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May he have dominion

"May the king have dominion"

from sea to sea, and from the River to the ends of the earth

Both of these expressions are merisms and refer to the whole earth. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism)

from sea to sea

from the Dead Sea and the Sea of Kinnereth in the east to the Mediterranean Sea in the west.

the River

"the Euphrates River," which the Israelites would travel to on land by going north

the ends of the earth

as far as people could travel on land by different routes to the south. The Israelites spoke of the earth as if it were a flat surface with ends. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor and rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom)

lick the dust

This is a metaphor for extreme humiliation. AT: "do everything they can so he will allow them to live" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor)

Tarshish

the name of a place (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names)

render

pay

offer gifts

"give gifts"

Seba

This is the name of a country. It is not the same country as Sheba. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names)

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