins the Lord has covered ... whose sins the Lord will not count" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) +# whose lawless deeds are forgiven ... whose sins are covered +The same concept is stated in two different ways. You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "the Lord has forgiven those who have broken the law ... whose sins the Lord has covered" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) diff --git a/rom/04/08.md b/rom/04/08.md index 8c469d6217..2b965f02cc 100644 --- a/rom/04/08.md +++ b/rom/04/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,5 @@ -# whose lawless deeds are forgiven ... whose sins are covered ... against whom the Lord will not count sin +# whose sins are covered -The same concept is stated in three different ways. You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "the Lord has forgiven those who have broken the law ... whose sins the Lord has covered ... whose sins the Lord will not count" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) + +The same concept that is stated as "whose lawless deeds are forgiven ... whose sins are covered" in Romans 4:7 (./07.md) is stated in yet another way here. You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "whose sins the Lord has covered" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) diff --git a/rom/05/03.md b/rom/05/03.md index 88b6581b50..30bdf9e14f 100644 --- a/rom/05/03.md +++ b/rom/05/03.md @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ The word "this" refers to the ideas described in [Romans 5:1-2](./01.md). -# we ... our ... us +# we ... our ... We -All occurrences of "we," "our," and "us" refer to all believers and should be inclusive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]]) +These words refer to all believers and should be inclusive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]]) diff --git a/rom/05/05.md b/rom/05/05.md index 0fa5ad725c..66e49e4390 100644 --- a/rom/05/05.md +++ b/rom/05/05.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ -# we ... our ... us +# our ... us -All occurrences of "we," "our," and "us" refer to all believers and should be inclusive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]]) +These words refer to all believers and should be inclusive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]]) # that hope does not disappoint diff --git a/rom/07/07.md b/rom/07/07.md index 4d69ddd0ea..5f5bad9948 100644 --- a/rom/07/07.md +++ b/rom/07/07.md @@ -6,9 +6,9 @@ Paul is introducing a new topic. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion "Of course that is not true!" This expression gives the strongest possible negative answer to the preceding rhetorical question. You may have a similar expression in your language that you could use here. See how you translated this in [Romans 9:14](../09/14.md). -# I would never have known sin, if it were not through the law ... But sin took the opportunity ... brought about every lust +# I would never have known sin, if it were not through the law -Paul is comparing sin to a person who can act. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) +Paul is speaking of sin as if it were a person who can act. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) # sin diff --git a/rom/07/08.md b/rom/07/08.md index 67dcfabd81..5537f921bc 100644 --- a/rom/07/08.md +++ b/rom/07/08.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ -# I would never have known sin, if it were not through the law ... But sin took the opportunity ... brought about every lust +# But sin took the opportunity ... brought about every lust -Paul is comparing sin to a person who can act. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) +Paul continues comparing sin to a person who can act. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) # lust diff --git a/rom/08/20.md b/rom/08/20.md index b5e6c0b38b..90ef052241 100644 --- a/rom/08/20.md +++ b/rom/08/20.md @@ -6,7 +6,4 @@ You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "For God caused Here Paul describes "creation" as a person who can desire. Alternate translation: "not because this is what the created things wanted, but because it is what God wanted" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) -# in the certain hope that the creation itself will be delivered - -You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "Because God knew that he would save creation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) diff --git a/rom/08/21.md b/rom/08/21.md index c51f7e6bf2..2baf9c8dbf 100644 --- a/rom/08/21.md +++ b/rom/08/21.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ -# in the certain hope that the creation itself will be delivered +# the creation itself will be delivered -You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "Because God knew that he would save creation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) +You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "God will save creation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) # from slavery to decay diff --git a/rom/09/10.md b/rom/09/10.md index d30d566dd6..e143549a50 100644 --- a/rom/09/10.md +++ b/rom/09/10.md @@ -1,7 +1,3 @@ -# our father Isaac ... It is just - -In your culture you may need to place 9:11 after 9:12 to make them easier to understand. Alternate translation: "our father Isaac, it was said to her, 'The older will serve the younger.' Now the children were not yet born ... because of him who calls. It is just" - # our father Paul refers to Isaac as "our father" because Isaac was the ancestor of Paul and of the Jewish believers in Rome. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]]) diff --git a/rom/09/12.md b/rom/09/12.md index 61f7b9c897..18d05544d7 100644 --- a/rom/09/12.md +++ b/rom/09/12.md @@ -1,3 +1,6 @@ +# Connecting Statement: +It may be necessary in your language to place this verse between verse 10 and verse 11: "our father Isaac,it was said to her, 'The older will serve the younger.' Now the children were not yet born and had not yet done anything good or bad, but so that the purpose of God according to choice might stand—not because of actions, but because of him who calls. It is just" + # it was said to her, "The older will serve the younger." "God said to Rebecca, 'The older son will serve the younger son'" diff --git a/rom/09/13.md b/rom/09/13.md index 6315b82290..ff8891c39a 100644 --- a/rom/09/13.md +++ b/rom/09/13.md @@ -1,7 +1,3 @@ -# our father Isaac ... It is just - -In your culture you may need to place 9:11 after 9:12 to make them easier to understand. Alternate translation: "our father Isaac, it was said to her, 'The older will serve the younger.' Now the children were not yet born ... because of him who calls. It is just" - # Jacob I loved, but Esau I hated The word "hated" is an exaggeration. God loved Jacob much more than he loved Esau. He did not literally hate Esau. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]]) diff --git a/rom/09/21.md b/rom/09/21.md index 89053e8678..0f08fb1031 100644 --- a/rom/09/21.md +++ b/rom/09/21.md @@ -1,4 +1,2 @@ -# Will what has been molded say ... daily use? - -Paul uses the potter's right to make any kind of container he wants from the clay as a metaphor for the creator's right to do whatever he wants with his creation. Paul asks these questions to emphasize his point. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) - +# Does the potter not have the right ... for daily use? +This rhetorical question is a rebuke. Alternative translation: "The potter certainlly has the right ... for daily use." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/rom/09/22.md b/rom/09/22.md index 49c3913b9a..6ee0923b0a 100644 --- a/rom/09/22.md +++ b/rom/09/22.md @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -# containers of wrath ... containers of mercy +# containers of wrath -Paul speaks of people as if they were containers. Alternate translation: "people who deserve wrath ... people who deserve mercy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) +Paul speaks of people as if they were containers. Alternate translation: "people who deserve wrath" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) diff --git a/rom/09/23.md b/rom/09/23.md index df494cad5a..bd81a54818 100644 --- a/rom/09/23.md +++ b/rom/09/23.md @@ -2,9 +2,9 @@ The words "he" and "his" here refer to God. -# containers of wrath ... containers of mercy +# containers of mercy -Paul speaks of people as if they were containers. Alternate translation: "people who deserve wrath ... people who deserve mercy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) +Paul speaks of people as if they were containers. Alternate translation: "people who deserve mercy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) # the riches of his glory upon diff --git a/rom/10/15.md b/rom/10/15.md index 2025783b1d..439b7b1f45 100644 --- a/rom/10/15.md +++ b/rom/10/15.md @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -# How beautiful are the feet of those who proclaim glad tidings of good things +# How beautiful are the feet of those who proclaim good news Paul uses "feet" to represent those who travel and bring the message to those who have not heard it. Alternate translation: "It is wonderful when messengers come and tell us the good news" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) diff --git a/rom/12/20.md b/rom/12/20.md index a34a5acb6f..09b202fdef 100644 --- a/rom/12/20.md +++ b/rom/12/20.md @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -# your enemy ... feed him ... give him a drink ... if you do this, you will heap ... Do not be overcome by evil, but overcome evil +# your enemy ... feed him ... give him a drink ... if you do this, you will heap All forms of "you" and "your" are addressed as to one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) diff --git a/rom/12/21.md b/rom/12/21.md index fc90910257..b035743553 100644 --- a/rom/12/21.md +++ b/rom/12/21.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ -# your enemy ... feed him ... give him a drink ... if you do this, you will heap ... Do not be overcome by evil, but overcome evil - -All forms of "you" and "your" are addressed as to one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) - # Do not be overcome by evil, but overcome evil with good Paul describes "evil" as though it were a person. You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "Do not let those who are evil defeat you, but defeat those who are evil by doing what is good" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) +# Do not be overcome by evil, but overcome evil + +These verbs are addressed as to one person and so are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) + diff --git a/rom/13/06.md b/rom/13/06.md index 3a8b1bab8c..ac98230f4a 100644 --- a/rom/13/06.md +++ b/rom/13/06.md @@ -2,9 +2,9 @@ "Because the government punishes evildoers" -# you ... Pay to everyone +# you pay -Paul is addressing the believers here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) +Paul is addressing the believers here, so this is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) # For authorities diff --git a/rom/13/07.md b/rom/13/07.md index 1a0d6a1dde..489237ea5c 100644 --- a/rom/13/07.md +++ b/rom/13/07.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ -# you ... Pay to everyone +# Pay to everyone -Paul is addressing the believers here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) +Paul is addressing the believers here, so this is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) # Tax to whom tax is due, toll to whom toll is due; fear to whom fear is due, honor to whom honor is due. diff --git a/rom/14/07.md b/rom/14/07.md index 5995fab4b5..46c94ccc5f 100644 --- a/rom/14/07.md +++ b/rom/14/07.md @@ -2,11 +2,11 @@ Here "lives for himself" means to live only to please oneself. Alternate translation: "None of us should live merely to please ourselves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) +# none of us + +Paul is including his readers, so this is inclusive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]]) + # none dies for himself This means one's death affects other people. Alternate translation: "none of us should think that when we die, it affects only us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -# us ... we - -Paul is including his readers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]]) - diff --git a/rom/14/08.md b/rom/14/08.md index 4a8bca74af..89edddfd10 100644 --- a/rom/14/08.md +++ b/rom/14/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -# us ... we +# General Information: -Paul is including his readers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]]) +Paul is speaking of both himself and his readers, so all instances of "we" are inclusive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]]) diff --git a/rom/15/08.md b/rom/15/08.md index 53e2962496..3472dbbaef 100644 --- a/rom/15/08.md +++ b/rom/15/08.md @@ -6,9 +6,9 @@ The word "I" refers to Paul. Here "the circumcision" is a metonym that refers to the Jews. You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "Jesus Christ has become a servant of the Jews" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -# in order to confirm the promises ... and for the Gentiles to glorify God for his mercy +# in order to confirm the promises -These are the two purposes for which Christ became a servant of the circumcision. Alternate translation: "in order to confirm the promises ... and in order that the Gentiles might glorify God for his mercy" +This is one of the two purposes for which Christ became a servant of the circumcision. # the promises given to the fathers diff --git a/rom/15/09.md b/rom/15/09.md index 187883fbcb..c4a224c1d4 100644 --- a/rom/15/09.md +++ b/rom/15/09.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ -# in order to confirm the promises ... and for the Gentiles to glorify God for his mercy +# and for the Gentiles to glorify God for his mercy -These are the two purposes for which Christ became a servant of the circumcision. Alternate translation: "in order to confirm the promises ... and in order that the Gentiles might glorify God for his mercy" +This is the second reason for which Christ became a servant of the circumcision. Alternate translation: "and in order that the Gentiles might glorify God for his mercy" # As it is written diff --git a/rom/15/18.md b/rom/15/18.md index 5e4088024e..4a945111a0 100644 --- a/rom/15/18.md +++ b/rom/15/18.md @@ -1,4 +1,7 @@ -# For I will not dare to speak of anything ... These are things done by word and action, by the power of signs and wonders, and by the power of the Holy Spirit +# for the obedience of the Gentiles -You can translate this double negative in a positive form. Here "these are things" refers to what Christ has accomplished through Paul. Alternate translation: "For the sake of the obedience of the Gentiles, I will only speak of what Christ has accomplished through me in my words and actions and by the power of signs and wonders through the power of the Holy Spirit" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) +"so that the Gentiles will obey God" +# These are things done by word and action + +This can be translated in active form: Alternative translation: Alternative translation: "These are things that Christ has accomplished through what I have said and done" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) diff --git a/rom/15/19.md b/rom/15/19.md index 6d68dba9f3..401702a584 100644 --- a/rom/15/19.md +++ b/rom/15/19.md @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -# For I will not dare to speak of anything ... These are things done by word and action, by the power of signs and wonders, and by the power of the Holy Spirit +# by the power of signs and wonders, and by the power of the Holy Spirit You can translate this double negative in a positive form. Here "these are things" refers to what Christ has accomplished through Paul. Alternate translation: "For the sake of the obedience of the Gentiles, I will only speak of what Christ has accomplished through me in my words and actions and by the power of signs and wonders through the power of the Holy Spirit" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) diff --git a/rom/16/07.md b/rom/16/07.md index 5b6ed6817a..51a5cae3b3 100644 --- a/rom/16/07.md +++ b/rom/16/07.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ -# Andronicus ... Ampliatus +# Andronicus -These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) +This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) # Junias diff --git a/rom/16/08.md b/rom/16/08.md index 11728415e4..a763520e73 100644 --- a/rom/16/08.md +++ b/rom/16/08.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ -# Andronicus ... Ampliatus +# Ampliatus -These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) +This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) # my beloved in the Lord diff --git a/rom/16/09.md b/rom/16/09.md index 81dd79d775..22e4c9879d 100644 --- a/rom/16/09.md +++ b/rom/16/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -# Urbanus ... Stachys ... Apelles ... Aristobulus ... Herodion ... Narcissus +# Urbanus ... Stachys These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) diff --git a/rom/16/10.md b/rom/16/10.md index 50712de815..e696c3eee6 100644 --- a/rom/16/10.md +++ b/rom/16/10.md @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -# Urbanus ... Stachys ... Apelles ... Aristobulus ... Herodion ... Narcissus +# Apelles ... Aristobulus These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) diff --git a/rom/16/11.md b/rom/16/11.md index 8d72a3777c..1ccd7aa48a 100644 --- a/rom/16/11.md +++ b/rom/16/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -# Urbanus ... Stachys ... Apelles ... Aristobulus ... Herodion ... Narcissus +# Herodion ... Narcissus These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) diff --git a/rom/16/13.md b/rom/16/13.md index 42442c8784..c28291cedb 100644 --- a/rom/16/13.md +++ b/rom/16/13.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ -# Rufus ... Asyncritus ... Phlegon ... Hermes ... Patrobas ... Hermas +# Rufus -These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) +This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) # chosen in the Lord diff --git a/rom/16/14.md b/rom/16/14.md index f23941d671..ef3fa2954f 100644 --- a/rom/16/14.md +++ b/rom/16/14.md @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -# Rufus ... Asyncritus ... Phlegon ... Hermes ... Patrobas ... Hermas +# Asyncritus ... Phlegon ... Hermes ... Patrobas ... Hermas These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) diff --git a/rom/16/21.md b/rom/16/21.md index b6cdf647cc..b7157700dc 100644 --- a/rom/16/21.md +++ b/rom/16/21.md @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ Paul gives greetings from the believers who are with him. -# Lucius, Jason, and Sosipater ... Tertius +# Lucius, Jason, and Sosipater These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) diff --git a/rom/16/22.md b/rom/16/22.md index 6ec50d790a..dc75a3bcb2 100644 --- a/rom/16/22.md +++ b/rom/16/22.md @@ -1,7 +1,3 @@ -# Lucius, Jason, and Sosipater ... Tertius - -These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) - # Tertius, who write this epistle down Tertius is the man who wrote down what Paul spoke. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) diff --git a/sng/01/01.md b/sng/01/01.md index c1fed8ad38..93744c4437 100644 --- a/sng/01/01.md +++ b/sng/01/01.md @@ -1,7 +1,6 @@ # General Information: See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] -Part One of the book begins in [Song of Songs 1:2](./01.md). # The Song of Songs diff --git a/sng/01/02.md b/sng/01/02.md index 79e3a06052..8cbeb7f11b 100644 --- a/sng/01/02.md +++ b/sng/01/02.md @@ -1,3 +1,7 @@ +# General Information: + +The first part of the book begins with this verse. + # your love is better than wine "I enjoy having you near me more than I enjoy drinking wine" diff --git a/sng/02/08.md b/sng/02/08.md index 4088debbfa..78caa9a39b 100644 --- a/sng/02/08.md +++ b/sng/02/08.md @@ -1,7 +1,6 @@ # General Information: -Here begins Part Two of the book. -It is not clear whether the woman is speaking to herself or to the daughters of Jerusalem. +The second part of the book begins here. It is not clear whether the woman is speaking to herself or to the daughters of Jerusalem. # Listen @@ -11,7 +10,7 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "Listen carefully to what I am about to say." You could This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for her to refer to him as "my lover." See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:13](./12.md). Alternate translation: "my dear one" or "my lover" -# leaping ... jumping ... gazing ... peering +# leaping ... jumping The woman shows that she is excited to see the man come by using as few words as possible to describe what he is doing. Your language may have a different way of showing that the speaker is excited about what is happening. diff --git a/sng/02/09.md b/sng/02/09.md index 7d688ef28a..69e515f697 100644 --- a/sng/02/09.md +++ b/sng/02/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -# leaping ... jumping ... gazing ... peering +# gazing ... peering The woman shows that she is excited to see the man come by using as few words as possible to describe what he is doing. Your language may have a different way of showing that the speaker is excited about what is happening. diff --git a/sng/03/06.md b/sng/03/06.md index 58590ab933..e036cfaa7a 100644 --- a/sng/03/06.md +++ b/sng/03/06.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # General Information: -Here begins Part Three of the book. It begins with a description of sixty men carrying Solomon's bed up from the wilderness to Jerusalem. +The third part of the book begins here. It begins with a description of sixty men carrying Solomon's bed up from the wilderness to Jerusalem. # What is that coming up from the wilderness diff --git a/sng/05/02.md b/sng/05/02.md index 2bf8f26b45..2cf6c229d9 100644 --- a/sng/05/02.md +++ b/sng/05/02.md @@ -1,7 +1,6 @@ # General Information: -Here begins Part Four of the book -The young woman uses euphemisms to describe her dream so that it can be interpreted in two different ways: 1) the woman describes a dream about a night when the man came to visit her at her house; and 2) the woman describes a dream about starting to sleep with the man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) +The fourth part of the book begins here. The young woman uses euphemisms to describe her dream so that it can be interpreted in two different ways: 1) the woman describes a dream about a night when the man came to visit her at her house; and 2) the woman describes a dream about starting to sleep with the man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) # but my heart was awake diff --git a/sng/06/01.md b/sng/06/01.md index 896fe27cb9..4f6666d2c8 100644 --- a/sng/06/01.md +++ b/sng/06/01.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # General Information: -See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] +See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]. The fifth part of the book begins here. # In what direction has your beloved gone diff --git a/sng/08/05.md b/sng/08/05.md index 701feeee41..f755495fb5 100644 --- a/sng/08/05.md +++ b/sng/08/05.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # General Information: -Here begins Part Six of the book, the final part +The fifth part of the book begins here. # Who is this who is coming up diff --git a/tit/02/11.md b/tit/02/11.md index 5b92d1488c..983ce99eea 100644 --- a/tit/02/11.md +++ b/tit/02/11.md @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ Paul encourages Titus to look for Jesus' coming and remember his authority through Jesus. -# the grace of God has appeared ... trains us +# the grace of God has appeared -Paul speaks of the grace of God as if it were a person who goes to other people and trains them to live holy lives. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) +Paul speaks of the grace of God as if it were a person who goes to other people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) diff --git a/tit/02/12.md b/tit/02/12.md index d4fcf94339..b9bd19788e 100644 --- a/tit/02/12.md +++ b/tit/02/12.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ -# the grace of God has appeared ... trains us +# trains us -Paul speaks of the grace of God as if it were a person who goes to other people and trains them to live holy lives. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) +Paul speaks of the grace of God ([Titus 2:11] (./11.md)) as if it were a person who goes to other people and trains them to live holy lives. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) # trains us to reject godlessness diff --git a/tit/03/03.md b/tit/03/03.md index d085dbd275..21ce1f95ff 100644 --- a/tit/03/03.md +++ b/tit/03/03.md @@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ # We were led astray and enslaved by various passions and pleasures - +Passion and pleasure are spoken of as if they were masters over people and had made those people into slaves by lying to them. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "Various passions and pleasures had lied to us and so led us astray" or "We had allowed ourselves to believe the lie that various passions and pleasures could make us happy, and then we were unable to control our feelings or stop doing things we thought would give us pleasure" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) # passions diff --git a/tit/03/06.md b/tit/03/06.md index 8fc3113a00..494a9fbabd 100644 --- a/tit/03/06.md +++ b/tit/03/06.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ -# richly poured the Holy Spirit on us +# whom God richly poured on us -It is common for New Testament writers to speak of the Holy Spirit as a liquid that God can pour out in large amounts. Alternate translation: "gave the Holy Spirit to us generously" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) +It is common for New Testament writers to speak of the Holy Spirit as a liquid that God can pour out in large amounts. Alternate translation: "whom God gave to us generously" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) # through our Savior Jesus Christ diff --git a/tit/03/12.md b/tit/03/12.md index 24e67fea43..c6ed2899c9 100644 --- a/tit/03/12.md +++ b/tit/03/12.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ Paul closes the letter by telling Titus what to do after he appoints elders in C "After I send" -# Artemas ... Tychicus ... Zenas +# Artemas ... Tychicus These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) diff --git a/tit/03/13.md b/tit/03/13.md index 33d5e200e5..d1eb48bbee 100644 --- a/tit/03/13.md +++ b/tit/03/13.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ -# Artemas ... Tychicus ... Zenas +# Zenas -These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) +This is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) # Do everything you can to send diff --git a/zec/01/11.md b/zec/01/11.md index 85a6294f30..cffbc9a8d6 100644 --- a/zec/01/11.md +++ b/zec/01/11.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ -# the man who stood among the myrtle trees ... the angel of Yahweh who stood among the myrtle trees +# the man who stood among the myrtle trees -These phrases refer to the man who "was riding on a red horse" in [Zechariah 1:8](./08.md). Possible meanings are 1) the man dismounted his horse and stood or 2) the word "stood" is an idiom that means he was located in that position. Alternate translation: "the man who was among the myrtle trees ... the angel of Yahweh who was among the myrtle trees" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) +This phrase refers to the man who "was riding on a red horse" in [Zechariah 1:8](./08.md). Possible meanings are 1) the man dismounted his horse and stood or 2) the word "stood" is an idiom that means he was located in that position. Alternate translation: "the man who was among the myrtle trees" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) # These are those ... They answered ... they said diff --git a/zec/01/12.md b/zec/01/12.md index 2c0cd07bfe..cb72682783 100644 --- a/zec/01/12.md +++ b/zec/01/12.md @@ -1,3 +1,9 @@ +# the angel of Yahweh who stood among the myrtle trees + +This phrase refers to the man who "was riding on a red horse" in [Zechariah 1:8](./08.md). Possible meanings are 1) the man dismounted his horse and stood or 2) the word "stood" is an idiom that means he was located in that position. Alternate translation: "the angel of Yahweh who was among the myrtle trees" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) + + + # to Jerusalem and to the cities of Judah Here the words "Jerusalem" and "cities" refer to the people who live in those cities. Alternate translation: "to the people of Jerusalem and to the people of the cities of Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) diff --git a/zec/04/08.md b/zec/04/08.md index 4bcf691866..731cfd0add 100644 --- a/zec/04/08.md +++ b/zec/04/08.md @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ The angel who speaks with Zechariah continues to explain the vision. -# The word of Yahweh came to me, saying, "The hands +# The word of Yahweh came to me, saying -This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. Alternate translation: "Yahweh gave a message to me. He said, 'The hands" or "Yahweh spoke this message to me: 'The hands" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) +This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. Alternate translation: "Yahweh gave a message to me. He said" or "Yahweh spoke this message to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) diff --git a/zec/04/09.md b/zec/04/09.md index 8bc64ae00e..b1e8cfb552 100644 --- a/zec/04/09.md +++ b/zec/04/09.md @@ -1,7 +1,3 @@ -# The word of Yahweh came to me, saying, "The hands - -This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. Alternate translation: "Yahweh gave a message to me. He said, 'The hands" or "Yahweh spoke this message to me: 'The hands" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) - # The hands of Zerubbabel have laid ... his hands will bring it to completion Here the word "hands" represents Zerubbabel. Alternate translation: "Zerubbabel has laid ... he will bring it to completion" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) diff --git a/zec/04/10.md b/zec/04/10.md index 1b43b9e348..36ae6cb4b1 100644 --- a/zec/04/10.md +++ b/zec/04/10.md @@ -10,9 +10,9 @@ Zechariah uses this rhetorical question to speak specifically about those who ha This refers to an instrument made with a heavy object attached to the end of a string that builders used to ensure that the walls of buildings were straight. -# These seven lamps ... these two olive trees +# These seven lamps -These phrases refer to the lamps and olive trees that Zechariah saw in [Zechariah 4:2-3](./01.md). +This phrase refers to the lamps that Zechariah saw in [Zechariah 4:2-3](./01.md). # These seven lamps are the eyes of Yahweh that roam over the whole earth diff --git a/zec/04/11.md b/zec/04/11.md index 6faa98160f..e09fbfbcd8 100644 --- a/zec/04/11.md +++ b/zec/04/11.md @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -# These seven lamps ... these two olive trees +# these two olive trees -These phrases refer to the lamps and olive trees that Zechariah saw in [Zechariah 4:2-3](./01.md). +This refers to the olive trees that Zechariah saw in [Zechariah 4:2-3](./01.md). diff --git a/zec/06/09.md b/zec/06/09.md index 1d00133a89..e75e29570d 100644 --- a/zec/06/09.md +++ b/zec/06/09.md @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -# the word of Yahweh came to me, saying, "Take +# the word of Yahweh came to me, saying -This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. Alternate translation: "Yahweh gave a message to me. He said, 'Take" or "Yahweh spoke this message to me: 'Take" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) +This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. Alternate translation: "Yahweh gave a message to me. He said" or "Yahweh spoke this message to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) diff --git a/zec/06/10.md b/zec/06/10.md index a1d39229c7..3c2273f004 100644 --- a/zec/06/10.md +++ b/zec/06/10.md @@ -1,8 +1,4 @@ -# the word of Yahweh came to me, saying, "Take - -This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. Alternate translation: "Yahweh gave a message to me. He said, 'Take" or "Yahweh spoke this message to me: 'Take" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) - -# Heldai, Tobijah, and Jedaiah ... Jehozadak +# Heldai, Tobijah, and Jedaiah These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) diff --git a/zec/06/11.md b/zec/06/11.md index e5c4be138f..7f903bc53a 100644 --- a/zec/06/11.md +++ b/zec/06/11.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ -# Heldai, Tobijah, and Jedaiah ... Jehozadak +# Jehozadak -These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) +This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) # take the silver and gold, make a crown diff --git a/zec/07/04.md b/zec/07/04.md index 1f9f997ae8..1a3c453af6 100644 --- a/zec/07/04.md +++ b/zec/07/04.md @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -# the word of Yahweh of hosts came to me, saying, "Speak +# the word of Yahweh of hosts came to me, saying -This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. Alternate translation: "Yahweh of hosts gave me a message. He said, 'Speak" or "Yahweh of hosts spoke this message to me: 'Speak" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) +This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. Alternate translation: "Yahweh of hosts gave me a message. He said" or "Yahweh of hosts spoke this message to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) diff --git a/zec/07/05.md b/zec/07/05.md index 936f3314e9..45dcb4f780 100644 --- a/zec/07/05.md +++ b/zec/07/05.md @@ -1,7 +1,3 @@ -# the word of Yahweh of hosts came to me, saying, "Speak - -This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. Alternate translation: "Yahweh of hosts gave me a message. He said, 'Speak" or "Yahweh of hosts spoke this message to me: 'Speak" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) - # in the fifth and in the seventh month "in months 5 and 7" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]]) diff --git a/zec/07/08.md b/zec/07/08.md index 85215a4601..3a4fa3786d 100644 --- a/zec/07/08.md +++ b/zec/07/08.md @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -# The word of Yahweh came to Zechariah, saying, "Yahweh +# The word of Yahweh came to Zechariah, saying -This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. Alternate translation: "Yahweh gave a message to Zechariah. He said, 'Yahweh" or "Yahweh spoke this message to Zechariah: 'Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) +This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. Alternate translation: "Yahweh gave a message to Zechariah. He said" or "Yahweh spoke this message to Zechariah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) diff --git a/zec/07/09.md b/zec/07/09.md index 7592e7cfac..31bb59f2bd 100644 --- a/zec/07/09.md +++ b/zec/07/09.md @@ -1,7 +1,3 @@ -# The word of Yahweh came to Zechariah, saying, "Yahweh - -This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. Alternate translation: "Yahweh gave a message to Zechariah. He said, 'Yahweh" or "Yahweh spoke this message to Zechariah: 'Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) - # Judge with true justice, covenant faithfulness, and mercy The abstract nouns "justice," "faithfulness," and "mercy" can be stated as adjectives. Alternate translation: "When you judge, be just, faithful to the covenant, and merciful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) diff --git a/zec/08/01.md b/zec/08/01.md index 9dd3d26e22..fe440b7b62 100644 --- a/zec/08/01.md +++ b/zec/08/01.md @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -# The word of Yahweh of hosts came to me, saying, "Yahweh +# The word of Yahweh of hosts came to me, saying -This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated this in [Zechariah 7:4](../07/04.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh of hosts gave me a message. He said, 'Yahweh" or "Yahweh of hosts spoke this message to me, saying, 'Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) +This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated this in [Zechariah 7:4](../07/04.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh of hosts gave me a message. He said" or "Yahweh of hosts spoke this message to me, saying" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) diff --git a/zec/08/02.md b/zec/08/02.md index d3e930307f..fe8da50490 100644 --- a/zec/08/02.md +++ b/zec/08/02.md @@ -1,7 +1,3 @@ -# The word of Yahweh of hosts came to me, saying, "Yahweh - -This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated this in [Zechariah 7:4](../07/04.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh of hosts gave me a message. He said, 'Yahweh" or "Yahweh of hosts spoke this message to me, saying, 'Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) - # I am passionate for Zion "I have a strong desire to protect Zion" diff --git a/zec/08/18.md b/zec/08/18.md index d602b00e30..32876b5376 100644 --- a/zec/08/18.md +++ b/zec/08/18.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ -# the word of Yahweh of hosts came to me, saying, "Yahweh +# the word of Yahweh of hosts came to me, saying -This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated this in [Zechariah 7:4](../07/04.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh of hosts gave me a message. He said, 'Yahweh" or "Yahweh of hosts spoke this message to me, saying, 'Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) +This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated this in [Zechariah 7:4](../07/04.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh of hosts gave me a message. He said" or "Yahweh of hosts spoke this message to me, saying" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) # came to me diff --git a/zec/08/19.md b/zec/08/19.md index 78dc3c9fe8..23ab7c7b67 100644 --- a/zec/08/19.md +++ b/zec/08/19.md @@ -1,7 +1,3 @@ -# the word of Yahweh of hosts came to me, saying, "Yahweh - -This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated this in [Zechariah 7:4](../07/04.md). Alternate translation: "Yahweh of hosts gave me a message. He said, 'Yahweh" or "Yahweh of hosts spoke this message to me, saying, 'Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) - # The fasts of the fourth month, the fifth month, the seventh month, and the tenth month "The fasts of months 4, 5, 7, and 10" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]]) diff --git a/zec/09/11.md b/zec/09/11.md index 409236c6e5..e5bacc4f68 100644 --- a/zec/09/11.md +++ b/zec/09/11.md @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ Yahweh appears to be the speaker in verses 9-13. -# As for you ... Zion +# As for you Here "you" is singular, and continues to refer to the city of Jerusalem, also called "Zion." diff --git a/zec/09/13.md b/zec/09/13.md index 699bc87694..4d27f47b56 100644 --- a/zec/09/13.md +++ b/zec/09/13.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ -# As for you ... Zion +# Zion -Here "you" is singular, and continues to refer to the city of Jerusalem, also called "Zion." +This refers to the city of Jerusalem, also called "Zion." # I have bent Judah as my bow diff --git a/zec/12/12.md b/zec/12/12.md index 3ce67d2964..262d1e6b8a 100644 --- a/zec/12/12.md +++ b/zec/12/12.md @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ This represents all the people living in the land of Judah. Alternate translation: "All the people in the land of Judah will mourn" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -# The clan of the house of David ... The clan of the house of Nathan ... The clan of the house of Levi +# The clan of the house of David ... The clan of the house of Nathan -Here "house" represents descendants. Alternate translation: "The descendants of David ... The descendants of Nathan ... The descendants of Levi" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) +Here "house" represents descendants. Alternate translation: "The descendants of David ... The descendants of Nathan" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) diff --git a/zec/12/13.md b/zec/12/13.md index 5c7e892670..09cab6bf26 100644 --- a/zec/12/13.md +++ b/zec/12/13.md @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -# The clan of the house of David ... The clan of the house of Nathan ... The clan of the house of Levi +# The clan of the house of Levi -Here "house" represents descendants. Alternate translation: "The descendants of David ... The descendants of Nathan ... The descendants of Levi" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) +Here "house" represents descendants. Alternate translation: "The descendants of Levi" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) diff --git a/zec/13/07.md b/zec/13/07.md index 518a52224a..3ce1a8d670 100644 --- a/zec/13/07.md +++ b/zec/13/07.md @@ -1,7 +1,6 @@ # General Information: -Zechariah often wrote prophecy in the form of poetry. Hebrew poetry uses different kinds of parallelism. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) -Here Yahweh begins speaking. +Zechariah often wrote prophecy in the form of poetry. Hebrew poetry uses different kinds of parallelism. Here Yahweh begins speaking. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) # Sword! Rouse yourself against my shepherd diff --git a/zep/01/02.md b/zep/01/02.md index 86f6246203..1afb3970e3 100644 --- a/zep/01/02.md +++ b/zep/01/02.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ -# I will utterly destroy everything from off the surface of the earth ... I will cut off man from the surface of the earth +# I will utterly destroy everything from off the surface of the earth -The words "everything" and "will cut off man" are deliberate exaggerations by Yahweh to express his anger at the people's sin. Yahweh will destroy neither sinners who repent nor all living things nor. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]]) +The words "everything" and "will cut off man" are deliberate exaggerations by Yahweh to express his anger at the people's sin. Yahweh will destroy neither sinners who repent nor all living things. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]]) # destroy everything from off the surface of the earth diff --git a/zep/01/03.md b/zep/01/03.md index 55faa01044..3036f92381 100644 --- a/zep/01/03.md +++ b/zep/01/03.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ -# I will utterly destroy everything from off the surface of the earth ... I will cut off man from the surface of the earth +# I will cut off man from the surface of the earth -The words "everything" and "will cut off man" are deliberate exaggerations by Yahweh to express his anger at the people's sin. Yahweh will destroy neither sinners who repent nor all living things nor. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]]) +"I will kill all people." This is a hyperbole, as in [Zephaniah 1:2] (./02.md). # man and beast diff --git a/zep/01/04.md b/zep/01/04.md index 414f846819..69b14132a7 100644 --- a/zep/01/04.md +++ b/zep/01/04.md @@ -6,9 +6,9 @@ Verses 1:2-18 refer to Yahweh's judgment. Verses 1:4-16 describe Yahweh's judgme This is an idiom that means God will punish. Alternate translation: "I will punish Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -# I will cut off every remnant ... the names of the idolatrous people among the priests ... the people who on the housetops ... the people who worship and swear +# I will cut off every remnant ... the names of the idolatrous people among the priests -The verb "cut off" applies to each of these phrases, but has been used only once to avoid repetition. Alternate translation: "I will cut off every remnant ... I will cut off the names of the idolatrous people among the priests ... I will cut off the people who on the housetops ... I will cut off the people who worship and swear" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) +The verb "cut off" applies to each of these phrases, but has been used only once to avoid repetition. Alternate translation: "I will cut off every remnant ... I will cut off the names of the idolatrous people among the priests" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) # cut off diff --git a/zep/01/05.md b/zep/01/05.md index 099ef1cc42..8eb8f7c27d 100644 --- a/zep/01/05.md +++ b/zep/01/05.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ -# I will cut off every remnant ... the names of the idolatrous people among the priests ... the people who on the housetops ... the people who worship and swear +# the people who on the housetops ... the people who worship and swear -The verb "cut off" applies to each of these phrases, but has been used only once to avoid repetition. Alternate translation: "I will cut off every remnant ... I will cut off the names of the idolatrous people among the priests ... I will cut off the people who on the housetops ... I will cut off the people who worship and swear" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) +The verb "cut off" ([Zechariah 1:4] (./04.md)) applies to these phrases, but has been used only once to avoid repetition. Alternate translation: "I will cut off the people who on the housetops ... I will cut off the people who worship and swear" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) # by their king diff --git a/zep/01/07.md b/zep/01/07.md index 997bceccd6..a5dd76c692 100644 --- a/zep/01/07.md +++ b/zep/01/07.md @@ -1,7 +1,6 @@ # General Information: Verses 1:2-18 refer to Yahweh's judgment. Verses 1:4-16 describe Yahweh's judgment on the people of Judah. -In verses 1:8-13, Yahweh is speaking. He alternates between using first person and speaking about himself in the third person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) # Be silent diff --git a/zep/01/08.md b/zep/01/08.md index 15d67d80dc..178870c215 100644 --- a/zep/01/08.md +++ b/zep/01/08.md @@ -1,3 +1,7 @@ +# General Information: + +In verses 1:8-13, Yahweh is speaking. He alternates between using first person and speaking about himself in the third person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) + # It will come about This phrase is used to mark the point at which Yahweh's judgment of Judah will begin. diff --git a/zep/01/12.md b/zep/01/12.md index 1cfabaa789..4a88aa3187 100644 --- a/zep/01/12.md +++ b/zep/01/12.md @@ -1,7 +1,6 @@ # General Information: Verses 1:2-18 refer to Yahweh's judgment. Verses 1:4-16 describe Yahweh's judgment on the people of Judah. -In verses 1:8-13, Yahweh is speaking. He alternates between using first person and speaking about himself in the third person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) # It will come about at that time diff --git a/zep/03/09.md b/zep/03/09.md index 87758e4f49..a6b54dc61b 100644 --- a/zep/03/09.md +++ b/zep/03/09.md @@ -1,7 +1,6 @@ # General Information: In verses 3:9-10, Yahweh says that he will renew the Gentiles after the judgment. -In verses 3:11-13, Yahweh encourages the remnant of Israel who survive the judgment. # I will purify the lips of the peoples diff --git a/zep/03/11.md b/zep/03/11.md index 85fb95e87d..917e71b501 100644 --- a/zep/03/11.md +++ b/zep/03/11.md @@ -1,3 +1,7 @@ +# General Information: + +In verses 3:11-13, Yahweh encourages the remnant of Israel who survive the judgment. + # In that day ... at that time "When that happens ... at that time." These phrases here refer to the time of peace and restoration that immediately follows the day of Yahweh. diff --git a/zep/03/12.md b/zep/03/12.md index c8a412e923..31bf5a9759 100644 --- a/zep/03/12.md +++ b/zep/03/12.md @@ -2,10 +2,6 @@ In verses 3:11-13, Yahweh encourages the remnant of Israel who survive the judgment. -# I will leave among you a lowly and poor people ... The remnant of Israel - -The first phrase describes the "remnant" in the second phrase. - # they will find refuge in the name of Yahweh Yahweh's protection of this remnant is spoke of as if he was a refuge or a fortress. Here "name of Yahweh" refers to his person. Alternate translation: "they will come to Yahweh and he will help them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) diff --git a/zep/03/13.md b/zep/03/13.md index a530260852..1edf1515d4 100644 --- a/zep/03/13.md +++ b/zep/03/13.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ -# I will leave among you a lowly and poor people ... The remnant of Israel +# The remnant of Israel -The first phrase describes the "remnant" in the second phrase. +This refers to the "lowly and poor people" of [Zephaniah 3:12](./12.md). # commit injustice