* **Then he said to them** - "Then Jesus said to his disciples." Since this is just a continuation of Jesus speaking from the previous verse, some languages may prefer not to say "Then he said to them."
* **Nation will rise against nation** - This can be translated as "One nation will attack another nation."
* **Nation** - This refers to ethnic groups of people rather than to countries.
* **kingdom against kingdom** - "kingdom will rise against kingdom" or "one kingdom will attack another" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_ellipsis]])
* **famines and plagues** - "there will be famines and plagues" or "times of hunger and diseases that kill many people"
* **terrifying events** - "events that terrify people" or "events that cause people to be very afraid"