# The servants served Joseph by himself and the brothers by themselves. The Egyptians there ate with him by themselves

This means that Joseph, the brothers, and the other Egyptians are eating in three different places within the same room. AT: "The servants served Joseph by himself and the brothers by themselves and the Egyptians, who were eating with him, by themselves"

# The Egyptians there ate with him by themselves

These are probably other Egyptian officials who ate with Joseph, but they still sat separately from him and the Hebrew brothers.

# because the Egyptians could not eat bread with the Hebrews, for that is detestable to the Egyptians

This can be translated as a new sentence: "They did this because the Egyptians thought it was shameful to eat with the Hebrews"

# could not eat bread

Here "bread" stands for food in general. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

# The brothers sat before him

It is implied that Joseph had arranged where each brother would sit. You can make clear the implied information. AT: "The brothers sat across from the man, according to how he arranged their places" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

# the firstborn according to his birthright, and the youngest according to his youth

The "firstborn" and the "youngest" are used together to mean all the brothers were sitting in order according to their age. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])

# The men were astonished together

"The men were very surprised when they realized this"

# But Benjamin's portion was five times as much as any of his brothers

The phrase "five times" can be stated more generally. AT: "But Benjamin received a portion that was much bigger than what his brothers received"