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@ -487,76 +487,76 @@ front:intro an3g 0 # Introduction to the Song of Songs\n\n## Part 1: General
7:13 xbk7 וְ⁠עַל־פְּתָחֵ֨י⁠נוּ֙ כָּל־מְגָדִ֔ים 1 Alternate translation: “and above the entrance of our house are every one of the best fruits”
7:13 c2ah rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom חֲדָשִׁ֖ים גַּם־יְשָׁנִ֑ים 1 Here, **new ones and also old ones** is an idiom which means “all kinds of fruit.” **New ones** refers to fruit which isn't yet ripe and **old ones** refers to ripe fruit. If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have that meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “fruit that is not yet ripe and also sweet ripe fruit” or “all kinds of fruit”
7:13 jsb8 דּוֹדִ֖⁠י צָפַ֥נְתִּי לָֽ⁠ךְ 1 Alternate translation: “My beloved, I have saved these so that I can give them to you” or “My beloved, I have saved my love so that I can give it to you”
8:intro d35n 0 # Song of Songs 8 General Notes\n\n## Religious and Cultural Concepts in This Chapter\n\n### Strong feelings of love and commitment between a man and woman who love each other romantically\n\n8:6-7 describe the strong feelings of love, commitment, and emotional attachment that can exist between a man and woman who love each other romantically.\n\n## Translation Issues in This Chapter\n\n\n### The meaning of [8:12](../08/12.md)\n\nThe three possible meanings of [8:12](../08/12.md) are: (1) that the woman is speaking of herself as a vineyard and saying that her vineyard is hers alone and is comparing herself to Solomon’s vineyard (which was discussed in [8:11](../08/11.md)) and saying that Solomon can keep the profits from his vineyard and his vineyard keepers can keep their portion of the profits from that vineyard. This is the interpretation of the UST. (2) that the woman is speaking of herself as a vineyard and saying that her vineyard is hers alone but that the man who she loves and calls Solomon can freely have the vineyard (her) because she chooses to give herself freely to him. (3) that the man is speaking of the woman he loves as a vineyard and saying that his vineyard (the woman he loves) is his alone and is comparing his vineyard (the woman he loves) to Solomon’s vineyard (which was discussed in [8:11](../08/11.md)) and saying that he feels more wealthy than Solomon because he has the woman he loves as his vineyard and so Solomon can keep the profits from his vineyard and his Solomon’s keepers can keep their portion of the profits from that vineyard.
8:1 dp21 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom מִ֤י יִתֶּנְ⁠ךָ֙ כְּ⁠אָ֣ח לִ֔⁠י יוֹנֵ֖ק שְׁדֵ֣י אִמִּ֑⁠י 1 Here, the woman is using the idiom **Who will give you** to express her wish that the man she loves be **like a brother** to her (so that she could publicly **kiss** him). If it would help your readers, you could an equivalent idiom from your language that expresses a desire or a wish or you could state the meaning in plain language. Alternate translation: “How I wish that you were like a brother to me, who nursed at the breasts of my mother” or “How I desire that you were like a brother to me, who nursed at the breasts of my mother”
8:1 nh74 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo מִ֤י יִתֶּנְ⁠ךָ֙ כְּ⁠אָ֣ח לִ֔⁠י יוֹנֵ֖ק שְׁדֵ֣י אִמִּ֑⁠י 1 In the culture at the time the author wrote this poem it was not socially acceptable for someone to show public affection towards someone they were married to and/or loved romantically but it was acceptable for siblings to give each other non romantic kisses of affection in public (the word **outside** means “in public” here). If it would help your readers you could tell your readers in a footnote that the woman desires that the man she loves be **like a brother** to her so that she could show public affection toward him.
8:1 tdby rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry מִ֤י יִתֶּנְ⁠ךָ֙ כְּ⁠אָ֣ח לִ֔⁠י יוֹנֵ֖ק שְׁדֵ֣י אִמִּ֑⁠י 1 The phrase **who nursed at the breasts of my mother** describes the word **brother** and has a similar meaning as the term **brother**. Saying the same thing in slightly different ways is a common feature of Hebrew poetry. If saying the same thing twice might be confusing for your readers, you could combine the phrases into one. Alternate translation: “Who will give you like a brother to me”
8:intro d35n 0 # Song of Songs 8 General Notes\n\n## Religious and Cultural Concepts in This Chapter\n\n### Strong feelings of love and commitment between a man and woman who love each other romantically\n\n8:6-7 describe the strong feelings of love, commitment, and emotional attachment that exist between a man and woman who love each other romantically.\n\n## Translation Issues in This Chapter\n\n\n### The meaning of [8:12](../08/12.md)\n\nThe three possible meanings of [8:12](../08/12.md) are: (1) that the woman is speaking of herself as a vineyard and saying that her vineyard is hers alone. She is comparing herself to Solomon’s vineyard (discussed in [8:11](../08/11.md)) and saying that Solomon and his vineyard keepers can keep the profits from that vineyard. This is the interpretation of the UST. (2) that the woman is speaking of herself as a vineyard but saying that she chooses to give herself freely to the man whom she loves and calls Solomon. (3) that the man is speaking of the woman he loves as a vineyard and is comparing his vineyard to Solomon’s vineyard. He feels wealthier than Solomon because he has the woman he loves as his vineyard and so Solomon and Solomon’s keepers can keep their portion of the profits from that vineyard.
8:1 dp21 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom מִ֤י יִתֶּנְ⁠ךָ֙ כְּ⁠אָ֣ח לִ֔⁠י יוֹנֵ֖ק שְׁדֵ֣י אִמִּ֑⁠י 1 Here the woman is using the idiom **Who will give you** to express her wish that the man she loves be **like a brother** to her (so that she could publicly kiss him). If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have that meaning or you could state the meaning in plainly. Alternate translation: “How I wish that you were like a brother to me, who nursed at the breasts of my mother” or “How I desire that you were like a brother to me, who nursed at the breasts of my mother”
8:1 nh74 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo מִ֤י יִתֶּנְ⁠ךָ֙ כְּ⁠אָ֣ח לִ֔⁠י יוֹנֵ֖ק שְׁדֵ֣י אִמִּ֑⁠י 1 In the writer's culture, it was not socially acceptable for someone to show public affection towards a spouse and/or a romantic partner, but it was acceptable for siblings to give each other non-romantic kisses in public. If it would help your readers, you could explain to them that the woman desires that the man she loves be **like a brother** so that she could show public affection toward him.
8:1 tdby rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry מִ֤י יִתֶּנְ⁠ךָ֙ כְּ⁠אָ֣ח לִ֔⁠י יוֹנֵ֖ק שְׁדֵ֣י אִמִּ֑⁠י 1 The phrase **who nursed at the breasts of my mother** describes the word **brother** and has a similar meaning. This is poetic language. Saying the same thing in slightly different ways is a common feature of Hebrew poetry. If your language has a way to indicate poetry, you could use it here. Alternate translation: “Who will give you like a brother to me”
8:1-2 wx6j rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-hypothetical אֶֽמְצָאֲ⁠ךָ֤ בַ⁠חוּץ֙ אֶשָׁ֣קְ⁠ךָ֔ גַּ֖ם לֹא־יָב֥וּזוּ לִֽ⁠י & אֶנְהָֽגֲ⁠ךָ֗ אֲבִֽיאֲ⁠ךָ֛ אֶל־בֵּ֥ית אִמִּ֖⁠י תְּלַמְּדֵ֑⁠נִי אַשְׁקְ⁠ךָ֙ מִ⁠יַּ֣יִן הָ⁠רֶ֔קַח מֵ⁠עֲסִ֖יס רִמֹּנִֽ⁠י 1 The woman is using a hypothetical situation (the situation of the man being **like a brother** to her and her finding him **outside**) to express what she would do if the the man she loved were **like a brother** to her. Alternate translation: “If you were like a brother to me and if I found you outside, then I would kiss you. Yes, if you were like a brother to me then they would not despise me. If you were like a brother to me then I would lead you; I would bring to the house of my mother who taught me and I would make you drink from the wine of spice, from the juice of my pomegranate”
8:1 ftwb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit גַּ֖ם 1 Here, the word **Yes** is used to strongly affirm what follows it in this sentence. Use a natural form in your language for expressing a strong assertion or strong emphasis.
8:1 xesp rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result לֹא־יָב֥וּזוּ לִֽ⁠י 1 By saying **they would not despise me** the woman is expressing the result of what would happen if the man she loved were **like a brother** to her and she found him **outside** and kissed him. Use a natural form in your language for expressing reason-result expressions. Alternate translation: “then they would not despise me”
8:1 ftwb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit גַּ֖ם 1 Here the word **Yes** is used to strongly affirm what follows it in this sentence. Use a natural form that would communicate that meaning in your language.
8:1 xesp rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result לֹא־יָב֥וּזוּ לִֽ⁠י 1 The woman is saying that if the man she loved were **like a brother** and she found him **outside** and kissed him, the result is that **they would not despise me**. Use a natural form in your language for expressing a statement like this. Alternate translation: “then they would not despise me”
8:2 c9tl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go אֲבִֽיאֲ⁠ךָ֛ אֶל־בֵּ֥ית אִמִּ֖⁠י 1 See how you translated the similar phrase **I had brought him to the house of my mother** in [3:4](../03/04.md). Alternate translation: “I would take you to the house of my mother”
8:2 qs1q אֲבִֽיאֲ⁠ךָ֛ אֶל־בֵּ֥ית אִמִּ֖⁠י תְּלַמְּדֵ֑⁠נִי 1 Alternate translation: “I would bring you to the house of my mother who taught me”
8:2 kdoj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אַשְׁקְ⁠ךָ֙ מִ⁠יַּ֣יִן הָ⁠רֶ֔קַח 1 The phrase **I would make you drink from the wine of spice** means “I would cause you to drink (by giving you) spiced wine.” If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “I would cause you to drink spiced wine” or “I would give you spiced wine to drink”
8:2 kdoj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אַשְׁקְ⁠ךָ֙ מִ⁠יַּ֣יִן הָ⁠רֶ֔קַח 1 The phrase **I would make you drink from the wine of spice** means “I would cause you to drink (by giving you) spiced wine.” If it would be helpful to your readers, you could include that information Alternate translation: “I would cause you to drink spiced wine” or “I would give you spiced wine to drink”
8:2 snjj rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown מִ⁠יַּ֣יִן הָ⁠רֶ֔קַח 1 See how you translated the similar phrase “spiced wine” in [7:2](../07/02.md).
8:2 c7vj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism אַשְׁקְ⁠ךָ֙ מִ⁠יַּ֣יִן הָ⁠רֶ֔קַח מֵ⁠עֲסִ֖יס רִמֹּנִֽ⁠י 1 The woman is politely and poetically referring to giving herself sexually to the man by speaking of the action of giving herself to the man as if she were making him **drink from the wine of spice** and drink **from the juice of my pomegranate**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning using a simile, or you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “I will give myself to you as if I were making you drink from the wine of spice and making you drink pomegranate juice” or “I will give myself to you as if I were giving you spiced wine to drink and giving you pomegranate juice to enjoy”
8:2 vskh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מֵ⁠עֲסִ֖יס רִמֹּנִֽ⁠י 1 Here, the term the ULT translates as **juice** refers to fresh new wine that is sweet. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “from my fresh pomegranate wine” or “from my sweet pomegranate wine”
8:2 c7vj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism אַשְׁקְ⁠ךָ֙ מִ⁠יַּ֣יִן הָ⁠רֶ֔קַח מֵ⁠עֲסִ֖יס רִמֹּנִֽ⁠י 1 The woman is politely and poetically referring to giving herself sexually to the man by using the phrase **I would make you drink from the wine of spice** and drink **from the juice of my pomegranate**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a polite way of referring to this in your language, or you could state this plainly. Alternate translation: “I will give myself to you as if I were making you drink from the wine of spice and pomegranate juice” or “I will give myself to you as if I were giving you spiced wine to drink and giving you pomegranate juice to enjoy”
8:2 vskh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מֵ⁠עֲסִ֖יס רִמֹּנִֽ⁠י 1 Here the term the ULT translates as **juice** refers to fresh new wine that is sweet. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could include this information. Alternate translation: “from my fresh pomegranate wine” or “from my sweet pomegranate wine”
8:3 vpti rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit שְׂמֹאל⁠וֹ֙ תַּ֣חַת רֹאשִׁ֔⁠י וִֽ⁠ימִינ֖⁠וֹ תְּחַבְּקֵֽ⁠נִי 1 This verse is identical to [Song of Songs 2:6](../02/06.md). Translate this verse exactly as you translated [2:6](../02/06.md).
8:4 z8a4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-oathformula הִשְׁבַּ֥עְתִּי אֶתְ⁠כֶ֖ם בְּנ֣וֹת יְרוּשָׁלִָ֑ם מַה־תָּעִ֧ירוּ ׀ וּֽ⁠מַה־תְּעֹֽרְר֛וּ אֶת־הָ⁠אַהֲבָ֖ה עַ֥ד שֶׁ⁠תֶּחְפָּֽץ 1 Besides excluding the phrase “by the female gazelles or the does of the field”, this verse is nearly identical to [Song of Songs 2:7](../02/07.md). You should translate this verse in a similar way to how you translated [Song of Songs 2:7](../02/07.md), but because this verse does not have the phrase “by the female gazelles or the does of the field” you should not include that phrase in this verse.
8:4 z8a4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-oathformula הִשְׁבַּ֥עְתִּי אֶתְ⁠כֶ֖ם בְּנ֣וֹת יְרוּשָׁלִָ֑ם מַה־תָּעִ֧ירוּ ׀ וּֽ⁠מַה־תְּעֹֽרְר֛וּ אֶת־הָ⁠אַהֲבָ֖ה עַ֥ד שֶׁ⁠תֶּחְפָּֽץ 1 You should translate this verse in a similar way to how you translated [Song of Songs 2:7](../02/07.md), but because this verse does not have the phrase “by the female gazelles or the does of the field,” you should not include that phrase in this verse.
8:5 ljjf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo מִ֣י זֹ֗את עֹלָה֙ מִן־הַ⁠מִּדְבָּ֔ר מִתְרַפֶּ֖קֶת עַל־דּוֹדָ֑⁠הּ 1 The author does not say who is speaking about the couple here so you should not indicate who you think is speaking explicitly in the text of your translation. However, if you are using section headers to indicate who is speaking, as the UST does, the speakers here are most likely the “daughters of Jerusalem” who spoke several times earlier in the book and who were addressed in the previous verse.
8:5 a5w5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion מִ֣י זֹ֗את עֹלָה֙ מִן־הַ⁠מִּדְבָּ֔ר מִתְרַפֶּ֖קֶת עַל־דּוֹדָ֑⁠הּ 1 Here, the phrase **Who is that** is a rhetorical question that is used to create a sense of expectation and interest. If you would not use the question form for this purpose in your language, you could translate these words as a statement or an exclamation and communicate the emphasis in another way as modeled by the UST.
8:5 wu6i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit עֹלָה֙ 1 The phrase **coming up** is used by the author because the group of people described is traveling **from the wilderness** to Jerusalem. They must travel upward in elevation in order to reach Jerusalem because **the wilderness** is low in the Jordan valley and Jerusalem is built on hills and is therefore high. Use a word or phrase that expresses moving upward in elevation. Alternate translation: “moving upward” or “arising”
8:5 gd2i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go עֹלָה֙ 1 Your language may say “going” rather than **coming** in contexts such as this. Use whichever is more natural. Alternate translation: “going up”
8:5-7 df81 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo תַּ֤חַת הַ⁠תַּפּ֨וּחַ֙ עֽוֹרַרְתִּ֔י⁠ךָ שָׁ֚מָּ⁠ה חִבְּלַ֣תְ⁠ךָ אִמֶּ֔⁠ךָ שָׁ֖מָּ⁠ה חִבְּלָ֥ה יְלָדַֽתְ⁠ךָ & שִׂימֵ֨⁠נִי כַֽ⁠חוֹתָ֜ם עַל־לִבֶּ֗⁠ךָ כַּֽ⁠חוֹתָם֙ עַל־זְרוֹעֶ֔⁠ךָ כִּֽי־עַזָּ֤ה כַ⁠מָּ֨וֶת֙ אַהֲבָ֔ה קָשָׁ֥ה כִ⁠שְׁא֖וֹל קִנְאָ֑ה רְשָׁפֶ֕י⁠הָ רִשְׁפֵּ֕י אֵ֖שׁ שַׁלְהֶ֥בֶתְ יָֽה & מַ֣יִם רַבִּ֗ים לֹ֤א יֽוּכְלוּ֙ לְ⁠כַבּ֣וֹת אֶת־הָֽ⁠אַהֲבָ֔ה וּ⁠נְהָר֖וֹת לֹ֣א יִשְׁטְפ֑וּ⁠הָ אִם־יִתֵּ֨ן אִ֜ישׁ אֶת־כָּל־ה֤וֹן בֵּית⁠וֹ֙ בָּ⁠אַהֲבָ֔ה בּ֖וֹז יָב֥וּזוּ לֽ⁠וֹ 1 The author does not say who is speaking here so you should not indicate who you think is speaking in the text of your translation. However, if you are using section headers to indicate who is speaking, as the UST does, you can place a header above this section indicating who the speaker is. Here the speaker could be: (1) the woman. (2) The man.
8:5 a5w5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion מִ֣י זֹ֗את עֹלָה֙ מִן־הַ⁠מִּדְבָּ֔ר מִתְרַפֶּ֖קֶת עַל־דּוֹדָ֑⁠הּ 1 The writer is using the question form, **Who is that**, to create a sense of expectation and interest. If you would not use the question form for this purpose in your language, you could translate these words as a statement or an exclamation.
8:5 wu6i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit עֹלָה֙ 1 The writer assumes that his readers understand that the group of people **coming up from the wilderness** to Jerusalem must travel upward because **the wilderness** is low in the Jordan valley and Jerusalem is built on hills. You could include this information if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “moving upward” or “arising”
8:5 gd2i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go עֹלָה֙ 1 Your language may say “going” rather than **coming** in a context such as this. Use whichever is more natural. Alternate translation: “going up”
8:5-7 df81 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo תַּ֤חַת הַ⁠תַּפּ֨וּחַ֙ עֽוֹרַרְתִּ֔י⁠ךָ שָׁ֚מָּ⁠ה חִבְּלַ֣תְ⁠ךָ אִמֶּ֔⁠ךָ שָׁ֖מָּ⁠ה חִבְּלָ֥ה יְלָדַֽתְ⁠ךָ & שִׂימֵ֨⁠נִי כַֽ⁠חוֹתָ֜ם עַל־לִבֶּ֗⁠ךָ כַּֽ⁠חוֹתָם֙ עַל־זְרוֹעֶ֔⁠ךָ כִּֽי־עַזָּ֤ה כַ⁠מָּ֨וֶת֙ אַהֲבָ֔ה קָשָׁ֥ה כִ⁠שְׁא֖וֹל קִנְאָ֑ה רְשָׁפֶ֕י⁠הָ רִשְׁפֵּ֕י אֵ֖שׁ שַׁלְהֶ֥בֶתְ יָֽה & מַ֣יִם רַבִּ֗ים לֹ֤א יֽוּכְלוּ֙ לְ⁠כַבּ֣וֹת אֶת־הָֽ⁠אַהֲבָ֔ה וּ⁠נְהָר֖וֹת לֹ֣א יִשְׁטְפ֑וּ⁠הָ אִם־יִתֵּ֨ן אִ֜ישׁ אֶת־כָּל־ה֤וֹן בֵּית⁠וֹ֙ בָּ⁠אַהֲבָ֔ה בּ֖וֹז יָב֥וּזוּ לֽ⁠וֹ 1 The author does not say who is speaking here so you should not indicate who you think is speaking in the text of your translation. However, if you are using section headers to indicate who is speaking, you can place a header above this section indicating who the speaker is. Here the speaker could be: (1) the woman. (2) The man.
8:5 iobz rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown הַ⁠תַּפּ֨וּחַ֙ 1 See how you translated the phrase **apple tree** in [2:3](../02/03.md).
8:5 cf0x חִבְּלַ֣תְ⁠ךָ 1 The phrase the ULT translates as **was in labor with you** could: (1) refer to the process of a mother being in labor and be translated as the ULT models. (2) refer to the act of conception. Alternate translation: “conceived you”
8:6 l86i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy שִׂימֵ֨⁠נִי כַֽ⁠חוֹתָ֜ם עַל־לִבֶּ֗⁠ךָ 1 Here, **heart** could represent: (1) the chest of a person. Alternate translation: “Place me like a seal that is hung by a cord around your neck and hangs down onto your chest” (2) the emotions and thoughts of a person. Alternate translation: “Always love and think about me” or “Always love and think about me as if I were stamped onto your heart”
8:6 zl22 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile שִׂימֵ֨⁠נִי כַֽ⁠חוֹתָ֜ם עַל־לִבֶּ֗⁠ךָ כַּֽ⁠חוֹתָם֙ עַל־זְרוֹעֶ֔⁠ךָ 1 The point of this comparison is that the woman wants the man she loves to be close to her like a **seal** hanging from a cord around his neck that hangs down over his **heart** (chest) and like a **seal** that is worn on his **arm**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent comparison or express this meaning in plain language. Alternately, you could express the point of comparison as modeled by the UST. Alternate translation: “Please keep me very near to you”
8:6 ixip rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כַּֽ⁠חוֹתָם֙ עַל־זְרוֹעֶ֔⁠ךָ 1 The word which the ULT translates as **hand** can refer to any part of the arm, including the wrist and hand. The phrase **the seal on your arm** refers to a **seal** that is worn on a bracelet on the wrist. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “like a seal worn on your wrist” or “like a seal worn on a bracelet on your wrist”
8:6 eq3p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis כַּֽ⁠חוֹתָם֙ עַל־זְרוֹעֶ֔⁠ךָ 1 The speaker is leaving out some of the words that a sentence would need in many languages to be complete. If it would help your readers, you could supply these words from the context. Alternate translation: “place me like the seal on your arm”
8:6 tci8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile עַזָּ֤ה כַ⁠מָּ֨וֶת֙ אַהֲבָ֔ה קָשָׁ֥ה כִ⁠שְׁא֖וֹל קִנְאָ֑ה 1 The phrase **strong like death is love** and the phrase **unyielding like Sheol is zeal** are both similes for the power of romantic love. The point of comparison between romantic **love** and **death** is that they are both very strong and overcome a person in a powerful and irresistible way. The point of comparison between **Sheol** and the **zeal** of romantic love is that they are both **unyielding**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent comparison from your culture.
8:6 bqf1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns כִּֽי־עַזָּ֤ה כַ⁠מָּ֨וֶת֙ אַהֲבָ֔ה 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **love**, you could express the meaning with a verb, as modeled by the UST, or you could express the meaning in some other way that is natural in your language.
8:6 kkfg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit קָשָׁ֥ה כִ⁠שְׁא֖וֹל קִנְאָ֑ה 1 Here, the word the ULT translates as **zeal** could: (1) have the positive meaning of romantic zeal or fervor and refer to the romantic zeal of lovers. Alternate translation: “unyielding like Sheol is the zeal lovers have for each other” or “the passionate feelings lovers have for one another is unyielding like Sheol” (2) refer to the negative feeling of a lover being jealous for the affection, love, and attention of the person they love romantically. Alternate translation: “unyielding like Sheol is jealousy” or “the jealousy lovers have for the love of one another is unyielding like Sheol”
8:6 jzw0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns קָשָׁ֥ה כִ⁠שְׁא֖וֹל קִנְאָ֑ה 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **zeal**, you could express the same idea with an adverb or in some other way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “lovers zealously love each other in a way that is unyielding like Sheol” or “lovers passionately love each other in a way that is unyielding like Sheol”
8:6 fgrc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy כִ⁠שְׁא֖וֹל 1 This line is parallel in meaning to the preceding line. The woman is again referring to **death**. Here, she is describing **death** by association with **Sheol**, which is where dead people were thought to go in that culture. If your readers would not understand this, you could use plain language, as modeled by the UST, or use an equivalent expression from your culture.
8:6 fvz9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor רְשָׁפֶ֕י⁠הָ רִשְׁפֵּ֕י אֵ֖שׁ שַׁלְהֶ֥בֶתְ יָֽה 1 Here, the woman is speaking of the **zeal** of romantic love as if it were **flashes of fire** and **the flame of Yahweh**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning with a simile or you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “The zeal of lovers is like flashes of fire and like the flame of Yahweh” or “The passion of lovers is like flashes of fire and like the flame of Yahweh”
8:6 tw71 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom שַׁלְהֶ֥בֶתְ יָֽה 1 The phrase **the flame of Yah** is an idiom that refers to lightening. If your readers would not understand this, you could use use plain language or indicate the meaning in a footnote. Alternate translation: “the lightening of Yah” or “the flashes of lightening”
8:7 baf6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מַ֣יִם רַבִּ֗ים לֹ֤א יֽוּכְלוּ֙ לְ⁠כַבּ֣וֹת אֶת־הָֽ⁠אַהֲבָ֔ה וּ⁠נְהָר֖וֹת לֹ֣א יִשְׁטְפ֑וּ⁠הָ 1 Here, **love** is spoken of as though it is a strongly burning fire which **Many waters** (a great amount of water) cannot **quench** and which **rivers** cannot **drown**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning with a simile or you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Love is so strong that it is like a strong fire that great amounts of water cannot quench and which rivers full of water cannot put out” or “The feelings of love which a man and a woman who are lovers have for each other is very strong” or “Nothing can stop romantic love”\n
8:6 l86i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy שִׂימֵ֨⁠נִי כַֽ⁠חוֹתָ֜ם עַל־לִבֶּ֗⁠ךָ 1 Here, **heart** could represent: (1) the chest of a person. Alternate translation: “Place me like a seal that is hung by a cord around your neck and hangs down onto your chest” (2) the emotions and thoughts of a person. Alternate translation: “Always love and think about me” or “Always love and think about me as if I were stamped onto your heart" If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or you could state the meaning plainly.
8:6 zl22 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile שִׂימֵ֨⁠נִי כַֽ⁠חוֹתָ֜ם עַל־לִבֶּ֗⁠ךָ כַּֽ⁠חוֹתָם֙ עַל־זְרוֹעֶ֔⁠ךָ 1 The woman is saying that she wants the man she loves to be close to her like a **seal** hanging from a cord around his neck down over his **heart** (chest) and like a **seal** that is worn on his **arm**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state that explicitly. Alternate translation: “Please keep me very near to you”
8:6 ixip rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כַּֽ⁠חוֹתָם֙ עַל־זְרוֹעֶ֔⁠ךָ 1 The word which the ULT translates as **arm** can refer to any part of the arm, including the wrist and hand. The phrase **the seal on your arm** refers to a seal that is worn on a bracelet on the wrist. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could include this information. Alternate translation: “like a seal worn on your wrist” or “like a seal worn on a bracelet on your wrist”
8:6 eq3p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis כַּֽ⁠חוֹתָם֙ עַל־זְרוֹעֶ֔⁠ךָ 1 The speaker is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. If it would be clearer in your language, you could supply these words from earlier in the sentence. Alternate translation: “place me like the seal on your arm”
8:6 tci8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile עַזָּ֤ה כַ⁠מָּ֨וֶת֙ אַהֲבָ֔ה קָשָׁ֥ה כִ⁠שְׁא֖וֹל קִנְאָ֑ה 1 The phrases **strong like death is love** and **unyielding like Sheol is zeal** are comparisons because romantic **love** and **death** are both very strong and overcome a person in a powerful and irresistible way while **Sheol** and the **zeal** of romantic love are both **unyielding**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state that explicitly.
8:6 bqf1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns כִּֽי־עַזָּ֤ה כַ⁠מָּ֨וֶת֙ אַהֲבָ֔ה 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **love**, you could express the same idea in another way that is natural in your language.
8:6 kkfg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit קָשָׁ֥ה כִ⁠שְׁא֖וֹל קִנְאָ֑ה 1 Here the word the ULT translates as **zeal** could: (1) have the positive meaning of the romantic fervor that lovers have for one another. Alternate translation: “unyielding like Sheol is the zeal lovers have for each other” or “the passionate feelings lovers have for one another is unyielding like Sheol” (2) refer to the negative feelings of lovers who are jealous for the affection, love, and attention of the other. Alternate translation: “unyielding like Sheol is jealousy” or “the jealousy lovers have for the love of one another is unyielding like Sheol”
8:6 jzw0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns קָשָׁ֥ה כִ⁠שְׁא֖וֹל קִנְאָ֑ה 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **zeal**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “lovers zealously love each other in a way that is unyielding like Sheol” or “lovers passionately love each other in a way that is unyielding like Sheol”
8:6 fgrc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy כִ⁠שְׁא֖וֹל 1 Here, **Sheol** represents **death**. This line is parallel in meaning to the preceding line. The woman is again referring to **death** by association with **Sheol**, which is where dead people were thought to go in that culture. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly.
8:6 fvz9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor רְשָׁפֶ֕י⁠הָ רִשְׁפֵּ֕י אֵ֖שׁ שַׁלְהֶ֥בֶתְ יָֽה 1 Here the woman is speaking of the zeal of romantic love as if it were **flashes of fire** and **the flame of Yah**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “The zeal of lovers is like flashes of fire and like the flame of Yahweh” or “The passion of lovers is like flashes of fire and like the flame of Yahweh”
8:6 tw71 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom שַׁלְהֶ֥בֶתְ יָֽה 1 Here, **the flame of Yah** is an idiom that means "lightening." If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have that meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the lightening of Yah” or “the flashes of lightening”
8:7 baf6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מַ֣יִם רַבִּ֗ים לֹ֤א יֽוּכְלוּ֙ לְ⁠כַבּ֣וֹת אֶת־הָֽ⁠אַהֲבָ֔ה וּ⁠נְהָר֖וֹת לֹ֣א יִשְׁטְפ֑וּ⁠הָ 1 Here the writer is speaking of **love** as if it is a strongly burning fire which **Many waters** cannot **quench** and which **rivers** cannot **drown**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Love is so strong that it is like a strong fire that great amounts of water cannot quench and which rivers full of water cannot put out” or “The feelings of love which a man and a woman who are lovers have for each other is very strong” or “Nothing can stop romantic love”\n
8:7 j0q6 מַ֣יִם רַבִּ֗ים לֹ֤א יֽוּכְלוּ֙ לְ⁠כַבּ֣וֹת אֶת־הָֽ⁠אַהֲבָ֔ה וּ⁠נְהָר֖וֹת לֹ֣א יִשְׁטְפ֑וּ⁠הָ 1 Alternate translation: “Nothing can extinguish our love for each other, not even a flood”
8:7 riom rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns אֶת־הָֽ⁠אַהֲבָ֔ה & בָּ⁠אַהֲבָ֔ה 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **love**, you could express the same idea with a verb, as modeled by the UST, or you could express it in some other way that is natural in your language.
8:7 jwh1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-fact אִם־יִתֵּ֨ן אִ֜ישׁ אֶת־כָּל־ה֤וֹן בֵּית⁠וֹ֙ בָּ⁠אַהֲבָ֔ה בּ֖וֹז יָב֥וּזוּ לֽ⁠וֹ 1 The woman speaks as if this were a hypothetical situation, but she means that it must be true. If your language does not state something as a condition if it is certain or true, then you could translate the woman’s words as an affirmative statement. Alternate translation: “Even though a man tries to give all the wealth of his house in exchange for love, his offer will be utterly despised”
8:7 riom rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns אֶת־הָֽ⁠אַהֲבָ֔ה & בָּ⁠אַהֲבָ֔ה 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **love**, you could express the same idea in some other way that is natural in your language.
8:7 jwh1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-fact אִם־יִתֵּ֨ן אִ֜ישׁ אֶת־כָּל־ה֤וֹן בֵּית⁠וֹ֙ בָּ⁠אַהֲבָ֔ה בּ֖וֹז יָב֥וּזוּ לֽ⁠וֹ 1 The woman speaks as if this were a hypothetical situation, but she means that it must be true. If your language does not state something as a condition if it is certain or true, and if your readers might think that what the woman is saying is uncertain, then you could translate her words as an affirmative statement. Alternate translation: “Even though a man tries to give all the wealth of his house in exchange for love, his offer will be utterly despised”
8:7 n3pn בָּ⁠אַהֲבָ֔ה 1 Alternate translation: “in order to get love” or “in order to buy love”
8:7 bir4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לֽ⁠וֹ 1 The word the ULT translates as **it** could: (1) refer to **all the wealth of his house** and be translated as “it” as modeled by the ULT. (2) could refer to the **man** who is offering **all the wealth of his house in exchange for love**. Alternate translation: “him”
8:8-9 qj9z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo אָח֥וֹת לָ֨⁠נוּ֙ קְטַנָּ֔ה וְ⁠שָׁדַ֖יִם אֵ֣ין לָ֑⁠הּ מַֽה־נַּעֲשֶׂה֙ לַ⁠אֲחֹתֵ֔⁠נוּ בַּ⁠יּ֖וֹם שֶׁ⁠יְּדֻבַּר־בָּֽ⁠הּ & אִם־חוֹמָ֣ה הִ֔יא נִבְנֶ֥ה עָלֶ֖י⁠הָ טִ֣ירַת כָּ֑סֶף וְ⁠אִם־דֶּ֣לֶת הִ֔יא נָצ֥וּר עָלֶ֖י⁠הָ ל֥וּחַ אָֽרֶז 1 The author does not say who is speaking here so you should not indicate who you think is speaking explicitly in the text of your translation. However, if you are using section headers to indicate who is speaking, the majority of Bible scholars think that the woman’s brothers are speaking here. Because of this and because the phrases **A sister belongs to us** and **What will we do with our sister** in 8:8 seem to indicate that the woman’s brothers are speaking, the most likely view is that her brothers are the the ones speaking so if you choose to use headers you can place a header above 8:8-9, indicating that the woman’s brothers are speaking as modeled by the UST.
8:8 au5a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit קְטַנָּ֔ה 1 Here, the phrase **a little one** means “a young one” or “a younger one.” If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “a young one” or “a younger one”
8:8 ada0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְ⁠שָׁדַ֖יִם אֵ֣ין לָ֑⁠הּ 1 The phrase **and breasts there are not for her** is an idiom expressing that the woman’s brothers think she is not yet ready for marriage and meaning that her breasts are small and have not fully formed (and are therefore small) indicating that she has not reached full physical maturity. If your readers would not understand this, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “and she is not yet fully grown” or “and her breasts are still small” or “and she is not yet ready for marriage”
8:8 t9yn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom בַּ⁠יּ֖וֹם 1 The phrase **on the day** is an idiom meaning “at the time.” If your readers would not understand this, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language as modeled by the UST.
8:8 tzso rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בַּ⁠יּ֖וֹם שֶׁ⁠יְּדֻבַּר־בָּֽ⁠הּ 1 The phrase **the day when it is spoken for her** means “on the day when she is spoken for in marriage” and betrothed to a man. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “on the day when she is pledged to be married” or “on the day when she is spoken for in marriage” or “on the day when she is betrothed to be married”
8:8 rs4v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive שֶׁ⁠יְּדֻבַּר־בָּֽ⁠הּ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who did the action, the context implies that the brothers are the ones who will do it. Alternate translation: “when we speak for her by promising a man that he can marry her”
8:9 mpf5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אִם־חוֹמָ֣ה הִ֔יא נִבְנֶ֥ה עָלֶ֖י⁠הָ טִ֣ירַת כָּ֑סֶף 1 Here, the woman’s brothers are speaking of their sister as if she were **a wall** that they would **build...a battlement of silver** upon. The meaning of this metaphor could be: (1) that they would makes effort to protect her virginity as if she were **a wall** that they were seeking to protect by building a silver battlement on (a battlement was a row of stones that was built on top of a wall for the purpose of protecting it). Alternate translation: “We will protect her virginity like how we would protect a wall by building a battlement of silver on it” (2) that her chest was flat like a wall because her breasts were not yet fully formed and so they would try to make her more attractive for the man she was going to marry by adorning her with silver jewels. Alternate translation: “If her chest is flat like a wall, we will decorate it by putting silver jewels that are like towers on it”
8:9 durb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ⁠אִם־דֶּ֣לֶת הִ֔יא נָצ֥וּר עָלֶ֖י⁠הָ ל֥וּחַ אָֽרֶז 1 Here, the woman’s brothers are speaking of their sister as if she were **a door** that they would **enclose** with **boards of cedar**. The meaning of this metaphor could be: (1) that they would makes effort to protect her virginity as if she were **a door** that they would **enclose** with **boards of cedar**. Alternate translation: “We will protect her virginity like how we would enclose a door with boards of cedar” (2) that her chest was flat like a door because her breasts were not yet fully formed and so they would try to make her more attractive for the man she was going to marry by adorning her like how they would decorate a door with cedar wood (The word the ULT translates as **enclose** is identical in form to another word which means “decorate” so it is possible that “decorate” could be the intended meaning here). Alternate translation: “And if she is flat like a door, we will decorate her like how we would decorate a door with planks of cedar wood”
8:10 bllz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo אֲנִ֣י חוֹמָ֔ה וְ⁠שָׁדַ֖⁠י כַּ⁠מִּגְדָּל֑וֹת אָ֛ז הָיִ֥יתִי בְ⁠עֵינָ֖י⁠ו כְּ⁠מוֹצְאֵ֥ת שָׁלֽוֹם 1 The author does not say who is speaking here so you should not indicate who you think is speaking explicitly in the text of your translation. However, if you are using section headers to indicate who is speaking, as the UST does, you can place a header above 8:10 indicating that the speaker is the woman.
8:10 n2vy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אֲנִ֣י חוֹמָ֔ה 1 Here, the woman continues the metaphor of a wall that her brothers began in the preceding verse. By referring to herself as **a wall** here, she could: (1) be indicating that she had remained a virgin. Alternate translation: “I was like a wall and remained a virgin” (2) be referring to her chest and be saying that in the past her breasts were not fully formed. Alternate translation: “My chest was previously flat like a wall”
8:7 bir4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לֽ⁠וֹ 1 The word the ULT translates as **it** could: (1) refer to "all the wealth of his house" and be translated as “it." (2) could refer to the "man" who is offering "all the wealth of his house in exchange for love." Alternate translation: “him”
8:8-9 qj9z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo אָח֥וֹת לָ֨⁠נוּ֙ קְטַנָּ֔ה וְ⁠שָׁדַ֖יִם אֵ֣ין לָ֑⁠הּ מַֽה־נַּעֲשֶׂה֙ לַ⁠אֲחֹתֵ֔⁠נוּ בַּ⁠יּ֖וֹם שֶׁ⁠יְּדֻבַּר־בָּֽ⁠הּ & אִם־חוֹמָ֣ה הִ֔יא נִבְנֶ֥ה עָלֶ֖י⁠הָ טִ֣ירַת כָּ֑סֶף וְ⁠אִם־דֶּ֣לֶת הִ֔יא נָצ֥וּר עָלֶ֖י⁠הָ ל֥וּחַ אָֽרֶז 1 Since the author does not say who is speaking here, you should not indicate who you think is speaking explicitly in the text of your translation. However, the majority of Bible scholars think that the woman’s brothers are speaking here. Because of this and because the phrases **A sister belongs to us** and **What will we do with our sister** in 8:8 seem to indicate that the woman’s brothers are speaking, you can place a header above 8:8-9, indicating that the woman’s brothers are speaking.
8:8 au5a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit קְטַנָּ֔ה 1 Here the phrase **a little one** means “a young one” or “a younger one.” If it would be helpful to your readers, you could include this information. Alternate translation: “a young one” or “a younger one”
8:8 ada0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְ⁠שָׁדַ֖יִם אֵ֣ין לָ֑⁠הּ 1 The phrase **and breasts there are not for her** is an idiom that means the woman’s brothers think she has not reached full physical maturity and is therefore not yet ready for marriage. If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have that meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and she is not yet fully grown” or “and her breasts are still small” or “and she is not yet ready for marriage”
8:8 t9yn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom בַּ⁠יּ֖וֹם 1 Here, **on the day** is an idiom that means “at the time.” If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have that meaning or state the meaning plainly.
8:8 tzso rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בַּ⁠יּ֖וֹם שֶׁ⁠יְּדֻבַּר־בָּֽ⁠הּ 1 The phrase **the day when it is spoken for her** means “on the day when she is spoken for in marriage” and betrothed to a man. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could include this information. Alternate translation: “on the day when she is pledged to be married” or “on the day when she is spoken for in marriage” or “on the day when she is betrothed to be married”
8:8 rs4v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive שֶׁ⁠יְּדֻבַּר־בָּֽ⁠הּ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who did the action, the context implies that the brothers are the ones who will do it. Alternate translation: “when we speak for her by promising a man that he can marry her”
8:9 mpf5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אִם־חוֹמָ֣ה הִ֔יא נִבְנֶ֥ה עָלֶ֖י⁠הָ טִ֣ירַת כָּ֑סֶף 1 Here the woman’s brothers are speaking of their sister as if she were **a wall** that they would protect by building **a battlement of silver** on it. The meaning could be: (1) that they would protect her virginity by guarding her like a wall that has a battlement can be guarded. Alternate translation: “We will protect her virginity like we would protect a wall by building a battlement of silver on it” (2) that her chest was flat because her breasts were not fully formed, and they would try to make her attractive for the man she was going to marry by adorning her with silver jewels. Alternate translation: “If her chest is flat like a wall, we will decorate it by putting silver jewels that are like towers on it”
8:9 durb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ⁠אִם־דֶּ֣לֶת הִ֔יא נָצ֥וּר עָלֶ֖י⁠הָ ל֥וּחַ אָֽרֶז 1 Here the woman’s brothers are speaking of their sister as if she were **a door** that they would **enclose** with **boards of cedar**. The meaning could be: (1) that they would make an effort to protect her virginity. Alternate translation: “We will protect her virginity like we would enclose a door with boards of cedar” (2) that her chest was flat because her breasts were not fully formed and so they would try to make her more attractive for the man she was going to marry by adorning her the way they would decorate a door with cedar wood (The word the ULT translates as **enclose** is identical in form to another word which means “decorate” so “decorate” could be the intended meaning here). Alternate translation: “And if she is flat like a door, we will decorate her like we would decorate a door with planks of cedar wood”
8:10 bllz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo אֲנִ֣י חוֹמָ֔ה וְ⁠שָׁדַ֖⁠י כַּ⁠מִּגְדָּל֑וֹת אָ֛ז הָיִ֥יתִי בְ⁠עֵינָ֖י⁠ו כְּ⁠מוֹצְאֵ֥ת שָׁלֽוֹם 1 The author does not say who is speaking here so you should not indicate who you think is speaking in the text of your translation. However, if you are using section headers to indicate who is speaking, you can place a header above 8:10 indicating that the speaker is the woman.
8:10 n2vy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אֲנִ֣י חוֹמָ֔ה 1 Here the woman continues the metaphor that her brothers began in the preceding verse by referring to herself as **a wall**. She could: (1) be indicating that she had remained a virgin. Alternate translation: “I was like a wall and remained a virgin” (2) be referring to her chest by saying that in the past her breasts were not fully formed. Alternate translation: “My chest was previously flat like a wall”
8:10 r3ez וְ⁠שָׁדַ֖⁠י 1 Alternate translation: “but now my breasts are”
8:10 mc78 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile וְ⁠שָׁדַ֖⁠י כַּ⁠מִּגְדָּל֑וֹת 1 The point of this comparison is that the woman’s breasts are large **like towers**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the point of this comparison or you could express this meaning in plain language. Alternate translation: “and now my breasts are large” or “and now my breasts are fully grown”
8:10 jdgq rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result אָ֛ז 1 The word translated as **then** indicates that what follows is a result of what came before it. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a result of what came before. Alternate translation: “this is why” or “as a result”
8:10 rll2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy הָיִ֥יתִי בְ⁠עֵינָ֖י⁠ו 1 Here, the man’s **eyes** represent his evaluation or estimation. If your readers would not understand this, you could use plain language as modeled by the UST. Alternate translation: “I am in his judgment” or “he thinks of me” or “I was in his opinion”
8:10 mc78 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile וְ⁠שָׁדַ֖⁠י כַּ⁠מִּגְדָּל֑וֹת 1 The woman is saying that her breasts are large **like towers**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state that explicitly. Alternate translation: “and now my breasts are large” or “and now my breasts are fully grown”
8:10 jdgq rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result אָ֛ז 1 The word translated as **then** indicates that what follows is a result of what came before. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a result of what came before. Alternate translation: “this is why” or “as a result”
8:10 rll2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy הָיִ֥יתִי בְ⁠עֵינָ֖י⁠ו 1 Here, **his eyes** represent his evaluation or estimation. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “I am, in his judgment” or “he thinks of me” or “I was, in his opinion”
8:10 vs14 כְּ⁠מוֹצְאֵ֥ת 1 The word the ULT translates as **finds** could mean: (1) “finds.” If you choose this option you should translate this word in a similar way to the ULT. (2) “brings.” Alternate translation: “like a person who brings”
8:10 b5uu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit הָיִ֥יתִי בְ⁠עֵינָ֖י⁠ו כְּ⁠מוֹצְאֵ֥ת שָׁלֽוֹם 1 Here, the word **peace** refers to “favor.” If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “I found favor in his eyes”
8:11-12 ewqv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo כֶּ֣רֶם הָיָ֤ה לִ⁠שְׁלֹמֹה֙ בְּ⁠בַ֣עַל הָמ֔וֹן נָתַ֥ן אֶת־הַ⁠כֶּ֖רֶם לַ⁠נֹּטְרִ֑ים אִ֛ישׁ יָבִ֥א בְּ⁠פִרְי֖⁠וֹ אֶ֥לֶף כָּֽסֶף & כָּרְמִ֥⁠י שֶׁ⁠לִּ֖⁠י לְ⁠פָנָ֑⁠י הָ⁠אֶ֤לֶף לְ⁠ךָ֙ שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה וּ⁠מָאתַ֖יִם לְ⁠נֹטְרִ֥ים אֶת־פִּרְיֽ⁠וֹ 1 Because the author does not say who is speaking you should not indicate who is speaking in the text of your translation. However, if you are using section headers to indicate who is speaking the speaker could be: (1) the woman in both 8:11 and 8:12. If you decide that the woman is speaking in these verses you can follow the example of the UST and include these two verses under the section heading for 8:10 that indicates the woman is speaking. (2) the man in both these verses. If you decide the man is speaking in these verses you can put a section header at the top of 8:11 indicating that the man is speaking.
8:11 x2c3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names בְּ⁠בַ֣עַל הָמ֔וֹן 1 **Baal Hamon** is the name of a place. The name **Baal Hamon** means “master of wealth.” Because the meaning of the name has significance here you could include a footnote in your translation indicating that the name **Baal Hamon** means “master of wealth, wealthy master, possessor of abundance.”
8:11 b1b3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown לַ⁠נֹּטְרִ֑ים 1 Here, the term **keepers** refers to farmers who rent land from a land owner and pay the land owner in order to farm his land (Here, the amount the **keepers** payed **Solomon** the land owner to farm his land was **a thousand pieces of silver**). If your readers would not be familiar with this type of farmer, you could describe what this term means in your translation. Alternate translation: “people who would pay him so that they could farm it” or “men who would pay him so that they could farm it”
8:10 b5uu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit הָיִ֥יתִי בְ⁠עֵינָ֖י⁠ו כְּ⁠מוֹצְאֵ֥ת שָׁלֽוֹם 1 Here the word **peace** refers to “favor.” If it would be helpful to your readers, you could include this information. Alternate translation: “I found favor in his eyes”
8:11-12 ewqv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo כֶּ֣רֶם הָיָ֤ה לִ⁠שְׁלֹמֹה֙ בְּ⁠בַ֣עַל הָמ֔וֹן נָתַ֥ן אֶת־הַ⁠כֶּ֖רֶם לַ⁠נֹּטְרִ֑ים אִ֛ישׁ יָבִ֥א בְּ⁠פִרְי֖⁠וֹ אֶ֥לֶף כָּֽסֶף & כָּרְמִ֥⁠י שֶׁ⁠לִּ֖⁠י לְ⁠פָנָ֑⁠י הָ⁠אֶ֤לֶף לְ⁠ךָ֙ שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה וּ⁠מָאתַ֖יִם לְ⁠נֹטְרִ֥ים אֶת־פִּרְיֽ⁠וֹ 1 Because the author does not say who is speaking, you should not indicate who is speaking in the text. If you are using section headers to indicate who is speaking, the speaker could be: (1) the woman in both 8:11 and 8:12. If you decide that the woman is speaking, you can include both verses under the section heading for 8:10 indicating that. (2) the man in both these verses. If you decide the man is speaking, you can put a section header at the top of 8:11 indicating that.
8:11 x2c3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names בְּ⁠בַ֣עַל הָמ֔וֹן 1 **Baal Hamon** is the name of a place. Because the meaning of the name has significance here, you could include a footnote in your translation indicating that the name **Baal Hamon** means “master of wealth, wealthy master, possessor of abundance.”
8:11 b1b3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown לַ⁠נֹּטְרִ֑ים 1 Here, **keepers** are farmers who rent land from an owner and farm it. The amount the **keepers** paid **Solomon** to farm his land was **a thousand pieces of silver**. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of farmer, you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “people who would pay him so that they could farm it” or “men who would pay him so that they could farm it”
8:11 mz3u נָתַ֥ן אֶת־הַ⁠כֶּ֖רֶם לַ⁠נֹּטְרִ֑ים 1 Alternate translation: “He rented the vineyard to keepers” or “He leased the vineyard to keepers” or “He agreed to let keepers pay him so they could grow grapes in the vineyard”
8:11 h77m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אִ֛ישׁ יָבִ֥א בְּ⁠פִרְי֖⁠וֹ אֶ֥לֶף כָּֽסֶף 1 Here, the phrase **its fruit** refers to the fruit of **the vineyard** and the phrase **Each person** refers to each of the **keepers**. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “Each keeper brought in exchange for the fruit of the vineyard a thousand pieces of silver” or “Each keeper brought Solomon a thousand pieces of silver as payment for the fruit of the vineyard”
8:11 h77m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אִ֛ישׁ יָבִ֥א בְּ⁠פִרְי֖⁠וֹ אֶ֥לֶף כָּֽסֶף 1 Here the phrase **its fruit** refers to the fruit of **the vineyard** and the phrase **Each person** refers to each of the **keepers**. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could include this information. Alternate translation: “Each keeper brought in exchange for the fruit of the vineyard a thousand pieces of silver” or “Each keeper brought Solomon a thousand pieces of silver as payment for the fruit of the vineyard”
8:11 t2dp rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney אֶ֥לֶף כָּֽסֶף 1 Alternate translation: “a thousand silver coins”
8:12 za66 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor כָּרְמִ֥⁠י 1 Here, the phrase **My vineyard** is a metaphor (see the section on [8:12](../08/12.md) in the chapter intro for the meaning of this entire verse). Here, the phrase **My vineyard** could be: (1) the woman referring to herself as a **vineyard**, as she did in [1:6](../01/06.md). Alternate translation: “I am like a vineyard” or “My body is like a vineyard” (2) the man referring to the woman he loves as if she were his **vineyard**. Alternate translation: “The woman who I love is like my vineyard” or “The woman who I love is like a vineyard”
8:12 gc75 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לְ⁠פָנָ֑⁠י 1 The phrase **is before me** means “is mine to give.” If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “is at my disposal” or “is mine to do with as I desire” or “is mine to give to whom I choose”
8:12 a9gc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit הָ⁠אֶ֤לֶף לְ⁠ךָ֙ שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה וּ⁠מָאתַ֖יִם לְ⁠נֹטְרִ֥ים אֶת־פִּרְיֽ⁠וֹ 1 Here, the word **thousand** refers to the “thousand pieces of silver” mentioned in the previous verse. The phrase **the two hundred** refers to the two hundred pieces of silver that **Solomon** would have paid to **the people who are keepers** of the vineyards **fruit**. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “The thousand pieces of silver belong to you, Solomon, and the two hundred pieces of silver belong to the people who you pay to be keepers of the vineyard’s fruit”
8:12 m0qa rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe הָ⁠אֶ֤לֶף לְ⁠ךָ֙ שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה 1 Here, the woman could be: (1) speaking as if **Solomon** is present with her even though he is not in order to use him as an example. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could translate these words in a way that does not make it seem like the woman is speaking directly to **Solomon** but rather indicates that she is speaking about **Solomon**. Alternate translation: “The thousand belong to Solomon” (2) calling the man she loves by the name **Solomon** (even though he was not Solomon) as term of endearment similar to how she called the man she loved “The king” in [1:4](../01/04.md). Alternate translation: “The thousand belong to you, the man I love, you who are like king Solomon” or “The thousand belong to you, the man I love, you who I call Solomon”
8:13 jpoa rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo הַ⁠יוֹשֶׁ֣בֶת בַּ⁠גַּנִּ֗ים חֲבֵרִ֛ים מַקְשִׁיבִ֥ים לְ⁠קוֹלֵ֖⁠ךְ הַשְׁמִיעִֽי⁠נִי 1 The author does not say who is speaking in this verse so you should not indicate who you think is speaking explicitly in the text of your translation. However, if you are using section headers to indicate who is speaking, as the UST does, you can place a header above this section indicating that the man is speaking.
8:13 em85 חֲבֵרִ֛ים 1 Here, the term **companions** is masculine in form in the original language and most likely refers to the man’s friends who were shepherds and were mentioned in [1:7](../01/07.md). See how you translated the term **companions** in [1:7](../01/07.md).
8:13 zm5h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לְ⁠קוֹלֵ֖⁠ךְ 1 Here, the word **voice** could: (1) represent the woman’s speech (the words she says). Alternate translation: “to hear you speak” (2) refer to the sound of the woman’s voice. Alternate translation: “to hear your voice”
8:14 arq1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo בְּרַ֣ח ׀ דּוֹדִ֗⁠י וּֽ⁠דְמֵה־לְ⁠ךָ֤ לִ⁠צְבִי֙ א֚וֹ לְ⁠עֹ֣פֶר הָֽ⁠אַיָּלִ֔ים עַ֖ל הָרֵ֥י בְשָׂמִֽים 1 The author does not say who is speaking in this verse so you should not indicate who you think is speaking explicitly in the text of your translation. However, if you are using section headers to indicate who is speaking, as the UST does, you can place a header above this section indicating that the woman is speaking.
8:14 c6a2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּרַ֣ח 1 Here, the word **Flee** means “come quickly.” If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “Come quickly” or “Hurry”
8:12 za66 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor כָּרְמִ֥⁠י 1 Here the phrase **My vineyard** is a metaphor (see the section on [8:12](../08/12.md) in the chapter intro for the meaning of this entire verse). It could be: (1) the woman referring to herself as a vineyard, as she did in [1:6](../01/06.md). Alternate translation: “I am like a vineyard” or “My body is like a vineyard” (2) the man referring to the woman he loves as if she were his vineyard. Alternate translation: “The woman who I love is like my vineyard” or “The woman who I love is like a vineyard”
8:12 gc75 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לְ⁠פָנָ֑⁠י 1 The phrase **is before me** means “is mine to give.” If it would be helpful to your readers, you could include this information. Alternate translation: “is at my disposal” or “is mine to do with as I desire” or “is mine to give to whom I choose”
8:12 a9gc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit הָ⁠אֶ֤לֶף לְ⁠ךָ֙ שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה וּ⁠מָאתַ֖יִם לְ⁠נֹטְרִ֥ים אֶת־פִּרְיֽ⁠וֹ 1 Here the word **thousand** refers to the “thousand pieces of silver” in the previous verse. The phrase **the two hundred** refers to the two hundred pieces of silver that Solomon would have paid to **the people who are keepers** of the vineyards fruit. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could include this information. Alternate translation: “The thousand pieces of silver belong to you, Solomon, and the two hundred pieces of silver belong to the people who you pay to be keepers of the vineyard’s fruit”
8:12 m0qa rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe הָ⁠אֶ֤לֶף לְ⁠ךָ֙ שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה 1 Here the woman could be: (1) speaking as if **Solomon** is present with her even though he is not, in order to use him as an example. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate these words as if the woman is speaking about Solomon and not to him. Alternate translation: “The thousand belong to Solomon” (2) calling the man she loves **Solomon** (even though he was not Solomon) as a term of endearment, similar to how she called the man she loved “The king” in [1:4](../01/04.md). Alternate translation: “The thousand belong to you, the man I love, you who are like king Solomon” or “The thousand belong to you, the man I love, you who I call Solomon”
8:13 jpoa rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo הַ⁠יוֹשֶׁ֣בֶת בַּ⁠גַּנִּ֗ים חֲבֵרִ֛ים מַקְשִׁיבִ֥ים לְ⁠קוֹלֵ֖⁠ךְ הַשְׁמִיעִֽי⁠נִי 1 The author does not say who is speaking in this verse so you should not indicate who you think is speaking in the text. However, if you are using section headers to indicate who is speaking, you can place a header above this section indicating that the man is speaking.
8:13 em85 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs/gendernotations חֲבֵרִ֛ים 1 Here the term **companions** is masculine in form in the original language and most likely refers to the man’s friends who were shepherds and were mentioned in [1:7](../01/07.md). See how you translated the term **companions** in [1:7](../01/07.md).
8:13 zm5h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לְ⁠קוֹלֵ֖⁠ךְ 1 Here the word **voice** could: (1) represent the woman’s words. Alternate translation: “to hear you speak” (2) refer to the sound of the woman’s voice. Alternate translation: “to hear your voice”
8:14 arq1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo בְּרַ֣ח ׀ דּוֹדִ֗⁠י וּֽ⁠דְמֵה־לְ⁠ךָ֤ לִ⁠צְבִי֙ א֚וֹ לְ⁠עֹ֣פֶר הָֽ⁠אַיָּלִ֔ים עַ֖ל הָרֵ֥י בְשָׂמִֽים 1 The author does not say who is speaking in this verse so you should not indicate who you think is speaking in the text. However, if you are using section headers to indicate who is speaking, you can place a header above this section indicating that the woman is speaking.
8:14 c6a2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּרַ֣ח 1 Here the word **Flee** means “come quickly.” If it would be helpful to your readers, you could include this information. Alternate translation: “Come quickly” or “Hurry”
8:14 zh44 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile דּוֹדִ֗⁠י וּֽ⁠דְמֵה־לְ⁠ךָ֤ לִ⁠צְבִי֙ א֚וֹ לְ⁠עֹ֣פֶר הָֽ⁠אַיָּלִ֔ים 1 See how you translated the similar expression “My beloved is resembling a gazelle or a young stag” in [2:9](../02/09.md).
8:14 mqx9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor עַ֖ל הָרֵ֥י בְשָׂמִֽים 1 The phrase **the mountains of spices** has a double meaning. The literal meaning refers to **mountains** where **spices** grow. The metaphorical meaning is that the woman herself is the **mountains** where **spices** grow and she wants the man she loves to come to her and enjoy her body. If it would help your readers, you could indicate the metaphorical meaning in a footnote.
8:14 mqx9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor עַ֖ל הָרֵ֥י בְשָׂמִֽים 1 The phrase **the mountains of spices** has a double meaning. The literal meaning refers to mountains where spices grow. Here the woman is speaking of herself as if she is the **mountains of spices** and she wants the man she loves to come to her and enjoy her body. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly.
8:14 fo1f rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown בְשָׂמִֽים 1

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