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John wrote seven letters to seven different churches in chapters two and three. These seven churches were in a place called Asia minor. that is, they were in the country now called Turkey. Some scholars think these letters were a special type of metaphor. They think these seven churches represented seven different types of churches. That is, they represented groups of Christians in certain areas. Fewer scholars think that they represent different periods of time since Jesus died. More scholars think that these were simply seven letters to seven churches when John lived.
See: Metaphor
See: [Metaphor](../articles/metaphor.md)
See Map: Seven churches of Revelation
@ -25,11 +25,11 @@ See: Angel
Jesus said the Ephesian Christians “have left behind their first love.” This was a metaphor. Some scholars think Jesus wanted to say the Ephesians stopped loving Jesus. Other scholars think Jesus wanted to say that the Ephesians stopped loving one another and they stopped loving Jesus. Jesus also said they had “fallen.” That is, they stopped doing what Jesus wanted them to do.
See: Metaphor
See: [Metaphor](../articles/metaphor.md)
### What does it mean to repent?
See: Repent (Repentance)
See: [Repent (Repentance](../articles/repent.md)
### How will Jesus remove the church from its place?
@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ Jesus said, “I will remove your lampstand from its place.” This was a metaph
**Advice to translators**: A lampstand is something that holds candles.
See: Metaphor
See:[Metaphor](../articles/metaphor.md)
### Who were the Nicolaitans?
@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ See: Revelation 2:15, Numbers 25
John said “he who has an ear, let him hear” because he really wanted people to listen to the things that he said. John said that it was the Holy Spirit who said these things. When Jesus spoke, the Holy Spirit also spoke.
See: Trinity
See: [Trinity](../articles/trinity.md)
### Was Jesus speaking only to the church in Ephesus or to all churches?
@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ John said that the “one who conquers” will get to eat from the tree of life
See: Genesis 2:9; 3:2
See: Conquer (Overcome)
See: [Conquer (Overcome)](../articles/conquer.md)
## 2:8-11
@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ See: Conquer (Overcome)
When John said Jesus was the first and the last, he wanted to say that Jesus always lived and will always live. Also, John wanted to comfort the people. The Christians in Smyrna were being persecuted. Because of this, John wanted to comfort them. He reminded them that any problems they had in this world were only temporary. Jesus is in control of all things.
See: Persecute (Persecution)
See: [Persecute (Persecution)](../articles/persecute.md)
See Map: Smyrna
@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ See Map: Smyrna
Christians in Smyrna were poor because they did not have much money. However, Jesus said that they were rich. This is a metaphor. They had the one thing that all people want. They had peace with God, and they will live with him forever in heaven.
See: Metaphor
See: [Metaphor](../articles/metaphor.md)
See Map: Smyrna
@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ See Map: Smyrna
Smyrna had many Jewish people. Jesus said there were some people who said that they were Jews. However, they were a “synagogue of Satan.” These people were born Jews, but they did not honor God. Jesus said that they honored Satan instead.
See: Synagogue
See: [Synagogue](../articles/synagogue.md)
### Why will the Christians in Smyrna suffer for ten days?
@ -97,19 +97,19 @@ Jesus said that the Christians in Smyrna “will suffer for ten days.” Scholar
1. Some scholars think that they were going to suffer within ten days.
1. Some scholars think John wanted to say that God was going to completely test the Christians in Smyrna. This is because 10 is a symbol of completeness in Scripture.
See: Persecute (Persecution); Symbol
See: [Persecute (Persecution)](../articles/persecute.md) ;[Symbol](../articles/symbol.md)
### Who is the one who conquers?
God will give to the one who conquers a crown. When Jesus spoke about the “crown of life,” he wanted to say that these Christians will live together with God in heaven forever. Some scholars think that only those who continued to believe in Jesus when they suffered will live with God forever. More scholars think this is a special reward for Christians who suffered for Jesus, or those who were killed because they were Christians.
See: Conquer (Overcome); Crown; Reward
See: [Conquer (Overcome)](../articles/conquer.md); [Crown](../articles/crown.md);[Reward](../articles/reward.md)
### What is the second death?
Death is something that separates people from something. The first “death” separates a persons soul from their body. The second “death” separates a person from God forever. Those who believe in Jesus live together with God forever. Those who do not believe in Jesus live forever without God in hell.
See: Soul; Hell
See: [Soul](../articles/soul.md); [Hell](../articles/hell.md)
## 2:12-17
### Where was Pergamum?
@ -120,13 +120,13 @@ See Map: Pergamum
Pergamum was the capital city of one part of the Roman Empire. In ancient times, the government was said to hold a type of sword. This is a metaphor meaning that they were able to kill someone. Here, Jesus said that his sword had two edges. Perhaps this means he can make someone die two times. The first time he makes their body die. The second time, he separates them from God forever. Therefore he said going to hell was the second type of death.
See: Metaphor; Hell
See: [Metaphor](../articles/metaphor.md); [Hell](../articles/hell.md)
### What was Satans throne?
A throne was a type of chair. It was where a ruler sat and told people what to do. Some scholars think Jesus spoke about the people of Pergamum worshipping a false god. That is, he spoke about the leader of the Roman Empire. Fewer scholars think Jesus spoke about the throne of a certain false God.
See: Throne; Metaphor
See: [Throne](../articles/throne.md);[Metaphor](../articles/metaphor.md)
### How did the Christians in Pergamum hold tightly to Jesus name?
@ -137,17 +137,17 @@ See: Numbers 22-25; 31
### What was a “stumbling block”?
See: Stumble (Stumbling Block)
See: [Stumble (Stumbling Block)](../articles/stumble.md)
### What was food sacrificed to idols?
See: 1 Corinthians 8:1-13; 10:14-33
See: Sacrifice; Idolatry (Idol)
See: Sacrifice; [Idolatry (Idol)](../articles/idolatryidol.md)
### What was sexual immorality?
See: Sexual Immorality
See: [Sexual Immorality](../articles/sexualimmorality.md)
### Who were the Nicolaitans?
@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ See: Revelation 2:6
Jesus said that he will “make war” with the Christians in Pergamum with the “sword from his mouth.” Jesus used two metaphors to warn the church in Pergamum that he will go there to punish them if they did not repent. Because Pergamum does not exist anymore, there is no church in Pergamum today. Therefore, some scholars think that Jesus already punished this church. Fewer scholars think that Jesus was talking about punishing the church in Pergamum when Jesus returns.
See: Metaphor; Repent (Repentance)
See: [Metaphor](../articles/metaphor.md) [Repent (Repentance](../articles/repent.md)
### Why did John say, “he who has an ear, let him hear”?
@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ Fewer scholars think Jesus wanted to say that those who conquer will get to live
See: Hebrews 9:4
See: Manna; Metaphor; Prophet; Ark of the Covenant; Messiah (The Christ); Conquer (Overcome)
See: [Manna](../articles/manna.md); [Metaphor](../articles/metaphor.md);[Prophet](../articles/prophet.md); [Ark of the Covenant](../articles/arkcovenant.md); [Messiah (Christ)](../articles/messiahchrist.md); [Conquer (Overcome)](../articles/conquer.md)
### Why did Jesus promise to give white stones to certain people?
@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ In the Ancient Near East, white stones were also used as a type of ticket to ent
**Advice to translators**: A jury is a group of people who decide whether someone accused of a crime is guilty or innocent. If the jury thinks they are guilty, then they are punished. If they do not think they are guilty, then they are not punished.
See: Ancient Near East; Wedding
See: [Ancient Near East](../articles/ancientneareast.md); [Wedding](../articles/wedding.md)
### Why was there a new name on the white stone?