Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNote
DAN front intro txw3 0 # Introduction to Daniel
## Part 1: General Introduction
### Outline of Daniel
1. Daniel and his friends in the court of Nebuchadnezzar (1:1–21)
1. Daniel interprets Nebuchadnezzar’s first dream (2:1–49)
1. Daniel’s friends delivered from the fiery furnace (3:1–30)
1. Daniel interprets Nebuchadnezzar’s second dream (4:1–37)
1. Belshazzar’s feast and the writing on the wall (5:1-31)
1. Daniel in the den of lions (6:1–28)
1. Daniel’s vision of four beasts (7:1–28)
1. Daniel’s vision of a ram and a goat (8:1–27)
1. Daniel prays and Gabriel answers (9:1–23)
1. Daniel’s vision of seventy weeks (9:24–27)
1. Daniel’s vision of a man (10:1–11:1)
1. The kings of the south and north (11:2–20)
1. An evil king exalts himself (11:21-39)
1. The time of the end (11:40–12:13)
### What is the Book of Daniel about?
The first part of the Book of Daniel (chapters 1–6) is a narrative about Daniel and his friends. They were young men from Jerusalem who were taken to Babylon as prisoners. These chapters tell how they were faithful to Yahweh while living in a pagan land serving a pagan king. And it tells how God rewarded them because they were faithful.
The rest of the Book of Daniel is a series of prophetic visions. Chapters 7 and 8 deal with images representing the kingdoms and kings of the major nations. Chapters 9–11 are prophecies and visions about wars and a type of the great enemy of God appearing. Chapter 12 is a vision that describes end times.
### How should the title of this book be translated?
The traditional title of this book is “The Book of Daniel” or just “Daniel.” Translators may call it “The Book About Daniel” or “The Book About the Deeds and Visions of Daniel.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
### Who wrote the Book of Daniel?
Daniel was a Jew who became a Babylonian government official during the exile. He may have written the book himself. Or he may have written the parts of the book and someone else put the parts together at a later time.
## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts
### Is there a missing week in Daniel’s prophecy?
Scholars disagree about what may appear to be a missing week in 9:24-27. It is best for translators to allow apparent mysteries such as this to remain in the text. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-apocalypticwriting]])
### When did the seventy weeks begin?
The seventy weeks in 9:24-27 began when a decree was issued to rebuild the city of Jerusalem. But there were several decrees that allowed this to happen. Translators do not need to understand how prophecies were or will be fulfilled to translate the text.
### Who was Darius the Mede?
Darius the Mede was a Babylonian king who sent Daniel into a den of lions. People have not found his name in history outside of the Book of Daniel. Scholars have tried to explain who Darius was, but they are not certain.
## Part 3: Important Translation Issues
### How does Daniel use the word “king”?
Many kings are in the Book of Daniel, but not all of the kings ruled over all of Babylon or Persia. Some of the kings may have ruled over regions or cities.
### How many chapters does Daniel have?
Daniel has twelve chapters. Some Bible versions include stories called “Bel and the Dragon” and “The Prayer of Azariah.” However, few people think that these stories have the same authority as the rest of scripture. Therefore, there is no need to translate them.
DAN 1 intro p1ev 0 # Daniel 1 General Notes
## Structure and formatting
### Training for government jobs
Daniel, Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego were chosen to be trained for service in the Babylonian kingdom. It was not unusual for foreigners to be given positions in the Babylonian government as advisors or cultural ambassadors.
## Special concepts in this chapter
### Food laws
The food from the king included things the Jews were not allowed to eat according to the law of Moses. Daniel requested permission not to eat the king’s food. He proved to the king that this food was not necessary for good health. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])
DAN 1 1 x9t9 figs-synecdoche 0 Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylonia This refers to Nebuchadnezzar and his soldiers, not only to Nebuchadnezzar. Alternate translation: “Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylonia and his soldiers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
DAN 1 1 cps4 0 to cut off all supplies to it Alternate translation: “to stop the people from receiving any supplies”
DAN 1 1 sxi6 figs-synecdoche 0 Jehoiakim king of Judah This refers to Jehoiakim and his soldiers, not only to Jehoiakim. Alternate translation: “the army of Jehoiakim king of Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
DAN 1 2 mfr8 figs-synecdoche 0 gave Nebuchadnezzar This refers to Nebuchadnezzar and his soldiers, not only to Nebuchadnezzar. Alternate translation: “gave Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylonia and his soldiers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
DAN 1 2 w31y 0 he gave him Jehoiakim gave Nebuchadnezzar
DAN 1 2 l12t figs-synecdoche 0 He brought … he placed Although Nebuchadnezzar did not do these things alone, it may easier for the reader to retain the singular pronouns. Alternate translation: “They brought … they placed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
DAN 1 2 tb9l 0 He brought them Here “them” probably refers to Jehoiakim and other prisoners, as well as the sacred objects.
DAN 1 2 riv5 0 in his god’s treasury This was an act of devotion to his god.
DAN 1 3 c2p4 0 The king spoke This refers to Nebuchadnezzar.
DAN 1 3 pba3 translate-names 0 Ashpenaz This is the chief official. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
DAN 1 4 j6vw figs-litotes 0 without blemish These two negative words together emphasize a positive idea. Alternate translation: “with perfect appearance” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
DAN 1 4 ki41 figs-idiom 0 filled with knowledge and understanding This is an idiom. This means they knew much and could organize and use that information. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
DAN 1 4 im8m 0 king’s palace This is the large house or building where the king lives.
DAN 1 4 gg5x 0 He was to teach them Alternate translation: “Ashpenaz was to teach them”
DAN 1 5 v9dg figs-metonymy 0 The king counted out for them The king’s officials did this task for him. Alternate translation: “The king’s officials counted out for them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 1 5 vq2i 0 his delicacies the special, rare, good foods that the king ate
DAN 1 5 ex12 figs-activepassive 0 These young men were to be trained If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Ashpenaz was to train these young men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 1 5 bj35 0 trained Alternate translation: “taught skills”
DAN 1 6 ln29 0 Among these Alternate translation: “Among the young men from Israel”
DAN 1 7 k7uc 0 The chief official This refers to Ashpenaz who was King Nebuchadnezzar’s highest official.
DAN 1 7 b656 translate-names 0 Belteshazzar … Shadrach … Meshach … Abednego These are all men’s names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
DAN 1 8 s7sr figs-synecdoche 0 Daniel intended in his mind Here “mind” refers to Daniel himself. Alternate translation: “Daniel decided to himself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
DAN 1 8 xse9 figs-explicit 0 pollute himself To “pollute” something is to make is unclean. Some of the food and drink of the Babylonians would make Daniel ceremonially unclean according to God’s law. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “make himself unclean according to God’s law” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
DAN 1 8 e52r 0 delicacies This refers to the special, rare, good foods that the king ate. See how you translated this in [Daniel 1:3](../01/03.md).
DAN 1 10 wc2i figs-rquestion 0 Why should he see you looking worse than the other young men of your own age? The official uses this question to explain what he thought would happen. It can be a statement. Alternate translation: “He does not want to see you looking worse than the other young men of your own age.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
DAN 1 10 n5lc figs-idiom 0 The king might have my head This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “The king might cut off my head” or “The king might kill me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
DAN 1 13 m7rh 0 compare our appearance with the appearance Daniel asked the steward to see if he and his friends looked worse than the other young men. Alternate translation: “compare our appearance to see if it is worse than the appearance”
DAN 1 14 thm2 0 tested them tested Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah
DAN 1 15 h7dv 0 their appearance … they were The pronouns refer to Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah.
DAN 1 15 pj6p 0 nourished This means to have been made healthy from what you have eaten.
DAN 1 16 uzg5 0 their delicacies … their wine … gave them All of these pronouns refer to Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah.
DAN 1 17 das8 figs-abstractnouns 0 God gave them knowledge and insight This can be reworded so that the abstract nouns “knowledge” and “insight” can be expressed as the verbs “learn” and “understand.” Alternate translation: “God gave them the ability to learn and understand clearly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
DAN 1 17 wn6n figs-hyperbole 0 in all literature and wisdom Here “all” is a generalization to show that they had a very good education and understanding. Alternate translation: “in many things that the Babylonians had written and studied” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
DAN 1 19 ita9 0 The king spoke with them The king spoke with the “four young men” ([Daniel 1:17](../01/17.md)).
DAN 1 19 u1am figs-litotes 0 among the whole group there were none to compare with Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah pleased him much more than anyone else in the whole group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
DAN 1 19 e2m3 0 Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah These are the names of men. See how you translated these names in [Daniel 1:6](../01/06.md).
DAN 1 20 f5x8 figs-hyperbole 0 ten times better Here “ten times” is an exaggeration representing great quality. Alternate translation: “much better” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
DAN 1 21 jhp9 0 the first year of King Cyrus Alternate translation: “the first year that King Cyrus ruled Babylon”
DAN 2 intro epd5 0 # Daniel 2 General Notes
## Structure and formatting
Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in Daniel’s prayer in 2:20-23.
## Special concepts in this chapter
### The king’s dream
Daniel told the king’s dream and what the dream meant. In the ancient Near East, it was believed that only people in touch with the gods could interpret dreams. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]])
### How Daniel knew the dream
Daniel gave Yahweh the honor for having told him the dream and its meaning in answer to the prayers of the four men.
DAN 2 1 mns5 translate-ordinal 0 In the second year “In year two” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
DAN 2 1 xtc6 0 he had dreams Alternate translation: “Nebuchadnezzar had dreams”
DAN 2 1 xw34 figs-metonymy 0 His mind was troubled Here “mind” refers to his thoughts. Alternate translation: “His thoughts disturbed him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 2 1 g67b 0 and he could not sleep His troubled thoughts prevented him from sleeping. Alternate translation: “so that he could not sleep”
DAN 2 2 zsv7 0 Then the king summoned the magicians Alternate translation: “Then the king called the magicians”
DAN 2 2 a7yh 0 the dead Alternate translation: “people who had died”
DAN 2 2 n5gn 0 they came in Alternate translation: “they came into the palace”
DAN 2 2 x5f6 0 stood before Alternate translation: “stood in front of”
DAN 2 3 q4dv figs-synecdoche 0 my mind is anxious Here “mind” refers to the king himself. Alternate translation: “I am anxious” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
DAN 2 3 wvg5 0 anxious Alternate translation: “troubled”
DAN 2 4 k6f2 translate-names 0 Aramaic This is the language that people in Babylon spoke. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
DAN 2 4 b8zx 0 King, live forever! The men probably said this to show the king that they were loyal to him. Alternate translation: “King, we hope you will live forever!”
DAN 2 4 n36i 0 us, your servants The men called themselves the king’s servants to show him respect.
DAN 2 4 cba4 figs-exclusive 0 we will reveal Here the word “we” refers to the men that the king is speaking to and does not include the king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
DAN 2 5 mdp2 figs-activepassive 0 This matter has been settled If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I have already decided what to do about this matter” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 2 5 nw8r figs-activepassive 0 your bodies will be torn apart and your houses made into rubbish heaps If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I will command my soldiers to tear your bodies apart and to make your houses into rubbish heaps” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 2 6 xv1k figs-activepassive 0 you will receive gifts from me If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I will give you gifts” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 2 7 ux2h figs-123person 0 Let the king tell us The wise men addressed the king in the third person as a sign of respect. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
DAN 2 8 h6gf figs-metaphor 0 you see how firm my decision is about this A decision that will not be changed is spoken of as something firm. Alternate translation: “you see that I will not change my decision about this” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
DAN 2 9 ef89 0 there is only one sentence for you Alternate translation: “there is only one punishment for you”
DAN 2 9 xj29 figs-doublet 0 false and deceptive words These two words mean approximately the same thing and emphasize that these are “lies intended to deceive.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
DAN 2 10 m1jc figs-doublet 0 great and powerful These two words mean basically the same thing and emphasize the greatness of the king’s power. Alternate translation: “most powerful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
DAN 2 11 n99m figs-litotes 0 there is no one who can tell it to the king except the gods This is stated in negative form for emphasis. It can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “only the gods can tell this to the king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
DAN 2 12 xu8y figs-doublet 0 angry and very furious These words mean basically the same thing and emphasize the intensity of his anger. Alternate translation: “incredibly angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
DAN 2 12 y1cf 0 all those in Babylon Alternate translation: “all the men in Babylon”
DAN 2 13 w1hk figs-personification 0 So the decree went out The decree is spoken of as if it was alive and able to go out by itself. Alternate translation: “So the king issued a command” or “So the king gave a command” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
DAN 2 13 m5cr figs-activepassive 0 all those who were known for their wisdom were to be put to death If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the soldiers were to kill all of the men who were known for their wisdom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 2 13 d4wp figs-activepassive 0 so they could be put to death If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “in order to kill them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 2 14 fm3n figs-doublet 0 prudence and discretion These two words mean basically the same thing and emphasize the greatness of his prudence. Alternate translation: “caution and careful judgment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
DAN 2 14 cj8p translate-names 0 Arioch This is the name of the king’s commander. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
DAN 2 14 a4fa 0 bodyguard This is a group of men whose job is to protect the king.
DAN 2 14 y853 0 who had come to kill Alternate translation: “who the king had sent out to kill”
DAN 2 16 ju9k figs-explicit 0 Daniel went in Daniel probably went to the palace. Alternate translation: “Daniel went to the palace” or “Daniel went to talk with the king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
DAN 2 16 jl4r 0 requested an appointment with the king Alternate translation: “asked for a set time to meet with the king”
DAN 2 17 bbc8 0 his house This is referring to Daniel’s house.
DAN 2 17 ijt3 0 what had happened Alternate translation: “about the king’s decree”
DAN 2 18 uh7c 0 He urged them to seek mercy Alternate translation: “He begged them to pray for mercy”
DAN 2 18 yhz1 figs-activepassive 0 so that he and they might not be killed If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “so that the king would not kill them” or “so that the king’s bodyguard would not kill them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 2 19 nq22 figs-activepassive 0 That night the mystery was revealed If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “That night God revealed the mystery” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 2 19 s94i 0 the mystery This is referring to the king’s dream and its meaning.
DAN 2 20 e8z9 figs-metonymy 0 Praise the name of God Here “name” refers to God himself. Alternate translation: “Praise God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 2 21 p54i 0 General Information: These verses are also part of Daniel’s prayer.
DAN 2 21 xy7w 0 he removes kings Alternate translation: “he takes away kings’ authority to rule”
DAN 2 21 k348 figs-metonymy 0 places kings on their thrones Here being on the “throne” refers to ruling over a kingdom. Alternate translation: “makes new kings rule over their kingdoms” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 2 22 v5bq 0 the light lives with him Alternate translation: “the light comes from where God is”
DAN 2 23 e5yc figs-123person 0 General Information: This verse is also part of Daniel’s prayer. He stops addressing God in the third person and switches to the more personal second person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
DAN 2 23 b3ga 0 made known to me what we asked of you Alternate translation: “told me what my friends and I asked you to tell us”
DAN 2 23 x268 0 made known to us the matter that concerns the king Alternate translation: “told us what the king wants to know”
DAN 2 24 le8h translate-names 0 Arioch This is the name of the king’s commander. See how you translated this name in [Daniel 2:14](../02/14.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
DAN 2 24 fs73 0 everyone who was wise Alternate translation: “the wise men”
DAN 2 26 z3qq translate-names 0 Belteshazzar This was the name the Babylonians gave to Daniel. See how you translated this name in [Daniel 1:7](../01/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
DAN 2 27 b59r figs-activepassive 0 The mystery that the king has asked about … not by astrologers If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Those who have wisdom, those who claim to speak with the dead, magicians, and astrologers cannot reveal the mystery about which the king has asked” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 2 27 r8dh 0 The mystery that the king has asked about This phrase refers to the king’s dream.
DAN 2 29 as3u figs-explicit 0 the one who reveals mysteries This phrase refers to God. Alternate translation: “God, who reveals mysteries” or “God, who makes mysteries known” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
DAN 2 30 v6bt figs-activepassive 0 this mystery was not revealed to me If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “God did not reveal this mystery to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 2 30 qk3n figs-activepassive 0 This mystery was revealed to me so that you If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “He revealed the mystery to me so that you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 2 30 ca22 figs-synecdoche 0 know the thoughts deep within you This phrase is using the word “you” referring to the person’s mind. Alternate translation: “know the thoughts deep inside your mind” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
DAN 2 32 qp26 0 was made of fine gold Alternate translation: “was of fine gold” or “was fine gold”
DAN 2 33 n7d7 0 were made partly of iron and partly of clay Alternate translation: “were partly of iron and partly of clay” or “were partly iron and partly clay”
DAN 2 34 e77j figs-activepassive 0 a stone was cut out, although not by human hands, and it This can be stated in active form if it is divided into two sentences. Alternate translation: “someone cut a stone from a mountain, but it was not a human who cut it. The stone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 2 35 si32 figs-simile 0 like the chaff of the threshing floors in the summer This phrase is comparing the pieces of the statue to small and light things which could be blown away by the wind. Alternate translation: “like dry pieces of grass blowing away in the wind” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
DAN 2 35 fe57 figs-litotes 0 there was no trace of them left This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “they were completely gone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
DAN 2 35 nfy2 0 filled the whole earth Alternate translation: “spread over the whole earth”
DAN 2 36 utl6 figs-pronouns 0 Now we will tell the king Here “we” refers only to Daniel. He may have used to plural form in humility to avoid taking credit for knowing the meaning of the dream that God had revealed to him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
DAN 2 37 e2xg 0 king of the kings Alternate translation: “the most important king” or “a king who rules over other kings”
DAN 2 37 gfj7 figs-doublet 0 the power, the strength These words mean basically the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
DAN 2 38 lz1m figs-metonymy 0 He has given into your hand the place Here “hand” refers to control. Alternate translation: “He has given you control over the place” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 2 38 ed9h figs-metonymy 0 the place where the human beings live The place is used to represent the people who live there. Alternate translation: “the people of the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 2 38 t4ew figs-metonymy 0 He has given over the animals … into your hand Here “hand” refers to control. Alternate translation: “He has given you control over the animals of the fields and the birds of the heavens” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 2 38 flm9 0 birds of the heavens Here “heavens” is used in the sense of “skies.”
DAN 2 38 ffq7 writing-symlanguage 0 You are the statue’s head of gold In the king’s dream the statue’s head represents the king. Alternate translation: “The golden head symbolizes you” or “The golden head is a symbol of you and your power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
DAN 2 39 t5ct figs-explicit 0 another kingdom will arise In the king’s dream his kingdom is gold so an inferior kingdom would be silver. Alternate translation: “another kingdom, which is of silver, will arise” or “another kingdom, which is represented by the silver parts of the statue, will arise” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
DAN 2 39 c45r writing-symlanguage 0 yet a third kingdom of bronze This is symbolic language where the bronze of parts of the statue represent a future kingdom. Alternate translation: “then still another kingdom, which is represented by the bronze parts of the statue” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
DAN 2 39 k4z1 translate-ordinal 0 a third kingdom “kingdom number three” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
DAN 2 40 q2dl translate-ordinal 0 There will be a fourth kingdom “There will be a kingdom number four” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
DAN 2 40 d7bf figs-simile 0 strong as iron The fourth kingdom is spoken of as being as strong as iron. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
DAN 2 40 rjj2 writing-symlanguage 0 It will shatter all these things and crush them This symbolic language means the fourth kingdom will defeat and replace the other kingdoms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
DAN 2 40 qn2j 0 all these things Alternate translation: “the previous kingdoms”
DAN 2 41 lp4z 0 Just as you saw Nebuchadnezzar saw that the feet consisted of clay and iron. He did not see the process of making the feet.
DAN 2 41 bc2q figs-activepassive 0 were partly made of baked clay and partly made of iron If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “were a mixture of baked clay and iron” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 2 43 c3hf 0 they will not stay together Alternate translation: “they will not remain united”
DAN 2 44 fan9 0 In the days of those kings Here “those kings” refers to the rulers of the kingdoms symbolized by the different parts of the statue.
DAN 2 44 d96c figs-activepassive 0 that will never be destroyed, nor will it be conquered by another people If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that no one will ever destroy, and that another people never conquer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 2 45 u69a figs-activepassive 0 a stone was cut out of the mountain, but not by human hands If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “someone cut a stone from the mountain, but it was not a human who cut it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 2 45 xc85 0 reliable trustworthy and correct
DAN 2 46 hb4s translate-symaction 0 fell on his face This symbolic act showed that the king was honoring Daniel. Alternate translation: “lay down with his face on the ground” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
DAN 2 46 xf46 figs-activepassive 0 an offering be made and that incense be offered up to him If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “his servants make an offering and offer up incense to Daniel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 2 47 jz9s 0 Truly your God Alternate translation: “It is true that your God”
DAN 2 47 q3ru 0 the God of gods, the Lord of kings Alternate translation: “greater than all the other gods, and King over all other kings”
DAN 2 47 ifr1 0 the one who reveals mysteries Translate “the one who reveals mysteries” as in [Daniel 2:29](../02/29.md).
DAN 2 47 h6md 0 to reveal this mystery Alternate translation: “to reveal the mystery of my dream”
DAN 2 48 lz5p 0 He made him ruler Alternate translation: “The king made Daniel the ruler”
DAN 2 49 pp5r 0 Shadrach … Meshach … Abednego These were the Babylonian names of the three Jewish men who were brought to Babylon with Daniel. See how you translated these names in [Daniel 1:7](../01/07.md)
DAN 3 intro fc6f 0 # Daniel 3 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter
### The king’s new idol
Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego refused to worship the new idol. In the ancient Near East, refusing to worship the king was a sign of rebellion against the king. It was often considered the crime of treason. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sign]])
### The furnace
There was a fourth person with them in the furnace, and because of this they were not hurt. Most scholars believe this to be Jesus before he was born.
DAN 3 1 vj2c figs-metonymy 0 Nebuchadnezzar made a gold statue … He set it up Nebuchadnezzar commanded his men to do this work, he did not do the work himself. Alternate translation: “Nebuchadnezzar commanded his men to make a gold statue … They set it up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 3 1 l4e2 translate-bdistance 0 sixty cubits tall and six cubits wide A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “about 27 meters tall and almost 3 meters wide” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
DAN 3 1 r51y translate-names 0 Plain of Dura This is a location within the kingdom of Babylon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
DAN 3 2 pj4s 0 provincial governors … regional governors … local governors These are officials who have authority over different sizes of territory.
DAN 3 2 yr48 0 treasurers These officials are in charge of money.
DAN 3 3 qh6f 0 the provincial governors, regional governors,…officials of the provinces See how you translated this list in [Daniel 3:2](../03/02.md).
DAN 3 3 wy5b figs-metonymy 0 the statue that Nebuchadnezzar had set up Nebuchadnezzar commanded his men to do this work, he did not do the work himself. Alternate translation: “the statue that Nebuchadnezzar’s men had set up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 3 4 huk2 0 herald This person is an official messenger for the king.
DAN 3 4 z125 figs-activepassive 0 You are commanded If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. “The king commands you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 3 4 by5m figs-metonymy 0 peoples, nations, and languages Here “nations” and “languages” represent people from different nations who speak different languages. Alternate translation: “people from different nations and who speak different languages” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 3 5 xs6t 0 zithers These are musical instruments similar to harps. They are shaped like triangles and have four strings.
DAN 3 5 c6tz 0 fall down Here “fall down” means “quickly lie down”
DAN 3 5 mml9 translate-symaction 0 prostrate yourselves to “stretch yourselves out on the ground face down in worship of” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
DAN 3 6 z9s5 figs-activepassive 0 Whoever does not fall down and worship, at that very moment, will be thrown into a blazing furnace If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The soldiers will throw into a blazing furnace anyone who does not fall down and worship the statue at the very moment they hear the music” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 3 6 xue4 0 fall down Here “fall down” means “quickly lie down”
DAN 3 6 x9ik 0 blazing furnace This is a large room filled with a hot fire.
DAN 3 7 x2pp 0 all the peoples, nations, and languages Here “all” that means all the people who were present.
DAN 3 7 y1q9 figs-metonymy 0 peoples, nations, and languages Here “nations” and “languages” represent people from different nations who speak different languages. See how you translated this in [Daniel 3:4](../03/04.md). Alternate translation: “people from different nations and who spoke different languages” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 3 7 i26f 0 the horns, flutes … and pipes These are musical instruments. See how you translated these words in [Daniel 3:5](../03/05.md).
DAN 3 7 vyk5 0 fell down Here “fell down” means “quickly lay down”
DAN 3 7 xg6t translate-symaction 0 prostrated themselves to They did this to worship the statue. Alternate translation: “stretched themselves out on the ground face down in worship of” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
DAN 3 7 mi49 figs-metonymy 0 the golden statue that Nebuchadnezzar the king had set up Nebuchadnezzar commanded his men to do this work, he did not do the work himself. Alternate translation: “the golden statue that King Nebuchadnezzar’s men had set up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 3 8 vy1k 0 Now This word is used to mark a break in the main story line. Here the writer tells about some new people in the story.
DAN 3 9 hf48 0 King, live forever This was a common greeting to the king.
DAN 3 10 dzb5 0 the horns, flutes … and pipes These are musical instruments. See how you translated these words in [Daniel 3:5](../03/05.md).
DAN 3 10 jiv5 0 fall down Here “fall down” means “quickly lie down”
DAN 3 10 h3iu translate-symaction 0 prostrate himself to The people would do this to worship the statue. Alternate translation: “stretch himself out on the ground face down in worship of” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
DAN 3 11 u6bm figs-activepassive 0 Whoever does not fall down and worship must be thrown into a blazing furnace If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Soldiers must throw into a blazing furnace anyone who does not lie down on the ground and worship” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 3 11 qdc6 0 fall down Here “fall down” means “quickly lie down”
DAN 3 11 p2l2 0 blazing furnace This is a large room filled with a hot fire. See how you translated this in [Daniel 3:6](../03/06.md).
DAN 3 12 in2b 0 affairs matters having to do with government
DAN 3 12 anm2 0 Shadrach … Meshach … Abednego These are the Babylonian names of the three Jewish friends of Daniel. See how you translated these names in [Daniel 1:7](../01/07.md).
DAN 3 12 ejy1 0 pay no attention to you Alternate translation: “do not pay attention to you”
DAN 3 12 e3hs translate-symaction 0 prostrate themselves They would do this to worship the statue. Alternate translation: “stretch themselves out on the ground face down in worship” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
DAN 3 12 a7m8 figs-metonymy 0 the golden statue you have set up Nebuchadnezzar commanded his men to do this work, he did not do the work himself. Alternate translation: “the golden statue your men have set up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 3 13 z18y figs-metaphor 0 filled with anger and rage Nebuchadnezzar’s anger and rage were so intense that they are spoken of as if they had filled him up. Here “anger” and “rage” mean about the same thing and are used to emphasize how upset the king was. Alternate translation: “extremely angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
DAN 3 13 jjl4 0 Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego These are the Babylonian names of the three Jewish friends of Daniel. See how you translated these names in [Daniel 1:7](../01/07.md).
DAN 3 14 ew5t figs-metonymy 0 Have you made your minds up Here “mind” refers to deciding. To “make up your mind” is an idiom that means to firmly decide. Alternate translation: “Have you firmly decided” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
DAN 3 14 nn2t translate-symaction 0 prostrate yourselves to The three men would not do this to worship the statue. Alternate translation: “stretch yourselves out on the ground face down in worship of” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
DAN 3 14 t6f3 figs-metonymy 0 the golden statue that I have set up Nebuchadnezzar commanded his men to do this work, he did not do the work himself. Alternate translation: “the golden statue that my men have set up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 3 15 kak3 0 the horns, flutes … and pipes These are musical instruments. See how you translated this list in [Daniel 3:5](../03/05.md).
DAN 3 15 l9el 0 fall down Here “fall down” means “quickly lie down”
DAN 3 15 ws27 translate-symaction 0 prostrate yourselves to stretch yourselves out on the ground face down in worship of” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
DAN 3 15 vth1 0 all will be well Alternate translation: “there will no longer be a problem” or “you will be free to go”
DAN 3 15 td6r figs-metonymy 0 the statue that I have made Nebuchadnezzar commanded his men to do this work, he did not do the work himself. Alternate translation: “the statue that my men have made” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 3 15 gz3y figs-activepassive 0 you will immediately be thrown into a blazing furnace If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “my soldiers will immediately throw you into a blazing furnace” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 3 15 sl8a 0 blazing furnace This is a large room filled with a hot fire. See how you translated this in [Daniel 3:6](../03/06.md).
DAN 3 15 z8gt figs-rquestion 0 Who is the god … my hands? The king does not expect an answer. He is threatening the three men. Alternate translation: “No god is able to rescue you from my power!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
DAN 3 15 hw83 figs-metonymy 0 out of my hands Here “hands” refers to power to punish. Alternate translation: “from my punishment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 3 17 d2kc 0 blazing furnace This is a large room filled with a hot fire. See how you translated this in [Daniel 3:6](../03/06.md).
DAN 3 17 sj5q figs-metonymy 0 out of your hand Here “hand” refers to power to punish. Alternate translation: “from your punishment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 3 18 mc1d 0 But if not, let it be known to you, king, that Alternate translation: “But king, we must let you know that even if our God does not rescue us”
DAN 3 18 p84a translate-symaction 0 prostrate ourselves to People would do this to worship their gods. Alternate translation: “stretch ourselves out on the ground face down in worship of” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
DAN 3 18 iq7t figs-metonymy 0 the golden statue you set up Nebuchadnezzar commanded his men to do this work, he did not do the work himself. Alternate translation: “the golden statue your men set up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 3 19 bt7k figs-metaphor 0 Nebuchadnezzar was filled with rage The king was so angry that rage is spoken of as if it were filling him up. Alternate translation: “Nebuchadnezzar became extremely angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
DAN 3 19 e99g figs-idiom 0 He commanded that the furnace should be heated seven times hotter than it was normally heated Here “seven times hotter” is an idiom that means to make it very much hotter. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “He commanded his men to make the furnace very much hotter than they normally make it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 3 21 r7tt 0 turbans A turban is a head covering made of wrapped cloth.
DAN 3 21 xya5 0 blazing furnace This is a large room filled with a hot fire. See how you translated this in [Daniel 3:6](../03/06.md).
DAN 3 22 v2v9 figs-activepassive 0 Because the king’s command was strictly followed If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Because the men did exactly what the king commanded” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 3 24 kzd8 0 Did we not throw three men tied up into the fire Alternate translation: “We threw three men tied up into the fire, right”
DAN 3 25 gy5s translate-ordinal 0 The brilliance of the fourth is like a son of the gods The gods were believed to shine brightly with light. Alternate translation: “Man four is shining brightly with light as a son of the gods would shine” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
DAN 3 27 ru5i 0 The provincial governors, regional governors, other governors These are officials who have authority over different sizes of territory. See how you translated these in [Daniel 3:2](../03/02.md).
DAN 3 27 g7e8 figs-activepassive 0 the hair on their heads was not singed If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the fire had not singed the hair on their heads” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 3 27 jr79 0 was not singed Alternate translation: “was not burned even a little”
DAN 3 27 nuu7 figs-activepassive 0 their robes were not harmed If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the fire did not harm their robes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 3 27 hv4b 0 there was no smell of fire on them Alternate translation: “they did not smell like fire”
DAN 3 28 x5ha figs-metaphor 0 they set aside my command Not obeying the king’s command is spoken of as if they had physically moved it away from them. Alternate translation: “they ignored my command” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
DAN 3 28 uld8 figs-idiom 0 they gave up their bodies This phrase refers to the three men’s willingness to die for what they believed. Alternate translation: “they were willing to die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
DAN 3 28 iz7q translate-symaction 0 prostrate themselves to People would do this to worship their gods. Alternate translation: “stretch themselves out on the ground face down in honor of” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
DAN 3 28 s95d 0 any god except their God Alternate translation: “any other god except their God”
DAN 3 29 pnl6 figs-activepassive 0 any people, nation, or language … must be torn apart, and that their houses must be made into rubbish heaps If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “my servants will tear apart any people, nation, or language … and make their houses into piles of garbage” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 3 29 h7gq figs-metonymy 0 any people, nation, or language that speaks Here “nations” and “language” represent people from different nations who speak different languages. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Daniel 3:4](../03/04.md). Alternate translation: “any people from any nation, or those who speak any language that says” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 3 29 qb3c 0 speaks anything against the God Alternate translation: “speaks words that do not respect the God”
DAN 3 29 t5vb 0 must be torn apart Alternate translation: “must have their bodies torn apart”
DAN 3 29 lw5h 0 there is no other god who is able to save like this This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “only their God is able to save like this”
DAN 4 intro du52 0 # Daniel 4 General Notes
## Structure and formatting
Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 4:3 and 4:34-35.
## Special concepts in this chapter
### The king becomes insane
The king became insane until he realized that Yahweh was the ruler over everyone, including him.
DAN 4 1 s72g figs-123person 0 General Information: In this chapter, Nebuchadnezzar tells what God did to him. In verses 1-18, Nebuchadnezzar describes in the first person his vision from God. Verses 19-33 switch to the third person to describe the punishment of Nebuchadnezzar. Verses 34-37 change back to first person as Nebuchadnezzar describes his response to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
DAN 4 1 ykj3 figs-metonymy 0 King Nebuchadnezzar sent This phrase is referring to the king’s messenger as the king himself. Alternate translation: “Nebuchadnezzar sent his messengers with” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 4 1 sx24 figs-metonymy 0 peoples, nations, and languages Here “nations” and “languages” represent people from different nations who speak different languages. See how you translated this in [Daniel 3:4](../03/04.md). Alternate translation: “people from different nations and who speak different languages” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 4 1 rcl7 figs-hyperbole 0 who lived on the earth Kings would often exaggerate how wide their kingdom was. Nebuchadnezzar did rule over most of the known world at the time this book was written. Alternate translation: “who lived in the kingdom of Babylon” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
DAN 4 1 ew1j 0 May your peace increase This is a common greeting.
DAN 4 2 t8rl figs-doublet 0 signs and wonders These words share similar meanings and refer to the amazing things that God had done. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
DAN 4 3 jyl3 figs-parallelism 0 How great are his signs, and how mighty are his wonders! Both of these phrases have the same meaning and are used to emphasize how great God’s signs and wonders are. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
DAN 4 3 mz21 figs-parallelism 0 His kingdom is … generation to generation Both of these phrases have the same meaning and are repeated to emphasize how God’s reign is forever. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
DAN 4 4 xpm6 figs-123person 0 General Information: In verses 1-18, Nebuchadnezzar describes in the first person his vision from God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
DAN 4 4 p8nt figs-parallelism 0 was living happily … was enjoying prosperity These two phrases are parallel and mean the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
DAN 4 4 zv52 figs-doublet 0 my house … my palace These two phrases mean basically the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
DAN 4 5 fmk5 figs-doublet 0 a dream … the images … the visions These phrases mean basically the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
DAN 4 5 u6n6 figs-parallelism 0 made me afraid … troubled me These phrases are parallel and they mean the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
DAN 4 6 ep7g 0 all the men of Babylon who had wisdom Alternate translation: “all the wise men of Babylon”
DAN 4 7 l5u7 figs-123person 0 General Information: In verses 1-18, Nebuchadnezzar describes in the first person his vision from God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
DAN 4 8 aej3 figs-activepassive 0 who is named Belteshazzar If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “who I named Belteshazzar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 4 8 dhx3 0 Belteshazzar This was the name the Babylonians gave to Daniel. See how you translated this name in [Daniel 1:7](../01/07.md).
DAN 4 9 x1x7 0 no mystery is too difficult for you The can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “you understand the meaning of every mystery”
DAN 4 10 vz2b figs-123person 0 General Information: In verses 1-18, Nebuchadnezzar describes in the first person his vision from God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
DAN 4 10 ra4y 0 sights things that you see
DAN 4 10 h4t8 0 its height was very great Alternate translation: “it was very tall”
DAN 4 11 w5t1 writing-symlanguage 0 Its top reached to the heavens … it could be seen to the ends of the whole earth This is symbolic language that exaggerates how tall and how well-known the tree was. Alternate translation: “It seemed that its top reached up to the sky and that everyone in the world could see it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
DAN 4 12 c94i 0 its fruit was abundant Alternate translation: “there was a lot of fruit on the tree”
DAN 4 12 bvq7 0 was food for all Alternate translation: “was food for all people and animals”
DAN 4 13 s8rq figs-123person 0 General Information: In verses 1-18, Nebuchadnezzar describes in the first person his vision from God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
DAN 4 13 mze4 0 I saw in my mind This refers to seeing a dream or vision. Alternate translation: “I saw in my dream”
DAN 4 14 l1nv figs-explicit 0 He shouted and said It can be made clear that the holy messenger was speaking to more than one person. Alternate translation: “He shouted to some people and said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
DAN 4 14 rd55 0 Let the animals flee … from its branches Alternate translation: “The animals will flee from under it and the bird will fly away from its branches”
DAN 4 15 eb7u 0 stump of its roots This is the part of the tree that is left above the ground after a tree is cut down.
DAN 4 15 e8lj 0 dew the moisture on the ground that is found in the mornings
DAN 4 16 f3wx figs-pronouns 0 Let his mind be changed … seven years pass by Since the tree represents Nebuchadnezzar, the masculine pronouns “his” and “him” in verse 16 refer to the same tree as the neuter pronoun “it” in verse 15. Alternate translation: “The man’s mind will change from a man’s mind to an animal’s mind for a period of seven years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
DAN 4 17 k6kq figs-123person 0 General Information: In verses 1-18, Nebuchadnezzar describes in the first person his vision from God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
DAN 4 17 j1fe figs-activepassive 0 It is a decision made by the holy ones If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The holy ones have made this decision” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 4 17 m2np figs-explicit 0 the holy ones This phrase probably refers to angels. Alternate translation: “the holy angels” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
DAN 4 17 y8ih 0 those who are alive Alternate translation: “every living person” or “everyone”
DAN 4 17 aas5 0 gives them Alternate translation: “gives the kingdoms”
DAN 4 18 kjd4 0 Belteshazzar This was the name the Babylonians gave to Daniel. See how you translated this name in [Daniel 1:7](../01/07.md).
DAN 4 18 jr6i 0 you are able to do so Alternate translation: “you are able to interpret it”
DAN 4 18 pl5q 0 the spirit of the holy gods Nebuchadnezzar believed that Daniel’s power came from the false gods that Nebuchadnezzar worshiped. These are not the same as “the holy ones” in verse 17. See how you translated this phrase in [Daniel 4:8](../04/08.md).
DAN 4 19 n8fk figs-123person 0 General Information: Verses 19-33 use the third person to describe the punishment of Nebuchadnezzar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
DAN 4 19 u9rc figs-activepassive 0 who was also named Belteshazzar If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “who I also named Belteshazzar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 4 19 a33v figs-explicit 0 was greatly upset for a while, and his thoughts alarmed him Daniel’s understanding of the meaning of the vision is what alarmed him. This can be explicitly stated. Alternate translation: “did not say anything for some time because he was very worried about the meaning of the dream” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
DAN 4 19 kf99 0 may the dream be for those who hate you; may its interpretation be for your enemies Daniel is expressing his wish that the dream was not about Nebuchadnezzar, even though he knew that it really was about the king.
DAN 4 20 vj36 figs-123person 0 General Information: Verses 19-33 use the third person to describe the punishment of Nebuchadnezzar (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]). Many terms in this verse are almost the same as in [Daniel 4:11](../04/11.md). See how you translated that verse.
DAN 4 20 x69s figs-hyperbole 0 to the heavens … to the ends of the whole earth These phrases are exaggerations to emphasize that everyone everywhere knew how great Nebuchadnezzar was. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
DAN 4 21 mm9p 0 General Information: Many terms in this verse are almost the same as [Daniel 4:12](../04/12.md). See how you translated that verse.
DAN 4 21 rfj9 0 whose fruit was abundant Alternate translation: “which bore a great amount of fruit”
DAN 4 22 uq3h 0 this tree is you, king Alternate translation: “this tree represents you, king”
DAN 4 22 gfs2 figs-parallelism 0 Your greatness has grown … your authority reaches These two phrases mean similar things. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
DAN 4 22 s8jt figs-personification 0 Your greatness has grown This phrase is using the word “grown” as a way of saying the king’s greatness has increased. Alternate translation: “Your greatness has increased” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
DAN 4 23 w9s5 figs-123person 0 General Information: This verse is almost the same as [Daniel 4:13-14](./13.md) and [Daniel 4:15-16](./15.md). See how you translated those verses. Verses 19-33 use the third person to describe the punishment of Nebuchadnezzar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
DAN 4 23 c89t 0 the stump of its roots This is the part of the tree that is left above ground after a tree is cut down.
DAN 4 23 i27p 0 in the middle of the tender grass of the field Alternate translation: “surrounded by the tender grass of the field”
DAN 4 23 bx4z 0 dew the moisture that settles on the ground in the mornings
DAN 4 24 f3tz 0 that has reached you Alternate translation: “that you have heard”
DAN 4 25 fd8s figs-activepassive 0 You will be driven from among men If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Men will drive you away from them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 4 25 gq52 figs-activepassive 0 You will be made to eat grass If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You will eat grass” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 4 26 fgn1 figs-123person 0 General Information: Verses 19-33 use the third person to describe the punishment of Nebuchadnezzar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
DAN 4 26 tcg3 figs-metonymy 0 heaven rules Here “heaven” refers to God who lives in heaven. Alternate translation: “God in heaven is the ruler of all” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 4 27 yna6 figs-activepassive 0 let my advice be acceptable to you If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “please accept my advice” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 4 27 s3j8 figs-metaphor 0 Turn away from your iniquities Here rejecting iniquity is spoken of as turning away from it. Alternate translation: “Reject your iniquities” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
DAN 4 27 j7av figs-nominaladj 0 the oppressed This nominal adjective refers to people who are oppressed. Alternate translation: “people who are oppressed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
DAN 4 27 a7um figs-activepassive 0 it may be that your prosperity will be extended If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “God may extend your prosperity” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 4 28 rq19 figs-123person 0 General Information: Verses 19-33 use the third person to describe the punishment of Nebuchadnezzar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
DAN 4 29 jn5h figs-123person 0 General Information: Verses 19-33 use the third person to describe the punishment of Nebuchadnezzar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
DAN 4 29 ns6t translate-numbers 0 Twelve months “12 months” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
DAN 4 30 p8hi figs-rquestion 0 Is this not the great Babylon … for the glory of my majesty? Nebuchadnezzar asks this question to emphasize his own glory. If your readers would misunderstand this question, you can express it as a statement. Alternate translation: “This is the great Babylon … for the glory of my majesty!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
DAN 4 30 csl9 0 for the glory of my majesty Alternate translation: “to show people my honor and my greatness”
DAN 4 31 g7xg figs-123person 0 General Information: Verses 19-33 use the third person to describe the punishment of Nebuchadnezzar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
DAN 4 31 fjl7 figs-idiom 0 While the words were still on the lips of the king This idiom means the king was still in the act of speaking. Alternate translation: “While the king was still speaking” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
DAN 4 31 cv67 0 a voice came from heaven Alternate translation: “he heard a voice from heaven”
DAN 4 31 pt4u figs-activepassive 0 King Nebuchadnezzar … has been taken away from you If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “King Nebuchadnezzar, a decree went out against you that this kingdom no longer belongs to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 4 32 f4us figs-activepassive 0 You will be driven away from people If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “People will chase you away from them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 4 32 m551 0 anyone he wishes Alternate translation: “whoever he chooses”
DAN 4 33 ydj8 figs-123person 0 General Information: Verses 19-33 use the third person to describe the punishment of Nebuchadnezzar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
DAN 4 33 xpp3 figs-activepassive 0 This decree against Nebuchadnezzar was carried out immediately If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “This decree against Nebuchadnezzar happened immediately” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 4 33 chd6 figs-activepassive 0 He was driven away from people If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “People chased him away from them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 4 33 t4b6 0 his nails became like birds’ claws Alternate translation: “his fingernails looked like birds’ claws”
DAN 4 34 amm1 figs-123person 0 General Information: In verses 34-37 Nebuchadnezzar speaks in the first person to describe his response to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
DAN 4 34 b17l 0 At the end of the days This refers back to the seven years in [Daniel 4:32](../04/32.md).
DAN 4 34 ltf5 figs-activepassive 0 my sanity was given back to me If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “my sanity came back to me” or “I became sane again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 4 34 ucj3 figs-parallelism 0 I praised … and I honored The two phrases refer to the same action. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
DAN 4 34 nk8u figs-parallelism 0 For his reign is an everlasting reign … his kingdom endures from all generations to all generations These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are used to emphasize how God’s reign never ends. Alternate translation: “He rules forever and his kingdom will never end” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
DAN 4 35 ce6u figs-123person 0 General Information: In verses 34-37 Nebuchadnezzar speaks in the first person to describe his response to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
DAN 4 35 dgr8 figs-activepassive 0 All the earth’s inhabitants are considered by him to be as nothing If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “He considers all the earth’s inhabitants as nothing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 4 35 cpy8 0 All the earth’s inhabitants Alternate translation: “All the people on the earth”
DAN 4 35 p415 0 the army of heaven Alternate translation: “the angel armies in heaven”
DAN 4 35 zpn8 0 whatever suits his will Alternate translation: “whatever satisfies his purpose” or “anything he wants to do”
DAN 4 35 im6k figs-explicit 0 No one can stop him It may be helpful to add additional detail. Alternate translation: “When he decides to do something, no one can stop him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
DAN 4 35 ebf8 figs-quotations 0 No one can say to him, ‘Why have you done this?’ This can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “No one can question what he does.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
DAN 4 36 m6m5 figs-123person 0 General Information: In verses 34-37 Nebuchadnezzar speaks in the first person to describe his response to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
DAN 4 36 rz1d figs-personification 0 my sanity returned to me Here his sanity is spoken of as if it was able to return by its own power. Alternate translation: “I became sane again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
DAN 4 36 pb8a figs-personification 0 my majesty and splendor returned to me Here his majesty and splendor are spoken of as if they were able to return by their own power. Alternate translation: “I regained my majesty and my splendor again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
DAN 4 36 nq38 figs-doublet 0 majesty and splendor These words mean basically the same thing and emphasize the greatness of his glory. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
DAN 4 36 c3xy 0 my noblemen sought my favor Alternate translation: “my noblemen requested my help again”
DAN 4 36 ks6b figs-metonymy 0 I was brought … greatness was given to me Here “throne” refers to his authority to rule. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I returned to rule my kingdom again, and I received even more greatness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 4 37 zgl2 figs-doublet 0 praise, extol, and honor All three of these words have basically the same meaning and emphasize how greatly he praised God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
DAN 4 37 g1df figs-idiom 0 who walk in their own pride This phrase uses “walk” to refer to the person who acts proud. Alternate translation: “who are proud” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
DAN 5 intro e9pc 0 # Daniel 5 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter
### The writing on the wall
God told the new king that he had failed and God was replacing him, showing that God is the real ruler over everything, even kingdoms that do not worship him.
## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter
### Mene, Mene, Tekel, Upharsin
These are words in Aramaic. Daniel “transliterates” these words by writing them with Hebrew letters, and then he explains their meanings. In the ULT and UST they are written with English letters. Translators are encouraged to write them using the letters of the target language alphabet.
DAN 5 1 cc4z translate-names 0 Belshazzar This is the son of Nebuchadnezzar who became king after his father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
DAN 5 1 ix8k translate-numbers 0 for a thousand “for 1,000” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
DAN 5 1 tre4 0 he drank wine in front of Alternate translation: “he drank wine in the presence of”
DAN 5 2 cz6e figs-activepassive 0 the containers made of gold or silver If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the gold or silver containers that the Israelites had made” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 5 2 gsi3 0 containers These were cups and other items that were small enough for a person to hold and to drink from them.
DAN 5 2 lad2 figs-metonymy 0 Nebuchadnezzar his father had taken Here “Nebuchadnezzar” refers to Nebuchadnezzar’s army. Alternate translation: “his father Nebuchadnezzar’s army” or “the army of Nebuchadnezzar his father had taken” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 5 3 i1zm figs-activepassive 0 the gold containers that had been taken out of the temple If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the gold containers that the army of Nebuchadnezzar had taken out of the temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 5 3 msp6 0 out of the temple, the house of God “out of God’s temple.” The phrase “the house of God” tells us something more about the temple.
DAN 5 5 lkd1 0 At that moment Alternate translation: “As soon as they did that” or “Suddenly”
DAN 5 5 cra1 0 plaster cement or mud that is spread on walls or ceilings to give them a smooth hard surface when it dries
DAN 5 6 jn25 0 the king’s face changed “his face became pale.” This was caused by his fear.
DAN 5 6 gbd6 0 his limbs Alternate translation: “his legs”
DAN 5 6 iee9 0 his knees were knocking together This was the result of his extreme fear.
DAN 5 7 gz5c 0 those known for their wisdom in Babylon This refers back to those who claimed to speak with the dead, the wise men, and the astrologers.
DAN 5 7 ybp9 figs-activepassive 0 Whoever explains this writing and its meaning will be clothed with purple and will have a gold chain around his neck If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I will give purple clothes and a gold neck chain to whoever explains this writing and its meaning” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 5 7 ms1t figs-explicit 0 clothed with purple Purple cloth was rare and reserved for royal officials. Alternate translation: “dressed in royal clothing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
DAN 5 7 x9vi translate-ordinal 0 the third highest ruler “the number three ruler” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
DAN 5 9 n4ln translate-names 0 Belshazzar This is the son of Nebuchadnezzar who became king after his father. See how you wrote this name in [Daniel 5:1](../05/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
DAN 5 9 gla9 0 the look on his face changed “his face became even more pale.” The face of the king grew even more pale than in [Daniel 5:6](../05/06.md).
DAN 5 9 w9st 0 perplexed unable to understand, confused
DAN 5 10 rw3v 0 the queen Some modern versions understand this to be a reference to the queen mother, that is, to the king’s mother. The queen mother received much honor in ancient Babylon.
DAN 5 10 x55i 0 King, live forever! This was a normal way to greet the king.
DAN 5 10 zq7c 0 Do not let the look on your face change Alternate translation: “There is no need for your face to look so pale”
DAN 5 11 bql4 0 the spirit of the holy gods The queen believed that Daniel’s power came from the false gods that Nebuchadnezzar worshiped. See how you translated this phrase in [Daniel 4:8](../04/08.md).
DAN 5 11 c4n6 0 In the days of your father Alternate translation: “When your father was ruling”
DAN 5 11 ss1z figs-activepassive 0 light and understanding and wisdom like the wisdom of the gods was found in him If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he had light and understanding and wisdom like the wisdom of the gods” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 5 11 jg2l 0 King Nebuchadnezzar, your father the king Alternate translation: “Your father, King Nebuchadnezzar”
DAN 5 12 n7wa figs-activepassive 0 these qualities were found in this man Daniel, whom the king named Belteshazzar If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “this same Daniel, whom the king named Belteshazzar, had all of these qualities” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 5 12 b8d3 figs-activepassive 0 what has been written “what has been written on the wall.” If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “what the hand wrote on the wall” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 5 13 hn7g figs-activepassive 0 Then Daniel was brought before the king If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Then they brought Daniel before the king” or “Then the soldiers brought Daniel before the king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 5 13 sd23 figs-metonymy 0 whom my father the king brought out of Judah In this phrase “father” is being used to represent all of the soldiers. Alternate translation: “whom my father’s soldiers brought out of Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 5 14 yxu5 0 the spirit of the gods Belshazzar believed that Daniel’s power came from the false gods that Belshazzar worshiped. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Daniel 4:8](../04/08.md).
DAN 5 14 y4ey figs-activepassive 0 light and understanding and excellent wisdom are found in you If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you have light and understanding and excellent wisdom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 5 15 c33v figs-activepassive 0 Now the men known … have been brought in before me If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Now the men known … have come in before me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 5 15 u817 0 make known to me Alternate translation: “tell me”
DAN 5 16 u2ey figs-activepassive 0 you will be clothed with purple and have a gold chain placed around your neck If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I will give you purple clothes and a gold neck chain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 5 16 iyy2 figs-explicit 0 clothed with purple Purple cloth was rare and reserved for royal officials. Alternate translation: “dressed in royal clothing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
DAN 5 16 pud4 translate-ordinal 0 the third highest ruler “the number three ruler” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
DAN 5 17 evt4 0 Let your gifts be for yourself, and Alternate translation: “I do not want your gifts, so”
DAN 5 19 l2ng figs-hyperbole 0 all peoples, nations, and languages This phrase uses the word “all” as a generalization that represents a large number. Alternate translation: “a great number of people, of different nations and languages” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
DAN 5 19 q693 figs-metonymy 0 peoples, nations, and languages Here “nations” and “languages” represent people from different nations who speak different languages. See how you translated this in [Daniel 3:4](../03/04.md). Alternate translation: “people from different nations and who speak different languages” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 5 19 bqb5 figs-doublet 0 trembled and feared him These words mean basically the same thing and emphasize the intensity of the fear. Alternate translation: “were very afraid of him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
DAN 5 19 ka6v figs-metonymy 0 He put to death those he wanted to die This phrase does not mean King Nebuchadnezzar put people to death himself, but rather those he commanded. Alternate translation: “Nebuchadnezzar commanded his soldiers to kill those he wanted to die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 5 19 t7ri 0 He raised up those he wanted Alternate translation: “He raised up those he wanted to raise up”
DAN 5 19 qzi2 0 wanted … wished These words here mean the same thing.
DAN 5 19 db8z 0 he humbled those he wished Alternate translation: “he humbled those he wished to humble”
DAN 5 20 zu9p figs-synecdoche 0 his heart was arrogant Here “heart” refers to the king himself. Alternate translation: “the king was arrogant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
DAN 5 20 g3wq figs-synecdoche 0 his spirit was hardened Here “spirit” refers to the king himself. His stubbornness is spoken of as if he were hardened. Alternate translation: “the king became stubborn” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
DAN 5 20 w2tx 0 presumptuously rudely and overly confident
DAN 5 20 nl2n figs-metonymy 0 he was brought down from his kingly throne Here “throne” refers to his authority to rule. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the people took away his kingdom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 5 21 sl3g figs-activepassive 0 He was driven away from humanity If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The people chased him away from them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 5 21 v3b5 figs-metonymy 0 he had the mind of an animal Here “mind” represents his thoughts. Alternate translation: “he thought as an animal thinks” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 5 21 amq8 0 dew the moisture on the ground that is found in the mornings
DAN 5 21 m4na 0 anyone he wishes Alternate translation: “whomever he chooses”
DAN 5 22 z72q translate-names 0 Belshazzar This is the son of Nebuchadnezzar who became king after his father. See how you wrote this name in [Daniel 5:1](../05/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
DAN 5 22 ij2g figs-synecdoche 0 have not humbled your heart Here “heart” refers to Belshazzar himself. Alternate translation: “have not humbled yourself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
DAN 5 23 fmz3 figs-metaphor 0 You have lifted yourself up against the Lord To rebel against God is spoken of as raising oneself up against him. Alternate translation: “You have rebelled against the Lord” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
DAN 5 23 qc6h figs-explicit 0 From his house What and where “his house” is can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “From his temple in Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
DAN 5 23 kj78 figs-metonymy 0 God who holds your breath in his hand Here “breath” refers to life and “hand” refers to power or control. Alternate translation: “God who gives you breath” or “God who has control over your entire life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 5 23 th44 0 all your ways Alternate translation: “everything you do”
DAN 5 24 i8fs figs-activepassive 0 this writing was done If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “it wrote this message” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 5 25 rcy6 figs-activepassive 0 This is the writing that was done If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “This is the message that the hand wrote” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 5 25 ea1k translate-transliterate 0 Mene, Mene, Tekel, and Pharsin These are the Aramaic words that were written on the wall. Spell these words with the sounds that fit your language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterate]])
DAN 5 26 tg8v 0 ‘Mene,’ ‘God has numbered Alternate translation: “‘Mene’ means ‘God has numbered”
DAN 5 27 q5iv 0 ‘Tekel,’ ‘you are weighed Alternate translation: “‘Tekel’ means ‘you are weighed”
DAN 5 27 sg5z figs-metaphor 0 you are weighed in the scales and are found lacking Judging the worthiness of the king to rule is spoken of as weighing him. This means that the king is not worthy to rule. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “God has examined your worthiness to rule, and he has found that you are not worthy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 5 28 b18p 0 ‘Peres,’ ‘your kingdom Alternate translation: “‘Peres’ means ‘your kingdom.”
DAN 5 28 jb22 0 Peres This is the singular form of “Pharsin” in 5:25.
DAN 5 28 j1p8 figs-activepassive 0 your kingdom is divided and is given to the Medes and Persians If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “God has divided your kingdom and given it to the Medes and Persians” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 5 29 j9jg translate-names 0 Belshazzar This is the son of Nebuchadnezzar who became king after his father. See how you wrote this name in [Daniel 5:1](../05/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
DAN 5 29 uvj8 figs-activepassive 0 A chain of gold was put around his neck If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “They put a chain of gold around his neck” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 5 29 nfx6 translate-ordinal 0 the third highest ruler “the number three ruler” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
DAN 5 31 c2bj 0 received the kingdom Alternate translation: “became the ruler of the kingdom”
DAN 5 31 y1si translate-numbers 0 when he was about sixty-two years old “when he was about 62 years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
DAN 6 intro a1xc 0 # Daniel 6 General Notes
## Structure and formatting
Some translations set the content of letters farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. The ULT does this with the letter in 6:25-27.
Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in the letter in 6:26-27.
## Special concepts in this chapter
### Daniel and the lions
Daniel was thrown into the lions’ den for praying to Yahweh, but Yahweh protected him and the lions did not hurt him at all.
DAN 6 1 xf5z 0 Connecting Statement: The events in this chapter take place after the Persians conquered the Babylonians and Darius the Mede began to rule in Babylon.
DAN 6 1 y6y9 0 It pleased Darius Alternate translation: “King Darius decided”
DAN 6 1 a1zk translate-numbers 0 120 provincial governors “one hundred and twenty provincial governors” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
DAN 6 2 dd8r 0 Over them The word “them” refers to the 120 provincial governors.
DAN 6 2 u9kb 0 so that the king should suffer no loss Alternate translation: “so that nothing should be stolen from the king” or “so that no one would steal anything from the king”
DAN 6 3 ygu7 0 was distinguished above Alternate translation: “excelled above” or “was more capable than”
DAN 6 3 aig7 figs-synecdoche 0 he had an extraordinary spirit Here “spirit” refers to Daniel. It means he had was unusually capable. Alternate translation: “he was and exceptional person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
DAN 6 3 ef6f 0 extraordinary spirit spirit that made him do better than the others
DAN 6 3 ry6m 0 to put him over Alternate translation: “to give him authority over” or “to put him in charge of”
DAN 6 4 ex6l figs-explicit 0 Then the other chief administrators and the provincial governors … for the kingdom The other administrators were jealous of Daniel. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “Then the other chief administrators and the provincial governors became jealous. So they looked for mistakes in the work Daniel did for the kingdom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
DAN 6 4 rl5p figs-activepassive 0 No mistakes or negligence was found in him If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “They could find no mistakes or negligence in his work” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 6 4 zn7x 0 negligence overly looking your responsibilities
DAN 6 5 ek64 0 to complain against this Daniel Alternate translation: “to complain about Daniel”
DAN 6 6 yf8j 0 brought a plan before the king Alternate translation: “presented a plan to the king”
DAN 6 6 ll7v 0 may you live forever! This was a normal way to greet a king.
DAN 6 7 x89h translate-numbers 0 for thirty days “for 30 days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
DAN 6 7 bw29 0 whoever makes a petition Alternate translation: “whoever makes a request”
DAN 6 7 l2iq figs-activepassive 0 that person must be thrown into the den of lions If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “your soldiers must throw that person into the den of lions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 6 7 h7ip 0 den of lions This may refer to a room or pit where lions were kept.
DAN 6 8 nj57 0 Connecting Statement: In verse 8, the administrators continue to speak to the king.
DAN 6 8 v5i8 0 as directed by the laws Alternate translation: “according to the laws”
DAN 6 8 i7m4 0 cannot be repealed Alternate translation: “cannot be canceled”
DAN 6 9 dt8k 0 making the decree into a law Alternate translation: “making the order into a law”
DAN 6 10 i5vv 0 When Daniel learned that the document had been signed into law It is important to the story to state clearly that Daniel knew about the new law before he prayed to God.
DAN 6 10 r7ul writing-background 0 now his windows were open in his upper room toward Jerusalem This is background information that explains how Daniel’s enemies knew he was praying to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
DAN 6 10 l71q 0 gave thanks before his God Alternate translation: “gave thanks to his God”
DAN 6 11 v5n3 0 plot a plan with evil intent
DAN 6 12 gwm4 0 Did you not make a decree … lions? They asked this question to make the king confirm that he had made the decree.
DAN 6 12 hjs7 0 who makes a petition Alternate translation: “who makes a request”
DAN 6 12 div1 0 den of lions This may refer to a room or pit where lions were kept. See how you translated this in [Daniel 6:7](../06/07.md).
DAN 6 12 zp4n 0 as directed by the law Alternate translation: “according to the law”
DAN 6 13 c3ar 0 That person Daniel This is not a respectful way of referring to Daniel. They intentionally used this phrase to avoid giving Daniel the respect he was due as a chief administrator.
DAN 6 13 jia1 0 who is one of the people of the exile from Judah Alternate translation: “who is an immagrant from Judah”
DAN 6 13 l8eb figs-idiom 0 pays no attention to you This idiom means he ignores the king. Alternate translation: “does not obey you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
DAN 6 14 u8lh figs-metonymy 0 he applied his mind Here “mind” refers to his thinking. Alternate translation: “he thought very hard about how” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 6 14 ts98 0 He labored This refers to mental labor, rather than to physical labor.
DAN 6 15 d92j figs-explicit 0 no decree … can be changed The men were implying that since no decree or statute of the king can be changed, Daniel must be thrown into the pit of lions. This can be stated clearly if needed. Alternate translation: “no decree … can be changed. They must throw Daniel into the pit of lions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
DAN 6 16 zny2 0 they brought in Daniel Alternate translation: “his soldiers went and got Daniel”
DAN 6 16 q3wc 0 lions’ den This may refer to a room or pit where lions were kept. See how you translated this in [Daniel 6:7](../06/07.md).
DAN 6 16 a268 0 May your God … rescue you The king is expressing his desire for God to save Daniel.
DAN 6 16 jd6x 0 rescue you Alternate translation: “save you from the lions”
DAN 6 17 szf5 0 den This may refer to a room or pit where lions were kept. See how you translated this in [Daniel 6:7](../06/07.md).
DAN 6 17 xjj7 figs-explicit 0 the king sealed it with his own signet ring and with the signet rings of his nobles … concerning Daniel The function of the signet ring can be stated clearly. The king and the noblemen pressed their rings into a seal made of wax. Alternate translation: “the king pressed his signet ring into a wax seal, the nobles did this too. No one was allowed to break the seal and help Daniel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
DAN 6 17 p5t2 0 nothing might be changed concerning Daniel Alternate translation: “no one could help Daniel”
DAN 6 18 un1j translate-symaction 0 he went through the night fasting This symbolic act showed that the king was worried about Daniel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
DAN 6 18 a3xd figs-activepassive 0 No entertainment was brought before him If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “He did not have anyone entertain him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 6 18 sb8r figs-personification 0 sleep fled from him Sleep is spoken of as if it could run away from the king. Alternate translation: “he did not sleep at all that night” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
DAN 6 19 e2wc 0 lions’ den This may refer to a room or pit where lions were kept. See how you translated this in [Daniel 6:7](../06/07.md).
DAN 6 22 qn4t figs-activepassive 0 For I was found blameless If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “He knows that I have done nothing wrong” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 6 22 ssq6 0 I have done you no harm Alternate translation: “I have not harmed you at all”
DAN 6 23 r1eg 0 den This may refer to a room or pit where lions were kept. See how you translated this in [Daniel 6:7](../06/07.md).
DAN 6 23 qf7q figs-activepassive 0 No harm was found on him If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “They did not find any wounds on Daniel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 6 24 qwh3 0 Before they reached the floor Alternate translation: “Before they reached the floor of the lions’ den”
DAN 6 24 r63c 0 broke all their bones to pieces Alternate translation: “crushed their bones”
DAN 6 25 ty2g figs-metonymy 0 peoples, nations, and languages Here “nations” and “languages” represent people from different nations who speak different languages. See how you translated this in [Daniel 3:4](../03/04.md). Alternate translation: “people from different nations and who spoke different languages” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 6 25 rl1d figs-hyperbole 0 in all the earth King Darius wrote his message to his entire kingdom which was huge. Here it says “all the earth” as a generalization to emphasis how large his kingdom was, though it did not include everyone on the earth. Alternate translation: “in his kingdom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
DAN 6 25 zkz8 0 May peace increase for you This is a form of greeting that is used to wish someone well in all areas of life.
DAN 6 26 m5v6 0 Connecting Statement: This continues to state the message that Darius sent to everyone in his kingdom.
DAN 6 26 n6v5 figs-doublet 0 tremble and fear These two words are similar and can be combined. Alternate translation: “shake with fear” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
DAN 6 26 s8va 0 the God of Daniel Alternate translation: “the God that Daniel worships”
DAN 6 26 ma86 figs-parallelism 0 he is the living God and lives forever The two phrases “the living God” and “lives forever” express the same concept, that God lives forever. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
DAN 6 26 xw4k figs-parallelism 0 his kingdom shall … his dominion shall These two phrases are parallel, emphasizing how God’s kingdom will never end. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
DAN 6 26 s6yl figs-activepassive 0 his kingdom shall not be destroyed If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “no one will destroy his kingdom” or “his kingdom will last forever” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 6 26 fcy1 0 his dominion shall be to the end Alternate translation: “he will rule forever”
DAN 6 27 bld2 0 he has kept Daniel safe from the strength of the lions Alternate translation: “he has not allowed the strong lions to hurt Daniel”
DAN 6 28 a5br 0 during the reign of Darius and during the reign of Cyrus the Persian Cyrus the Persian was the king who ruled after Darius.
DAN 7 intro e18x 0 # Daniel 7 General Notes
## Structure and formatting
Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 7:9-10, 13-14, and 23-27.
## Special concepts in this chapter
### The four beasts
There will be four successive kingdoms before Yahweh sets up his eternal kingdom. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/eternity]])
### The Son of Man
God will give the Son of Man an eternal kingdom and he will judge people from the books. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sonofman]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]])
DAN 7 1 cw4a writing-symlanguage 0 General Information: Chapters 7 and 8 are not in chronological order. They happened while Belshazzar was still the king, before the rule of Darius and Cyrus that was discussed in chapter 6. In Daniel’s vision, he saw animals that were symbols of other things. Later in the vision someone explains the meaning of those symbols. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
DAN 7 1 dme8 0 Belshazzar This was the name of Nebuchadnezzar’s son, who became king after him. See how you wrote this name in [Daniel 5:1](../05/01.md).
DAN 7 1 xdv1 figs-doublet 0 a dream and visions The words “dream” and “visions” both refer to the same dream that is described in this chapter. Alternate translation: “visions while he was dreaming” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
DAN 7 2 mjk7 0 the four winds of heaven Alternate translation: “winds from everywhere” or “strong winds from all four directions”
DAN 7 2 b48l 0 stirring up Alternate translation: “whipped up” or “agitated” or “caused high waves in”
DAN 7 4 z5hd writing-symlanguage 0 The first was like a lion but had eagle’s wings This was a symbolic creature, and not an animal that exists. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
DAN 7 4 a7n9 figs-activepassive 0 its wings were torn off and it was lifted from the ground and made to stand on two feet, like a man If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “someone tore off its wings and lifted it up from the ground and made it stand on two feet like a human being” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 7 4 y6v7 figs-metonymy 0 The mind of a man was given to it Here “mind” refers to thinking. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Someone gave it the ability to think like a human being” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 7 5 eqm9 writing-symlanguage 0 a second animal, like a bear This was not an actual bear, but a symbolic animal that was similar to a bear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
DAN 7 5 i32b 0 ribs large curved bones of the chest that connect to the spine
DAN 7 5 c38p figs-activepassive 0 It was told If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Someone told it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 7 6 fl2z writing-symlanguage 0 another animal, one that looked like a leopard This was not an actual leopard, but a symbolic animal that was similar to a leopard. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
DAN 7 6 h4ia writing-symlanguage 0 four wings … four heads The four wings and four heads are symbols, but their meaning is unclear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
DAN 7 6 y1jd 0 it had four heads Alternate translation: “the animal had four heads”
DAN 7 6 jpn1 figs-activepassive 0 It was given authority to rule If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Someone gave it authority to rule” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 7 7 g1aj writing-symlanguage 0 a fourth animal … it had ten horns This is also not an actual animal. It is a symbolic creature. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
DAN 7 7 w7ww 0 trampled underfoot Alternate translation: “walked on and crushed”
DAN 7 8 j87p figs-metonymy 0 the horns Translators may write a footnote like this: “Horns are a symbol of power and represent powerful leaders.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 7 8 ga8d figs-activepassive 0 Three of the first horns were wrenched out by the roots If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The little horn tore out three of the first horns” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 7 8 d113 figs-synecdoche 0 a mouth that was boasting about great things Here the horn was boasting, using its mouth to do so. Alternate translation: “the horn had a mouth and boasted about doing great things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
DAN 7 9 dge1 writing-symlanguage 0 General Information: Most of the text of verses 9-14 is symbolic language with parallel lines that have similar meaning. For this reason, the ULT and UST present them in poetic form. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
DAN 7 9 hw4v figs-activepassive 0 thrones were set in place If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “someone set thrones in their places” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 7 9 xvt9 0 the Ancient of Days This is a title for God that means he is eternal. Alternate translation: “the One Who Has Lived Forever” or “the One Who Has Always Lived”
DAN 7 9 rc8y 0 took his seat … His clothing … the hair of his head This passage describes God as sitting down, with clothing and hair like a person. This does not mean that God really is like this, but it is how Daniel saw God in a vision.
DAN 7 9 crh4 figs-idiom 0 took his seat This is an idiom that means he sat down. Alternate translation: “sat down on his throne” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
DAN 7 9 imw8 0 His clothing was as white as snow His clothing is compared to snow to show that it was very white. Alternate translation: “His clothing was very white”
DAN 7 9 d5if figs-simile 0 the hair of his head was like pure wool Something about God’s hair looked like pure wool. This could mean: (1) it was very white or (2) it was thick and curly. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
DAN 7 9 jf7e 0 pure wool Alternate translation: “clean wool” or “wool that is washed”
DAN 7 9 c4le 0 His throne was flames … its wheels were burning fire This describes the throne of God and its wheels as if they were made of fire. The words “flames” and “burning fire” mean basically the same thing and can be translated the same way.
DAN 7 9 lhh4 0 its wheels It is unclear why God’s throne is described as having wheels. Thrones normally do not have wheels, but the text clearly states that this throne has some kind of wheels. Use a general term for “wheels” if possible.
DAN 7 10 rab3 figs-metaphor 0 A river of fire flowed out from before him The quick way in which fire came from the presence of God is spoken of as if it was water flowing in a river. Alternate translation: “Fire poured out in front of him like water in a river” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
DAN 7 10 z1dt 0 before him The word “him” refers to God, the Ancient of Days from [Daniel 7:9](../07/09.md).
DAN 7 10 gka4 0 millions This probably refers to a large group rather than to a precise number. Alternate translation: “thousands of thousands” or “great numbers of people”
DAN 7 10 f9kw 0 one hundred million This probably refers to a large group rather than to a precise number. Alternate translation: “tens of thousands times tens of thousands” or “uncountable numbers of people”
DAN 7 10 h5d3 0 The court was in session This means that God, the judge, was ready to investigate the evidence and make his judgment. Alternate translation: “The judge was ready to judge” or “The judge was seated”
DAN 7 10 pyd5 0 the books were opened These are the books that contain the evidence to be used in court. Alternate translation: “the books of evidence were opened”
DAN 7 11 g8ls figs-activepassive 0 the animal was killed … to be burned up If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “they killed the fourth animal, destroyed its body, and gave it to someone to burn it up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 7 11 tqd6 figs-explicit 0 the animal was killed The animal was killed because the judge determined that it was guilty. Alternate translation: “they executed the animal” or “the judge commanded and they killed the animal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
DAN 7 11 pms3 0 the animal This refers to the fourth animal that had the ten horns and the horn that spoke boastfully. Alternate translation: “the most frightening animal” or “the animal that had the boastful horn”
DAN 7 12 ayx9 0 the rest of the four animals It may be helpful to your readers to say, “the other three animals.”
DAN 7 12 dj5p figs-activepassive 0 their authority to rule was taken away If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the judge took away their authority to rule” or “their authority to rule ended” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 7 12 ru76 figs-activepassive 0 their lives were prolonged for a period of time If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “they continued to live for a period of time” or “the judge let them live a little longer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 7 13 lvf2 writing-symlanguage 0 General Information: Most of the text of verses 9-14 is symbolic language with parallel lines that have similar meaning. For this reason, the ULT presents them in poetic form. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
DAN 7 13 j5t6 figs-simile 0 I saw one coming … like a son of man The person that Daniel saw was not a normal man, but had a human figure like a man. “I also saw that night someone coming who resembled a son of man, that is, he had a human figure” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
DAN 7 13 n5qi 0 with the clouds of heaven Alternate translation: “with the clouds of the sky”
DAN 7 13 ln6w 0 the Ancient of Days This refers to God who is eternal. See how you translated this title in [Daniel 7:9](../07/09.md)
DAN 7 13 pjn2 figs-activepassive 0 was presented before him If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “they presented this son of man to the Ancient of Days” or “he stood before him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 7 14 ai49 figs-activepassive 0 Authority to rule and glory and royal power were given to him If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The one who looked like a son of man received authority to rule, glory, and royal power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 7 14 yv4q 0 royal power This, here, refers to “authority.”
DAN 7 14 hc6k figs-metonymy 0 peoples, nations, and languages Here “nations” and “languages” represent people from different nations who speak different languages. See how you translated this in [Daniel 3:4](../03/04.md). Alternate translation: “people from different nations and who speak different languages” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 7 14 z6xf figs-parallelism 0 will not pass away … will never be destroyed These two phrases mean the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
DAN 7 14 sl8k figs-activepassive 0 that will never be destroyed If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that no one will ever destroy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 7 15 xt3d figs-parallelism 0 my spirit was grieved inside of me … the visions I saw in my mind troubled me These two phrases describe how Daniel was feeling. The second one gives more information about the first one, explaining about his grieved spirit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
DAN 7 15 g5s3 figs-synecdoche 0 my spirit was grieved inside of me Here “my spirit” refers to Daniel himself. Alternate translation: “I was very sad inside” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
DAN 7 16 z2w1 0 one of them standing there This is one of the heavenly beings who were standing before God’s throne. This could mean: (1) these are angels, spirits who serve God (2) these are people who have died and are now in heaven.
DAN 7 16 fhe1 0 to show me Alternate translation: “to tell me” or “to explain to me”
DAN 7 16 x45a 0 these things Alternate translation: “the things I had seen”
DAN 7 17 mw57 0 These large animals, four in number, Alternate translation: “These four large animals”
DAN 7 17 s2iv 0 are four kings Alternate translation: “represent four kings”
DAN 7 17 e2vw figs-idiom 0 four kings that will arise from the earth Here “from the earth” means they are real people. Alternate translation: “four kings who will come to power on the earth” or “four men who will rise up from among the people of the earth and become kings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
DAN 7 18 tz29 0 they will possess it Alternate translation: “they will rule over it”
DAN 7 18 x83s figs-doublet 0 forever and ever This repetition of ideas emphasizes that this kingdom will never come to an end. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
DAN 7 19 qj78 0 very horrifying Alternate translation: “very frightening”
DAN 7 19 fq88 0 trampled on Alternate translation: “walked on and crushed”
DAN 7 20 e5t1 0 the ten horns on its head Alternate translation: “the ten horns on the head of the fourth animal”
DAN 7 20 vi4r 0 grew up, and before which the three horns fell down Alternate translation: “grew up, and about the three horns that fell down in front of it” or “grew up, and about the three horns that fell down because of it”
DAN 7 20 vjs9 figs-euphemism 0 before which the three horns fell down Here “fell down” is a euphemism that means they were destroyed.” Alternate translation: “which destroyed the three horns” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
DAN 7 20 frj1 0 the mouth that boasted Alternate translation: “its mouth that boasted” or “the mouth of the new horn, that boasted”
DAN 7 20 f425 0 that seemed greater than its companions the horn with the eyes and a mouth seemed to be greater than the other horns
DAN 7 21 xcl9 0 this horn “this fourth horn.” This refers to the horn that is described in [Daniel 7:20](../07/20.md).
DAN 7 22 pxx4 figs-activepassive 0 until the Ancient of Days came, and justice was given If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “until the Ancient of Days came and brought justice” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 7 22 dui7 0 Ancient of Days This is a title for God that emphasizes that he is eternal. See how you translated this title in [Daniel 7:9](../07/09.md).
DAN 7 22 em4n figs-activepassive 0 the holy people received the kingdom If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “God gave his kingdom to his holy people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 7 23 ec9x writing-symlanguage 0 General Information: Most of the text of verses 23-27 is symbolic language. For this reason, the ULT presents them in poetic form. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
DAN 7 23 mv4h 0 This is what that person said This is the person that Daniel approached in [Daniel 7:16](../07/16.md).
DAN 7 23 p7zf 0 that person said Alternate translation: “that person answered”
DAN 7 23 lqc9 0 As for the fourth animal Alternate translation: “Concerning the fourth animal” or “Now, about the fourth animal”
DAN 7 23 t6ga figs-metaphor 0 It will devour … it into pieces This does not mean the fourth kingdom will destroy the planet, but that it will brutally attack, conquer, and destroy all other kingdoms on earth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
DAN 7 24 x4nc 0 As for the ten horns Alternate translation: “Concerning the ten horns” or “Now, about the ten horns”
DAN 7 24 cn9p figs-explicit 0 out of this kingdom ten kings will arise They will rule one after the other. This can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “ten kings will rule over this fourth kingdom, one after another” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
DAN 7 24 iw64 figs-explicit 0 another will arise after them This other king is not one of the ten. It may be helpful to refer to him as “the eleventh king.” Alternate translation: “after that an eleventh king will become powerful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
DAN 7 24 qun4 0 He will be different from the previous ones Alternate translation: “He will be different from the other ten kings”
DAN 7 24 x7hx figs-explicit 0 he will conquer the three kings He will defeat three of the original ten kings. It may be helpful to state that those three kings are represented by the three horns that were pulled out. Alternate translation: “he will defeat the three kings that were represented by the three horns that were pulled out” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
DAN 7 25 xih7 figs-idiom 0 He will speak words against the Most High This means that the newest king will openly disagree with and say bad things about the Most High. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
DAN 7 25 ce61 0 He will try … into his hand The words “He” and “his” refer to the newest king, not the Most High.
DAN 7 25 nt2f 0 the holy people Alternate translation: “God’s holy people”
DAN 7 25 w16z 0 change the festivals and the law Both terms refer to the law of Moses. The festivals were an important part of the religion of Israel in the Old Testament.
DAN 7 25 hn8p figs-metonymy 0 These things will be given into his hand Here “his hand” refers to his control. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The newest king will control the religous festivals and laws” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 7 25 dnu4 0 one year, two years, and half a year This means “three and half years.” This is not the normal way the Israelites counted. Try to translate it in a way that preserves this way of counting. Alternate translation: “one year plus two years plus six months”
DAN 7 26 is1x 0 the court will be in session This means that the judge will be ready to investigate evidence and make his judgment. Alternate translation: “the judge will judge” or “The judge will sit down”
DAN 7 26 iln2 0 they will take his royal power away Alternate translation: “the members of the court will take the royal power away from the newest king”
DAN 7 26 j3ya 0 royal power This, here, refers to “authority.” See how you translated this in [Daniel 7:14](../07/14.md).
DAN 7 26 plf7 figs-activepassive 0 to be consumed and destroyed at the end If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and consume and destroy it in the end” or “and completely destroy his royal power in the end” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 7 27 hh11 figs-activepassive 0 The kingdom and the dominion … will be given to the people If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “God will give the kingdom and the dominion … to the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 7 27 c6lf figs-doublet 0 The kingdom and the dominion These two terms mean basically the same thing and emphasize that this will concern all forms of official authority. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
DAN 7 27 p5c7 figs-abstractnouns 0 the greatness of the kingdoms If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **greatness**, you could express the same idea with an adjective such as “great.” Alternate translation: “everything that is great about the kingdoms” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
DAN 7 27 ry7e figs-idiom 0 of the kingdoms under the whole heaven The idiom “under the whole heaven” refers to the kingdoms on earth. Alternate translation: “of all the kingdoms on earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
DAN 7 27 eti4 0 His kingdom Alternate translation: “The kingdom of the Most High”
DAN 7 27 t3ct 0 an everlasting kingdom Alternate translation: “a kingdom that will exist forever” or “a kingdom that will never end”
DAN 7 28 v6mq 0 Here is the end of the matter This means that Daniel has finished describing the vision. Alternate translation: “That is what I saw in my vision” or “This is the end of the description of what I saw in my vision”
DAN 7 28 am3a 0 my face changed in appearance Alternate translation: “my face became pale”
DAN 8 intro cbk6 0 # Daniel 8 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter
### The vision of the ram and the male goat
Although specific interpretation of this vision is not given, most scholars believe Daniel saw Greece overthrowing Media-Persia before breaking up into four kingdoms. One of these kingdoms stopped the temple worship for a while and then it was restored. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]])
DAN 8 1 rft5 writing-symlanguage 0 General Information: Chapters 7 and 8 are not in chronological order. They happened while Belshazzar was still the king, before the rule of Darius and Cyrus that was discussed in chapter 6. In Daniel’s vision, he saw animals that were symbols of other things. Later in the vision someone explains the meaning of those symbols. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
DAN 8 1 b6kb translate-ordinal 0 In the third year “In year three” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
DAN 8 1 er4q 0 Belshazzar This is the son of Nebuchadnezzar who became king after his father. See how you translated this name in [Daniel 5:1](../05/01.md).
DAN 8 1 h9fw writing-background 0 had a vision appear to me (after the one … first) This is background information to remind the reader that this is Daniel’s second vision. Alternate translation: “had a second vision appear to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
DAN 8 2 t4xy 0 fortress a walled city that was guarded and protected
DAN 8 2 m8kv translate-names 0 Susa … Elam … Ulai Canal These are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
DAN 8 2 jfs1 0 Canal A canal is a narrow man-made waterway.
DAN 8 3 kh4s writing-symlanguage 0 a ram with two horns It is normal for rams to have two horns. These horns, however, have symbolic meaning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
DAN 8 3 buj1 0 but the longer … passed up in length by it Alternate translation: “but the longer one grew more slowly than the shorter one, and the shorter one grew to be even longer than it”
DAN 8 4 wrr2 0 I saw the ram charging Alternate translation: “I saw the ram rushing” or “I saw the ram running very quickly”
DAN 8 4 s49e figs-metonymy 0 to rescue anyone out of his hand Rams do not have hands. Here “hand” refers to the ram’s power. Alternate translation: “to rescue anyone from him” or “to rescue anyone from his power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 8 5 npd3 figs-hyperbole 0 across the surface of the whole earth The phrase “the whole earth” is an exaggeration that means he came from far away. Alternate translation: “from far away across the surface of the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
DAN 8 5 jv2j figs-explicit 0 The goat had a large horn between his eyes Goats have two horns on the sides of their heads. This image should be explained. Alternate translation: “The goat had a single large horn in the center of his head” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
DAN 8 6 ith5 0 in a powerful rage Alternate translation: “and it was very angry”
DAN 8 7 u36k 0 trampled to crush something by stepping on it
DAN 8 7 hh82 0 the ram from his power Alternate translation: “the ram from the goat because of his power”
DAN 8 8 kr6f 0 the goat became very large Alternate translation: “the goat became very large and strong”
DAN 8 8 pt9j figs-activepassive 0 the large horn was broken If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “something broke off the large horn” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 8 8 z9lm figs-idiom 0 toward the four winds of the heavens Here “the four winds of heaven” is an idiom that refers to the four main directions (north, east, south, west) from which the winds blow. Alternate translation: “in four different directions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
DAN 8 9 ys25 0 but which became very large Alternate translation: “but it became very large”
DAN 8 9 i3jg 0 in the south, in the east, and in the land of beauty This probably means it pointed in those directions. This can be stated. Alternate translation: “and pointed toward the south and then toward the east and then toward the beautiful land of Israel”
DAN 8 9 umn2 figs-idiom 0 the land of beauty This is a reference to the land of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
DAN 8 10 pkh2 figs-personification 0 It became so large as to engage in war Here the horn is given qualities of a person and is engaging in war. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
DAN 8 10 h6ex figs-activepassive 0 Some of that army … thrown down to the earth If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: The horn threw some of that army and some of the stars down to the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 8 10 iq57 figs-personification 0 it trampled on them Here the horn is given qualities of a person that tramples on the stars and on the army. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
DAN 8 11 akq6 figs-personification 0 General Information: The horn is given qualities of a person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
DAN 8 11 x2bs 0 Connecting Statement: Daniel continues describing his vision of the horn ([Daniel 8:9](../08/09.md)).
DAN 8 11 r2zz figs-explicit 0 the commander of the army This refers to God himself, who is the leader of the angel army. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
DAN 8 11 i4px 0 It took away from him the regular burnt offering Here “took away” means the horn stopped the offering. Here “him” refers to God, the commander of the army. Alternate translation: “It stopped the people from making their regular burnt offering to him”
DAN 8 11 c2s4 figs-activepassive 0 the place of his sanctuary was polluted If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “it defiled his sanctuary” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 8 12 y31h figs-metaphor 0 The horn will throw truth down to the ground The horn ignoring truth and godliness is spoken of as if it will throw truth to the ground. Alternate translation: “The horn will reject the truth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
DAN 8 13 lj18 0 holy one Alternate translation: “angel”
DAN 8 13 b9yz 0 the handing over of the sanctuary Alternate translation: “the surrender of the sanctuary”
DAN 8 13 xj3i figs-activepassive 0 heaven’s army being trampled on If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the horn trampling on heaven’s army” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 8 14 ed38 translate-numbers 0 2,300 evenings and mornings “Two thousand three hundred evenings and mornings.” Here “evenings and mornings” is a merism that refers to everything in between, which means full days. Alternate translation: “2,300 sunsets and sunrises” or “2,300 days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
DAN 8 14 j3q3 0 the sanctuary will be put right Alternate translation: “the temple will be purified and set in order again”
DAN 8 16 h4dz figs-synecdoche 0 a man’s voice calling between the banks of the Ulai Canal Here a man is being referred to by his voice. Alternate translation: “a man calling from the Ulai Canal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
DAN 8 16 c8qg 0 Ulai Canal A canal is a narrow man-made waterway. See how you translated this name in [Daniel 8:2](../08/02.md).
DAN 8 17 c9ys translate-symaction 0 prostrated myself on the ground This is an act of worship in which someone lies flat on the ground. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
DAN 8 17 v6y5 0 the time of the end “the final days” or “the end of the world.” This does not refer to the final moment in time, but rather to the events that will happen immediately before the end.
DAN 8 18 c89u 0 a deep sleep This is a type of sleep when someone is sleeping heavily and does not wake up easily.
DAN 8 19 v9et figs-explicit 0 the time of wrath This refers to the time when God will judge. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “the time when God judges in anger” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
DAN 8 19 zif5 0 the appointed time for the end Alternate translation: “the time when the world will end”
DAN 8 20 bi9v writing-symlanguage 0 General Information: In these verses, the angel explains to Daniel the symbolic meaning of the things he saw in his vision. The animals and horns actually represent human rulers and kingdoms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
DAN 8 20 zfr2 0 two horns—they are Alternate translation: “two horns—they represent”
DAN 8 20 k8n7 figs-metonymy 0 the kings of Media and Persia This could mean: (1) this refers to the kings of Media and Persia or (2) this is a metonym in which the kings represents the kingdoms of Media and Persia. Alternate translation: “the kingdoms of Media and Persia” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 8 21 j9y9 figs-metonymy 0 the king of Greece This could mean: (1) this refers to the king of Greece or (2) this is a metonym in which the king represents the kingdom of Greece. Alternate translation: “the kingdom of Greece” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 8 21 h37i 0 The large horn between his eyes is Alternate translation: “The large horn between his eyes represents”
DAN 8 22 j764 writing-symlanguage 0 General Information: In these verses, the angel explains to Daniel the symbolic meaning of the things he saw in his vision. The animals and horns actually represented human rulers or kingdoms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
DAN 8 22 qtr7 0 As for the horn that was broken … four others arose Alternate translation: “Where the large horn was broken off, four others arose”
DAN 8 22 c6qn figs-explicit 0 four kingdoms will arise from his nation The four horns represent the four new kingdoms. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “they represent the four kingdoms into which the kingdom of the first king will be divided” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
DAN 8 22 z39i 0 but not with his great power Alternate translation: “but they will not have as much power as the king represented by the large horn”
DAN 8 23 gk83 0 At the latter time of those kingdoms Alternate translation: “As those kingdoms approach their end”
DAN 8 23 t2i5 0 shall have reached their limit Alternate translation: “have reached their full” or “have run their course”
DAN 8 23 x2ku 0 grim-faced This means someone who looks defiant, or like he will refuse to obey.
DAN 8 24 fm5e writing-symlanguage 0 General Information: In these verses, the angel explains to Daniel the symbolic meaning of the things he saw in his vision. The animals and horns actually represented human rulers or kingdoms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
DAN 8 24 ue1c 0 but not by his own power Alternate translation: “but someone else will give him his power”
DAN 8 25 yq8r figs-personification 0 he will make deceit prosper Here “deceit” is spoken of as if it is a person who will prosper. Alternate translation: “the amount of deception will increase” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
DAN 8 25 u9tg figs-metonymy 0 under his hand Here “hand” refers to his rule. Alternate translation: “under his rule” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 8 25 f6qi 0 King of kings This refers to God.
DAN 8 25 asi1 figs-metonymy 0 he will be broken Here “he” refers to his power. Alternate translation: “his rule will end” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 8 25 cxx3 figs-metonymy 0 not by any human hand Here “hand” refers to power. This can be also stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “not by any human power” or “by divine power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 8 26 cer6 figs-metaphor 0 seal up the vision The angel speaks about the vision as if it were a scroll that could be closed with a wax seal. This prevented anyone from seeing the contents until the seal was broken. Alternate translation: “close and seal up what you have written about the vision” or “do not tell anyone about the vision now” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
DAN 8 27 us1l 0 was overcome and lay weak for several days Alternate translation: “was exhausted and lay in bed sick for several days”
DAN 8 27 c42h 0 went about the king’s business Alternate translation: “did the work that the king had assigned to me”
DAN 8 27 v7gd 0 I was appalled by the vision Alternate translation: “I was dismayed by the vision” or “I was very confused by the vision”
DAN 9 intro sz7n 0 # Daniel 9 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter
### Daniel told the future
Gabriel told Daniel a prophecy that Jerusalem would be rebuilt. Then later an anointed person would be killed and the worship at the temple stopped. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/anoint]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])
### The unusual expression of numbers in 9:24-26
This passage uses the expressions “seventy sevens of years,” “seven sevens and sixty-two sevens,” and “sixty-two sevens of years” to denote ““490 years,” “49 years and then 434 years,” and “434 years,” respectively. The original language uses the idea of a “week” to express the idea of a group of sevens, but these numbers are clearly meant to denote years, not weeks. Most translators should use the ways normal in their languages to express these numbers.
DAN 9 1 a2ic 0 General Information: Chapters 7 and 8 were not in chronological order. They happened while Belshazzar was still the king. Chapter 9 now returns to the events of the reign of Darius who became king in chapter 6.
DAN 9 1 lvl3 writing-background 0 It was Ahasuerus who had been made king over the realm of the Babylonians This is background information about who Ahasuerus was. The UST places this in parentheses to make that clear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
DAN 9 1 y3g6 figs-activepassive 0 who had been made king over the realm of the Babylonians If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “who became king over the realm of the Babylonians” or “who conquered the Babylonians” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 9 1 m6bc 0 over the realm Alternate translation: “over the country” or “over the kingdom”
DAN 9 2 h1p2 0 Yahweh This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this.
DAN 9 2 y2g1 translate-numbers 0 there would be seventy years until Jerusalem’s abandonment would end “from the time Jerusalem was destroyed, it would remain in ruins for 70 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
DAN 9 2 zrc4 0 abandonment this means no one would help or rebuild Jerusalem during that time
DAN 9 3 xi1v figs-metonymy 0 I turned my face to the Lord God Here “face” represents Daniel’s attention. Alternate translation: “I focused my attention on the Lord God” or “I directed my thoughts toward the Lord God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 9 3 v1yi figs-metaphor 0 to seek him Those who want to know Yahweh and please him are spoken of as if they are literally seeking to find Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
DAN 9 3 ni5z translate-symaction 0 fasting, wearing sackcloth, and sitting in ashes These are symbolic acts of repentance and sorrow. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
DAN 9 4 waz8 0 I made confession of our sins Alternate translation: “I confessed our sins”
DAN 9 4 q4bd 0 you are the one who keeps the covenant and is faithful to love those Alternate translation: “you do what you said you would do in your covenant, and you faithfully love those”
DAN 9 5 bz6l figs-parallelism 0 We have sinned and have done what is wrong These two phrases express one idea in two different ways for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
DAN 9 5 ie62 figs-parallelism 0 We have acted wickedly and we have rebelled These two phrases express one idea in two different ways for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
DAN 9 5 fu8v figs-doublet 0 your commands and decrees The words “commands” and “decrees” share similar meanings and refer to the whole law. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
DAN 9 6 x5wh figs-metonymy 0 We have not listened to your servants Here “not listened” means they did not obey their message. Alternate translation: “We have not obeyed the message of your prophets” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 9 6 hp4w figs-metonymy 0 spoke in your name Here “name” refers to God’s authority. Alternate translation: “spoke with your authority” or “spoke as your representative” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 9 6 et6z 0 the people of the land Here “land” refers to Israel. Alternate translation: “the Israelite people”
DAN 9 7 fy69 figs-metaphor 0 To you, Lord, belongs righteousness Being righteous is spoken of as if “righteousness” were an object that belongs to Yahweh. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **righteousness**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “righteous.” Alternate translation: “Lord, you are righteous” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
DAN 9 7 x7i6 figs-metaphor 0 To us today, however, belongs shame on our faces—for the people Being ashamed is spoken of as if “shame” were an object that belongs to people. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **shame**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “ashamed.” Alternate translation: “But as for us, we are ashamed of what we have done—the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
DAN 9 7 k8fa figs-exclusive 0 To us today The word “us” includes Daniel and the Israelites, but it does not include God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
DAN 9 7 kk5y figs-idiom 0 belongs shame on our faces This idiom means their shame is visible to all. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
DAN 9 7 u1gy 0 because of the great treachery that we committed against you Alternate translation: “because we greatly betrayed you” or “because we were very unfaithful to you”
DAN 9 9 vqm3 figs-metaphor 0 To the Lord our God belong compassion and forgiveness Having these traits is spoken of as if they belonged to the Lord. Alternate translation: “The Lord our God is compassionate and forgives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
DAN 9 10 kf4g figs-metonymy 0 We have not obeyed the voice of Yahweh our God Here “voice” refers to the commands that Yahweh spoke. Alternate translation: “We have not obeyed what Yahweh told us to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 9 11 b68w figs-idiom 0 turned aside The words “turned aside” mean that Israel stopped obeying God’s laws. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
DAN 9 11 qk6k figs-activepassive 0 that are written in the law of Moses If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that Moses wrote about in the law” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 9 11 n3rz figs-metaphor 0 have been poured out on us The abundance of the curse and the oath are spoken of as if they were poured out like water. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you have brought upon us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 9 12 n2ng figs-idiom 0 For under the whole of heaven This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “For in the whole world” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
DAN 9 12 l46l figs-activepassive 0 there has not been done anything “nothing has been done.” If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “nothing has happened” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 9 12 vbx2 figs-activepassive 0 what has been done to Jerusalem If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “what you have done to Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 9 13 c1fb figs-activepassive 0 As it is written in the law of Moses If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “As Moses wrote in the law” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 9 13 sk3z figs-idiom 0 turning away from our iniquities Here stopping evil activity is spoken of as turning away from them. Alternate translation: “stopping our evil actions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
DAN 9 14 dxb5 0 Yahweh has kept the disaster ready Alternate translation: “Yahweh has prepared this disaster”
DAN 9 14 up2a figs-metonymy 0 we have not obeyed his voice Here “voice” refers to the things that Yahweh commanded. Alternate translation: “we have not done what he told us to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 9 15 wi6x figs-metonymy 0 with a mighty hand Here “mighty hand” is a metonym for strength. Alternate translation: “with great strength” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 9 15 k82d 0 you have made a famous name for yourself, as in this present day Alternate translation: “you caused people to know how great you are, as you still do today”
DAN 9 15 u2zs figs-parallelism 0 still we sinned; we have done wicked things These two clauses mean basically the same thing and are used together to emphasize how bad sin is. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
DAN 9 15 h9ad figs-exclusive 0 we sinned; we have done wicked things Daniel and Israel sinned and did wicked things, but “we” does not include God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
DAN 9 16 zd1k figs-doublet 0 your anger and your wrath The words “anger” and “wrath” mean basically the same thing and emphasize how terrible God’s anger is when he acts on it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
DAN 9 16 g4t8 0 your holy mountain This mountain may be holy because God’s temple is there. Alternate translation: “the mountain where your holy temple is”
DAN 9 16 t4wb figs-exclusive 0 our sins … our ancestors Here “our” refers to Daniel and Israel, but not to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
DAN 9 16 qcc3 0 an object of scorn Alternate translation: “a target of disrespect”
DAN 9 17 e6hv 0 Now This does not mean “at this moment”, but it is a way to show that the next phase in Daniel’s prayer is about to start.
DAN 9 17 u437 figs-123person 0 your servant … his pleas for mercy The words “your servant” and “his” here refer to Daniel. He speaks about himself in the third person as a sign of respect for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
DAN 9 17 ndy1 0 pleas for mercy Alternate translation: “requests for mercy”
DAN 9 17 a4vq figs-metaphor 0 make your face shine on The writer speaks of Yahweh acting favorably as if Yahweh’s face shone a light. Alternate translation: “act kindly toward” or “act with favor toward” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
DAN 9 17 b52l 0 your sanctuary This refers to the temple in Jerusalem.
DAN 9 18 sv8a figs-idiom 0 open your ears and listen To “open the ears” is an idiom that means to listen. These two phrases means the same thing and emphasize Daniel’s desire for God to listen to his prayer. Alternate translation: “please listen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
DAN 9 18 jqa4 figs-idiom 0 open your eyes and see To “open the eyes” is an idiom that means to see. These two phrases means the same thing and emphasize Daniel’s desire for God to pay attention to his prayer. Alternate translation: “notice us” or “pay attention” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
DAN 9 18 gw8i figs-metonymy 0 is called by your name Here “name” represents ownership. Alternate translation: “is your city” or “belongs to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 9 19 y5zw 0 do not delay This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “act quickly”
DAN 9 20 n3ma 0 my people Israel Alternate translation: “the people of Israel to whom I belong”
DAN 9 21 tmu9 figs-explicit 0 the man Gabriel This is the same angel Gabriel who appeared in the form of a man in [Daniel 8:16](../08/16.md). Alternate translation: “Gabriel, who appeared as a man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
DAN 9 21 m9dw 0 in the vision at the first This may refer to the first vision that Daniel had while he was awake. Alternate translation: “in the previous vision” or “in the vision I saw before” or “in a vision before”
DAN 9 21 ud8s 0 flew down to me in rapid flight Alternate translation: “flew down to me quickly”
DAN 9 21 i2as 0 at the time of the evening sacrifice The Jewish people sacrificed to God each evening just before the sun went down.
DAN 9 22 i4uk figs-doublet 0 insight and understanding The words “insight” and “understanding” mean the same thing and emphasize that Gabriel will help Daniel to understand the message completely. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
DAN 9 23 bj8w figs-activepassive 0 the order was given If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “God gave the order” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 9 23 ke8t 0 consider this word Alternate translation: “think about this message”
DAN 9 23 dn8d 0 the revelation This refers back to the prophesy of Jeremiah in [Daniel 9:2](../09/02.md).
DAN 9 24 tn7g 0 Seventy sevens are decreed for your people and your holy city to God decreed that he would do the things in this verse for the people and the holy city.
DAN 9 24 x7sx 0 Seventy sevens This is not the normal way the Israelites counted. If possible, try to translate in a way that preserves this use of the number seven. Alternate translation: “Seventy times seven years”
DAN 9 24 vmn4 figs-you 0 your people and your holy city The word “your” here refers to Daniel. The people are the Israelites and the holy city is Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
DAN 9 24 v75s figs-parallelism 0 to end the guilt and put an end to sin The idea is repeated to emphasize how certain it is that this will happen. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
DAN 9 24 dt4s figs-idiom 0 to carry out the vision Here “carry out” is an idiom that means to accomplish. Alternate translation: “to accomplish the vision” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
DAN 9 24 z31h figs-doublet 0 the vision and the prophecy These words in this context mean the same thing. They ensure Daniel that Jeremiah’s vision was indeed a prophecy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
DAN 9 25 hg9s 0 and sixty-two sevens This is not the normal way the Israelites counted. If possible, try to translate in a way that preserves this use of the number seven. Alternate translation: “seven times seven years … and sixty-two times seven years”
DAN 9 25 z58t figs-doublet 0 Know and understand These words are used together to make the importance clear. Alternate translation: “You must clearly understand” or “You must know for sure” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
DAN 9 25 cc6s translate-symaction 0 the anointed one Anointing is a symbolic act to show that someone is chosen. Alternate translation: “the person that God anoints” or “the person that God chooses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
DAN 9 25 mg6r 0 seven sevens … and sixty-two sevens These added together are 69 of the 70 sevens spoken of in verse 24.
DAN 9 25 tg7z figs-activepassive 0 Jerusalem will be rebuilt If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “People will rebuild Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 9 25 gs6w 0 moat a deep ditch around a city or building, usually with water in it
DAN 9 25 q3nq 0 the times of distress Alternate translation: “a time of great trouble”
DAN 9 26 t9v5 0 sixty-two sevens This is not the normal way the Israelites counted. If possible, try to translate in a way that preserves this use of the number seven. See how you translated this number in [Daniel 9:25](../09/25.md). Alternate translation: “sixty-two times seven”
DAN 9 26 pru6 figs-activepassive 0 the anointed one will be destroyed and will have nothing If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “people will destroy the anointed one and he will have nothing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 9 26 nzv4 0 the anointed one Anointing is a symbolic act to show that someone is chosen. See how you translated this title in [Daniel 9:25](../09/25.md). Alternate translation: “the person that God anoints” or “the person that God chooses”
DAN 9 26 bn3z 0 a coming ruler This is a foreign ruler, not “the anointed one.” Alternate translation: “a foreign ruler who will come” or “a powerful ruler who will come”
DAN 9 26 hpa8 figs-metaphor 0 Its end will come with a flood The army will destroy the city and the holy place just as a flood destroys things. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
DAN 9 26 ite5 figs-activepassive 0 Desolations have been decreed If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “God has decreed ruin for the city and sanctuary” or “God has declared that the enemy army will destroy everything” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 9 27 a45k 0 He will … he will This refers to the coming ruler who will destroy the anointed one.
DAN 9 27 zqk4 0 one seven … In the middle of the seven Here “seven” is used to refer to a period of seven years. Alternate translation: “seven years … Halfway through the seven years”
DAN 9 27 rr1b 0 put an end to Alternate translation: “stop” or “halt”
DAN 9 27 jsh2 figs-doublet 0 the sacrifice and the offering These words basically mean the same thing. The repetition is to show that the ruler will prevent all types of sacrifices. Alternate translation: “all forms of sacrificing” or “every type of offering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
DAN 9 27 e962 figs-metonymy 0 the wing of abominations This may refer to the defensive structures on top of the walls of the temple, which are called “abominations” because they are full of idols. Alternate translation: “the walls of the temple that are full of abominations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 9 27 l267 0 someone who makes desolate Alternate translation: “a person who completely destroys”
DAN 9 27 i8lk figs-activepassive 0 A full end and destruction are decreed to be poured out If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “God has decreed that he will pour out a full end and destruction” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
DAN 9 27 x6c9 figs-doublet 0 A full end and destruction These two words or expressions are basically the same. They emphasize how serious and complete the destruction will be. Alternate translation: “Complete destruction” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
DAN 9 27 t53m 0 the one who has made the desolation Alternate translation: “the person who caused the destruction”
DAN 10 intro rcw2 0 # Daniel 10 General Notes
## Structure and formatting
This chapter begins a section where Daniel is given a prophecy about the future from an angel. This section continues for the remainder of the book. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
DAN 10 1 if3j translate-ordinal 0 the third year of Cyrus king of Persia “year 3 of the rule of Cyrus the king of Persia” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
DAN 10 1 mci4 figs-activepassive 0 a message was revealed to Daniel This can also be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “God revealed a message to Daniel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 10 1 vf8c 0 insight the ability to understand more than what can be seen
DAN 10 3 xqe9 0 delicacies These are expensive or rare kinds of food. Alternate translation: “fancy foods”
DAN 10 3 af3y 0 until the completion of three entire weeks Alternate translation: “until the end of three entire weeks”
DAN 10 4 s7nc translate-hebrewmonths 0 On the twenty-fourth day of the first month This is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. The twenty-fourth day is near the middle of April on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
DAN 10 5 p8b1 0 with a belt around his waist Alternate translation: “and he was wearing a belt”
DAN 10 5 q62t translate-names 0 Uphaz Uphaz is a place. Its location is not known (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
DAN 10 6 pv61 figs-simile 0 His body was like topaz His body gleamed with blue or yellow light as if it were made of topaz. Alternate translation: “his body gleamed like topaz” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
DAN 10 6 yce2 0 topaz a blue or yellow gemstone, also known as beryl, peridot, or chrysolite
DAN 10 6 e9xc figs-simile 0 his face was like lightning His face shone brightly as a bolt of lightning shines. Alternate translation: “his face shone with light as bright as the flash of lightning” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
DAN 10 6 v1ew figs-simile 0 His eyes were like flaming torches His eyes were bright with light as if they were flaming torches. Alternate translation: “his eyes were so bright that it seemed they had torches burning inside them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
DAN 10 6 ugr5 figs-simile 0 his arms and his feet were like polished bronze His arms and feet were as shiny as if they were made of polished bronze. Alternate translation: “his arms and feet shone like polished bronze that reflects the light around it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
DAN 10 6 vkv7 figs-simile 0 The sound of his words was like the sound of a great crowd His voice was so loud that it was as if a crowd of people were all talking loudly. Alternate translation: “his voice was as loud as a huge crowd all calling out together” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
DAN 10 8 gpj1 figs-activepassive 0 So I was left alone and saw If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. “No one was with me, and I saw” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 10 8 tiw7 figs-activepassive 0 my bright appearance was turned into a ruined look If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. “my bright appearance turned into looking ruined” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 10 8 pp1z figs-idiom 0 my bright appearance This describes the face of someone who is healthy. Alternate translation: “my healthy-looking face” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
DAN 10 8 fy67 figs-metaphor 0 a ruined look Someone’s unhealthy, pale face is spoken of as if it were a ruined building. Alternate translation: “pale” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
DAN 10 9 kc4l figs-idiom 0 I fell on my face in deep sleep Possible meanings are: (1) Daniel was so scared by what he saw that he deliberately laid on the ground, where he then fainted or (2) Daniel fainted and then fell forward onto the ground. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
DAN 10 10 q7sg figs-synecdoche 0 A hand touched me Here a person’s hand represents that person, probably the man whom Daniel saw in [Daniel 10:5](../10/05.md). Alternate translation: “Someone touched me with his hand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
DAN 10 11 uuf2 figs-activepassive 0 Daniel, man greatly treasured This can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Daniel, you whom God greatly treasures” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 10 11 r2td 0 greatly treasured much valued and loved
DAN 10 12 xbp6 0 you set your mind to understand Alternate translation: “you determined to understand the vision”
DAN 10 12 n99a figs-activepassive 0 your words were heard This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “God heard your words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 10 13 qc85 0 prince Here this refers to a spirit who has authority over a human nation. Alternate translation: “spirit prince”
DAN 10 13 rag2 0 the kings of Persia This probably refers to the various kings who ruled over nations in the Persian Empire, and who had to obey the king of Persia.
DAN 10 13 as4y 0 Michael, one of the chief princes Alternate translation: “Michael, on of the chief angels” or “Michael, one of the archangels”
DAN 10 15 lq7d 0 I turned my face toward the ground “I looked at the ground.” Daniel may have done this to show humble reverence, or because he was afraid.
DAN 10 16 dt5j 0 One who was like the sons of man This may refer to the one who had just spoken to Daniel. However, some versions interpret it as referring to a different person. Alternate translation: “This one, who looked like a human”
DAN 10 16 wv9e figs-idiom 0 like the sons of man Here this expression refers to human beings in general. Alternate translation: “like a human being” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
DAN 10 16 na7s 0 agony severe emotional suffering
DAN 10 17 t4pn figs-rquestion 0 I am your servant. How can I talk with my master? Daniel asks this question meaning that he cannot speak to the angel because he is not the angel’s equal. These sentences can be combined. Alternate translation: “I am not able to answer you because I am only your servant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
DAN 10 17 by59 figs-idiom 0 there is no breath left in me This idiom refers to breathing. Alternate translation: “I cannot breathe” or “it’s very hard to breathe” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
DAN 10 18 wh3x 0 the one with an appearance of a man Alternate translation: “the one who looked like a human”
DAN 10 19 j55a 0 Be strong now, be strong The words “be strong” are repeated for emphasis.
DAN 10 19 w36n figs-activepassive 0 man greatly treasured This can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you whom God greatly treasures” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 10 19 u5hy figs-activepassive 0 I was strengthened This can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I became strong” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 10 20 tku1 0 the prince of Persia Here “prince” refers to a spirit who rules and guards a human nation. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Daniel 10:13](../10/13.md). Alternate translation: “the spirit prince of Persia”
DAN 10 21 k4rh figs-explicit 0 But I will tell you This implies that the angel will tell Daniel about this immediately, before he goes away. Alternate translation: “But first I will tell you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
DAN 10 21 gx6a figs-activepassive 0 what is written in the Book of Truth If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “what the Book of Truth says” or “what someone wrote in the Book of Truth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 10 21 f6mz 0 who shows himself to be strong Alternate translation: “who proves himself to be strong”
DAN 10 21 x9us 0 There is no one who shows himself to be strong with me against them, except Michael your prince Alternate translation: “Michael your prince is the only one to show himself strong with me against them” or “Michael your prince is the only one who helps me against them”
DAN 10 21 t5rl figs-you 0 Michael your prince The word “your” is plural. It refers to Daniel and the rest of the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “Michael, the prince of your people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
DAN 10 21 p2z5 0 Michael your prince “Michael your guardian angel.” Translate “prince” when it refers to Michael as you did [Daniel 10:13](../10/13.md).
DAN 11 intro ee96 0 # Daniel 11 General Notes
## Structure and formatting
The final prophecy continues in this chapter. The kings of the North and of the South will fight many wars against each other. The king of the South is probably a reference to Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
DAN 11 1 iik8 0 General Information: In Daniel 11:1 through 12:4, the one who was speaking to Daniel in chapter 10 tells him what is written in the book of truth. This is as he said he would do in [Daniel 10:21](../10/21.md).
DAN 11 1 rm8a figs-explicit 0 In the first year of Darius Darius was the King of the Medes. “The first year” refers to the first year that he was king. Alternate translation: “In the first year of the reign of Darius” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
DAN 11 2 eq9g 0 Three kings will arise in Persia Alternate translation: “Three kings will rule over Persia”
DAN 11 2 ed2c translate-ordinal 0 a fourth will be far richer than all the others “after them a fourth king will come into power who will have more money than the three before him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
DAN 11 2 dk4x 0 power This could mean: (1) authority or (2) military power.
DAN 11 2 e62r 0 he will stir up everyone Alternate translation: “he will cause everyone to want to fight”
DAN 11 3 l9xy figs-metaphor 0 A mighty king will rise up The idea of rising up or standing is often used for someone who becomes powerful. Alternate translation: “A mighty king will begin to reign” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
DAN 11 3 xg79 0 who will rule a very great kingdom This could mean: (1) that the size of this kingdom would be very great, or (2) that the king would rule his kingdom with very great power.
DAN 11 4 ti9p figs-activepassive 0 his kingdom will be broken and divided If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “his kingdom will break apart and divide” or “his kingdom will break apart into pieces” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 11 4 ewb2 0 the four winds of heaven See how you translated this in [Daniel 7:2](../07/02.md).
DAN 11 4 v3mc figs-ellipsis 0 but not to his own descendants The idea of not being divided and shared out is implied here. Alternate translation: “but it will not be divided for his own descendants” or “but it will not be shared by his own descendants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
DAN 11 4 a3z5 figs-activepassive 0 his kingdom will be uprooted for others besides his descendants The kingdom is spoken of as if it were a plant that someone destroyed by uprooting it. This idea can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “another power will uproot and destroy his kingdom and others who are not his descendants will rule over it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
DAN 11 5 xd9k 0 one of his commanders will become even stronger than he and will rule his kingdom with great power A commander of the king of the South will become the king of the North.
DAN 11 6 lv1j 0 they will make an alliance The king of the South will make an alliance with the king of the North. This alliance would be a formal agreement that both nations are required to follow. Alternate translation: “the king of the South and the king of the North will promise to work together”
DAN 11 6 n6pd 0 The daughter of the king of the South will come … to confirm the agreement The king of the South will give his daughter in marriage to the king of the North. The marriage will confirm the agreement between the two kings.
DAN 11 6 lf4z figs-metaphor 0 her arm’s strength … his arm Here “arm” stands for power. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
DAN 11 6 d6vs figs-activepassive 0 She will be abandoned This appears to refer to a plot to kill her and those who made the alliance. This phrase may be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “They will abandon her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 11 7 dvw9 figs-metaphor 0 a branch from her roots This family is spoken of as if it were a tree. The roots represent ancestors, and the branch represents a descendant. Alternate translation: “a descendant of her ancestors” or “one of her descendants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
DAN 11 7 rfw3 0 her roots The word “her” refers to the daughter of the king of the South in [Daniel 11:6](../11/06.md).
DAN 11 7 u8jk figs-synecdoche 0 He will attack the army The word “he” refers to her descendant, and here it also refers to his army. Alternate translation: “He and his army will attack the army of the king of the North” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
DAN 11 7 jj5j 0 He will fight them Here “them” represents the soldiers of the enemy army. Alternate translation: “He will fight the enemy soldiers”
DAN 11 9 lpm6 0 but he will withdraw The word “he” refers to the king of the North.
DAN 11 10 b8ne 0 His sons Alternate translation: “The sons of the king of the North”
DAN 11 10 d4ad 0 assemble a great army Alternate translation: “gather together many men who can fight in battles”
DAN 11 10 t3xu figs-simile 0 will flood everything The way the large army covers the land will be like a flood of water. Alternate translation: “will be so great in number that they will cover all the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
DAN 11 11 z45y 0 will raise up a great army Alternate translation: “will assemble a great army”
DAN 11 11 wzt8 figs-activepassive 0 the army will be given into his hand Here “hand” represents the control of the king of the South. Alternate translation: “the king will surrender the army to the king of the South” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
DAN 11 12 dv6k figs-activepassive 0 The army will be carried off This may be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “The king of the South will capture the army of the North” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 11 12 sc8a figs-metaphor 0 will be lifted up Being lifted up represents the idea of becoming very proud. Alternate translation: “will become very proud” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
DAN 11 12 yul2 figs-metonymy 0 will make tens of thousands to fall Here falling represents dying in battle. Alternate translation: “will have his army kill many thousands of his enemies” or “will kill many thousands of his enemies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 11 12 tj1u translate-numbers 0 tens of thousands “many thousands” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
DAN 11 13 lhx7 figs-activepassive 0 a great army supplied with much equipment This can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “a great army that has much equipment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 11 14 d4rt figs-metaphor 0 many will rise against the king Here the idea of rising up represents rebelling. Alternate translation: “many people will rebel against the king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
DAN 11 14 l5gp figs-metaphor 0 Sons of the violent This expression stands for violent people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
DAN 11 14 rd3t figs-metaphor 0 they will stumble Here stumbling represents failing. Alternate translation: “they will not succeed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
DAN 11 15 eu1n figs-synecdoche 0 The king of the North will come Here “king of the North” includes his army also. Alternate translation: “The army of the king of the North will come” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
DAN 11 15 tqb1 0 pour out earth for siege mounds This refers to the piling up of earth in order for soldiers to reach the height of city walls in order to attack them. Soldiers and slaves would put loose earth in baskets, carry them to the right place, and pour it out in order to raise the mounds.
DAN 11 15 f3vi 0 fortifications walls and other things built to defend a city or fort from enemy soldiers
DAN 11 15 em5h figs-metonymy 0 will not be able to stand Here standing represents the ability to fight. Alternate translation: “will not be able to keep fighting against them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 11 16 nm4j 0 the one who comes will act according to his desires against him Alternate translation: “the invading king will do whatever he wants against the other king”
DAN 11 16 zl4i figs-metonymy 0 He will stand in Here standing represents ruling. Alternate translation: “The king will begin to rule” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 11 16 d31f 0 the land of beauty This refers to the land of Israel. See how you translated this in [Daniel 8:9](../08/09.md).
DAN 11 16 bmr3 figs-metaphor 0 destruction will be in his hand Here “destruction” represents the power to destroy. Also, the power to destroy is spoken of as if it were something that someone could hold in his hand. Alternate translation: “he will have power to destroy anything” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
DAN 11 17 cr5f figs-idiom 0 set his face This is an idiom for a person deciding to do something and not being willing to change his mind. Alternate translation: “decide” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
DAN 11 17 hz1p figs-metonymy 0 come with the strength of his entire kingdom This probably refers to military power. Alternate translation: “come with the force of all his army” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 11 17 pl8v figs-idiom 0 a daughter of women This is an elegant way of saying “a woman.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
DAN 11 18 y98a 0 will end his arrogance Alternate translation: “will make the king of the North stop being arrogant”
DAN 11 18 t5p9 0 will cause his arrogance to turn back upon him Alternate translation: “will cause the king of the North to suffer because he was arrogant toward others”
DAN 11 19 ef5y 0 he will pay attention Alternate translation: “the king of the North will pay attention”
DAN 11 19 x9wd figs-idiom 0 he will not be found This is a way of saying that he will die. This idea can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “he will disappear” or “he will die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 11 20 kdc5 figs-metaphor 0 someone will rise up in his place Rising up in a king’s place represents becoming king in place of the previous king. Alternate translation: “another man will become king of the North instead of that king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
DAN 11 20 j9ng figs-explicit 0 will make a tax collector pass through The tax collector will go through the land forcing people to pay taxes. Alternate translation: “will send someone to make the people pay taxes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
DAN 11 20 c17c figs-metaphor 0 he will be broken Here “he” refers to the new king. Being broken represents dying. Alternate translation: “the new king will die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
DAN 11 20 j9t5 figs-metaphor 0 but not in anger This could mean: (1) no one was angry at the king, or (2) that the occasion and cause of the king’s death were kept secret. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
DAN 11 21 jzb9 figs-activepassive 0 a despised person to whom the people will not have given the honor of royal power The people will refuse to acknowledge him as king because he is not a descendant of kings. Alternate translation: “a person whom the people will despise and will not honor as king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 11 22 h918 figs-activepassive 0 An army will be swept away like a flood from before him Being swept away represents being destroyed. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “His army will completely destroy a great army as a flood destroys everything in its path” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
DAN 11 22 pp6n figs-activepassive 0 Both that army and the leader of the covenant will be destroyed If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “He will destroy that army and the leader of the covenant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 11 22 kdw5 0 the leader of the covenant “the leader of the priests.” This phrase refers to the person who filled the most important religious position that God required in his covenant, that of the high priest.
DAN 11 23 ws3q figs-activepassive 0 From the time an alliance is made with him This can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “When other rulers make a peace treaty with him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 11 24 ml78 0 will spread among his followers Alternate translation: “will distribute to his followers”
DAN 11 24 e41l 0 the booty, the plunder, and the wealth Alternate translation: “the valuable things that he and his army take from the people they defeat”
DAN 11 25 gu4a figs-personification 0 He will wake up his power and his heart Power and heart (that is, courage) are spoken of as if they were people whom someone could wake up in order to make them act. Alternate translation: “He will make himself powerful and will become courageous” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
DAN 11 25 xr4i figs-metaphor 0 heart Here this represents courage. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
DAN 11 25 l4sg 0 with a great army Alternate translation: “with a great army that he will assemble”
DAN 11 25 iy35 0 will wage war Alternate translation: “will fight against him”
DAN 11 25 a8rn figs-metaphor 0 he will not stand Not standing represents being defeated. Alternate translation: “the king of the South will be defeated” or “his army will be defeated” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
DAN 11 26 q6x3 figs-metonymy 0 those who eat his fine food This refers to the king’s advisers. It was usual for a king’s most trusted advisers to eat meals with him. Alternate translation: “the king’s best advisers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 11 26 ia23 figs-metaphor 0 His army will be swept away like a flood Here the severe defeat of an army is spoken of as a flood of water that completely sweeps it away. Alternate translation: “The enemy will completely defeat his army” or “His enemy will completely destroy his army as a flood destroys everything in its path” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
DAN 11 26 vhr4 figs-idiom 0 many of them will fall killed Here “fall” is an idiom that refers to dying in battle, so “fall” and “killed” mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: “many of his soldiers will die in battle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
DAN 11 27 uf6f figs-metaphor 0 with their hearts set on evil against each other Here “heart” represents a person’s desires. Desires are spoken of here as if they were an object that someone could set or place in a certain position. Alternate translation: “each determined to do evil to the other” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
DAN 11 27 hy3i figs-metonymy 0 will sit at the same table Sitting at the same table represents the act of talking to each other. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 11 27 l9y8 0 but it will be of no use Alternate translation: “but their talking will not help them”
DAN 11 27 yqf8 figs-activepassive 0 For the end will come at the time that has been fixed This tells why their meetings will not be successful. Alternate translation: “The result of their actions will only come at the time that God has fixed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 11 28 gj2c figs-metonymy 0 riches, with his heart set against the holy covenant Here “heart” represents the mind or thoughts of a person. The idiom “his heart set against” means to be determined to oppose something. This can be stated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: “riches. He will be determined to oppose the holy covenant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
DAN 11 28 bn8y figs-metonymy 0 with his heart set against the holy covenant The king’s desire to act against the holy covenant represents his desire to stop the Israelites from obeying that covenant. Alternate translation: “determined to stop the Israelites from obeying the holy covenant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 11 28 x22z 0 the holy covenant Here “holy” describes God’s covenant with Israel. It implies that the covenant should be honored and obeyed because it comes from God himself. Alternate translation: “God’s covenant, which all the Israelites should obey”
DAN 11 28 cg5d figs-explicit 0 He will act This implies that the king will do certain actions in Israel. Alternate translation: “He will do what he wants to in Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
DAN 11 30 ql6s figs-metonymy 0 ships of Kittim will come against him The ships represent the army coming in those ships. Alternate translation: “an army will come from Kittim in ships in order to fight his army” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 11 30 vt1j translate-names 0 Kittim This may refer to a settlement on the island of Cyprus in the Mediterranean Sea. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
DAN 11 30 n36n 0 He will be furious against the holy covenant Alternate translation: “He will hate the holy covenant”
DAN 11 30 y4cm 0 will show favor to those Alternate translation: “will act in favor for those” or “will help those”
DAN 11 31 n2xy figs-idiom 0 His forces will rise up “His army will appear” or “His army will come.” The word “His” refers to the king of the North. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
DAN 11 31 cjf5 0 the fortress sanctuary Alternate translation: “the sanctuary that the people use as a fortress”
DAN 11 31 gq2g figs-metaphor 0 They will take away the regular burnt offering Taking away the offering represents preventing people from offering it. Alternate translation: “They will stop the priests from presenting the regular burnt offering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
DAN 11 31 e91v figs-idiom 0 the abomination that causes desolation This refers to an idol that will make the temple desolate, that is, that will cause God to leave his temple. Alternate translation: “the disgusting idol that will cause God to abandon the temple” or “the disgusting thing that will make the temple unclean” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
DAN 11 32 g7nd 0 acted wickedly against the covenant Alternate translation: “wickedly disobeyed the covenant”
DAN 11 32 qcz6 0 corrupt them Alternate translation: “persuade them to do evil”
DAN 11 32 th7n figs-metonymy 0 who know their God Here “know” means “be faithful.” Alternate translation: “who are faithful to their God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 11 32 v4tg 0 will be strong and will take action Alternate translation: “will be firm and resist them”
DAN 11 33 fs3l figs-metaphor 0 they will stumble by the sword and by flame Here “stumble” is a metaphor that represents experiencing a disaster of one kind or another, including death itself. Here “sword” represents battles and warfare, and “flame” represents fire. Alternate translation: “they will die in battle and by burning to death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 11 33 i91v 0 they This refers to the wise persons among the Israelites.
DAN 11 33 kc6h figs-metaphor 0 they will stumble into captivity and into being robbed for days Here “stumble” is a metaphor that represents experiencing a disaster of one kind or another, including death itself. The phrase “being robbed” can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they will become slaves and their enemies will rob them of their possessions for days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 11 34 ji6c figs-activepassive 0 they will be helped with a little help This may be put into active form. Alternate translation: “others will give them a little help” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 11 34 z23f 0 In hypocrisy many will join themselves with them This refers to other people who will pretend to help the wise persons, but not because they truly wish to help them.
DAN 11 34 w3l4 figs-metaphor 0 will join themselves Here “join themselves” represents “come to help.” Alternate translation: “will come to help them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
DAN 11 35 u9tw 0 Some of the wise will stumble … until the time of the end This suffering will continue until the time when God has decided that it will end.
DAN 11 35 f174 figs-metaphor 0 Some of the wise will stumble Here “stumble” represents experiencing a disaster of one kind or another, including death itself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
DAN 11 35 ip6i 0 so that refining will happen to them Here “so that” means “with the result that.” Alternate translation: “with the result that refining will happen to them”
DAN 11 35 c7it figs-abstractnouns 0 refining will happen to them, and cleansing, and purifying These three activities are expressed here as if they were things. However, they may be expressed as actions, either in passive form or in active form. Alternate translation: “they will be refined, cleansed, and purified” or “their suffering will refine, cleanse, and purify them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 11 35 t14z figs-metaphor 0 refining This refers to the purifying of metal by melting it in a fire. When God makes his people more faithful to himself, this is spoken of as if they were metal that a worker was making more pure by putting it into fire. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
DAN 11 35 x3zq figs-metaphor 0 cleansing This refers to making people, places, or objects suitable for God’s use by separating them from sin and other forms of evil. It speaks of evil as if it were physical dirtiness that could be removed by washing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
DAN 11 35 xl1l figs-metaphor 0 purifying This idea is very similar to refining, discussed earlier. Metal that is refined can also be said to be purified. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
DAN 11 35 p8p8 0 time of the end “the final days” or “the end of the world.” See how you translated this in [Daniel 8:17](../08/17.md).
DAN 11 35 a7hv 0 the appointed time is still to come Here “appointed time” implies that God has set the time. This can be put into active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh has set the time in the future”
DAN 11 36 ytf5 0 The king will act according to his desires Alternate translation: “The king will do whatever he wants”
DAN 11 36 pn6u 0 The king This refers to the king of the North.
DAN 11 36 v9x7 figs-doublet 0 lift himself up and make himself great The phrases “lift himself up” and “make himself great” mean the same thing and indicate that the king will become very proud. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
DAN 11 36 sy4c figs-metaphor 0 lift himself up Here this represents becoming very proud. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
DAN 11 36 z6yk figs-metaphor 0 make himself great Here this represents pretending to be very important and powerful. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
DAN 11 36 w4pm figs-idiom 0 the God of gods This refers to the one true God. Alternate translation: “the supreme God” or “the only true God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
DAN 11 36 s173 0 astonishing things Alternate translation: “terrible things” or “shocking things”
DAN 11 36 m82m figs-metaphor 0 until the wrath is completed This phrase pictures God as storing up his wrath until his storeroom is completely full of it and he is ready to act according to it. Alternate translation: “until God is completely angry with him” or “until God is angry enough to take action against him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
DAN 11 37 swa4 0 the god desirable to women This seems to refer to the pagan god named Tammuz.
DAN 11 38 a7fh 0 the god of fortresses The king probably believed that this false god would help him to attack other people’s fortresses and keep his own. Alternate translation: “the god that controls fortresses”
DAN 11 38 zdm8 0 instead of these The word “these” refers to the gods mentioned in [Daniel 11:37](../11/37.md).
DAN 11 39 xrm1 0 he will divide up the land as a reward This could mean: (1) “he will give the land to his followers as a reward” or (2) “he will sell land to his followers”
DAN 11 40 tuf1 0 the time of the end “the final days” or “the end of the world.” See how you translated this in [Daniel 8:17](../08/17.md).
DAN 11 40 m1zi figs-synecdoche 0 the king of the South … The king of the North These phrases stand for the kings and their armies. Alternate translation: “the king of the South and his army … The king of the North and his army” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
DAN 11 40 r8tv figs-metaphor 0 will storm against him Violently attacking with an army is spoken of as if a storm happened. Alternate translation: “will attack him like a violent storm” or “will violently attack him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
DAN 11 40 nk95 figs-metaphor 0 flood them When an army overruns a country, it is spoken of as if a flood occurred. See how you translated this in [Daniel 11:10](../11/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
DAN 11 40 pc82 figs-explicit 0 pass through Nothing will stop the army. Alternate translation: “will pass through the lands with no one to stop him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
DAN 11 41 w7zh 0 the land of beauty This refers to the land of Israel. See how you translated this in [Daniel 8:9](../08/09.md) and [Daniel 11:16](./16.md).
DAN 11 41 v51y figs-metonymy 0 will fall Here falling represents the action of dying. Alternate translation: “will die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 11 41 vkd7 figs-metonymy 0 But these will escape from his hand Here “hand” represents power. Alternate translation: “But these will escape from his power” or “But he will not be able to destroy these nations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 11 42 bs1v 0 General Information: This is still about the king of the North.
DAN 11 42 ti2e figs-metaphor 0 He will extend his hand into lands Here “hand” represents power and control. Alternate translation: “He will extend his control over various lands” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
DAN 11 42 ef52 figs-explicit 0 into lands Here the idea is many lands or various lands. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
DAN 11 42 w3i4 figs-activepassive 0 the land of Egypt will not be rescued This can be put into active form. Alternate translation: “the land of Egypt will not escape” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 11 43 n537 figs-idiom 0 the Libyans and the Cushites will be in his footsteps Here “footsteps” represent submission. Alternate translation: “the Libyans and the Cushites will have to serve him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
DAN 11 43 qp3z translate-names 0 the Libyans and the Cushites “the people of Libya and Cush.” Libya is a country west of Egypt, and Cush is a country south of Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
DAN 11 44 m79f 0 General Information: This is still about the king of the North.
DAN 11 44 et68 figs-abstractnouns 0 he will go out with great rage If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **rage**, you could express the same idea with another word such as “angry.” It can be stated clearly that he would go out with his army. Alternate translation: “he will be very angry and will go out” or “he will become very angry and will go out with his army” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
DAN 11 44 n5ju figs-metonymy 0 go out To “go out” represents the action of attacking the enemy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 11 44 dsf1 0 to set many apart for destruction Alternate translation: “to destroy many people”
DAN 11 45 cil2 0 the tent of his royal residence This refers to the king’s luxurious tents that he lived in when he was with his army in time of war.
DAN 11 45 dk8u 0 between the seas and the mountain of the beauty of holiness This probably refers to the region between the Mediterranean Sea and Temple Mount in Jerusalem.
DAN 11 45 k8sp figs-metonymy 0 the mountain of the beauty of holiness This refers to the hill in Jerusalem where God’s temple was. See how you translated somewhat similar phrases in [Daniel 9:16](../09/16.md) and [Daniel 9:20](../09/20.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 12 intro l8k2 0 # Daniel 12 General Notes
## Structure and formatting
The final prophecy concludes in this chapter. It tells about the future resurrection of the dead and the final judgment. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/resurrection]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judgmentday]])
DAN 12 1 c4hl 0 Michael, the great prince Michael is an archangel. Here he is also given the title “great prince.”
DAN 12 1 svv2 figs-idiom 0 Michael … will rise up Here “rise up” is an idiom that means to appear. Alternate translation: “Michael … will appear” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
DAN 12 1 c1ic figs-activepassive 0 your people will be saved If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. You can also make it clear that God will save the people. Alternate translation: “God will save your people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
DAN 12 1 n3vd figs-activepassive 0 whose name is found written in the book If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. You can also make it clear that God writes names in the book. Alternate translation: “whose name God has written in the book” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
DAN 12 2 e327 figs-euphemism 0 those who sleep in the dust of the earth will rise up The phrase “sleep in the dust of the earth” is another way of referring to those who have died. Here “rise up” is an idiom that means to come back to life. Alternate translation: “those who have died will come back to life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
DAN 12 3 yt7b figs-simile 0 Those who are wise will shine like the brightness of the sky above This refers to God’s people who will share their wisdom with those around them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
DAN 12 3 g6t2 figs-metaphor 0 those who turn many to righteousness This refers to those who help others understand that they are separated from God, as if they were changing the direction in which they were going. Alternate translation: “those who teach others to live righteously” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
DAN 12 3 jd17 figs-simile 0 those who turn … are like the stars forever and ever These people are compared to the stars that shine. Alternate translation: “those who turn … will shine brightly like the stars forever and ever” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
DAN 12 4 qed5 figs-metonymy 0 close up these words; keep the book sealed Here “words” represents the book. Alternate translation: “close this book and keep it sealed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
DAN 12 4 mb3v 0 time of the end “the final days” or “the end of the world.” See how you translated this in [Daniel 8:17](../08/17.md).
DAN 12 4 krj6 figs-explicit 0 Many will run here and there, and knowledge will increase This seems to happen before “the time of the end” during which time the book is sealed. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “Before that happens, many people will travel here and there, learning more and more about many things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
DAN 12 5 q8a8 0 General Information: Daniel goes on to tell what he saw next in this vision that began in [Daniel 10:1](../10/01.md).
DAN 12 5 mxu1 0 there were two others standing Alternate translation: “there were two other angels standing”
DAN 12 6 d2x2 figs-activepassive 0 the man clothed in linen This refers to the angel who appeared to Daniel in [Daniel 10:5](../10/05.md), not to one of the angels who is standing beside the river. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the man who was wearing linen clothes” or “the angel who was wearing linen clothes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 12 6 cw1u 0 upstream along the river This could mean: (1) the angel clothed in linen was above the river or (2) the angel was further upstream along the river.
DAN 12 6 x2yz 0 How long will it be to the end of these amazing events? “How long will these amazing events last?” This refers to the time from the beginning to the end of the events.
DAN 12 6 g6y7 0 these amazing events At the time when the angel spoke to Daniel, none of the events in this vision had happened. This definitely refers to the events in [Daniel 12:1-4](./01.md), and may possibly also include the events in the vision from chapter 11.
DAN 12 7 z28b figs-activepassive 0 the man clothed in linen If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the man who was wearing linen clothes” or “the angel who was wearing linen clothes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 12 7 s5j3 0 the one who lives forever Alternate translation: “God, who lives forever”
DAN 12 7 i56r 0 it would be for a time, times, and half a time It is best to leave it ambiguous as to when this begins. If you must choose a starting point, the three and a half years probably start with the events of [Daniel 12:1-4](./01.md).
DAN 12 7 rue1 0 a time, times, and half a time “three and a half years.” These “times” are generally understood to refer to years. One and two and a half equal three and a half.
DAN 12 7 fme6 figs-activepassive 0 all these things will be completed If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “all these things will have happened” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
DAN 12 7 ir93 0 all these things At the time when the man clothed in linen spoke to Daniel, none of the events in this vision had happened. This refers to the events in [Daniel 12:1-4](./01.md), and may include the events in the vision from chapter 11.
DAN 12 8 as7u 0 My master Daniel refers to the angel clothed in linen as “My master” to show respect to the angel.
DAN 12 8 cd6n 0 of all these things At the time when the angel clothed in linen spoke to Daniel, none of the events in this vision had happened. This definitely refers to the events in [Daniel 12:1-4](./01.md), and may possibly also include the events in the vision from chapter 11.
DAN 12 9 g3nw figs-metaphor 0 for the words are shut up and sealed The vision that was given to Daniel was not to be explained. The book was sealed and no one could access it. Alternate translation: “for you are to close up and seal the words you have written” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
DAN 12 9 c98p 0 the time of the end “the final days” or “the end of the world.” See how you translated this in [Daniel 8:17](../08/17.md).
DAN 12 10 k53f figs-activepassive 0 Many will be purified, cleansed, and refined Yahweh does the purifying. These three terms mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will purify, cleanse, and refine many people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
DAN 12 10 nnz4 0 refined purified by removing anything that does not belong in them
DAN 12 10 b2dg 0 but the wicked will act wickedly The evil people will do evil or sinful things.
DAN 12 10 z62c 0 None of the wicked will understand The evil people can not understand spiritual knowledge.
DAN 12 10 j874 0 but those who are wise will understand Alternate translation: “but those who obey Yahweh are wise and will understand”
DAN 12 11 ux9k figs-explicit 0 the regular burnt offering is … is set up The king of the north is the one who stops the temple sacrifices. Alternate translation: “the king of the North takes away the regular burnt offering and sets up the abomination that causes complete desolation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
DAN 12 11 cg65 figs-idiom 0 the abomination that causes complete desolation This refers to an idol that will make the temple desolate, that is, that will cause God to leave his temple. See how you translated this in [Daniel 11:31](../11/31.md). Alternate translation: “the disgusting idol that will cause God to abandon the temple” or “the disgusting thing that will make the temple unclean” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
DAN 12 11 f32x translate-numbers 0 1,290 days “one thousand two and hundred ninety days” or “twelve hundred and ninety days.” Here “days” refers to a period of time. Most commonly rendered as days, but can also imply years. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
DAN 12 12 gpx3 0 Blessed is the one who waits Alternate translation: “Blessed is the person who waits” or “Blessed is anyone who waits”
DAN 12 12 dy9t 0 who waits Alternate translation: “who remains faithful”
DAN 12 12 lqv9 translate-numbers 0 the 1,335 days “one thousand three hundred and thirty-five days” or “thirteen hundred and thirty-five days.” Here “days” is referring to a period of time most commonly rendered as days. However, it can also imply years. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
DAN 12 13 md7k 0 You must go “Daniel, you must go” This refers to Daniel continuing to live and serve the kings until the appointed time of his death.
DAN 12 13 gv9d figs-euphemism 0 you will rest This is a gentle way of saying “you will die.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
DAN 12 13 kjx5 0 You will rise This is referring to the first resurrection of the dead when the righteous people will be raised up.
DAN 12 13 vf3x 0 the place assigned to you Alternate translation: “the place God has assigned to you”