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Issue 80 Reflexive Pronouns

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Susan Quigley 2019-01-04 18:34:08 +00:00
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@ -6,14 +6,14 @@ All languages have ways of showing that the same person fills two different role
**Uses of Reflexive Pronouns**
* To show that the same person or things fills two different roles in a sentence
* To emphasize a person or thing in the sentence
* To show that someone did something alone
* To show that someone or something was alone
* To emphasize a person or thing in a sentence
* To show that a person or thing was alone or did something alone
### Reasons this is a translation issue
* Languages have different ways of showing that the same person fills two different roles in a sentence. For those languages, translators will need to know how to translate the English reflexive pronouns.
* The reflexive pronouns in English also have other functions.
* Languages have different ways of showing the things that reflexive pronouns in the ULB show.
* When translators read a reflexive pronoun in the ULB, they need to understand what that reflexive pronoun is used for.
* Translators need to know how to show those meanings in their own language.
### Examples from the Bible
@ -36,44 +36,41 @@ The word "themselves" refers to the "many" who went up in order to purify themse
>So they left the crowd, taking Jesus with them, since he was already in the boat. ... And a violent windstorm arose and the waves were breaking into the boat so that the boat was already full. But <u>Jesus himself</u> was in the stern, asleep on a cushion. (Mark 4:36-38 ULB)
##### The reflexive pronoun shows that someone did something alone.
##### The reflexive pronoun shows that a person or thing was alone or did something alone.
> ... while the kings who had come were <u>by themselves<u> in the field. (1 Chronicles 19:9 ULB)
>When Jesus realized that they were about to come and seize him by force to make him king, he withdrew again up the mountain <u>by himself</u>. (John 6:15 ULB)
##### The reflexive pronouns shows that someone or something was alone.
>He saw the linen cloths lying there and the cloth that had been on his head. <u>It</u> was not lying with the linen cloths but was folded up in a place <u>by itself</u>. (John 20:6-7 ULB)
### Translation Strategies
If a reflexive pronoun would have the same function in your language, consider using it. If not, here are some other strategies.
If a reflexive pronoun would have the same function in your language, consider using it. If not, here are some other strategies that some languages use.
1. In some languages people show that the object of the verb is the same as the subject by putting something on the verb.
1. In some languages people emphasize a certain person or thing by referring to it in a special place in the sentence.
1. In some languages people emphasize a certain person or thing by adding something to that word or putting another word with it.
1. In some languages people show that someone did something alone by using a word like "alone."
1. In some languages people show that something was alone by using a phrase that tells about where it was.
1. Show that the object of the verb is the same as the subject by putting something on the verb.
1. Emphasize a certain person or thing by referring to it in a special place in the sentence.
1. Emphasize a certain person or thing by adding something to that word or putting another word with it.
1. Show that a person or thing was alone or did something alone by using a word like "alone."
### Examples of Translation Strategies Applied
1. In some languages people show that the object of the verb is the same as the subject by putting something on the verb.
1. Show that the object of the verb is the same as the subject by putting something on the verb.
* **If I should testify about <u>myself</u>, my testimony would not be true.** (John 5:31)
* If I should <u>self-testify</u>, my testimony would not be true.
* **Now the Passover of the Jews was near, and many went up to Jerusalem out of the country before the Passover in order to <u>purify themselves</u>.** (John 11:55)
* Now the Passover of the Jews was near, and many went up to Jerusalem out of the country before the Passover in order to <u>self-purify</u>.
1. In some languages people emphasize a certain person or thing by referring to it in a special place in the sentence.
1. Emphasize a certain person or thing by referring to it in a special place in the sentence.
* **<u>He himself</u> took our sickness and bore our diseases.** (Matthew 8:17 ULB)
* <u>It was he who</u> took our sickness and bore our diseases.
* **<u>Jesus himself</u> was not baptizing, but his disciples were.** (John 4:2)
* <u>It was not Jesus who</u> was baptizing, but his disciples were.
1. In some languages people emphasize a certain person or thing by adding something to that word or putting another word with it. English uses the reflexive pronoun.
1. Emphasize a certain person or thing by adding something to that word or putting another word with it. English uses the reflexive pronoun after the word it emphasizes.
* **Now Jesus said this to test Philip, for he <u>himself</u> knew what he was going to do.** (John 6:6)
1. In some languages people show that someone did something alone by using a word like "alone."
1. Show that a person or thing was alone or did something alone by using a word like "alone."
* **When Jesus realized that they were about to come and seize him by force to make him king, he withdrew again up the mountain <u>by himself</u>.** (John 6:15)
* When Jesus realized that they were about to come and seize him by force to make him king, he withdrew again <u>alone</u> up the mountain.
1. In some languages people show that something was alone by using a phrase that tells about where it was.
* **He saw the linen cloths lying there and the cloth that had been on his head. It was not lying with the linen cloths but was rolled up in its place <u>by itself</u>.** (John 20:6-7 ULB)
* He saw the linen cloths lying there and the cloth that had been on his head. It was not lying with the linen cloths but was rolled up and lying <u>in its own place</u>.