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Paul called himself a slave or “servant”(δοῦλος/g1401) of Jesus Christ. Some scholars think that he wanted people to think about Joshua, Moses, and Jonah, who were also called “servants.” More scholars think that Paul was a servant because he wanted to obey and serve God.
See: Serve (Servant, Slave)
See: [Serve (Servant, Slave)](../articles/serve.md)
See: Romans 15:16; Titus 1:1
### What was an “apostle”?
See: Apostle
See: [Apostle](../articles/apostle.md)
### When was the promise made in the “holy scriptures”?
When Paul wrote about promises made the holy scriptures, he was speaking about the Old Testament.
See: Old Testament (Law and Prophets)
See: [Old Testament (Law and Prophets)](../articles/oldtestament.md)
### How was Jesus a “descendent of David”?
@ -26,24 +26,24 @@ The Bible prophesied that the Messiah would be a descendant of King David (see:
See: Matthew 9:27; 12:23; 21:9; 22:41-45; 2 Timothy 2:8; Revelation 5:5
See: Prophecy (Prophesy); Messiah (Christ); Ancestor and Descendant (Fathers, Forefathers, Patriarchs); Son of David
See: [Prophecy (Prophesy)](../articles/prophecy.md) ; [Messiah (Christ)](../articles/messiahchrist.md); [Ancestor and Descendant (Fathers, Forefathers, Patriarchs)](../articles/ancestor.md); [Son of David](../articles/sonofdavid.md)
### What was the “Spirit of holiness”?
Paul wrote about the spirit of holiness. Some scholars think Paul was speaking about the Holy Spirit (see: Isaiah 63:10). Other scholars state that it referred to the holiness Christians have (see: 2 Corinthians 7:1; 1 Thessalonians 3:11-13).
See: Spirit (Spiritual); Holy (Holiness, Set Apart); Holy Spirit
See: [Spirit (Spiritual)](../articles/spiritspiritual.md); [Holy (Holiness, Set Apart)](../articles/holy.md); [Holy Spirit](../articles/holyspirit.md)
### What was meant by the words, “declared with power to be the Son of God”?
Paul wrote “declared with power to be the Son of God.” Scholars think that God declared Jesus to be the Son of God when Jesus was resurrected.
See: Son of God; Resurrect (Resurrection)
See: [Son of God](../articles/sonofgod.md); [Resurrect (Resurrection)](../articles/resurrect.md)
### What was “received grace and apostleship”?
Paul wrote “received grace and apostleship.” Some scholars he was talking about all Christians. Christians received grace in the same way that Paul did. Other scholars think Paul spoke about the other apostles who, like him, were called by Jesus.
See: Apostle; Grace; Call (Calling)
See: [Apostle](../articles/apostle.md); [Grace](../articles/grace.md); [Call (Calling)](../articles/call.md)
### What was the “obedience of faith”?
@ -51,28 +51,28 @@ When Paul wrote about the obedience of faith, he was speaking about obeying God
See: Acts 6:7; Romans 16:26
See: Faith (Believe in)
See: [Faith (Believe in)](../articles/faith.md)
## 1:8-17
## 1:8-17
### How was God a witness?
When Gods people insisted that they were telling the truth, they sometimes said that God was a witness of the things they said. This was a type of oath.
See: Romans 9:1; 1 Thessalonians 2:5, 10
See: Swear (Oath); Witness (Martyr)
See: [Swear (Oath)](../articles/swearoath.md); [Witness (Martyr)](../articles/witness.md)
### What did it mean to serve “in my spirit”?
Some scholars think that in his “spirit” meant that Paul completely served God. Other scholars think he was speaking serving God with the power of the Holy Spirit.
See: Spirit (Spiritual); Holy Spirit
See: [Spirit (Spiritual)](../articles/spiritspiritual.md)); [Holy Spirit](../articles/holyspirit.md)
### What is the “spiritual gift” that Paul wanted to give the Romans?
When Paul wrote about a spiritual gift here, he was speaking about God blessing people (see: Romans 11:29).
See: Spirit (Spiritual)
See: [Spirit (Spiritual)](../articles/spiritspiritual.md)
### How did Paul want to “have some fruit”?
@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ He wanted people to believe in Jesus and help them in a way that honors God.
See: Philippians 1:22; Colossians 1:6
See: Fruit (metaphor)
See: [Fruit (Metaphor)](../articles/fruitmetaphor.md)
### Who are the Gentiles, Greeks, and foreigners?
@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ Gentiles were any non-Jewish people. Many Gentiles were also “Greeks,” becau
See: Colossians 3:11
See: Gentile
See: [Gentile](../articles/gentile.md)
### What made Paul a “debtor” to everyone?
@ -96,14 +96,15 @@ A “debtor”(ὀφειλέτης/g3781) was someone who owe something to so
See: 1 Corinthians 9:16
See: Preach (Preacher); Gospel
See: [Preach (Preacher)](../articles/preach.md); [Gospel](../articles/gospel.md)
### Why did it mean to not be “ashamed” of the gospel?
Paul did not want people to be ashamed of the gospel. He did not want people to worry about people judging them for believing the gospel.
See: Jeremiah 9:24; Mark 8:38; 2 Timothy 1:8, 12
See: Shame (Ashamed)
See: [Shame (Ashamed)](../articles/shame.md)
### What was “for the Jew first and for the Gentile”?
@ -111,19 +112,19 @@ Paul said that salvation came to the Jews first. He wanted to know that Jesus be
See: Acts 11:18; 20:21; Romans 10:12-13; Ephesians 2:11-18
See: Save (Salvation, Saved from Sins); Gentile; Messiah (Christ)
See: [Save (Salvation, Saved from Sins)](../articles/save.md); [Gentile](../articles/gentile.md); [Messiah (Christ)](../articles/messiahchrist.md)
### What was “Gods righteousness”?
Paul spoke about Gods “righteousness.” Some scholars think Paul wanted to say that God is righteous (see: Psalm 50:6; Romans 3:5). Other scholars think Paul was writing about the righteousness that God gave people when he justified them (see: Romans 3:21; 10:3). Other scholars think Paul was writing about salvation (see: Isaiah 51:6).
See: Righteous (Righteousness); Justify (Justification); Save (Salvation, Saved from Sins)
See: [Righteous (Righteousness)](../articles/righteous.md); [Justify (Justification)](../articles/justify.md); [Save (Salvation, Saved from Sins)](../articles/save.md)
### How was Gods righteousness “revealed from faith to faith”?
Paul wrote about Gods righteousness revealed from faith to faith. Some scholars think Paul wanted people to know that they were saved because they believe in Jesus. Other scholars think Paul wanted Christians to have more faith or to trust God more. Other scholars think Paul wanted them to the Jews to change what they believed. Before, they needed to believe in God. Now, they also need to believe in Jesus, who is God.
See: Faith (Believe in); Righteous (Righteousness); Jesus is God
See: Faith (Believe in); [Righteous (Righteousness)](../articles/righteous.md); [Jesus is God)](../articles/jesusisgod.md)
## 1:18-25
@ -131,11 +132,11 @@ See: Faith (Believe in); Righteous (Righteousness); Jesus is God
See: Ezekiel 25:17; Romans 5:9; 12:19; Ephesians 5:6
See: Wrath
See: [Wrath](../articles/wrath.md)
### What was “unrighteousness”?
See: Righteous (Righteousness)
See: [Righteous (Righteousness)](../articles/righteous.md)
### How did people “hold back the truth”?
@ -148,7 +149,7 @@ People with “senseless hearts” could not think in the right way because of t
See: John 3:19; Ephesians 4:17-18
See: Light and Darkness; Heart (metaphor)
See: [Light and Darkness (Metaphor)](../articles/lightdarkness.md)
### What was the “likenesses of an image”?
@ -156,7 +157,7 @@ Gentiles who did not know God made idols. These were statues that were “like
See: Deuteronomy 5:8; Isaiah 44:12-17; Acts 17:29
See: Idolatry (Idol); Image
See: [Idolatry (Idol)](../articles/idolatryidol.md); [Image](../articles/image.md)
### How did God give people “over to the lusts of their hearts”?
@ -164,7 +165,7 @@ God gave people over to the lusts of their hearts. God allowed people to do the
See: Psalm 81:11-12; Acts 7:42
See: Heart (metaphor); Sin
See: [Heart (Metaphor)](../articles/heart.md); [Sin](../articles/sin.md)
## 1:26-32
@ -174,7 +175,7 @@ Paul wrote about people with dishonorable passions. These people were sexually i
See: Ephesians 4:18-19; 1 Corinthians 6:18; 1 Thessalonians 4:4-5
See: Sexual Immorality
See: [Sexual Immorality](../articles/sexualimmorality.md)
### What were “natural” and “unnatural” relations?
@ -182,15 +183,15 @@ Paul wrote about natural and unnatural relations. Sex between a husband and a wi
See: Jude 7
See: Sexual Immorality
See: [Sexual Immorality](../articles/sexualimmorality.md)
###
What was “burned in their lust”?
### What was “burned in their lust”?
Paul wrote about people who burned with lust. This is a metaphor. They really wanted to be sexually immoral.
See: 1 Corinthians 7:9, 36; 1 Timothy 5:11
See: Sexual Immorality
See: [Sexual Immorality](../articles/sexualimmorality.md)
### What was a “corrupted mind”?
@ -206,4 +207,4 @@ Something that was not proper was against Gods holy will.
See: Romans 8:7-8; Titus 1:16
See: Will of God
See: [Will of God](../articles/willofgod.md)