diff --git a/eph/02/12.md b/eph/02/12.md
index 8e367f4ab8..d6a77624f5 100644
--- a/eph/02/12.md
+++ b/eph/02/12.md
@@ -1,12 +1,11 @@
 # separated from Christ
 
-"unbelievers"
+"not knowing Christ" or  "not belonging to Christ
 
 # strangers to the covenants of the promise
 
-Paul speaks to the Gentile believers as if they had been foreigners, kept out of the land of God's covenant and promise. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+Paul speaks to the Gentile believers as if they had been foreigners, kept out of the land of God's covenant and promise. Alternate translation: "not belonging to those with whom God made the covenants of the promise" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 
 # having no hope
 
-They had no reason to confidently expect anything good to happen.
-
+They had no reason to confidently expect anything good to happen. Specifically, they had no hope that God would save them and give them eternal life with him. Alternate translation: "not hoping in God" or "not confidently waiting for eteranl life with God"  (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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