## beat out ##

"threshed." This is the process of separating the edible part of the grain from the hull and stalk that must be thrown away.

## about an ephah of barley ##

"about 13 kilos of barley" (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/biblicalvolume]])

## her mother-in-law saw ##

in-law saw**  - "Naomi saw"