mismatches

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Henry Whitney 2018-09-26 12:18:22 -05:00
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# oxen, fatted calves, and sheep in abundance
# cattle, fatted calves, and sheep in abundance
"many oxen, fatted calves, and sheep"
"many cattle, fatted calves, and sheep"

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This is a generalization. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
# sheep and oxen that could not be counted
# sheep and cattle that could not be counted
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "more sheep and oxen than anyone would ever be able to count" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "more sheep and cattle than anyone would ever be able to count" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

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This generalization may refer either 1) to the people whom Solomon called to Jerusalem and who are listed in [1 Kings 8:1](../08/01.md), or 2) to those who traveled to Jerusalem for the feast, not necessarily to every person who lived in Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
# twenty-two thousand oxen
# twenty-two thousand cattle
"22,000 oxen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
"22,000 cattle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
# 120,000 sheep

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# kill them here, and eat
# slaughter them here and eat them
This would allow Saul to observe if the blood was properly drained from the animals.

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# completely destroy all that they have ... kill both man and woman, child and infant, ox and sheep, camel and donkey
# completely destroy all that they have ... kill both man and woman, child and infant, cattle and sheep, camel and donkey
These two phrases mean the same thing. The second phrase gives specific details about what they are to destroy completely. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])

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Samuel questions why Saul did not utterly destroyed the Amalekites.
# bleating of sheep ... lowing of the oxen
# bleating of sheep ... lowing of the cattle
These are the sounds that these animals make. Your language may have different terms for these.

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# I will give your flesh to the birds of the heavens and to the beasts of the field
# I will give your flesh to the birds of the heavens and to the wild animals of the field
Goliath speaks of killing David and leaving his body on the ground for the animals to eat it as if he were to give David's body to the animals. Alternate translation: "I will kill you, and the birds of the heavens and the beasts of the field will eat your body" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
Goliath speaks of killing David and leaving his body on the ground for the animals to eat it as if he were to give David's body to the animals. Alternate translation: "I will kill you, and the birds of the heavens and the wild animals of the field will eat your body" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
# birds of the heavens
"birds of the sky" or "birds"
# beasts of the field
"wild animals"

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# Keep the example of faithful messages that you heard from me
# Keep the example of the sound teaching that you heard from me
"Keep teaching the correct ideas I have taught you" or "Use how I taught you as a pattern for what and how you should teach"

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# Abram was very rich in animals, in silver, and in gold
# Abram was very rich in livestock, in silver, and in gold
"Abram had many animals, much silver, and much gold"
# animals
"livestock" or "cattle"
"Abram had many livestock, much silver, and much gold"

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"six hundred men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
# a stick used to goad cattle
# a stick used to goad oxen
Cattle farmers would poke their cattle with a sharp stick to make them move. Alternate translation: "a stick used to urge cattle to move" or "a stick used to direct cattle"
Cattle farmers would poke their cattle with a sharp stick to make them move. Alternate translation: "a stick used to urge oxen to move" or "a stick used to direct oxen"
# He also delivered Israel from danger

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# turned back against the people of Benjamin
# turned against the descendants of Benjamin
These people of Benjamin are not the soldiers who fled to the rock of Rimmon, but the ones who were still in the city.

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"everything that he does"
# his cattle have burst forth in the land
# his livestock have spread throughout the land
"he has more and more livestock in the land"

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# But now ask the beasts ... the birds ... they will tell you
# But now ask the animals ... the birds ... they will tell you
Job is saying that the beasts and the birds understand God better than Job's friends do. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
Job is saying that the animals and the birds understand God better than Job's friends do. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
# you
All occurrences of "you" are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
# But now ask the beasts, and they will teach you
# But now ask the animals, and they will teach you
The command in the first part of the sentence functions as a hypothetical condition. Alternate translation: "But if you were to ask the beasts, they would teach you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
The command in the first part of the sentence functions as a hypothetical condition. Alternate translation: "But if you were to ask the animals, they would teach you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
# ask the birds of the heavens, and they will tell you

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Bildad continues speaking to Job.
# Why are we regarded as beasts, stupid in your sight?
# Why are we regarded as cattle, stupid in your sight?
Bildad uses this rhetorical questions to emphasize to Job that he should not consider his friends as animals who cannot think or speak. It can be written as a statement in active form. Alternate translation: "We should not be regarded as beasts, as stupid in your sight." or "You should not regard us as beasts or think of us as stupid." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

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# Do not fear, beasts of the field
# Do not fear, you wild animals
Joel speaks to people who own livestock as if he were speaking to the animals themselves. Alternate translation: "Do not be afraid, you people who own livestock" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])

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# "I am the alpha and the omega," says the Lord God, "the one who is ... the Almighty."
# "I am the Alpha and the Omega," says the Lord God, "the one who is ... the Almighty."
This can be restated so that the quotation is not split. Alternate translation: "The Lord God says, 'I am the alpha and the omega, the one who is ... the Almighty.'" or "'I am the alpha and the omega, the one who is ... the Almighty,' says the Lord God." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations]])
This can be restated so that the quotation is not split. Alternate translation: "The Lord God says, 'I am the Alpha and the Omega, the one who is ... the Almighty.'" or "'I am the Alpha and the Omega, the one who is ... the Almighty,' says the Lord God." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations]])
# the alpha and the omega
# the Alpha and the Omega
These are first and last letters of the Greek alphabet. Possible meanings are 1) "the one who began all things and who ends all things" or 2) "the one who has always lived and who always will live." If the meanings are unclear to readers, you may consider using the first and last letters of your alphabet. Alternate translation: "the A and the Z" or "the first and the last" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])

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# I know ... your hard labor and your patient endurance
# I know ... your hard labor, and your patient endurance
"Labor" and "endurance" are abstract nouns and can be translated with verbs "work" and "endure." Alternate translation: "I know ... that you work very hard and that you endure patiently" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])

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# because of my name
# for my name
"Name" here is a metonym for the person of Jesus Christ. Alternate translation: "because of me" or "because you believe in my name" or "because you believe in me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

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# Wake up and strengthen what remains, but is about to die
# Wake up and strengthen what remains but is about to die
The good deeds done by the believers in Sardis are spoken of as if they were alive but in danger of dying. Alternate translation: "Wake up and complete the work that remains, or what you have done will become worthless" or "Wake up. If you do not finish what you have started to do, your previous work will have been useless" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
The good deeds done by the believers in Sardis are spoken of as if they were alive but in danger of dying. Alternate translation: "Wake up and complete the work that remains; otherwise what you have done will become worthless" or "Wake up. If you do not finish what you have started to do, your previous work will have been useless" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
# Wake up

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# The one who conquers, I will make a pillar in the temple of my God
# The one who conquers I will make a pillar in the temple of my God
Here "The one who conquers" refers to anyone who conquers. See how you translated this in [Revelation 2:7](../02/07.md). The "pillar" represents an important and permanent part of God's kingdom. Alternate translation: "I will make anyone who resists evil strong, like a pillar in the temple of my God" or "Those who do not agree to do evil I will make strong, like a pillar in the temple of my God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

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# Worthy is the Lamb who has been slaughtered
# Worthy is the Lamb, who has been slaughtered
"The Lamb who has been slaughtered is worthy"
"The Lamb, who has been slaughtered, is worthy"
# to receive power, wealth, wisdom, strength, honor, glory, and praise

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"Salvation comes from"
# Salvation belongs to our God who is seated on the throne, and to the Lamb!
# Salvation belongs to our God, who is seated on the throne, and to the Lamb!
They were praising God and the Lamb. The noun "salvation" can be expressed with the verb "save." Alternate translation: "Our God, who sits on the throne, and the Lamb have saved us!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])

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# people will seek death, but will not find it
# people will seek death but will not find it
This can be restated to remove the abstract noun "death." Alternate translation: "people will try to find a way to die, but will not find it" or "people will try to kill themselves, but will not find a way to die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
This can be restated to remove the abstract noun "death." Alternate translation: "people will try to find a way to die but will not find it" or "people will try to kill themselves but will not find a way to die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
# will greatly desire to die

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# The four angels who had been prepared for ... that year, were released
# The four angels who had been prepared for ... that year were released
This can be stated with an active form. Alternate translation: "The angel released the four angels who had been prepared for ... that year" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

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This was a large, fierce reptile, like a lizard. For Jewish people, it was a symbol of evil and chaos. The dragon is also identified as "the devil or Satan." See how you translated this in [Revelation 12:3](../12/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
# The dragon gave his power to it
# The dragon gave it his power
The dragon made the beast as powerful as he was. He did not lose his power, however, by giving it to the beast.

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# but its fatal wound was healed
# but that fatal wound had been healed
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "but its fatal wound healed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "but that fatal wound had healed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
# fatal wound

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# It performed
# He performed
"The beast from the earth performed"

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# It was permitted
# He was permitted
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God permitted the beast from the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

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# It also forced everyone
# He also forced everyone
"The beast from the earth also forced everyone"

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# It is with the wine of her sexual immorality that the earth's inhabitants became drunk
# with the wine of her sexual immorality the inhabitants of the earth became drunk
The wine represents sexual immorality. Alternate translation: "The people of the earth became drunk by drinking her wine, that is, they were sexually immoral" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
The wine represents sexual immorality. Alternate translation: "the people of the earth became drunk by drinking her wine, that is, they were sexually immoral" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
# her sexual immorality

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This is an extremely deep, narrow hole. Possible meanings are 1) the pit has no bottom; it continues to go down further forever or 2) the pit is so deep that it is as if it had no bottom. See how you translated this in [Revelation 9:1](../09/01.md).
# Then it will go on to destruction
# Then he will go on to destruction
The noun "destruction" can be translated with a verb. Alternate translation: "Then he will be destroyed" or "Then God will destroy him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
# it will go on to destruction
# he will go on to destruction
The certainty of what will happen in the future is spoken of as if the beast were going to it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

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"one is king now" or "one king is alive now"
# the other has not yet come; when he comes
# the other has not yet come, and when he comes
Not having existed yet is spoken of as not yet having come. Alternate translation: "the other has not yet become king; when he becomes king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
# he can remain only for a little while
# he must remain for a little while
The angel speaks of someone continuing to be king as if he were remaining in a place. Alternate translation: "he can be king only for a little while" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

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# it is one of those seven kings
# He belongs to the seven
Possible meanings are 1) the beast rules twice: first as one of the seven kings, and then as the eighth king or 2) the beast belongs to that group of seven kings because he is like them.
# it is going to destruction
# and is going to his destruction
The certainty of what will happen in the future is spoken of as if the beast were going to it. Alternate translation: "it will certainly be destroyed" or "God will surely destroy it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
The certainty of what will happen in the future is spoken of as if the beast were going to it. Alternate translation: "and will certainly be destroyed" or "and God will surely destroy him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

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A "lamb" is a young sheep. Here is it used symbolically to refer to Christ. See how you translated this in [Revelation 5:6](../05/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
# the called ones, the chosen ones, and the faithful ones
# the called, chosen, and faithful ones
This refers to one group of people. The words "called" and "chosen" can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: "the called, chosen, and faithful ones" or "the ones whom God has called and chosen, who are faithful to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
This refers to one group of people. The words "called" and "chosen" can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: "the ones whom God has called and chosen, who are faithful to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

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This is the next part of John's vision. He describes suddenly seeing a great white throne and the dead being judged.
# The earth and the heaven fled away from his presence, but there was no place for them to go
# The earth and the heavens fled away from his presence, but there was no place for them to go
John describes heaven and earth as if they were people who were trying to escape God's judgment. This means that God completely destroyed the old heaven and earth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])

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# the alpha and the omega, the beginning and the end
# the Alpha and the Omega, the beginning and the end
These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize God's eternal nature. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
# the alpha and the omega
# the Alpha and the Omega
These are first and last letters of the Greek alphabet. Possible meanings are 1) "the one who began all things and who ends all things" or 2) "the one who has always lived and who always will live." If the meanings are unclear to readers, you may consider using the first and last letters of your alphabet. See how you translated this in [Revelation 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "the A and the Z" or "the first and the last" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])

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# the alpha and the omega, the first and the last, the beginning and the end
# the Alpha and the Omega, the first and the last, the beginning and the end
These three phrases share similar meanings and emphasize that Jesus has existed and will exist for all time. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
# the alpha and the omega
# the Alpha and the Omega
These are first and last letters of the Greek alphabet. Possible meanings are 1) "the one who began all things and who ends all things" or 2) "the one who has always lived and who always will live." If these meanings are unclear to readers, you may consider using the first and last letters of your alphabet. See how you translated this in [Revelation 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "the A and the Z" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])