See in Reader
Merge branch 'master' into SethAdcock-tc-create-1
This commit is contained in:
SethAdcock
commit
fccd1c8cb3
40
tn_HAG.tsv
40
tn_HAG.tsv
File diff suppressed because one or more lines are too long
152
tn_JOB.tsv
152
tn_JOB.tsv
|
|
@ -780,7 +780,7 @@ front:intro u3jc 0 # Introduction to Job\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n
|
|||
10:21 f7d8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy אֶל־אֶ֖רֶץ חֹ֣שֶׁךְ וְצַלְמָֽוֶת 1 Job is using the terms **darkness** and **deep shadow** to mean by association the abode of the dead, which people in this culture believed to be a very dark place, since it was away from any sunlight. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “to the abode of the dead”
|
||||
10:22 xkq9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns וַתֹּ֥פַע כְּמוֹ־אֹֽפֶל 1 The pronoun **it** could refer to: (1) whatever faint light there might be in the abode of the dead. Alternate translation: “and where the light shines like gloom” or “and where the only light is very faint” (2) the **land** that Job has been describing, that is, the abode of the dead itself. In order to draw a contrast with the darkness in the abode of the dead, Job would be speaking as if a place that is well-lit **shines**. It may be helpful to begin a new sentence here. Alternate translation: “There is no light in that land”
|
||||
10:22 a8nx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks וַתֹּ֥פַע כְּמוֹ־אֹֽפֶל 1 If you decided to translate verses 2–22 as a second-level direct quotation, indicate the end of that quotation here at the end of this sentence with a closing second-level quotation mark or whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the end of a second-level quotation.
|
||||
11:intro m1vt 0 # Job 11 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nIn this chapter, Job’s friend Zophar responds to what Job said in chapters 9 and 10.\n\nThe ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem.\n\n## Translation issues in this chapter\n\n### Zophar answering Job with his own words\n\n- In [9:12](../09/12.md), Job asked about God, when suggesting that God might act cruelly, “Who will turn him back?” Zophar says in his response in [11:10](../11/10.md), answering Job in his own words to insist that God actually acts justly,”Who will turn him back?”\n\n- In [10:15](../10/15.md), Job says that he will not lift his head, he will continue to act ashamed, because God is punishing him even though he is innocent. Zophar says in response in [11:15](../11/15.md) that if Job repents and prays for forgiveness, he will be able to lift up his face without any shame.\n\n- In [10:22](../10/2.md), Job says that he will die and go to a place of complete darkness. Zophar says in response in [11:17](../11/17.md) that Job’s life may seem like darkness now but it will become bright and happy if he turns to God.\n\nTo help your readers appreciate how Zophar is answering Job with his own words, you may wish to translate Zophar’s expressions in these places in the same way that you translated Job’s similar expressions earlier. Notes will suggest ways to do this.## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Rhetorical questions\n\nIn many places in this chapter, Zophar uses the question form in order to challenge Job. Your language might not use the question form for that purpose. Notes will suggest other ways to translate these questions. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
11:intro m1vt 0 # Job 11 General Notes\n\n## Structure and Formatting\n\nIn this chapter, Job’s friend Zophar responds to what Job said in chapters 9 and 10.\n\nThe ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem.\n\n## Translation Issues in this Chapter\n\n### Zophar answering Job with his own words\n\n- In [9:12](../09/12.md), Job asked about God, when suggesting that God might act cruelly, “Who will turn him back?” Zophar says in his response in [11:10](../11/10.md), answering Job in his own words to insist that God actually acts justly, ”Who will turn him back?”\n\n- In [10:15](../10/15.md), Job says that he will not lift his head, he will continue to act ashamed, because God is punishing him even though he is innocent. Zophar says in response in [11:15](../11/15.md) that if Job repents and prays for forgiveness, he will be able to lift up his face without any shame.\n\n- In [10:22](../10/2.md), Job says that he will die and go to a place of complete darkness. Zophar says in response in [11:17](../11/17.md) that Job’s life may seem like darkness now, but it will become bright and happy if he turns to God.\n\nTo help your readers appreciate how Zophar is answering Job with his own words, you may wish to translate Zophar’s expressions in these places in the same way that you translated Job’s similar expressions earlier. Notes will suggest ways to do this.\n\n\n\n\n## Important Figures of Speech in this Chapter\n\n### Rhetorical questions\n\nIn many places in this chapter, Zophar uses the question form in order to challenge Job. Your language might not use the question form for that purpose. Notes will suggest other ways to translate these questions. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
11:2 ua2s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive הֲרֹ֣ב דְּ֭בָרִים לֹ֣א יֵעָנֶ֑ה וְאִם־אִ֖ישׁ שְׂפָתַ֣יִם יִצְדָּֽק 1 If your language does not use these passive forms, you could express the ideas in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Will no one answer the multitude of words? Or will anyone justify a man of lips?”
|
||||
11:2 cq18 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion הֲרֹ֣ב דְּ֭בָרִים לֹ֣א יֵעָנֶ֑ה וְאִם־אִ֖ישׁ שְׂפָתַ֣יִם יִצְדָּֽק 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate these questions as statements or as exclamations. Alternate translation: “The multitude of words must be answered! A man of lips will not be justified!”
|
||||
11:2 j348 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy הֲרֹ֣ב דְּ֭בָרִים לֹ֣א יֵעָנֶ֑ה 1 Zophar is using the term **words** by association to mean what Job has just said by using words. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “I must respond to the many things that you have just said”
|
||||
|
|
@ -800,10 +800,10 @@ front:intro u3jc 0 # Introduction to Job\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n
|
|||
11:6 j356 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כִּֽי־כִפְלַ֪יִם לְֽת֫וּשִׁיָּ֥ה 1 By **it**, Zophar implicitly means God’s wisdom, and by **understanding**, he means Job’s understanding. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “God’s wisdom is double to your understanding” or “God’s wisdom is twice as great as your understanding”
|
||||
11:6 j357 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom כִּֽי־כִפְלַ֪יִם לְֽת֫וּשִׁיָּ֥ה 1 By the expression **double**, Zophar actually means much greater. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “God’s wisdom is far greater than your understanding”
|
||||
11:6 qjk2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יַשֶּׁ֥ה לְךָ֥ אֱ֝ל֗וֹהַ מֵעֲוֺנֶֽךָ 1 Zophar is speaking as if God were literally **forgetting** some of Job’s **iniquity**. He means that God is overlooking some of the sins that Job has committed and so not punishing him for all of them. Zophar is not suggesting that there are limits to God’s knowledge or memory. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “God is overlooking some of your iniquity” or “God is not punishing you for all of your sins”
|
||||
11:7 tvp2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom הַחֵ֣קֶר אֱל֣וֹהַ תִּמְצָ֑א 1 Zophar is using the word **find** to mean “understand” and the word “searching” to mean contemplation. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Will you understand God through contemplation?”
|
||||
11:7 tvp2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom הַחֵ֣קֶר אֱל֣וֹהַ תִּמְצָ֑א 1 Zophar is using the word **find** to mean “understand” and the word “searching” to mean contemplation. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Will you understand God through contemplation”
|
||||
11:7 j358 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion הַחֵ֣קֶר אֱל֣וֹהַ תִּמְצָ֑א 1 Zophar is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. Alternate translation: “You will not find God by searching!” or “You cannot understand God through contemplation!”
|
||||
11:7 j359 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom אִ֤ם עַד־תַּכְלִ֖ית שַׁדַּ֣י תִּמְצָֽא 1 Zophar is using the word **if** to introduce a question that anticipates a negative answer. (And once again he is using the word **find** to mean “understand.”) If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate this in your translation. Alternate translation: “You will never understand Shaddai unto perfection, will you?”
|
||||
11:7 j360 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns אִ֤ם עַד־תַּכְלִ֖ית שַׁדַּ֣י תִּמְצָֽא 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **perfection**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “You will never understand Shaddai perfectly, will you?”
|
||||
11:7 j359 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom אִ֤ם עַד־תַּכְלִ֖ית שַׁדַּ֣י תִּמְצָֽא 1 Zophar is using the word **if** to introduce a question that anticipates a negative answer. (And once again he is using the word **find** to mean “understand.”) If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate this in your translation. Alternate translation: “You will never understand Shaddai unto perfection, will you”
|
||||
11:7 j360 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns אִ֤ם עַד־תַּכְלִ֖ית שַׁדַּ֣י תִּמְצָֽא 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **perfection**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “You will never understand Shaddai perfectly, will you”
|
||||
11:7 j361 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion אִ֤ם עַד־תַּכְלִ֖ית שַׁדַּ֣י תִּמְצָֽא 1 Zophar is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. Alternate translation: “You will never understand Shaddai perfectly!”
|
||||
11:8 n8yi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis גָּבְהֵ֣י שָׁ֭מַיִם מַה־תִּפְעָ֑ל עֲמֻקָּ֥ה מִ֝שְּׁא֗וֹל מַה־תֵּדָֽע 1 Zophar is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You can supply these words from the context if that would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “The height of God’s wisdom is the same as the height of the heavens! What will you do to understand it? The depth of God’s wisdom is deeper than Sheol! What will you know about it?”
|
||||
11:8 jhq3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism גָּבְהֵ֣י שָׁ֭מַיִם מַה־תִּפְעָ֑ל עֲמֻקָּ֥ה מִ֝שְּׁא֗וֹל מַה־תֵּדָֽע 1 Zophar is using the highest and lowest points of creation, **the heavens** and **Sheol**, to mean them and everything in between, that is, all of creation. This could mean: (1) that God’s wisdom is completely comprehensive, as if it were literally very high and very deep. Alternate translation: “God’s wisdom is completely comprehensive! What will you do? What will you know?” (2) that God’s wisdom comprehends everything in creation. Alternate translation: “God’s wisdom comprehends all of creation! What will you do? What will you know?”
|
||||
|
|
@ -811,26 +811,26 @@ front:intro u3jc 0 # Introduction to Job\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n
|
|||
11:9 z6cv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism אֲרֻכָּ֣ה מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִדָּ֑הּ וּ֝רְחָבָ֗ה מִנִּי־יָֽם 1 Zophar is using the two main components of creation below the heavens and above Sheol, the **earth** and the **sea**, to mean all of creation. This could mean: (1) that God’s wisdom is completely comprehensive, as if it were literally very long and very wide. Alternate translation: “Yes, God’s wisdom is completely comprehensive” (2) that God’s wisdom comprehends everything in creation. Alternate translation: “Yes, God’s wisdom comprehends all of creation”
|
||||
11:10 y4fx rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns יַחֲלֹ֥ף 1 The pronoun **he** refers to God. It may be helpful to clarify this for your readers. Alternate translation: “God comes”
|
||||
11:10 d1jn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְיַסְגִּ֑יר וְ֝יַקְהִ֗יל 1 Zophar is referring implicitly to God assembling a group to hear his accusations against someone and pass judgment on that person. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “and imprisons someone and calls an assembly to judge that person”
|
||||
11:10 f915 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion וּמִ֣י יְשִׁיבֶֽנּוּ 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. Alternate translation: “then no one can turn him back”
|
||||
11:10 f915 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion וּמִ֣י יְשִׁיבֶֽנּוּ 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. Alternate translation: “then no one can turn him back..”
|
||||
11:10 j362 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּמִ֣י יְשִׁיבֶֽנּוּ 1 See how you translated this phrase in [9:12](../09/12.md). Zophar is using Job’s own words against him, so it may be helpful to your readers to translate this phrase in the same way here. Alternate translation: “then who can stop him?” or “then no one can stop him!”
|
||||
11:10 j363 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וּמִ֣י יְשִׁיבֶֽנּוּ 1 In [9:12](../09/12.md) you may have included the implicit information that Job was saying that no one can stop God by telling him it would be wrong to do something. If so, here you may wish to indicate what Zophar is suggesting in response, that God knows right and wrong so much better than humans that God does not need to listen to humans about what he is doing. Alternate translation: “then who can stop him, since he knows so much better than humans and does not need to listen to them?” or “then no one can stop him, since he knows so much better than humans and does not need to listen to them!”
|
||||
11:11 j364 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns מְתֵי־שָׁ֑וְא 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **worthlessness**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “which people are worthless”
|
||||
11:11 gdx6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion וַיַּרְא־אָ֝֗וֶן וְלֹ֣א יִתְבּוֹנָֽן 1 Zophar is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. Alternate translation: “and he will surely notice iniquity when he sees it”
|
||||
11:11 gdx6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion וַיַּרְא־אָ֝֗וֶן וְלֹ֣א יִתְבּוֹנָֽן 1 Zophar is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. Alternate translation: “and he will surely notice iniquity when he sees it.”
|
||||
11:11 j366 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit יִתְבּוֹנָֽן 1 The term **notice** implicitly means that God will do more than just take note of **iniquity**. It indicates that God will punish people for committing **iniquity**. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “punish people for it”
|
||||
11:12 jlz1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony וְאִ֣ישׁ נָ֭בוּב יִלָּבֵ֑ב וְעַ֥יִר פֶּ֝֗רֶא אָדָ֥ם יִוָּלֵֽד 1 For emphasis, Zophar is saying the opposite what he means. The **colt of a wild donkey** will never be **born to a man**, and so, Zophar means, an **empty man** will never **get a heart**, that is, become wise. If a speaker of your language would not say the opposite of what he means for emphasis, in your translation you could indicate what Zophar actually means. Alternate translation: “But an empty man will never get a heart, any more than the colt of a wild donkey would ever be born to a man”
|
||||
11:12 jlz1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony וְאִ֣ישׁ נָ֭בוּב יִלָּבֵ֑ב וְעַ֥יִר פֶּ֝֗רֶא אָדָ֥ם יִוָּלֵֽד 1 For emphasis, Zophar is saying the opposite of what he means. The **colt of a wild donkey** will never be **born to a man**, and so, Zophar means, an **empty man** will never **get a heart**, that is, become wise. If a speaker of your language would not say the opposite of what he means for emphasis, in your translation you could indicate what Zophar actually means. Alternate translation: “But an empty man will never get a heart, any more than the colt of a wild donkey would ever be born to a man”
|
||||
11:12 j367 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְאִ֣ישׁ נָ֭בוּב 1 Zophar is speaking as if a **man** could literally be **empty** or hollow inside. He means that such a person lacks wisdom. Your language may have a similar expression that you can use in your translation. You could also use plain language. Alternate translation: “But an empty-headed man” or “But a man who lacks wisdom”
|
||||
11:12 e8e9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יִלָּבֵ֑ב 1 Here the **heart** represents a person’s thoughts, so that to **get a heart** means to become wise. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will become wise”
|
||||
11:12 j368 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְעַ֥יִר פֶּ֝֗רֶא אָדָ֥ם יִוָּלֵֽד 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and a man will be the father of a wild-donkey colt”
|
||||
11:13 j369 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns אִם־אַ֭תָּ֗ה הֲכִינ֣וֹתָ לִבֶּ֑ךָ 1 For emphasis, Zophar is stating the pronoun **you**, whose meaning is already present in the verb **prepare**. Zophar is drawing a contrast between what he is suggesting here that Job might do and what the “empty man” he described in the previous verse would not be able to do. If your language can state implied pronouns explicitly for emphasis, you may want to use that construction here in your translation. Other languages may have other ways of bringing out this emphasis. Alternate translation: “But as for you, if you prepare”
|
||||
11:13 j369 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns אִם־אַ֭תָּ֗ה הֲכִינ֣וֹתָ לִבֶּ֑ךָ 1 For emphasis, Zophar is stating the pronoun **you**, whose meaning is already present in the verb **prepare**. Zophar is drawing a contrast between what he is suggesting here that Job might do and what the “empty man” he described in the previous verse would not be able to do. If your language can state implied pronouns explicitly for emphasis, you may want to use that construction here in your translation. Other languages may have other ways of bringing out this emphasis. Alternate translation: “But as for you, if you prepare your heart”
|
||||
11:13 k56l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אִם־אַ֭תָּ֗ה הֲכִינ֣וֹתָ לִבֶּ֑ךָ 1 In this instance, the **heart** represents a person’s will. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “If you resolve to trust God”
|
||||
11:13 mm3c rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וּפָרַשְׂתָּ֖ אֵלָ֣יו כַּפֶּֽךָ 1 Zophar is suggesting that Job might **stretch out** his **hands** to God as symbolic action in order to assume a posture of prayer. You may be able to describe your own culture’s posture of prayer in your translation. You could also use plain language. Alternate translation: “and bow your head to him” or “and pray to him”
|
||||
11:14 t8z8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אִם־אָ֣וֶן בְּ֭יָדְךָ הַרְחִיקֵ֑הוּ 1 Zophar is speaking as if **iniquity** were literally an object that Job could be holding in his **hand** and that Job could **put … far away**. Zophar means that Job might be committing iniquity and that if he has, he should stop. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “if you have been committing iniquity, stop doing that”
|
||||
11:14 t8z8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אִם־אָ֣וֶן בְּ֭יָדְךָ הַרְחִיקֵ֑הוּ 1 Zophar is speaking as if **iniquity** were literally an object that Job could be holding in his **hand** and that Job could **put it far away**. Zophar means that Job might be committing iniquity and that if he has, he should stop. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “if you have been committing iniquity, stop doing that”
|
||||
11:14 u5ya rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification וְאַל־תַּשְׁכֵּ֖ן בְּאֹהָלֶ֣יךָ עַוְלָֽה 1 Zophar is speaking of **unrighteousness** as if it were a living thing that could **dwell** in the same **tents** in which Job and his household are living. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. The word **tents** could be: (1) an image for Job’s whole life. Alternate translation: “yes, be sure that you are not practicing any unrighteousness” (2) a reference to Job’s household. Alternate translation: “and be sure that no one in your household is practicing any unrighteousness”
|
||||
11:14 j370 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns וְאַל־תַּשְׁכֵּ֖ן בְּאֹהָלֶ֣יךָ עַוְלָֽה 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **unrighteousness**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “yes, be sure that you are not doing anything that is not righteous”
|
||||
11:15 db84 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction תִּשָּׂ֣א פָנֶ֣יךָ מִמּ֑וּם 1 Zophar is suggesting that Job would be able to **lift** his **face** without being concerned that any **blemish** would show as symbolic action to indicate that he was not ashamed of anything. Job said in [10:15](../10/15.md) that he could not do this, and so Zophar is answering Job with his own words. To help your readers appreciate what Zophar is doing, you could translate this expression similarly to the way you translated the comparable expression in [10:15](../10/15.md). Alternate translation: “you will no longer need to look down in shame”
|
||||
11:15 j371 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מִמּ֑וּם 1 Zophar is speaking as if Job might literally have a **blemish** on his face and that it would go away if Job prayed to God. The blemish actually represents a cause for shame. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “without feeling any shame”
|
||||
11:15 j372 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְהָיִ֥יתָ מֻ֝צָ֗ק 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who will do the action, the context suggests that it will be God. Alternate translation: “and God will establish you”
|
||||
11:15 j373 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְלֹ֣א תִירָֽא 1 Zophar seems to mean implicitly that Job will not have to **fear** any further punishment from God. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and you will not be afraid that God will punish you any more”
|
||||
11:15 j373 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְלֹ֣א תִירָֽא 1 Zophar seems to mean implicitly that Job will not have to **fear** any further punishment from God. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and you will not be afraid that God will punish you anymore”
|
||||
11:16 x6vt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile כְּמַ֖יִם עָבְר֣וּ תִזְכֹּֽר 1 The point of this comparison is that just as **waters pass by** (flowing down a river, for example) and are gone, so Job’s **trouble** will be gone and he will not **remember** it at all. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this point explicitly. Alternate translation: “you will not remember it at all, just as the water in a river flows by and is never seen again”
|
||||
11:17 j374 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וּֽ֭מִצָּהֳרַיִם יָק֣וּם חָ֑לֶד 1 Zophar is using the term **noon** by association to mean the sun at noon, that is, the sun when it is highest and brightest in the sky. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And life will arise higher than the noonday sun”
|
||||
11:17 dkt7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּֽ֭מִצָּהֳרַיִם יָק֣וּם חָ֑לֶד 1 Zophar is speaking of Job’s **life** as if it were literally an object like the sun that could **arise** into the sky. By saying that Job’s life will rise into the sky even higher than the sun at noon, he means that it will be very bright. The brightness, in turn, represents happy thriving. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And your life will become very happy again, as if it were brighter than the noonday sun”
|
||||
|
|
@ -841,28 +841,28 @@ front:intro u3jc 0 # Introduction to Job\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n
|
|||
11:19 fm2w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְֽ֭רָבַצְתָּ 1 Zophar once again means implicitly that Job would **recline** to sleep at night. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “Yes, you will lie down to sleep for the night”
|
||||
11:19 j375 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְחִלּ֖וּ פָנֶ֣יךָ רַבִּֽים 1 Zophar is speaking as if **many** people would literally **stroke** Job’s **face**, as someone would do who was trying to make someone else favorable to him. Zophar means that Job would become influential again and people would seek his favor. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “many people will seek your favor”
|
||||
11:20 s359 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְעֵינֵ֥י רְשָׁעִ֗ים תִּ֫כְלֶ֥ינָה 1 Zophar is referring to death by association with the way people’s eyes **fail** when they are about to die (either in the sense of becoming visibly dim or in the sense of no longer seeing well). If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “But the wicked will die”
|
||||
11:20 j376 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification וּ֭מָנוֹס אָבַ֣ד מִנְהֶ֑ם 1 Zophar is speaking of **escape** as if it were a living thing that cold **perish**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “yes, they will not be able to escape dying”
|
||||
11:20 j377 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism וְ֝תִקְוָתָ֗ם מַֽפַּח־נָֽפֶשׁ 1 Zophar is using the phrase **expiration of breath**, which means “breathing out,” to mean “die.” This is a mild way of referring to death. Your language may have a similar expression that you can use in your translation. You could also use plain language. Alternate translation: “they will have no hope other than to pass away” or “they will have no hope other than to die”
|
||||
12:intro u4jn 0 # Job 12 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter is the start of Job’s response to Zophar’s first speech. (Job’s response to him continues in chapters 13 and 14.)\n- Verses 1–6: Job speaks to all three of his friends and protests that they have not been telling him anything that he does not already know\n- Verses 7–12: Job speaks specifically to Zophar and insists that what Zophar has just said in his speech is common knowledge in the world and something that he knows himself.\n- Verses 13–25: Job describes how God is so powerful that no one can resist what he does.\n\nThe ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem.\n\n## Translation issues in this chapter\n\n### Plural and singular “you”\n\nThe pronoun “you” is plural in verses 1–3 because Job is addressing all three of his friends. The pronoun “you” is singular in verses 7–8 because Job is addressing Zophar. Use the plural and singular forms in these places if your language marks that distinction.\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Litany\n\nIn verses 13–24, Job makes a series of statements about how powerful God is. These specific statements illustrate the general statement that Job makes in verse 4 that God is “wise in heart and mighty in strength.” A series of statements such as this is known as a litany. If your readers would recognize what Job is doing, you can translate and format this litany the way the ULT does. If the litany form would not be familiar to your readers, you could format the general statement in a way that will show that it is a summary statement that shows the overall meaning of what Job is saying. You could then put each sentence of the litany on a separate line. The format might look something like this:\n> With him {are} wisdom and might; to him {are} counsel and understanding.\n> Behold, he breaks down, and it is not rebuilt; he closes upon a man, and it is not opened.\n> Behold, he withholds the waters and they dry up, and he sends them out and they overthrow the land.\n> With him {are} strength and prudence; to him {are} the one straying and the one causing to stray;\n> the one leading counselors away naked, and he makes judges foolish.\n> He removes the bond of kings and he wraps a cloth around their loins;\n> the one leading priests away naked, and the incumbent ones he overthrows,\n> the one removing the lip {that is} to the ones being trusted, and he takes away the discernment of the elders,\n> the one pouring contempt on princes, and the belt of the mighty ones he loosens,\n> the one revealing deep things out of darkness, and he brings dark shadow into the light,\n> the one magnifying nations, and he destroys them; the one enlarging nations, and he exiles them,\n> the one removing a heart from the leaders of the people of the earth; he causes them to wander in a wasteland {with} no path.\n> They grope in darkness and not in light; he makes them wander like a drunkard.
|
||||
12:2 dpz4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony אָ֭מְנָם כִּ֣י אַתֶּם־עָ֑ם וְ֝עִמָּכֶ֗ם תָּמ֥וּת חָכְמָֽה 1 For emphasis, Job is saying the opposite what he means. If a speaker of your language would not do this, in your translation you could indicate what Job actually means. Alternate translation: “You are speaking as if you are the people and as if wisdom will die with you, but that is not true”
|
||||
11:20 j376 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification וּ֭מָנוֹס אָבַ֣ד מִנְהֶ֑ם 1 Zophar is speaking of **escape** as if it were a living thing that could **perish**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “yes, they will not be able to escape dying”
|
||||
11:20 j377 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism וְ֝תִקְוָתָ֗ם מַֽפַּח־נָֽפֶשׁ 1 Zophar is using the phrase **expiration of breath**, which means “to breath out,” to mean “to die.” This is a mild way of referring to death. Your language may have a similar expression that you can use in your translation. You could also use plain language. Alternate translation: “they will have no hope other than to pass away” or “they will have no hope other than to die”
|
||||
12:intro u4jn 0 # Job 12 General Notes\n\n## Structure and Formatting\n\nThis chapter is the start of Job’s response to Zophar’s first speech. (Job’s response to him continues in chapters 13 and 14.)\n- Verses 1–6: Job speaks to all three of his friends and protests that they have not been telling him anything that he does not already know\n- Verses 7–12: Job speaks specifically to Zophar and insists that what Zophar has just said in his speech is common knowledge in the world and something that he himself knows.\n- Verses 13–25: Job describes how God is so powerful that no one can resist what he does.\n\nThe ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem.\n\n## Translation Issues in this Chapter\n\n### Plural and singular “you”\n\nThe pronoun “you” is plural in verses 1–3 because Job is addressing all three of his friends. The pronoun “you” is singular in verses 7–8 because Job is addressing Zophar. Use the plural and singular forms in these places if your language marks that distinction.\n\n## Important Figures of Speech in this Chapter\n\n### Litany\n\nIn verses 13–24, Job makes a series of statements about how powerful God is. These specific statements illustrate the general statement that Job makes in verse 4 that God is “wise in heart and mighty in strength.” A series of statements such as this is known as a litany. If your readers would recognize what Job is doing, you can translate and format this litany the way the ULT does. If the litany form would not be familiar to your readers, you could format the general statement in a way that will show that it is a summary statement that shows the overall meaning of what Job is saying. You could then put each sentence of the litany on a separate line. The format might look something like this:\n> With him {are} wisdom and might; to him {are} counsel and understanding.\n> Behold, he breaks down, and it is not rebuilt; he closes upon a man, and it is not opened.\n> Behold, he withholds the waters and they dry up, and he sends them out and they overthrow the land.\n> With him {are} strength and prudence; to him {are} the one straying and the one causing to stray;\n> the one leading counselors away naked, and he makes judges foolish.\n> He removes the bond of kings and he wraps a cloth around their loins;\n> the one leading priests away naked, and the incumbent ones he overthrows,\n> the one removing the lip {that is} to the ones being trusted, and he takes away the discernment of the elders,\n> the one pouring contempt on princes, and the belt of the mighty ones he loosens,\n> the one revealing deep things out of darkness, and he brings dark shadow into the light,\n> the one magnifying nations, and he destroys them; the one enlarging nations, and he exiles them,\n> the one removing a heart from the leaders of the people of the earth; he causes them to wander in a wasteland {with} no path.\n> They grope in darkness and not in light; he makes them wander like a drunkard.
|
||||
12:2 dpz4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony אָ֭מְנָם כִּ֣י אַתֶּם־עָ֑ם וְ֝עִמָּכֶ֗ם תָּמ֥וּת חָכְמָֽה 1 For emphasis, Job is saying the opposite of what he means. If a speaker of your language would not do this, in your translation you could indicate what Job actually means. Alternate translation: “You are speaking as if you were the people and as if wisdom would with you, but that is not true”
|
||||
12:2 dk3z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular אַתֶּם־עָ֑ם 1 As the General Notes to this chapter discuss, the word **you** is plural here and in the next two verses because Job is referring to his three friends. So use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction. Other languages may have other ways to indicate the plural reference. Alternate translation: “the three of you are the people”
|
||||
12:2 xl1k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom אַתֶּם־עָ֑ם 1 Job could be saying (while meaning the opposite): (1) that his three friends are so wise that their opinion is the one that really matters. Alternate translation: “you are the people whose opinion matters” (2) that in their counsel, his three friends are embodying the collective wisdom of their people. Alternate translation: “you have expressed the wisdom of our whole people”
|
||||
12:2 j378 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification וְ֝עִמָּכֶ֗ם תָּמ֥וּת חָכְמָֽה 1 Job is speaking of **wisdom** as if it were a living thing that could **die**. He is saying (while meaning the opposite) that his friends are the only people who are truly wise and so there will be no wisdom left on earth once they die. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “indeed, you are the only wise people on earth”
|
||||
12:2 j378 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification וְ֝עִמָּכֶ֗ם תָּמ֥וּת חָכְמָֽה 1 Job is speaking of **wisdom** as if it were a living thing that could **die**. He is saying (while meaning the opposite) that his friends are the only people who are truly wise and so there will be no wisdom left on earth once they die. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and indeed, you are the only wise people on earth”
|
||||
12:3 j379 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor גַּם־לִ֤י לֵבָ֨ב ׀ כְּֽמוֹכֶ֗ם 1 Here, the **heart** figuratively represents the thoughts, and in this context, specifically wise thoughts. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “I have wisdom just as you do”
|
||||
12:3 j380 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom לֹא־נֹפֵ֣ל אָנֹכִ֣י מִכֶּ֑ם 1 Job is using this expression to mean that he is not inferior to his friends. Your language may have a similar expression that you can use in your translation. You could also state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “I do not fall short of you” or “I am not inferior to you”
|
||||
12:3 kd9k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion וְאֶת־מִי־אֵ֥ין כְּמוֹ־אֵֽלֶּה 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. Alternate translation: “Indeed, such things as these are with everyone”
|
||||
12:3 kd9k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion וְאֶת־מִי־אֵ֥ין כְּמוֹ־אֵֽלֶּה 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. Alternate translation: “Indeed, such things as these are with everyone.”
|
||||
12:3 j381 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְאֶת־מִי־אֵ֥ין כְּמוֹ־אֵֽלֶּה 1 Job is using this expression to mean that everyone knows the things that his friends have been saying. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And everyone knows such things as these” or “And everyone knows the things that you have been saying”
|
||||
12:4 qdq1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person שְׂחֹ֤ק לְרֵעֵ֨הוּ ׀ אֶֽהְיֶ֗ה קֹרֵ֣א לֶ֭אֱלוֹהַּ וַֽיַּעֲנֵ֑הוּ 1 Job is actually using the pronouns **him** and **his** to refer to himself. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this using first-person pronouns. Alternate translation: “Even though God used to answer me when I called on him, now I have become laughter to my neighbor”
|
||||
12:4 f67d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy שְׂחֹ֤ק 1 Job is using the term **laughter** by association to mean an object of laughter, that is, of derision. Your language may have an expression that you can use in your translation to convey this meaning. Alternate translation: “a laughingstock”
|
||||
12:4 j382 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis שְׂ֝ח֗וֹק צַדִּ֥יק תָּמִֽים 1 Job is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You can supply these words from the context if that would be clearer in your language. It may be helpful to begin a new sentence here. Alternate translation: “I, a just and blameless man, have become a laughingstock!”
|
||||
12:5 cg28 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj בּ֭וּז 1 Job is using the adjective **secure** as a noun to mean a certain kind of person. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you can translate this word with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “people who are secure”
|
||||
12:5 z8za rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor נָ֝כ֗וֹן לְמ֣וֹעֲדֵי רָֽגֶל 1 Job is speaking of certain people as if their **feet** were literally **slipping** and they were about to fall down. Job is likely describing people who are struggling with difficulties, and he is saying that people who are **secure** believe that they are struggling because God is punishing them for their sins. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. It may be helpful to begin a new sentence here. Alternate translation: “They believe that when people struggle in life, that is because God is punishing them for their sins”
|
||||
12:5 z8za rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor נָ֝כ֗וֹן לְמ֣וֹעֲדֵי רָֽגֶל 1 Job is speaking of certain people as if their **foot** was literally **slipping** and they were about to fall down. Job is likely describing people who are struggling with difficulties, and he is saying that people who are **secure** believe that they are struggling because God is punishing them for their sins. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. It may be helpful to begin a new sentence here. Alternate translation: “They believe that when people struggle in life, that is because God is punishing them for their sins”
|
||||
12:5 j6ph rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis נָ֝כ֗וֹן 1 Job is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You can supply these words from the context if that would be clearer in your language. It may be helpful to begin a new sentence here. Alternate translation: “They think that it is prepared”
|
||||
12:5 j383 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive נָ֝כ֗וֹן 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “They think that God has prepared it”
|
||||
12:5 j383 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive נָ֝כ֗וֹן 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. It may be helpful to begin a new sentence here. Alternate translation: “They think that God has prepared it”
|
||||
12:6 j384 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification יִשְׁלָ֤יוּ אֹֽהָלִ֨ים ׀ לְשֹׁ֥דְדִ֗ים 1 Job is speaking of the **tents** of these **robbers** as if they were living things that could **prosper**. By referring to one valuable possession of the robbers, Job means that the robbers themselves prosper. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Robbers live in prosperity”
|
||||
12:6 j385 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-plural וּֽ֭בַטֻּחוֹת 1 Job is using the plural form **securities** to indicate that these **provokers of God** experience security to a supreme extent. Your language may use plural forms in the same way. If not, you could express the meaning in another way. Alternate translation: “and complete security is”
|
||||
12:6 j8fd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לַאֲשֶׁ֤ר הֵבִ֖יא אֱל֣וֹהַּ בְּיָדֽוֹ 1 Here, **hand** represents the power and control that a person has over something. Your language may have a similar expression that you can use in your translation. You could also use plain language. Alternate translation: “to the person who thinks that he has God in his pocket” or “to the person who thinks he has more control over his life than God does”
|
||||
12:7-8 c1y7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridge 0 In [11:9](../11/09.md), Zophar used the two main components of creation, the earth and the sea, to mean all of creation. Here in [12:7–8](../07/08.md), Job is responding to Zophar by using the inhabitants of three components of creation (the **beasts** of the land, the **birds of the heavens**, and the **fish of the sea**) and the **earth** itself similarly to mean all of creation, more emphatically. To show this contrast, you could create a verse bridge for verses 7–8. It might say something like this: “You can go anywhere in creation and ask a creature—even ask the earth itself—about God’s ways, and that creature will be able to explain them to you”
|
||||
12:6 j8fd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לַאֲשֶׁ֤ר הֵבִ֖יא אֱל֣וֹהַּ בְּיָדֽוֹ 1 Here, **hand** represents the power and control that a person has over something. Your language may have a similar expression that you could use in your translation. You could also use plain language. Alternate translation: “to the person who thinks that he has God in his pocket” or “to the person who thinks he has more control over his life than God does”
|
||||
12:7-8 c1y7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridge 0 In [11:9](../11/09.md), Zophar used the two main components of creation, the earth and the sea, to mean all of creation. Here in [12:7–8](../07/08.md), responding to Zophar. Job is using the inhabitants of three components of creation (the beasts of the land, the birds of the heavens, and the fish of the sea), along with the earth itself, to mean all of creation. Job's language is more extensive, and so it is more emphatic. To show this, you could create a verse bridge for verses 7–8. It might say something like this: “You can go anywhere in creation and ask a creature—even ask the earth itself—about God’s ways, and that creature will be able to explain them to you”
|
||||
12:7 de2x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative וְֽאוּלָ֗ם שְׁאַל־נָ֣א בְהֵמ֣וֹת וְתֹרֶ֑ךָּ וְע֥וֹף הַ֝שָּׁמַ֗יִם וְיַגֶּד־לָֽךְ 1 Job is using an imperative sentence to tell the condition under which something would happen. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could translate this as a conditional sentence. Alternate translation: “But now if you asked the beasts, then she would teach you, and if you asked the birds of the heavens, then he would declare to you”
|
||||
12:7 j496 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification וְֽאוּלָ֗ם שְׁאַל־נָ֣א בְהֵמ֣וֹת וְתֹרֶ֑ךָּ וְע֥וֹף הַ֝שָּׁמַ֗יִם וְיַגֶּד־לָֽךְ 1 Job is speaking as if Zophar could literally have a conversation with **beasts** and **birds**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “If you actually could ask the beasts, she would teach you, and if you actually could ask the birds of the heavens, he would declare to you”
|
||||
12:7 t82w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular וְֽאוּלָ֗ם שְׁאַל־נָ֣א 1 The pronoun **you** and the implied “you” in the imperative verb (**ask**) are singular here and in the next verse because Job is speaking directly to one of his friends. So use the singular form in your translation if your language marks that distinction. Job is probably addressing Zophar, since he said in [11:8–9](../11/08.md) that Job could search through all of creation and still not comprehend the wisdom of God. Job is saying in response that God’s ways are common knowledge to animals and birds. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that in your translation. Alternate translation: “But now, Zophar, ask”
|
||||
|
|
@ -875,16 +875,16 @@ front:intro u3jc 0 # Introduction to Job\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n
|
|||
12:8 bjf6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וִֽיסַפְּר֥וּ לְ֝ךָ֗ דְּגֵ֣י הַיָּֽם 1 Job is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You can supply these words from the context if that would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “or ask the fish of the sea, and they will recount to you”
|
||||
12:9 hu2y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion מִ֭י לֹא־יָדַ֣ע בְּכָל־אֵ֑לֶּה כִּ֥י יַד־יְ֝הוָה עָ֣שְׂתָה זֹּֽאת\n\n 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. Alternate translation: “All of these know that the hand of Yahweh has done this!”
|
||||
12:9 j389 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification מִ֭י לֹא־יָדַ֣ע בְּכָל־אֵ֑לֶּה 1 Job is speaking of the creatures he described in the previous two verses as if they could **know** what Yahweh has done. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Which of all these creatures could not tell you, if you could actually have a conversation with them,”
|
||||
12:9 tht3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy יַד־יְ֝הוָה עָ֣שְׂתָה זֹּֽאת 1 Here, **hand** represents the power and control that someone has over something. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “that Yahweh has done this by his own power”
|
||||
12:9 tht3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy יַד־יְ֝הוָה עָ֣שְׂתָה זֹּֽאת 1 Here, **hand** represents the power and control that someone has over something. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Yahweh has done this by his own power”
|
||||
12:9 j390 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit עָ֣שְׂתָה זֹּֽאת 1 In context, the word **this** likely refers to the misfortune that Job is suffering. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “has caused my misfortune”
|
||||
12:10 tx1w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּ֭יָדוֹ 1 Here, **hand** represents the power and control that someone has over something. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “who has power over”
|
||||
12:10 j391 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases וְ֝ר֗וּחַ כָּל־בְּשַׂר־אִֽישׁ 1 In this instance, Job is using the word **and** to emphasize something that is included in the previous phrase, not to introduce something additional. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate this in your translation. Alternate translation, preceded by a comma: “including the breath of all flesh of man”
|
||||
12:10 s1sr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְ֝ר֗וּחַ כָּל־בְּשַׂר־אִֽישׁ 1 Job is using the term **breath** by association to mean “life.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and the life of all flesh of man”
|
||||
12:10 j392 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche וְ֝ר֗וּחַ כָּל־בְּשַׂר־אִֽישׁ 1 Job is using one part of **man**, his **flesh**, to mean all of him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and the life of every man”
|
||||
12:10 j393 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations וְ֝ר֗וּחַ כָּל־בְּשַׂר־אִֽישׁ 1 Although the term **man** is masculine, Job is using the word in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could use a term in your language that is clearly inclusive of both men and women. Alternate translation: “and the life of every woman and man” or “and the life of every person”
|
||||
12:11 j394 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases הֲלֹא־אֹ֭זֶן מִלִּ֣ין תִּבְחָ֑ן וְ֝חֵ֗ךְ אֹ֣כֶל יִטְעַם־לֽוֹ 1 In this instance, Job is using the word **and** to say that the phrase it introduces is just as true as the previous phrase. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate this in your translation. Alternate translation: “Does not the ear test words, just as the palate tastes its food?”
|
||||
12:11 d5vn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion הֲלֹא־אֹ֭זֶן מִלִּ֣ין תִּבְחָ֑ן וְ֝חֵ֗ךְ אֹ֣כֶל יִטְעַם־לֽוֹ 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. Alternate translation: “Certainly the ear tests words, just as the palate tastes its food!”
|
||||
12:11 j395 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification הֲלֹא־אֹ֭זֶן מִלִּ֣ין תִּבְחָ֑ן 1 Job is speaking of the **ear** as if it could **test words** by itself. He is using the ear to represent hearing and he means that people themselves test or consider the words of others when they hear them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Do people not consider others’ words when they hear them” or “People consider others’ words when they hear them”
|
||||
12:11 j394 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases הֲלֹא־אֹ֭זֶן מִלִּ֣ין תִּבְחָ֑ן וְ֝חֵ֗ךְ אֹ֣כֶל יִטְעַם־לֽוֹ 1 In this instance, Job is using the word **and** to say that the phrase it introduces is just as true as the previous phrase. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate this in your translation. Alternate translation: “Does not the ear test words just as the palate tastes its food?”
|
||||
12:11 d5vn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion הֲלֹא־אֹ֭זֶן מִלִּ֣ין תִּבְחָ֑ן וְ֝חֵ֗ךְ אֹ֣כֶל יִטְעַם־לֽוֹ 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. Alternate translation: “Certainly the ear tests words just as the palate tastes its food!”
|
||||
12:11 j395 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification הֲלֹא־אֹ֭זֶן מִלִּ֣ין תִּבְחָ֑ן 1 Job is speaking of the **ear** as if it could **test words** by itself. He is using the ear to represent hearing, and he means that people themselves test or consider the words of others when they hear them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Do people not consider others’ words when they hear them”
|
||||
12:11 j396 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy הֲלֹא־אֹ֭זֶן מִלִּ֣ין תִּבְחָ֑ן 1 Job is using the term **words** to mean what people say by using words. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “what people say”
|
||||
12:11 j397 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit הֲלֹא־אֹ֭זֶן מִלִּ֣ין תִּבְחָ֑ן 1 Though Job is making a general statement, he is referring implicitly to what his friends have said to him and what he has decided about it. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “I have heard what you have said and I have considered it and decided that it is not true”
|
||||
12:11 j398 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification וְ֝חֵ֗ךְ אֹ֣כֶל יִטְעַם־לֽוֹ 1 Job is speaking of the **palate** or mouth as if it could **taste** by itself. He means that with their mouths, people discern the taste of the food that they eat. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “just as people discern with their mouths the taste of their food”
|
||||
|
|
@ -908,26 +908,26 @@ front:intro u3jc 0 # Introduction to Job\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n
|
|||
12:17 ux12 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns מוֹלִ֣יךְ יוֹעֲצִ֣ים שׁוֹלָ֑ל 1 The pronoun **one** refers to God. It may be helpful to clarify this for your readers, and it may be helpful to begin a new sentence here. Alternate translation: “God leads counselors away naked”
|
||||
12:17 lk8b rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction מוֹלִ֣יךְ יוֹעֲצִ֣ים שׁוֹלָ֑ל 1 To lead someone away **naked**, as victorious armies did to prisoners of war at this time, was a symbolic action that demonstrated that the conqueror had deprived the captive of his former status in his culture. In the case of a royal **counselor**, his power and authority were previously represented by his robe of office. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could explain the significance of this action. Alternate translation: “God takes away from counselors the robes that represent the authority and power of their office”
|
||||
12:17 j406 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מוֹלִ֣יךְ יוֹעֲצִ֣ים שׁוֹלָ֑ל 1 Job is speaking as if God literally leads **counselors** away **naked**. He means that God’s wisdom is so great that it discredits the wisdom of even the wisest humans, as if to put them out of office. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “God’s wisdom is so great that it discredits the wisdom of even the wisest humans”
|
||||
12:17 uu39 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְֽשֹׁפְטִ֥ים יְהוֹלֵֽל 1 The implication is probably that God makes **judges** seem **foolish** by being so much wiser than they are, not that God affects the minds of judges so that they can no longer think intelligently. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “and God makes judges seem foolish by being so much wiser than they are”
|
||||
12:17 uu39 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְֽשֹׁפְטִ֥ים יְהוֹלֵֽל 1 The implication is probably that God makes **judges** seem **foolish** by being so much wiser than they are, and not that God affects the minds of judges so that they can no longer think intelligently. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “and God makes judges seem foolish by being so much wiser than they are”
|
||||
12:18 j407 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מוּסַ֣ר מְלָכִ֣ים פִּתֵּ֑חַ 1 This could mean implicitly: (1) that **kings** might put a **bond** (that is, shackles) on someone to make him a prisoner, but God can set that person free. Alternate translation: “A king may imprison someone, but God can set that person free” (2) that kings may be wearing some symbol of royal authority as a **bond** (that is, as something bound around their bodies), such as a sash or chain, but God takes away their authority and removes this symbol of it. This meaning would be similar to what Job said in the previous verse about God removing counselors’ robes of authority. Alternate translation: “God strips kings of their royal sashes” or “God removes the chains of royal authority that kings are wearing”
|
||||
12:18 w5lc rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction מוּסַ֣ר מְלָכִ֣ים פִּתֵּ֑חַ 1 Whether this refers to God removing shackles from people whom kings have imprisoned or God removing symbols of royal authority that kinds are wearing, it is a symbolic action that demonstrates that God is taking away kings’ authority. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could explain the significance of this action. Alternate translation: “He takes away kings’ authority”
|
||||
12:18 w5lc rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction מוּסַ֣ר מְלָכִ֣ים פִּתֵּ֑חַ 1 Whether this refers to God removing shackles from people whom kings have imprisoned or God removing symbols of royal authority that kings are wearing, it is a symbolic action that demonstrates that God is taking away kings’ authority. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could explain the significance of this action. Alternate translation: “He takes away kings’ authority”
|
||||
12:18 p4c4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וַיֶּאְסֹ֥ר אֵ֝ז֗וֹר בְּמָתְנֵיהֶֽם 1 To wrap a **cloth** around someone’s **loins** is to make them dress as a slave would. This is a symbolic action that shows that the person has become a slave. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could explain the significance of this action. Alternate translation: “and he turns them into slaves”
|
||||
12:19 mkn4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction מוֹלִ֣יךְ כֹּהֲנִ֣ים שׁוֹלָ֑ל 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [12:17](../12/17.md).. Alternate translation: “God takes away from priests the robes that represent the authority and power of their office”
|
||||
12:19 ch3f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj וְאֵֽתָנִ֣ים 1 Job is using the adjective **incumbent** as a noun to mean a certain kind of person. The term is plural; the ULT shows this by adding the word **one**. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you can translate this adjective with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “and people who are long established in their positions”
|
||||
12:19 ch3f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj וְאֵֽתָנִ֣ים 1 Job is using the adjective **incumbent** as a noun to mean a certain kind of person. The term is plural; the ULT shows this by adding the word **ones**. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you can translate this adjective with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “and people who are long established in their positions”
|
||||
12:20 g3na rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy מֵסִ֣יר שָׂ֭פָה לְנֶאֱמָנִ֑ים 1 Job is using the term **lip** by association to mean speech. He is using speech, in turn, to mean what these **trusted** people say, that is, the advice that they give. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. It may be helpful to begin a new sentence here. Alternate translation: “God discredits the advice of the ones being trusted”
|
||||
12:20 dk1e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive מֵסִ֣יר שָׂ֭פָה לְנֶאֱמָנִ֑ים 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “God discredits the advice of the people in whom kings trust”
|
||||
12:21 l74e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor שׁוֹפֵ֣ךְ בּ֭וּז עַל־נְדִיבִ֑ים 1 For emphasis, Job is speaking as if **contempt** were a liquid that God could literally pour on **princes**. He means that God makes these princes lose the respect of others and experience complete contempt from them. If it would be clearer in your language, you could express the emphasis in another way. It may be helpful to begin a new sentence here. Alternate translation: “God completely disgraces princes”
|
||||
12:21 k6sg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּמְזִ֖יחַ אֲפִיקִ֣ים רִפָּֽה 1 Job is speaking as if God literally **loosens** the **belt** of **mighty ones**, that is, as if these mighty people tie up their robes so that they can do strenuous things but God loosens their robes again so that they can not. Job means that God is so strong that when he acts, even the strongest people are shown to be weak by comparison. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and God is so strong that when he acts, even the strongest people are shown to be weak by comparison”
|
||||
12:21 j408 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj אֲפִיקִ֣ים 1 Job is using the adjective **mighty** as a noun to mean a certain kind of person. The term is plural; the ULT shows this by adding the word **one**. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you can translate this adjective with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “people who are mighty”
|
||||
12:22 bqc1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מְגַלֶּ֣ה עֲ֭מֻקוֹת מִנִּי־חֹ֑שֶׁךְ וַיֹּצֵ֖א לָא֣וֹר צַלְמָֽוֶת 1 Job is speaking as if God were literally bringing things that were shrouded in **darkness** into the **light** where they could be seen. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. It may be helpful to begin a new sentence here. Alternate translation: “God reveals deep things that are obscure to humans, yes, he helps people understand things that are unclear”
|
||||
12:21 k6sg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּמְזִ֖יחַ אֲפִיקִ֣ים רִפָּֽה 1 Job is speaking as if God literally **loosens** the **belt** of **mighty ones**, that is, as if these mighty people tie up their robes so that they can do strenuous things, but God loosens their robes again so that they can not do those things. Job means that God is so strong that when he acts, even the strongest people are shown to be weak by comparison. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and God is so strong that when he acts, even the strongest people are shown to be weak by comparison”
|
||||
12:21 j408 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj אֲפִיקִ֣ים 1 Job is using the adjective **mighty** as a noun to mean a certain kind of person. The term is plural; the ULT shows this by adding the word **ones**. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you can translate this adjective with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “people who are mighty”
|
||||
12:22 bqc1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מְגַלֶּ֣ה עֲ֭מֻקוֹת מִנִּי־חֹ֑שֶׁךְ וַיֹּצֵ֖א לָא֣וֹר צַלְמָֽוֶת 1 Job is speaking as if God were literally bringing things that were shrouded in **darkness** into the **light** where they could be seen. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. It may be helpful to begin a new sentence here. Alternate translation: “God reveals deep things that are obscure to humans; yes, he helps people understand things that are unclear”
|
||||
12:22 c31p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מְגַלֶּ֣ה עֲ֭מֻקוֹת מִנִּי־חֹ֑שֶׁךְ 1 Job is speaking as if things that are difficult to understand are literally **deep**, that is, far underground where people cannot see them or reach them. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the one revealing the truth about things that are difficult to understand”
|
||||
12:22 j409 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj עֲ֭מֻקוֹת 1 Job is using the adjective **deep** as a noun to mean a certain kind of thing. The term is plural; the ULT shows this by adding the word **things**. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you can translate this word with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “things that are profound”
|
||||
12:24 n4ta rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לֵ֭ב 1 Here, the **heart** figuratively represents the thoughts. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “understanding”
|
||||
12:24 w1re rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וַ֝יַּתְעֵ֗ם בְּתֹ֣הוּ לֹא־דָֽרֶךְ 1 Job is speaking as if God literally makes leaders **wander in a wasteland**. He means that text. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “he makes them confused so that they do not know the right thing to do”
|
||||
12:24 w1re rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וַ֝יַּתְעֵ֗ם בְּתֹ֣הוּ לֹא־דָֽרֶךְ 1 Job is speaking as if God literally makes leaders **wander in a wasteland**. He means that text. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and he makes them confused so that they do not know the right thing to do”
|
||||
12:25 x7t2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יְמַֽשְׁשׁוּ־חֹ֥שֶׁךְ וְלֹא־א֑וֹר 1 Job is speaking as if these leaders whose understanding God takes away literally **grope in darkness**, as if there were no **light** by which they could see where to go. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “They are not able to understand what they should do”
|
||||
12:25 a21u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile וַ֝יַּתְעֵ֗ם כַּשִּׁכּֽוֹר 1 The point of this comparison is that just as a **drunkard** will wander in various directions without knowing where he is going, so these leaders will do one thing after another without being able to make a definite correct plan. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this point explicitly. Alternate translation: “and he makes them act aimlessly, just as a drunkard wanders aimlessly”
|
||||
13:intro x1ub 0 # Job 13 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter is a continuation of Job’s response to Zophar’s first speech.\n- Verses 1–19: Job complains to his friends that they have been speaking about him unfairly\n- Verses 20–28: Job begins to plead his case to God. He asks God to stop punishing him and to reveal any sins that are causing God to punish him with such great suffering.\n\nThe ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is poetry.\n\n##Translation issues in this chapter\n\n### singular and plural “you”\n\nThe words “you” and “your” and the implied “you” in imperative verbs are all plural in verses 1–19 because in those verses Job is addressing his three friends. These forms are singular in verses 20–28 because Job is addressing God. If your language marks a distinction between singular and plural “you,” use the appropriate forms in these different parts of the chapter.\n\n### “lift his face” (verse 8), “hide your face” (verse 24)\n\nThese expressions reflect a cultural practice. In this culture, the subject of a king would look humbly down at the ground when he came into the king’s presence. If the king were pleased with him, the king would “lift his face,” that is, get him to look up (for example, with a finger under his chin, or with a verbal command) to indicate that he could look at the king directly. In this way the king would be showing that he favored this subject. A reference to lifting someone’s face came to mean showing favoritism towards that person. That is the meaning in verse 8, where Job says that his friends are not considering his case fairly but instead showing partiality towards God. Similarly, if someone “hid his face” from someone (that is, turned his face away so that he was not looking at the person), that would be a sign that he was not pleased with the person. The expression “hide the face” came to mean “show disfavor,” even if someone was not literally looking away from someone else. That is what Job means in verse 24 when he asks God, “Why do you hide your face?” Notes to these verses suggest ways of translating these expressions.
|
||||
13:1 d8w1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche כֹּ֭ל רָאֲתָ֣ה עֵינִ֑י שָֽׁמְעָ֥ה אָ֝זְנִ֗י וַתָּ֥בֶן לָֽהּ 1 Job is using one part of himself, his **eye**, to mean all of him in the act of seeing, and another part of himself, his **ear**, to mean all of him in the act of hearing. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “I myself have seen all, yes, I myself have heard and understood it”
|
||||
12:25 a21u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile וַ֝יַּתְעֵ֗ם כַּשִּׁכּֽוֹר 1 The point of this comparison is that just as a **drunkard** will wander in various directions without knowing where he is going, so these leaders will do one thing after another without being able to make a definite, correct plan. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this point explicitly. Alternate translation: “he makes them act aimlessly, just as a drunkard wanders aimlessly”
|
||||
13:intro x1ub 0 # Job 13 General Notes\n\n## Structure and Formatting\n\nThis chapter is a continuation of Job’s response to Zophar’s first speech.\n- Verses 1–19: Job complains to his friends that they have been speaking about him unfairly\n- Verses 20–28: Job begins to plead his case to God. He asks God to stop punishing him and to reveal any sins that are causing God to punish him with such great suffering.\n\nThe ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is poetry.\n\n##Translation Issues in this Chapter\n\n### singular and plural “you”\n\nThe words “you” and “your” and the implied “you” in imperative verbs are all plural in verses 1–19 because in those verses Job is addressing his three friends. These forms are singular in verses 20–28 because Job is addressing God. If your language marks a distinction between singular and plural “you,” use the appropriate forms in these different parts of the chapter.\n\n### “lift his face” (verse 8), “hide your face” (verse 24)\n\nThese expressions reflect a cultural practice. In this culture, the subject of a king would look humbly down at the ground when he came into the king’s presence. If the king was pleased with him, the king would “lift his face,” that is, get him to look up (for example, with a finger under his chin, or with a verbal command) to indicate that he could look at the king directly. In this way the king would be showing that he favored this subject. A reference to lifting someone’s face came to mean showing favoritism towards that person. That is the meaning in verse 8, where Job says that his friends are not considering his case fairly but instead showing partiality towards God. Similarly, if someone “hid his face” from someone (that is, turned his face away so that he was not looking at the person), that would be a sign that he was not pleased with the person. The expression “hide the face” came to mean “show disfavor,” even if someone was not literally looking away from someone else. That is what Job means in verse 24 when he asks God, “Why do you hide your face?” Notes to these verses suggest ways of translating these expressions.
|
||||
13:1 d8w1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche כֹּ֭ל רָאֲתָ֣ה עֵינִ֑י שָֽׁמְעָ֥ה אָ֝זְנִ֗י וַתָּ֥בֶן לָֽהּ 1 Job is using one part of himself, his **eye**, to mean all of him in the act of seeing. He uses another part of himself, his **ear**, to mean all of him in the act of hearing. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “I myself have seen all, yes, I myself have heard and understood it”
|
||||
13:1 q1yi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כֹּ֭ל 1 Job is using the word **all** to mean everything that his friends have told him. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “all that the three of you have told me”
|
||||
13:2 cq6c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular כְּֽ֭דַעְתְּכֶם & מִכֶּֽם 1 The word **you** is plural here and through verse 13 because Job is addressing his three friends, so use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.
|
||||
13:2 j410 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns אָ֑נִי & אָנֹכִ֣י 1 For emphasis, Job is stating the pronoun **I**, whose meaning is already present in the verb **know**. If your language can state implied pronouns explicitly for emphasis, you may want to use that construction here in your translation. Other languages may have other ways of bringing out this emphasis. Alternate translation: “I myself also know”
|
||||
|
|
@ -935,29 +935,29 @@ front:intro u3jc 0 # Introduction to Job\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n
|
|||
13:3 mx6r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative אֲ֭נִי אֶל־שַׁדַּ֣י אֲדַבֵּ֑ר 1 Job is using this future statement to express a wish. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that in your translation. Alternate translation: “I wish to speak with Shaddai” or “I would rather speak with Shaddai”
|
||||
13:4 f979 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אַתֶּ֥ם טֹֽפְלֵי־שָׁ֑קֶר 1 Job is speaking as if his friends were literally plastering him with a **lie**, that is, coating him with untruth as if they were plastering a surface with it. Your language may have a similar expression that you can use in your translation. You could also use plain language. Alternate translation: “you are smearing me with lies”
|
||||
13:4 p89c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor רֹפְאֵ֖י אֱלִ֣ל כֻּלְּכֶֽם 1 Job is speaking as if his friends were literally doctors or **healers** who were trying to cure him of a disease but were failing. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “none of you have helped me at all by what you have said”
|
||||
13:5 gp7i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom מִֽי־יִ֭תֵּן הַחֲרֵ֣שׁ תַּחֲרִישׁ֑וּן 1 See how you translated the expression **Who will give** in [11:5–6](../11/05.md). Alternate translation: “I wish that being silent you would be silent!”
|
||||
13:5 gp7i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom מִֽי־יִ֭תֵּן הַחֲרֵ֣שׁ תַּחֲרִישׁ֑וּן 1 See how you translated the expression **Who will give** in [11:5–6](../11/05.md). Alternate translation: “I wish that being silent, you would be silent!”
|
||||
13:5 j411 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-reduplication הַחֲרֵ֣שׁ תַּחֲרִישׁ֑וּן 1 Job is repeating a verb that means to **be silent** in order to intensify the idea that it expresses. If your language can repeat words for intensification, it would be appropriate to do that here in your translation. If not, your language may have another way of expressing the emphasis. Alternate translation: “you would be completely silent”
|
||||
13:5 t33j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns וּתְהִ֖י לָכֶ֣ם לְחָכְמָֽה 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **wisdom**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “That would be the wisest thing you could do”
|
||||
13:6 v78i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche וְרִב֖וֹת שְׂפָתַ֣י הַקְשִֽׁיבוּ 1 Job is using one part of himself, his **lips**, to mean all of him in the act of speaking. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and heed the things I am saying as I plead my case”
|
||||
13:7 scy3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion הַ֭לְאֵל תְּדַבְּר֣וּ עַוְלָ֑ה וְ֝ל֗וֹ תְּֽדַבְּר֥וּ רְמִיָּֽה 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate these questions as statements or as exclamations. Alternate translation: “You have been speaking unrighteously for God! You have been talking deceitfully for him!”
|
||||
13:8 x6cv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion הֲפָנָ֥יו תִּשָּׂא֑וּן אִם־לָאֵ֥ל תְּרִיבֽוּן 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate these questions as statements or as exclamations. Alternate translation: “You have been lifting his face! You have been pleading for God!”
|
||||
13:8 gc76 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom הֲפָנָ֥יו תִּשָּׂא֑וּן 1 As the General Notes to this chapter discuss, the expression **lift his face** means to show favor or favoritism towards someone. Alternate translation: “Will you show him favoritism” or “You are showing him favoritism”
|
||||
13:8 i61h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לָאֵ֥ל תְּרִיבֽוּן 1 Job is using the word **plead** to mean argue a court case. He is suggesting that his friends are not counseling him impartially but rather taking God’s side against him even though, as he sees it, he has a valid case against God. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “will you take God’s side against me” or “you are taking God’s side against me”
|
||||
13:8 i61h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לָאֵ֥ל תְּרִיבֽוּן 1 Job is using the word **plead** to mean "argue a court case." He is suggesting that his friends are not counseling him impartially but, rather, taking God’s side against him even though, as he sees it, he has a valid case against God. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “will you take God’s side against me?” or “you are taking God’s side against me!”
|
||||
13:9 l9wk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion הֲ֭טוֹב כִּֽי־יַחְקֹ֣ר אֶתְכֶ֑ם אִם־כְּהָתֵ֥ל בֶּ֝אֱנ֗וֹשׁ תְּהָתֵ֥לּוּ בֽוֹ 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate these questions as statements or as exclamations. Alternate translation: “It is not good that he will examine you! You will not deceive him as you might deceive a man”
|
||||
13:9 j412 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit הֲ֭טוֹב כִּֽי־יַחְקֹ֣ר אֶתְכֶ֑ם 1 Job means implicitly that it would not be **good** for his friends if God were to **examine** them because God would discover that they had not been telling the truth about him. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “If God were to examine you, he would discover that you have not been telling the truth about him, and that would not be good for you”
|
||||
13:9 gk9j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations בֶּ֝אֱנ֗וֹשׁ 1 Although the term **man** is masculine, Job is using the word in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could use a term in your language that is clearly inclusive of both men and women. Alternate translation: “a man or a woman” or “a human”
|
||||
13:10 j413 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result הוֹכֵ֣חַ יוֹכִ֣יחַ אֶתְכֶ֑ם אִם־בַּ֝סֵּ֗תֶר פָּנִ֥ים תִּשָּׂאֽוּן 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could reverse the order of these phrases, since the second phrase gives the reason for the result that the first phrase describes. Alternate translation: “If in secret you were lifting faces, reproving he would reprove you”
|
||||
13:10 ecs9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-reduplication הוֹכֵ֣חַ יוֹכִ֣יחַ 1 Job is repeating the verb **reprove** in order to intensify the idea that it expresses. If your language can repeat words for intensification, it would be appropriate to do that here in your translation. If not, your language may have another way of expressing the emphasis. Alternate translation: “He would certainly reprove you”
|
||||
13:10 j413 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result הוֹכֵ֣חַ יוֹכִ֣יחַ אֶתְכֶ֑ם אִם־בַּ֝סֵּ֗תֶר פָּנִ֥ים תִּשָּׂאֽוּן 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could reverse the order of these phrases, since the second phrase gives the reason for the result that the first phrase describes. Alternate translation: “If in secret you were lifting faces, reproving, he would reprove you”
|
||||
13:10 ecs9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-reduplication הוֹכֵ֣חַ יוֹכִ֣יחַ 1 Job is repeating the verb **reprove** in order to intensify the idea that it expresses. If your language can repeat words for intensification, it would be appropriate to do that here in your translation. If not, your language may have another way of expressing the emphasis. Alternate translation: “He would certainly reprove”
|
||||
13:10 g5lz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom פָּנִ֥ים תִּשָּׂאֽוּן 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [13:8](../13/08.md). Alternate translation: “you were showing favoritism”
|
||||
13:11 j11v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion וּ֝פַחְדּ֗וֹ יִפֹּ֥ל עֲלֵיכֶֽם 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate these questions as statements or as exclamations. Alternate translation: “His majesty would certainly terrify you and the dread of him would certainly fall on you!”
|
||||
13:11 j11v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion וּ֝פַחְדּ֗וֹ יִפֹּ֥ל עֲלֵיכֶֽם 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate these questions as statements or as exclamations. Alternate translation: “and the dread of him would certainly fall on you!”
|
||||
13:11 e6x9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification וּ֝פַחְדּ֗וֹ יִפֹּ֥ל עֲלֵיכֶֽם 1 Job is speaking of **dread** as if it were a living thing that could actively **fall** on his friends, either in the sense of overwhelming them or of assailing them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and would you not become extremely afraid of him” or “and you would become extremely afraid of him”
|
||||
13:12 s8ny rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor זִֽ֭כְרֹנֵיכֶם מִשְׁלֵי־אֵ֑פֶר 1 Job is speaking as if the **maxims** that his friends have been quoting were literally made of **ashes**. Since, in this culture, garbage was burned into ashes, Job likely means that these **maxims** are worthless, at least as applied to his situation. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “The memorable proverbs you have been quoting are worthless to me”
|
||||
13:12 brf8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לְגַבֵּי־חֹ֝֗מֶר גַּבֵּיכֶֽם 1 Job is speaking as if his friends’ **defenses** of God were literally made of **clay**. He likely means that, like clay, they are fragile and would shatter if struck. Your language may have a similar expression that you can use in your translation. Alternate translation: “your defenses would crumble if anyone challenged you”
|
||||
13:13 vp1h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְיַעֲבֹ֖ר עָלַ֣י מָֽה 1 Job is speaking as if something might literally **come upon** him when he spoke. He means that something might happen to him. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and I will accept the consequences, whatever they may be”
|
||||
13:14 wk5u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion עַל־מָ֤ה ׀ אֶשָּׂ֣א בְשָׂרִ֣י בְשִׁנָּ֑י וְ֝נַפְשִׁ֗י אָשִׂ֥ים בְּכַפִּֽי 1 Job is posing to his friends a question whose answer he already knows. He is doing this to introduce the answer. You could indicate this in your translation if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “Let me tell you why I am taking my flesh in my teeth, yes, putting my life in my hands”
|
||||
13:14 j414 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor עַל־מָ֤ה ׀ אֶשָּׂ֣א בְשָׂרִ֣י בְשִׁנָּ֑י 1 Job is speaking as if he were literally taking (that is, carrying) his own **flesh** in his **teeth**. The image seems to be that of an animal carrying in its mouth prey that it has caught and killed. Until the animal is able to bring the prey safely into its den, the prey is vulnerable and there is a risk that another animal will come and take it. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Why am I putting my flesh at risk”
|
||||
13:14 j415 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche עַל־מָ֤ה ׀ אֶשָּׂ֣א בְשָׂרִ֣י בְשִׁנָּ֑י 1 Job is using one part of himself, his **flesh**, to mean all of himself. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Why am I putting myself at risk” or “I will tell you why I am putting myself at risk”
|
||||
13:14 j416 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ֝נַפְשִׁ֗י אָשִׂ֥ים בְּכַפִּֽי 1 Job is speaking as if he is literally holding his **life** in his **hands**, where once again it would be vulnerable, as in the preceding image in this verse. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “indeed, jeopardize my life” or, as a statement, “indeed, jeopardizing my life”
|
||||
13:14 wk5u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion עַל־מָ֤ה ׀ אֶשָּׂ֣א בְשָׂרִ֣י בְשִׁנָּ֑י וְ֝נַפְשִׁ֗י אָשִׂ֥ים בְּכַפִּֽי 1 Job is posing to his friends a question whose answer he already knows. He is doing this to introduce the answer. You could indicate this in your translation if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “Let me tell you why I am taking my flesh in my teeth, yes, putting my life in my hands.”
|
||||
13:14 j414 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor עַל־מָ֤ה ׀ אֶשָּׂ֣א בְשָׂרִ֣י בְשִׁנָּ֑י 1 Job is speaking as if he were literally taking (that is, carrying) his own **flesh** in his **teeth**. The image seems to be that of an animal carrying in its mouth prey that it has caught and killed. Until the animal is able to bring the prey safely into its den, the prey is vulnerable and there is a risk that another animal will come and take it. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Why do I put my flesh at risk”
|
||||
13:14 j415 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche עַל־מָ֤ה ׀ אֶשָּׂ֣א בְשָׂרִ֣י בְשִׁנָּ֑י 1 Job is using one part of himself, his **flesh**, to mean all of himself. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Why am I putting myself at risk”
|
||||
13:14 j416 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ֝נַפְשִׁ֗י אָשִׂ֥ים בְּכַפִּֽי 1 Job is speaking as if he is literally holding his **life** in his **hands**, where once again it would be vulnerable, as in the preceding image in this verse. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and indeed, jeopardize my life” or, as a statement, “indeed, jeopardizing my life”
|
||||
13:15 j417 rc://*/ta/man/translate/ grammar-connect-condition-hypothetical יִ֭קְטְלֵנִי ל֣וֹ אֲיַחֵ֑ל\n 1 Job is using the statement form to describe a conditional relationship, that is, to say what he would do if God did a specific thing. It may be helpful to clarify this for your readers. Alternate translation: “even if he kills me, I will still hope in him”
|
||||
13:15 j418 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor דְּ֝רָכַ֗י 1 Job is speaking of how he has been living as if he had been walking along certain **ways** or paths. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “my conduct”
|
||||
13:15 j419 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy אֶל־פָּנָ֥יו 1 Here the word **face** represents the presence of a person by association with the way people can see the face of someone who is present. Alternate translation: “in his presence”
|
||||
|
|
@ -965,8 +965,8 @@ front:intro u3jc 0 # Introduction to Job\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n
|
|||
13:16 j420 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj חָנֵ֥ף 1 Job is using the adjective **godless** as a noun to mean a certain kind of person. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you can translate this word with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “a godless person”
|
||||
13:16 t8zh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לְ֝פָנָ֗יו 1 Here the word **face** represents the presence of a person by association with the way people can see the face of someone who is present. Alternate translation: “into his presence”
|
||||
13:17 z88n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-reduplication שִׁמְע֣וּ שָׁ֭מוֹעַ 1 Job is repeating the verb **hear** in order to intensify the idea that it expresses. If your language can repeat words for intensification, it would be appropriate to do that here in your translation. If not, your language may have another way of expressing the emphasis. Alternate translation: “Make sure that you hear”
|
||||
13:17 g1xr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְ֝אַֽחֲוָתִ֗י 1 Job is using the term **word** to mean what he is about to say to God in his own defense by using words. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and may what I am about to say”
|
||||
13:17 ppd9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְ֝אַֽחֲוָתִ֗י בְּאָזְנֵיכֶֽם 1 Job is using the term **ears** by association to mean hearing. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Yes, listen carefully to my declaration”
|
||||
13:17 g1xr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְ֝אַֽחֲוָתִ֗י 1 Job is using the term **word** to mean what he is about to say to God in his own defense by using words. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and may what I am about to say be”
|
||||
13:17 ppd9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְ֝אַֽחֲוָתִ֗י בְּאָזְנֵיכֶֽם 1 Job is using the term **ears** by association to mean hearing or listening. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation, as a new sentence: “Yes, listen carefully to my declaration”
|
||||
13:18 mb7w rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns אֲנִ֥י אֶצְדָּֽק 1 For emphasis, Job is stating the pronoun **I**, whose meaning is already present in the verb **am righteous**. If your language can state implied pronouns explicitly for emphasis, you may want to use that construction here in your translation. Other languages may have other ways of bringing out this emphasis. Alternate translation: “I am certainly righteous” or “I am certainly innocent”
|
||||
13:19 u63c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion מִי־ה֭וּא יָרִ֣יב עִמָּדִ֑י 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. Alternate translation: “I do not believe that anyone could contend successfully with me”
|
||||
13:19 t9jj rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases כִּֽי 1 Job is using the word **For** to describe what would happen under the condition he has just described. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate this in your translation. Alternate translation: “If someone does prove me wrong,”
|
||||
|
|
@ -979,7 +979,7 @@ front:intro u3jc 0 # Introduction to Job\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n
|
|||
13:23 adu2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet כַּמָּ֣ה לִ֭י עֲוֺנ֣וֹת וְחַטָּא֑וֹת פִּֽשְׁעִ֥י וְ֝חַטָּאתִ֗י הֹדִיעֵֽנִי 1 While the terms **iniquities**, **sins**, and **transgression** mean similar things, Job is not necessarily using the three terms together for emphasis. There is a slight distinction between the kinds of activities that these terms describe, and Job may be naming these different activities as specific examples of potential wrongdoing in order to represent all types of wrongdoing. To show this, in your translation you could use three different terms that your language may have for wrongdoing. Alternatively, you could express the general meaning. Alternate translation: “Please tell me what crimes or misdeeds or offenses I may have committed” or “Please tell me if I have done wrong in any way”
|
||||
13:24 i7qi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom לָֽמָּה־פָנֶ֥יךָ תַסְתִּ֑יר 1 As the General Notes to this chapter discuss, the expression **hide your face** means to show disfavor or hostility to someone. Alternate translation: “Why do you treat me with hostility”
|
||||
13:25 xm7f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion הֶעָלֶ֣ה נִדָּ֣ף תַּעֲר֑וֹץ וְאֶת־קַ֖שׁ יָבֵ֣שׁ תִּרְדֹּֽף 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate these questions as statements or as exclamations. Alternate translation: “You do not need to terrify a driven leaf! You do not need to pursue dry stubble!”
|
||||
13:25 j422 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor הֶעָלֶ֣ה נִדָּ֣ף תַּעֲר֑וֹץ וְאֶת־קַ֖שׁ יָבֵ֣שׁ תִּרְדֹּֽף 1 Job is speaking as if he were literally a **driven leaf** and **dry stubble**. By comparing himself to those things, he is indicating that he is fragile and insignificant and that God does not need to oppose him powerfully. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “You do not need to terrify someone who is as fragile as I am! You do not need to pursue someone who is as insignificant as I am!”
|
||||
13:25 j422 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor הֶעָלֶ֣ה נִדָּ֣ף תַּעֲר֑וֹץ וְאֶת־קַ֖שׁ יָבֵ֣שׁ תִּרְדֹּֽף 1 Job is speaking as if he were literally a **driven leaf** and **dry stubble**. By comparing himself to those things, he is indicating that he is fragile and insignificant and that God does not need to oppose him powerfully. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation, as exclamations: “You do not need to terrify someone who is as fragile as I am! You do not need to pursue someone who is as insignificant as I am!”
|
||||
13:25 j423 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive הֶעָלֶ֣ה נִדָּ֣ף 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Job is referring to a leaf that is **driven** by the wind. Alternate translation: “a leaf that the wind is driving” or “a leaf that the wind is blowing about”
|
||||
13:26 h6d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor תִכְתֹּ֣ב עָלַ֣י מְרֹר֑וֹת 1 Job is speaking as if God were literally writing down charges against him. In this culture, that was the way of formally filing legal charges against someone. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “you charge me with bitter crimes”
|
||||
13:26 j424 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor תִכְתֹּ֣ב עָלַ֣י מְרֹר֑וֹת 1 Job is speaking as if the things that God is holding against him were **bitter** or bad-tasting. He means that they are things that would make someone feel unpleasant, just as bitter food or drink does. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “you charge me with horrible crimes”
|
||||
|
|
@ -988,14 +988,14 @@ front:intro u3jc 0 # Introduction to Job\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n
|
|||
13:27 l4h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְתָ֘שֵׂ֤ם בַּסַּ֨ד ׀ רַגְלַ֗י 1 Job is speaking as if God literally has put his **feet** in **shackles**. He means that God has restrained his actions severely by punishing him for the slightest infractions. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and you restrain my actions severely by punishing me for the slightest infractions”
|
||||
13:27 v65 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְתִשְׁמ֥וֹר כָּל־אָרְחוֹתָ֑י 1 Job is speaking as if his courses of action were literally **paths** that he was walking along. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and you watch everything I do”
|
||||
13:27 x3kd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor עַל־שָׁרְשֵׁ֥י רַ֝גְלַ֗י תִּתְחַקֶּֽה 1 Job is speaking as if God were literally taking some action regarding his **feet**. Interpreters are unsure of the exact meaning of this image. Job could be speaking as if: (1) God had drawn lines in the ground to mark foot-shaped areas where Job would have to step. Alternate translation: “you only allow me to step in a few small places” or “you only permit me to do a limited number of things without being punished” (2) God had put some kind of mark on his feet so that he would leave a distinctive footprint that God could easily track. Alternate translation: “you closely watch all of my actions”
|
||||
13:28 mlj8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person וְ֭הוּא & יִבְלֶ֑ה 1 Job is speaking about himself in the third person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate this in the first person. Alternate translation: “and I … decay”
|
||||
13:28 mlj8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person וְ֭הוּא & יִבְלֶ֑ה 1 Job is speaking about himself in the third person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate this in the first person. Alternate translation: “and I decay”
|
||||
13:28 fq5k rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases וְ֭הוּא & יִבְלֶ֑ה 1 Job is using the word **and** to introduce the result of the sufferings he is experiencing, which he considers to be punishments from God. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate this in your translation. Alternate translation: “so that he decays” or “so that I decay”
|
||||
14:intro t321 0 # Job 14 General Notes\n\n##Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter is the conclusion of Job’s response to Zophar’s first speech.\n- Verses 1–12: Job says that God should not pay so much attention to humans, since they have short and troubled lives.\n- Verses 13–17: Job speculates about what it would be like if God could bring him back to life and be friendly towards him again.\n- Verses 18–22: Job concludes pessimistically that he will likely just die and be separated forever from human community.\n\nThe ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is poetry.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Resurrection\n\nJob lived at a time when people did not know for certain whether there would be a resurrection of the dead, so Job speculates about this in his speeches. Sometimes he is more hopeful about it, and at other times he is less hopeful about it. In your translation, reflect what he is feeling and saying. It is not necessary to adjust his words in order to make them a confident proclamation about the resurrection.\n\n\n## Translation issues in this chapter\n\n### singular and plural “you”\n\nThe words “you” and “your” and the implied “you” in imperative verbs are singular throughout this chapter because Job is addressing God. If your language marks a distinction between singular and plural “you,” use the singular form in your translation.\n\n### “man” in a generic sense\n\nIn several places in this chapter, Job uses the word “man” in a generic sense that is inclusive of both men and women. It may be helpful in your translation to say “men and women” or to use a term in your language that is clearly inclusive of both men and women, such as “people,” “mortals,” or “humans.”
|
||||
14:intro t321 0 # Job 14 General Notes\n\n##Structure and Formatting\n\nThis chapter is the conclusion of Job’s response to Zophar’s first speech.\n- Verses 1–12: Job says that God should not pay so much attention to humans, since they have short and troubled lives.\n- Verses 13–17: Job speculates about what it would be like if God could bring him back to life and be friendly towards him again.\n- Verses 18–22: Job concludes pessimistically that he will likely just die and be separated forever from human community.\n\nThe ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is poetry.\n\n## Special Concepts in this Chapter\n\n### Resurrection\n\nJob lived at a time when people did not know for certain whether there would be a resurrection of the dead, so Job speculates about this in his speeches. Sometimes he is more hopeful about it, and at other times he is less hopeful about it. In your translation, reflect what he is feeling and saying. It is not necessary to adjust his words in order to make them a confident proclamation about the resurrection.\n\n\n## Translation Issues in this Chapter\n\n### singular and plural “you”\n\nThe words “you” and “your” and the implied “you” in imperative verbs are singular throughout this chapter because Job is addressing God. If your language marks a distinction between singular and plural “you,” use the singular form in your translation.\n\n### “man” in a generic sense\n\nIn several places in this chapter, Job uses the word “man” in a generic sense that is inclusive of both men and women. It may be helpful in your translation to say “men and women” or to use a term in your language that is clearly inclusive of both men and women, such as “people,” “mortals,” or “humans.”
|
||||
14:1 j425 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis אָ֭דָם יְל֣וּד אִשָּׁ֑ה קְצַ֥ר יָ֝מִ֗ים וּֽשְׂבַֽע־רֹֽגֶז 1 Job is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the context if that would be clearer in your language. However, Job is being deliberately terse in order to describe the human condition as pitiful, so you may wish to translate this statement with fewer words than your language would ordinarly use. Alternate translation: “Man, who is born of woman, is few of days and full of trouble”
|
||||
14:1 j426 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive אָ֭דָם יְל֣וּד אִשָּׁ֑ה 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Every child of a human mother”
|
||||
14:1 j427 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy אָ֭דָם יְל֣וּד אִשָּׁ֑ה 1 Job is using the phrase **born of woman** by association to mean that people are mortal. In other words, just as they are naturally born, they will naturally die. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Mortal man”
|
||||
14:1 d6in rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations אָ֭דָם יְל֣וּד אִשָּׁ֑ה 1 As the General Notes to this chapter discuss, although the term **Man** is masculine, Job is using the word here and throughout the chapter in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful to your readers, in all such instances you could use a term in your language that is clearly inclusive of both men and women. Alternate translation: “Mortal humans”
|
||||
14:1 u162 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom קְצַ֥ר יָ֝מִ֗ים וּֽשְׂבַֽע־רֹֽגֶז 1 Job does not mean that in general people live for only a few **days**. He is using the term **days** to mean time in general. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “His life is short, and it is full of trouble”
|
||||
14:1 u162 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom קְצַ֥ר יָ֝מִ֗ים וּֽשְׂבַֽע־רֹֽגֶז 1 Job does not mean that in general people live for only a few **days**. He is using the term **days** to mean time in general. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “His life is short and it is full of trouble”
|
||||
14:1 pfe3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּֽשְׂבַֽע־רֹֽגֶז 1 Job is speaking of **Man** as if he were a container that **trouble** fills. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and continually troubled”
|
||||
14:2 bgr2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism כְּצִ֣יץ יָ֭צָא וַיִּמָּ֑ל וַיִּבְרַ֥ח כַּ֝צֵּ֗ל וְלֹ֣א יַעֲמֽוֹד 1 These two phrases mean similar things. Job is using repetition to emphasize the idea that the phrases express. Since Job is using two different images together, it may be helpful to connect the phrases with a word other than **and** in order to show that the second phrase is conveying the same idea as the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “He comes forth and withers like a flower, yes, he flees like a shadow and does not stand”
|
||||
14:2 w4bb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וַיִּבְרַ֥ח כַּ֝צֵּ֗ל וְלֹ֣א יַעֲמֽוֹד 1 In this context, the word **stand** means to stay in one place. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and he flees like a shadow, indeed, he does not remain”
|
||||
|
|
@ -1007,14 +1007,14 @@ front:intro u3jc 0 # Introduction to Job\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n
|
|||
14:4 j429 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מִֽי־יִתֵּ֣ן טָ֭הוֹר מִטָּמֵ֗א לֹ֣א אֶחָֽד 1 Job is speaking as if people who are sinful are literally **unclean** or dirty and as if people who are not sinful are literally **clean**. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Every person is sinful, so no person can bear and raise someone who is not sinful”
|
||||
14:5 jij3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns חֲרוּצִ֨ים ׀ יָמָ֗יו 1 The pronoun **his** refers to a person in general, as in verse 2. It may be helpful to clarify this for your readers. Alternate translation: “a person’s days are determined”
|
||||
14:5 fm5b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive חֲרוּצִ֨ים ׀ יָמָ֗יו 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you have determined his days” or “you determine for how many days each person will live”
|
||||
14:5 iz79 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom מִֽסְפַּר־חֳדָשָׁ֥יו אִתָּ֑ךְ 1 The expression **is with you** describes something that the person being addressed has the power and authority to decide. Your language may have a similar expression that you can use in your translation. You could also use plain language. Alternate translation: “is up to you” or “is something that you decide”
|
||||
14:5 iz79 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom מִֽסְפַּר־חֳדָשָׁ֥יו אִתָּ֑ךְ 1 The expression **is with you** describes something that the person being addressed has the power and authority to decide. Your language may have a similar expression that you can use in your translation. You could also use plain language. Alternate translation: “the number of his months is up to you” or “the number of his months is something that you decide”
|
||||
14:6 j430 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result שְׁעֵ֣ה מֵעָלָ֣יו וְיֶחְדָּ֑ל 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could reverse the order of these phrases, since the second phrase gives the reason for the result that the first phrase describes. Alternate translation: “so that he may desist, look away from him”
|
||||
14:6 j431 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְיֶחְדָּ֑ל 1 In the context of this speech by Job, the word **desist** implicitly means to stop being continually concerned that God is watching and will judge and punish the slightest infraction. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “that he may live without continually fearing your punishment”
|
||||
14:6 w4rx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile עַד־יִ֝רְצֶ֗ה כְּשָׂכִ֥יר יוֹמֽוֹ 1 The point of this comparison is that a **hireling**, that is, someone hired by the day for manual labor, has difficult work, but he knows that it is only for a short time. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this point explicitly. Alternate translation: “until he finishes living his difficult but short life”
|
||||
14:6 j432 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יִ֝רְצֶ֗ה & יוֹמֽוֹ 1 Job is speaking as if a human being’s brief life as if it were literally only a **day**. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “he lives out his brief life”
|
||||
14:7 l8i1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns יֵ֥שׁ לָעֵ֗ץ תִּ֫קְוָ֥ה אִֽם־יִ֭כָּרֵת וְע֣וֹד יַחֲלִ֑יף וְ֝יֹֽנַקְתּ֗וֹ לֹ֣א תֶחְדָּֽל 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **hope**, you could express the same idea in another way, such as with the verb “hope.” Alternate translation: “people may hope that if a tree is cut down, it will sprout again”
|
||||
14:6 j432 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יִ֝רְצֶ֗ה & יוֹמֽוֹ 1 Job is speaking of a human being’s brief life as if it were literally only a **day**. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “he lives out his brief life”
|
||||
14:7 l8i1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns יֵ֥שׁ לָעֵ֗ץ תִּ֫קְוָ֥ה אִֽם־יִ֭כָּרֵת וְע֣וֹד יַחֲלִ֑יף וְ֝יֹֽנַקְתּ֗וֹ לֹ֣א תֶחְדָּֽל 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **hope**, you could express the same idea in another way, such as with the verb “hope.” Alternate translation: “people may hope that if a tree is cut down, it will sprout again and it will live”
|
||||
14:7 ezr1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive יִ֭כָּרֵת 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “someone cuts it down”
|
||||
14:8 cqw2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וּ֝בֶעָפָ֗ר יָמ֥וּת גִּזְעֽוֹ 1 Job means implicitly that the stump of the tree he is using as an example begins to die. If the tree had died completely, it could not regenerate, as he describes in the next verse. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “its stump begins to die”
|
||||
14:8 cqw2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וּ֝בֶעָפָ֗ר יָמ֥וּת גִּזְעֽוֹ 1 Job means implicitly that the stump of the tree he is using as an example begins to die. If the tree had died completely, it could not regenerate, as he describes in the next verse. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “and its stump begins to die”
|
||||
14:9 f92c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification מֵרֵ֣יחַ מַ֣יִם 1 Job is speaking of the tree he is describing as if it could actually smell the **scent** of **waters**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “as soon as the ground becomes moist”
|
||||
14:9 dav4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun וְעָשָׂ֖ה קָצִ֣יר 1 Job is not referring to a specific **branch**. He actually means that the stump of the tree will send forth many branches or shoots. Express this in the way that would be most natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and send forth many shoots”
|
||||
14:9 bx2i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כְּמוֹ־נָֽטַע 1 Job is referring implicitly to a young **plant**, which would grow rapidly. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “as young plants do” or “as if it were a young plant”
|
||||
|
|
@ -1027,7 +1027,7 @@ front:intro u3jc 0 # Introduction to Job\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n
|
|||
14:12 j435 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לֹ֣א יָקִ֑יצוּ וְלֹֽא־יֵ֝עֹ֗רוּ מִשְּׁנָתָֽם 1 Job is speaking of people who are dead as if they were asleep. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “they will remain dead; they will not be brought back to life”
|
||||
14:12 j436 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns לֹ֣א יָקִ֑יצוּ וְלֹֽא־יֵ֝עֹ֗רוּ מִשְּׁנָתָֽם 1 The pronoun **their** and both instances of the pronoun **they** refer to people who die. Up to this point in this speech, Job has been talking about people dying by referring to a “man.” If it would be helpful to your readers, you could use singular pronouns in this sentence for continuity. Alternate translation: “he will not awake, no, he will not be roused from his sleep”
|
||||
14:12 h4i1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְלֹֽא־יֵ֝עֹ֗רוּ מִשְּׁנָתָֽם 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and no one will rouse them from their sleep” or “and no one will rouse him from his sleep”
|
||||
14:13 w12i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom מִ֤י יִתֵּ֨ן ׀ בִּשְׁא֬וֹל תַּצְפִּנֵ֗נִי תַּ֭סְתִּירֵנִי עַד־שׁ֣וּב אַפֶּ֑ךָ תָּ֤שִׁ֥ית לִ֖י חֹ֣ק וְתִזְכְּרֵֽנִי 1 See how you translated the expression **Who will give** in [11:5–6](../11/05.md). Alternate translation: “I wish that you would conceal me in Sheol, {that} you would hide me until the turning of your nose, {that} you would set a limit for me and remember me!”
|
||||
14:13 w12i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom מִ֤י יִתֵּ֨ן ׀ בִּשְׁא֬וֹל תַּצְפִּנֵ֗נִי תַּ֭סְתִּירֵנִי עַד־שׁ֣וּב אַפֶּ֑ךָ תָּ֤שִׁ֥ית לִ֖י חֹ֣ק וְתִזְכְּרֵֽנִי 1 See how you translated the expression **Who will give** in [11:5–6](../11/05.md). Alternate translation (as an exclamation): “I wish that you would conceal me in Sheol, {that} you would hide me until the turning of your nose, {that} you would set a limit for me and remember me!”
|
||||
14:13 j437 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor עַד־שׁ֣וּב אַפֶּ֑ךָ 1 See how you translated the word **nose** in [9:5](../09/05.md). Alternate translation: “until the turning of your anger”
|
||||
14:13 j438 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor עַד־שׁ֣וּב אַפֶּ֑ךָ 1 Job is speaking as if God’s **anger** might literally **turn** and go in a different direction. Job actually means that God would stop being angry. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “until you stop being angry with me”
|
||||
14:13 is2h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit תָּ֤שִׁ֥ית לִ֖י חֹ֣ק 1 This could mean implicitly: (1) that God would set a **limit** on the time that Job had to spend in Sheol before God would **remember** him (see the explanation of the term “remember” in the next note). Alternate translation: “that you would decide how long I needed to spend in Sheol before you would remember me” (2) that God would choose a particular time sometime in the future when he would **remember** Job. Alternate translation: “that you would choose a particular time when you would remember me”
|
||||
|
|
@ -1038,20 +1038,20 @@ front:intro u3jc 0 # Introduction to Job\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n
|
|||
14:14 j439 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כָּל־יְמֵ֣י צְבָאִ֣י 1 Since Job said in [7:1](../01/01.md) that a person experiences “hardship” on earth, in this phrase he is probably referring implicitly to life on earth. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “For as long as I live on this earth”
|
||||
14:14 a2dm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אֲיַחֵ֑ל עַד־בּ֝֗וֹא חֲלִיפָתִֽי 1 Since Job suggests at the beginning of this verse that people could live again after they die, and since he describes his present life on earth as **hardship**, the implication seems to be that by **my change**, he means his death, which presumably would lead to a better life. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “I will wait patiently to die and then live a better life” or “I will hope expectantly that after I die I will live a better life”
|
||||
14:15 d3u1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases תִּ֭קְרָא וְאָנֹכִ֣י אֶֽעֱנֶ֑ךָּ לְֽמַעֲשֵׂ֖ה יָדֶ֣יךָ תִכְסֹֽף 1 In this verse, Job is describing what would happen under the condition he described in the previous verse. If it would be helpful to your readers, to indicate this you could add a connecting word at the start of this verse. You could also use the conditional tense rather than the future tense if that would be more natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Then you would call, and I would answer you. You would desire the work of your hands”
|
||||
14:15 tbe8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit תִּ֭קְרָא וְאָנֹכִ֣י אֶֽעֱנֶ֑ךָּ 1 Job is using very similar words here to the ones that he used in [13:22](../13/22.md) to challenge God to argue his case with him. But now he means that he and God would converse in a friendly way. To help your readers appreciate this use of language, it would be helpful to translate the terms here the same way you translated them in [13:22](../13/22.md).
|
||||
14:15 j440 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns וְאָנֹכִ֣י אֶֽעֱנֶ֑ךָּ 1 For emphasis, Job is stating the pronoun **I**, whose meaning is already present in the verb **answer**. If your language can state implied pronouns explicitly for emphasis, you may want to use that construction here in your translation. Other languages may have other ways of bringing out this emphasis. Alternate translation: “and I will gladly answer you”
|
||||
14:15 tbe8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit תִּ֭קְרָא וְאָנֹכִ֣י אֶֽעֱנֶ֑ךָּ 1 Here Job is using words that are very similar to the ones that he used in [13:22](../13/22.md) to challenge God to argue his case with him. But now he means that he and God would converse in a friendly way. To help your readers appreciate this use of language, it would be helpful to translate the terms here the same way you translated them in [13:22](../13/22.md).
|
||||
14:15 j440 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns וְאָנֹכִ֣י אֶֽעֱנֶ֑ךָּ 1 For emphasis, Job is stating the pronoun **I**, whose meaning is already present in the verb **answer**. If your language can state implied pronouns explicitly for emphasis, you may want to use that construction here in your translation. Other languages may have other ways of bringing out this emphasis. Alternate translation: “and I would gladly answer you”
|
||||
14:15 j3fp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche לְֽמַעֲשֵׂ֖ה יָדֶ֣יךָ 1 Job is using one part of God, his **hands**, to mean all of him in the act of creating Job. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the person whom you created”
|
||||
14:16 q9vm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor עַ֭תָּה צְעָדַ֣י תִּסְפּ֑וֹר לֹֽא־תִ֝שְׁמ֗וֹר עַל־חַטָּאתִֽי 1 Job is speaking as if God literally will literally **number** or count the **steps** he is taking. He is speaking of living as if it were walking along a path. Job is alluding to what he said in [13:27](../13/27.md), that God was watching his paths and marking places where he had to step. Job could mean here: (1) that once God was no longer angry with him, God would caringly observe all that he did in order to make sure that he was all right, but God would no longer be looking to see whether he was doing wrong. Alternate translation: “then you would caringly observe all that I did, but you would no longer be looking to see whether I was doing wrong” (2) that God is currently restricting his activities, but once God was no longer angry with him, God would not watch him so closely. Alternate translation: “now you are restricting my activities to keep me from doing the slightest thing wrong, but then you would no longer watch me so closely”
|
||||
14:16 q9vm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor עַ֭תָּה צְעָדַ֣י תִּסְפּ֑וֹר לֹֽא־תִ֝שְׁמ֗וֹר עַל־חַטָּאתִֽי 1 Job is speaking as if God literally will **number** or count the **steps** he is taking. He is speaking of living as if it were walking along a path. Job alludes to what he said in [13:27](../13/27.md), that God was watching his paths and marking places where he had to step. Job could mean here: (1) that once God was no longer angry with him, God would caringly observe all that he did to ensure that he was all right, but God would no longer be looking to see whether he was doing wrong. Alternate translation: “then you would caringly observe all that I did, but you would no longer be looking to see whether I was doing wrong” (2) that God is currently restricting his activities, but once God was no longer angry with him, God would not watch him so closely. Alternate translation: “now you are restricting my activities to keep me from doing the slightest thing wrong, but then you would no longer watch me so closely”
|
||||
14:16 bay1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche לֹֽא־תִ֝שְׁמ֗וֹר עַל־חַטָּאתִֽי 1 Job is using his **sin** to mean all of him in the act of sinning. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “you will not watch over me to see whether I am doing wrong”
|
||||
14:17 zvn3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive חָתֻ֣ם בִּצְר֣וֹר פִּשְׁעִ֑י 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You will seal my transgression in a bag”
|
||||
14:17 zvn3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive חָתֻ֣ם בִּצְר֣וֹר פִּשְׁעִ֑י 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You would seal my transgression in a bag”
|
||||
14:17 cby4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor חָתֻ֣ם בִּצְר֣וֹר פִּשְׁעִ֑י 1 Job is speaking as if God would literally **seal** his **transgression** in a **bag**. He means that God would forgive his transgression and no longer regard it, as if it were hidden from view and inaccessible. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “You would completely forgive my transgression”
|
||||
14:17 qe5i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וַ֝תִּטְפֹּ֗ל עַל־עֲוֺנִֽי 1 Job is speaking as if God would literally **plaster over** his **iniquity**. Once again he means that God would forgive him and no longer regard his iniquity, as if it were hidden from view. Job is using the same terminology as in [13:4](../13/04.md), where he said that his friends were plastering him with a lie. There he meant that while he was righteous, his friends were making it appear that he was sinful. Here he means that God would make him appear righteous because God would have forgiven all of his sin. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “you would make me appear righteous”
|
||||
14:17 qe5i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וַ֝תִּטְפֹּ֗ל עַל־עֲוֺנִֽי 1 Job is speaking as if God would literally **plaster over** his **iniquity**. Once again he means that God would forgive him and no longer regard his iniquity, as if it were hidden from view. Job is using the same terminology as in [13:4](../13/04.md), where he said that his friends were plastering him with a lie. There he meant that while he was righteous, his friends were making it appear that he was sinful. Here he means that God would make him appear righteous because God would have forgiven all of his sin. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and you would make me appear righteous”
|
||||
14:18 j441 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridge 0 This verse is the beginning of a sentence that Job completes in the next verse. The entire sentence draws a comparison. To show this, you could create a verse bridge for verses 18–19. It might say something like this: “However, just a falling mountain crumbles and a rock moves from its place, just as waters wear down stones and its flooding washes away the dust of the earth, so you destroy the hope of man”
|
||||
14:18 j442 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast וְ֭אוּלָם 1 Job is using the word translated **However** to indicate a strong contrast between the possibility of renewed life and reconciliation with God after death, which he was discussing in verses 14–17, and what seems to him to be the actual human condition, which he will describe in the rest of this chapter. In your translation, indicate this strong contrast in a way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “But unfortunately” or “I wish that all of that could happen, but instead it seems that”
|
||||
14:18 j442 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast וְ֭אוּלָם 1 Job is using the word translated **However** to indicate a strong contrast between the possibility of renewed life and reconciliation with God after death, which he was discussing in verses 14–17, and what seems to him to be the actual human condition, which he will describe in the rest of this chapter. In your translation, indicate this strong contrast in a way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “But unfortunately” or “Though I wish that all of that could happen, it seems that, instead”
|
||||
14:18 hga3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor הַר־נוֹפֵ֣ל יִבּ֑וֹל 1 Job is speaking as if a mountain might literally be **falling**. He means that the mountain is becoming lower in elevation because it is eroding. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “an eroding mountain crumbles”
|
||||
14:18 h2q3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun וְ֝צ֗וּר יֶעְתַּ֥ק מִמְּקֹמֽוֹ 1 Job is not referring to a specific **rock**. He means rocks in general. Express this in the way that would be most natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and rocks move from their places”
|
||||
14:18 j443 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְ֝צ֗וּר יֶעְתַּ֥ק מִמְּקֹמֽוֹ 1 The meaning of this phrase may be similar to the meaning of the phrases “his place will not know him again” in [7:10](../01/01.md) and “one destroys it from its place” in [8:18](../01/01.md). The emphasis may be not on the rock moving but on its no longer being in its **place**. Alternate translation: “yes, even large rocks disappear”
|
||||
14:19 nc2a rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns סְפִיחֶ֥יהָ 1 The pronoun **its** refers to the **earth**. It may be helpful to clarify this for your readers. Alternate translation: “the flooding of the earth washes away its dust” or “when the earth floods, that washes away its dust”
|
||||
14:18 j443 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְ֝צ֗וּר יֶעְתַּ֥ק מִמְּקֹמֽוֹ 1 The meaning of this phrase may be similar to the meaning of the phrases “his place will not know him again” in [7:10](../01/01.md) and “one destroys it from its place” in [8:18](../01/01.md). The emphasis may be not on the rock moving but on its no longer being in its **place**. Alternate translation: “and yes, even large rocks disappear”
|
||||
14:19 nc2a rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns תִּשְׁטֹֽף־ סְפִיחֶ֥יהָ עֲפַר־אָ֑רֶץ 1 The pronoun **its** refers to the **earth**. It may be helpful to clarify this for your readers. Alternate translation: “the flooding of the earth washes away its dust” or “when the earth floods, that washes away its dust”
|
||||
14:20 q4my rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor תִּתְקְפֵ֣הוּ לָ֭נֶצַח 1 Job is speaking as if each person were in a lifelong struggle with God and as if God were able to **overpower** or defeat each person throughout his life. Job likely means that people struggle to live, but God is able to enforce his decree that each person must ultimately die after living for a certain time. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “You make people’s bodies wear out throughout their lives”
|
||||
14:20 uah1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism וַֽיַּהֲלֹ֑ךְ 1 Job is using the expression **goes away** to mean “dies.” This is a mild way of referring to death. Your language may have a similar expression that you can use in your translation. Alternate translation: “and he passes away”
|
||||
14:20 p3dh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom מְשַׁנֶּ֥ה פָ֝נָ֗יו 1 The expression **changing his face** describes a person’s face becoming wrinkled as that person ages. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “making his face wrinkled”
|
||||
|
|
@ -1059,10 +1059,10 @@ front:intro u3jc 0 # Introduction to Job\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n
|
|||
14:20 lq7f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וַֽתְּשַׁלְּחֵֽהוּ 1 Job is implicitly describing how God will **send** a person **away** from the community of living people to the abode of the dead. Job will describe this isolation in more detail in the next two verses. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “you send him away from the community of living people to the abode of the dead”
|
||||
14:21 m7cw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations בָ֭נָיו 1 Although the term **sons** is masculine, Job is using the word in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could use a term in your language that is clearly inclusive of both men and women. Alternate translation: “His children”
|
||||
14:22 j445 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche אַךְ־בְּ֭שָׂרוֹ עָלָ֣יו יִכְאָ֑ב וְ֝נַפְשׁ֗וֹ עָלָ֥יו תֶּאֱבָֽל 1 Job is using parts of a person, his **flesh** and his **soul**, to mean all of a person in the act of grieving and mourning. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “He alone grieves for himself, yes, he alone mourns for himself”
|
||||
15:intro p4sy 0 # Job 15 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\n In this chapter, Job’s friend Eliphaz speaks to him once again. This time he speaks more strongly than he spoke before.\n- Verses 1–10: Eliphaz argues that the insights of traditional wisdom are on his side.\n- Verses 11–16: Eliphaz argues that Job should not defiantly insist that he is righteous.\n- Verses 17–19: Eliphaz invites Job to consider the insights of traditional wisdom.\n- Verses 20–35: Eliphaz quotes the insights of traditional wisdom.\n\nThe ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is poetry.
|
||||
15:intro p4sy 0 # Job 15 General Notes\n\n## Structure and Formatting\n\n In this chapter, Job’s friend Eliphaz speaks to him once again. This time he speaks more strongly than he spoke before.\n- Verses 1–10: Eliphaz argues that the insights of traditional wisdom are on his side.\n- Verses 11–16: Eliphaz argues that Job should not defiantly insist that he is righteous.\n- Verses 17–19: Eliphaz invites Job to consider the insights of traditional wisdom.\n- Verses 20–35: Eliphaz quotes the insights of traditional wisdom.\n\nThe ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is poetry.
|
||||
15:2 mw8h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion הֶֽחָכָ֗ם יַעֲנֶ֥ה דַֽעַת־ר֑וּחַ וִֽימַלֵּ֖א קָדִ֣ים בִּטְנֽוֹ 1 Eliphaz is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. This verse is the beginning of a question that continues into the next verse, but if you translate it as a statement or as an exclamation, it may be helpful to make it a separate sentence in your translation. Alternate translation: “A wise person does not answer with knowledge of wind or fill his belly with the east wind!”
|
||||
15:2 j446 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person הֶֽחָכָ֗ם יַעֲנֶ֥ה דַֽעַת־ר֑וּחַ וִֽימַלֵּ֖א קָדִ֣ים בִּטְנֽוֹ 1 Eliphaz is talking about Job in the third person, even though he is speaking to him directly. He is saying that Job himself must not be a wise person, since he has been talking in this way. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate this in the second person. Alternate translation: “I can tell that you are not a wise person, because you have answered with knowledge of wind, yes, you have filled your belly with the east wind!”
|
||||
15:2 j447 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj הֶֽחָכָ֗ם יַעֲנֶ֥ה 1 Eliphaz is using the adjective **wise** as a noun to mean a certain kind of person. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you can translate this word with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “Would a wise person answer”
|
||||
15:2 j447 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj הֶֽחָכָ֗ם יַעֲנֶ֥ה 1 Eliphaz is using the adjective **wise** as a noun to mean a certain kind of person. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you can translate this word with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “Will the wise person answer”
|
||||
15:2 hd46 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor דַֽעַת־ר֑וּחַ 1 Eliphaz is speaking as if Job’s **knowledge** consisted literally of **wind**. Your language may have a similar expression that you can use in your translation. You could also use plain language, as the UST models. Eliphaz could mean: (1) that Job is talking a lot, making a loud sound, but not saying anything of substance, just as the wind blows loudly but is only air. Alternate translation: “with such bluster” (2) that what Job is saying is insubstantial, as if it were the air that the wind was blowing around. Alternate translation: “with such empty statements”
|
||||
15:2 h768 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor קָדִ֣ים 1 Eliphaz is speaking as if Job has literally filled his **belly** with the **east wind**. In this location, the wind from the east brought hot air from the desert. Eliphaz is using this image to portray Job as taking deep breaths so that he can speak at length and then breathing out hot air as he speaks. Your language may have a similar expression that you can use in your translation. You could also use plain language, as the UST models. It may be helpful to begin a new sentence here. Alternate translation: “No, a wise man would not be so full of hot air”
|
||||
15:3 mka2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion הוֹכֵ֣חַ בְּ֭דָבָר לֹ֣א יִסְכּ֑וֹן וּ֝מִלִּ֗ים לֹא־יוֹעִ֥יל בָּֽם 1 Eliphaz is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. This verse is the continuation of a question that began in the previous verse, but it may be helpful to make it a separate sentence in your translation. Alternate translation: “No, a wise person does not reason with a word that does not benefit or with words that do not have profit in them!”
|
||||
|
|
@ -1073,10 +1073,10 @@ front:intro u3jc 0 # Introduction to Job\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n
|
|||
15:5 t4nv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification יְאַלֵּ֣ף עֲוֺנְךָ֣ פִ֑יךָ 1 Eliphaz is speaking as if Job’s **iniquity** were a living thing that was teaching his **mouth** what to say. He means that Job is saying wrong things about God in order to excuse his own sin. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “you are saying things to excuse your inquity”
|
||||
15:5 tt4g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְ֝תִבְחַ֗ר לְשׁ֣וֹן עֲרוּמִֽים 1 Eliphaz is using the term **tongue** by association to mean speaking. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “you are deliberately speaking as the crafty do” or “you know that you are speaking deceitfully”
|
||||
15:5 gfb6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj עֲרוּמִֽים 1 Eliphaz is using the adjective **crafty** as a noun to mean a certain kind of person. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you can translate this word with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “crafty people”
|
||||
15:6 j5yb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification יַרְשִֽׁיעֲךָ֣ פִ֣יךָ וְלֹא־אָ֑נִי וּ֝שְׂפָתֶ֗יךָ יַעֲנוּ־בָֽךְ 1 Eliphaz is speaking of Job’s **mouth** and **lips** as if they were living things that could **condemn** and **testify against** him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “It is clear from what you say that you are wrong; I do not need to prove that myself. Indeed, what you say provides evidence that you are wrong”
|
||||
15:6 j5yb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification יַרְשִֽׁיעֲךָ֣ פִ֣יךָ וְלֹא־אָ֑נִי וּ֝שְׂפָתֶ֗יךָ יַעֲנוּ־בָֽךְ 1 Eliphaz is speaking of Job’s **mouth** and **lips** as if they were living things that could **condemn** and **testify against** him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “It is clear from what you say that you are wrong; I do not need to prove that. Indeed, what you say provides evidence that you are wrong”
|
||||
15:7 dpx3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion הֲרִאישׁ֣וֹן אָ֭דָם תִּוָּלֵ֑ד וְלִפְנֵ֖י גְבָע֣וֹת חוֹלָֽלְתָּ 1 Eliphaz is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. Alternate translation: “You were not born the first man! No, you were not formed to the face of the hills!”
|
||||
15:7 a7jq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit הֲרִאישׁ֣וֹן אָ֭דָם תִּוָּלֵ֑ד וְלִפְנֵ֖י גְבָע֣וֹת חוֹלָֽלְתָּ 1 Eliphaz is implicitly challenging Job not to consider himself wiser than everyone else because, after all, he is not older than everyone else. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “You should not think that you are wiser than everyone else, because you were not born the first man! No, you were not formed to the face of the hills!”
|
||||
15:7 j449 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole הֲרִאישׁ֣וֹן אָ֭דָם תִּוָּלֵ֑ד וְלִפְנֵ֖י גְבָע֣וֹת חוֹלָֽלְתָּ 1 Eliphaz is overstating his point for emphasis as he challenges Job not to consider himself wiser than others. If a speaker of your language would not make this kind of overstatement, you could use a different way to express the emphasis. Alternate translation: Alternate translation: “You should not think that you are wiser than everyone else, because you are not older than the other wise people in our community”
|
||||
15:7 j449 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole הֲרִאישׁ֣וֹן אָ֭דָם תִּוָּלֵ֑ד וְלִפְנֵ֖י גְבָע֣וֹת חוֹלָֽלְתָּ 1 Eliphaz is overstating his point for emphasis as he challenges Job not to consider himself wiser than others. If a speaker of your language would not make this kind of overstatement, you could use a different way to express the emphasis. Alternate translation: “You should not think that you are wiser than everyone else, because you are not older than the other wise people in our community”
|
||||
15:7 v4jt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive הֲרִאישׁ֣וֹן אָ֭דָם תִּוָּלֵ֑ד 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Are you the first person who ever lived”
|
||||
15:7 j450 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations הֲרִאישׁ֣וֹן אָ֭דָם 1 Although the term **man** is masculine, Eliphaz is using the word in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could use a term in your language that is clearly inclusive of both men and women. Alternate translation: “the first human”
|
||||
15:7 j451 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְלִפְנֵ֖י גְבָע֣וֹת חוֹלָֽלְתָּ 1 Here the word **face** represents the presence of something by association with the way people can see the face of a person who is present. By asking whether Job was **formed** in the presence of **the hills**, Eliphaz is asking whether Job was formed at the same time as the hills, that is, long ago. Alternate translation: “and were you formed when the hills were formed”
|
||||
|
|
@ -1090,16 +1090,16 @@ front:intro u3jc 0 # Introduction to Job\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n
|
|||
15:10 j456 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj גַּם־שָׂ֣ב גַּם־יָשִׁ֣ישׁ 1 Eliphaz is using the adjectives **gray-haired** and **aged** as nouns to mean certain kinds of people. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you can translate these words with equivalent phrases. Alternate translation: “Both gray-haired people and aged people” or “The most senior people”
|
||||
15:10 e1wm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom בָּ֑נוּ 1 In this context, the expression **with us** indicates agreement. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “agree with us”
|
||||
15:10 j457 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy כַּבִּ֖יר מֵאָבִ֣יךָ יָמִֽים 1 Eliphaz is using the term **days** to refer by association to how long a person has lived. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “greater than your father in age” or “older than your father”
|
||||
15:11 w8rr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion הַמְעַ֣ט מִ֭מְּךָ תַּנְחֻמ֣וֹת אֵ֑ל וְ֝דָבָ֗ר לָאַ֥ט עִמָּֽךְ 1 Eliphaz is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. Alternate translation: “You seem to consider the consolations of God to be too small for you. You seem to feel the same way about a word spoken in gentleness to you”
|
||||
15:11 j458 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor הַמְעַ֣ט מִ֭מְּךָ תַּנְחֻמ֣וֹת אֵ֑ל 1 Eliphaz is speaking as if Job literally considered the **consolations of God** to be **small** in size. He means that Job does not appear to consider them significant. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Do you consider the consolations of God to be insignificant” or “You seem to consider the consolations of God to be insignificant”
|
||||
15:11 w8rr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion הַמְעַ֣ט מִ֭מְּךָ תַּנְחֻמ֣וֹת אֵ֑ל וְ֝דָבָ֗ר לָאַ֥ט עִמָּֽךְ 1 Eliphaz is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. Alternate translation: “You seem to consider the consolations of God to be too small for you. You seem to feel the same way about a word spoken in gentleness to you.”
|
||||
15:11 j458 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor הַמְעַ֣ט מִ֭מְּךָ תַּנְחֻמ֣וֹת אֵ֑ל 1 Eliphaz is speaking as if Job literally considered the **consolations of God** to be **small** in size. He means that Job does not appear to consider them significant. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Do you consider the consolations of God to be insignificant for you” or “You seem to consider the consolations of God to be insignificant for you”
|
||||
15:11 lg22 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns תַּנְחֻמ֣וֹת אֵ֑ל 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **consolations**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “Is what God is doing to comfort you”
|
||||
15:11 j459 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וְ֝דָבָ֗ר לָאַ֥ט עִמָּֽךְ 1 Job is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You can supply these words from the context if that would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “or is a word in gentleness to you too small for you”
|
||||
15:11 j460 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְ֝דָבָ֗ר לָאַ֥ט עִמָּֽךְ 1 Eliphaz is using the term **word** to mean what he and the other friends have been saying to Job by using words. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “or what we have been telling you in gentleness”
|
||||
15:11 j461 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns וְ֝דָבָ֗ר לָאַ֥ט עִמָּֽךְ 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **gentleness**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “or what we have been telling you gently”
|
||||
15:11 j462 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְ֝דָבָ֗ר לָאַ֥ט עִמָּֽךְ 1 It may not seem that Job’s friends have been speaking to him **in gentleness**. Eliphaz has just said that he is wicked and guilty, and the other friends have said similar things. Eliphaz could mean: (1) that he and the other friends have been trying to speak to Job as gently as they could. Alternate translation: “or words that your friends have been speaking to you as gently as they could” (2) that given Job’s apparent disregard for God’s consolations, he and the other friends have been too gentle with Job. It may be helpful to begin a new sentence here. Alternate translation: “Perhaps we need to speak even more sternly to you!”
|
||||
15:12 j463 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion מַה־יִּקָּחֲךָ֥ לִבֶּ֑ךָ וּֽמַה־יִּרְזְמ֥וּן עֵינֶֽיךָ 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. (This is the beginning of a sentence that Eliphaz completes in the next verse.) Alternate translation: “Your heart should not carry you away and your eyes should not flash”
|
||||
15:12 j463 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion מַה־יִּקָּחֲךָ֥ לִבֶּ֑ךָ וּֽמַה־יִּרְזְמ֥וּן עֵינֶֽיךָ 1 Eliphaz is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. (This is the beginning of a sentence that Eliphaz completes in the next verse.) Alternate translation: “Your heart should not carry you away and your eyes should not flash”
|
||||
15:12 bbd3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification מַה־יִּקָּחֲךָ֥ לִבֶּ֑ךָ 1 Eliphaz is speaking of Job’s **heart** as if it were a living thing that could **carry** him **away**. He is using Job’s heart to represent his emotions. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Why are you allowing yourself to become so emotional” or, as a statement, “You should not allow yourself to become so emotional”
|
||||
15:12 c87r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וּֽמַה־יִּרְזְמ֥וּן עֵינֶֽיךָ 1 Eliphaz is speaking of anger by association with the way that the **eyes** of a person who is angery will appear to **flash** or give off light. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and why are you so angry” or as a statement, “and you should not be so angry”
|
||||
15:12 c87r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וּֽמַה־יִּרְזְמ֥וּן עֵינֶֽיךָ 1 Eliphaz is speaking of anger by association with the way that the **eyes** of a person who is angry will appear to **flash** or give off light. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and why are you so angry” or as a statement, “and you should not be so angry”
|
||||
15:13 q3sz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche כִּֽי־תָשִׁ֣יב אֶל־אֵ֣ל רוּחֶ֑ךָ 1 Eliphaz is using one part of Job, his **spirit**, to mean all of him in the act of turning against God. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “that you turn yourself against God”
|
||||
15:13 v2f5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְהֹצֵ֖אתָ מִפִּ֣יךָ מִלִּֽין 1 Eliphaz is using the term **words** to mean what Job has been saying by using words and the term **mouth** to mean speaking. He is suggesting that the things Job has been saying are inappropriate. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and say such inappropriate things”
|
||||
15:14 n6c7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion מָֽה־אֱנ֥וֹשׁ כִּֽי־יִזְכֶּ֑ה וְכִֽי־יִ֝צְדַּ֗ק יְל֣וּד אִשָּֽׁה 1 Eliphaz is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. Alternate translation: “Man cannot be clean! No, one born of a woman cannot be righteous!”
|
||||
|
|
@ -1128,10 +1128,10 @@ front:intro u3jc 0 # Introduction to Job\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n
|
|||
15:20 q88x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מִתְחוֹלֵ֑ל 1 Eliphaz means implicitly that a wicked person will be **writhing** in pain because God will be punishing him for his sin. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “he is writhing in pain from God’s punishments”
|
||||
15:20 s474 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וּמִסְפַּ֥ר שָׁ֝נִ֗ים נִצְפְּנ֥וּ לֶעָרִֽיץ 1 Eliphaz is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You can supply these words from the context if that would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “and the number of years that he must suffer punishment for his own sins, they are reserved for the oppressor”
|
||||
15:20 caz3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive נִצְפְּנ֥וּ 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “God has reserved them”
|
||||
15:21 fj8p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy קוֹל־פְּחָדִ֥ים בְּאָזְנָ֑יו 1 Eliphaz is using the term **ears** by association to mean hearing, and by saying that the wicked person hears **the sound of terrors**, Eliphaz means by association that he experiences those terrors. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “He experiences terrible things”
|
||||
15:21 fj8p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy קוֹל־פְּחָדִ֥ים בְּאָזְנָ֑יו 1 Eliphaz is using the term **ears** by association to mean hearing. By saying that the wicked person hears **the sound of terrors**, Eliphaz means by association that he experiences those terrors. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “He experiences terrible things”
|
||||
15:21 j475 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בַּ֝שָּׁל֗וֹם 1 The word translated **prosperity** can also mean “peace.” Eliphaz could be describing: (1) how wicked people may become prosperous for a time. Alternate translation: “though he may become prosperous,” (2) how wicked people may enjoy peace for a time. Alternate translation: “just when he is at peace,”
|
||||
15:21 j476 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification שׁוֹדֵ֥ד יְבוֹאֶֽנּוּ 1 Eliphaz is describing how the wicked experience the destruction and loss of their property, and he is speaking of that destruction as if it were a living thing that **comes upon** the wicked. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “his property is suddenly destroyed” or “he suddenly loses his property”
|
||||
15:22 i3pk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לֹא־יַאֲמִ֣ין שׁ֭וּב מִנִּי־חֹ֑שֶׁךְ 1 Eliphaz is speaking as if this wicked person has literally gone to a place where there is **darkness** and that he does not believe he can **return** from there. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “He does not believe that his troubles will ever end”
|
||||
15:22 i3pk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לֹא־יַאֲמִ֣ין שׁ֭וּב מִנִּי־חֹ֑שֶׁךְ 1 Eliphaz is speaking as if this wicked person has literally gone to a place where there is **darkness** and does not believe he can **return** from there. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “He does not believe that his troubles will ever end”
|
||||
15:22 j477 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives לֹא־יַאֲמִ֣ין שׁ֭וּב מִנִּי־חֹ֑שֶׁךְ 1 If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this with a positive expression. Alternate translation: “He believes that he will always have troubles”
|
||||
15:22 j478 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְצָפ֖וּי ה֣וּא אֱלֵי־חָֽרֶב\n \n\n 1 It is possible that this second part of the verse also describes what wicked people **believe**. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “and he is afraid that he is selected for the sword”
|
||||
15:22 j479 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְצָפ֖וּי ה֣וּא אֱלֵי־חָֽרֶב\n \n 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and God has selected him for the sword” or “and God has determined that someone will kill him with a sword”
|
||||
|
|
@ -1145,14 +1145,14 @@ front:intro u3jc 0 # Introduction to Job\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n
|
|||
15:24 e7mb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification יְֽ֭בַעֲתֻהוּ צַ֣ר וּמְצוּקָ֑ה 1 Eliphaz is speaking of **Distress** and **anguish** as if they were living things that could **terrify** a wicked person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “He is so afraid of what is going to happen to him that he continually feels distress and anguish”
|
||||
15:24 vur7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet יְֽ֭בַעֲתֻהוּ צַ֣ר וּמְצוּקָ֑ה 1 The terms **Distress** and **anguish** mean similar things. Eliphaz is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “Great distress terrifies him” or “He is so afraid of what is going to happen to him that he continually feels great distress”
|
||||
15:24 tg34 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns תִּ֝תְקְפֵ֗הוּ 1 The pronoun **it** refers to **Distress and anguish**. Eliphaz is speaking of these two similar things as if they were one thing. Your language may permit you to do that in your translation. Alternatively, it may be more natural in your language to use a plural pronoun. Alternate translation: “they overpower him”
|
||||
15:25 uuk8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom נָטָ֣ה אֶל־אֵ֣ל יָד֑וֹ 1 This expression means to attack a person, the implication being that someone has **stretched out** a **hand** that is holding a sword or some other weapon to use against that person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “he has fought against God”
|
||||
15:25 uuk8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom נָטָ֣ה אֶל־אֵ֣ל יָד֑וֹ 1 This expression, **stretched out his hand against**, means to attack a person. The implication is that someone has **stretched out** a **hand** that is holding a sword or some other weapon to use against that person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “he has fought against God”
|
||||
15:26 sx7v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יָר֣וּץ אֵלָ֣יו בְּצַוָּ֑אר בַּ֝עֲבִ֗י גַּבֵּ֥י מָֽגִנָּֽיו 1 Eliphaz is speaking as if a wicked person would literally attack God in this way. He is actually making a comparison to describe the arrogant confidence with which a wicked person defies God. If it would be clearer in your language, you could express this as a comparison rather than as a literal statement. Alternate translation: “He opposes God as if he were a warrior arrogantly attacking God, confident that his thick shield would protect him”
|
||||
15:26 j483 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns יָר֣וּץ אֵלָ֣יו 1 The pronoun **He** refers to the wicked person, while the pronoun **him** refers to God. It may be helpful to clarify this for your readers. Alternate translation: “The wicked person rushes against God”
|
||||
15:26 j484 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom בְּצַוָּ֑אר 1 This expression refers to the attitude of someone who is holding his neck straight and his head high, displaying arrogant confidence with his posture. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “arrogantly”
|
||||
15:26 b87u rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown בַּ֝עֲבִ֗י גַּבֵּ֥י מָֽגִנָּֽיו 1 The word “boss” describes the outwardly rounded part of a shield. A warrior would face this part of the shield against an enemy, holding the shield by a handle inside the boss. If a shield had a thick boss, that would protect the warrior against blows from swords and spears, and it would also allow a warrior to use the shield to knock an opponent down and pin him to the ground. If your readers would not be familiar with what **bosses** of **shields** are, in your translation you could use a general expression. Alternate translation: “confident that he can use his thick shield to protect himself and attack his opponent”
|
||||
15:26 db71 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony בַּ֝עֲבִ֗י 1 Eliphaz speaks in this verse of the **thickness* of the shield that the wicked person would use against God, but in the next verse he indicates that the wicked person is actually “fat” and so not in shape physically for combat. So while Eliphaz seems to suggest here that the wicked person is a formidable foe, he actually means the opposite of what he is saying, as the next verse reveals. To help your readers recognize this, if your language has a word that can mean both “thick” and “fat,” it would be appropriate to use that word here in your translation.
|
||||
15:26 j485 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-plural גַּבֵּ֥י מָֽגִנָּֽיו 1 By using the plural forms **bosses** and **shields**, Eliphaz seems to be portraying the wicked person as if he were an army or as if he were commanding an army. It may be more natural in your language to use singular forms. Alternate translation: “the boss of his shield”
|
||||
15:27 uc39 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche כִּֽי־כִסָּ֣ה פָנָ֣יו בְּחֶלְבּ֑וֹ וַיַּ֖עַשׂ פִּימָ֣ה עֲלֵי־כָֽסֶל 1 Eliphaz is using two parts of the wicked person, his **face** and his **flanks**, to indicate that his whole body is obese. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “he is very fat”
|
||||
15:27 uc39 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche כִּֽי־כִסָּ֣ה פָנָ֣יו בְּחֶלְבּ֑וֹ וַיַּ֖עַשׂ פִּימָ֣ה עֲלֵי־כָֽסֶל 1 Eliphaz is using two parts of the wicked person, his **face** and his **flanks**, to indicate that his whole body is obese. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “though he is very fat”
|
||||
15:27 j486 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כִּֽי־כִסָּ֣ה פָנָ֣יו בְּחֶלְבּ֑וֹ וַיַּ֖עַשׂ פִּימָ֣ה עֲלֵי־כָֽסֶל 1 The implication is that the wicked person has a **face** that is **fat** and **flanks** that have **blubber** because he overeats and lives indolently. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “he is very fat because he eats too much and lives a lazy life”
|
||||
15:28 ki37 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases וַיִּשְׁכּ֤וֹן 1 Eliphaz is using the word **And** to describe what happens to the wicked after he unsuccessfully opposes God. In the previous verse, Eliphaz was describing the former prosperity of the wicked person. In this verse, he is describing what happens to the wicked person after he loses his prosperity. The implication may be that the wicked person needs to live in abandoned places not only because he is poor but also because he is an outcast, that is, because others have rejected him. Alternate translation: “Then he becomes poor and outcast, and so”
|
||||
15:29 r891 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְלֹא־יָק֣וּם חֵיל֑וֹ 1 See how you translated the term **stand** in [14:2](../14/02.md). Alternate translation: “and his wealth will not remain”
|
||||
|
|
@ -1171,9 +1171,9 @@ front:intro u3jc 0 # Introduction to Job\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n
|
|||
15:33 g676 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification יַחְמֹ֣ס כַּגֶּ֣פֶן בִּסְר֑וֹ וְיַשְׁלֵ֥ךְ כַּ֝זַּ֗יִת נִצָּתֽוֹ 1 Eliphaz speaks as if the grapevine itself would **shake off** its grapes and as if the olive tree itself would **cast off** its blossoms. He means that the grapes will drop from the vine and the blossoms will fall off the tree. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “He will be like a grapevine whose grapes drop off and an olive tree whose blossoms fall off”
|
||||
15:34 rr5n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj חָנֵ֣ף 1 Eliphaz is using the adjective **godless** as a noun to mean a certain group of people. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you can translate this word with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “godless people”
|
||||
15:34 j492 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor גַּלְמ֑וּד 1 This could mean: (1) that godless people literally will have no children or that they will have no children who survive them. Alternate translation: “will have no children who survive them” (2) that godless people will produce nothing of enduring value, as if they had no descendants. Alternate translation: “will produce nothing of enduring value”
|
||||
15:34 v3q1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ֝אֵ֗שׁ אָכְלָ֥ה אָֽהֳלֵי־שֹֽׁחַד 1 Eliphaz is speaking as if **fire** would literally devour or eat up these tents. He means that fire would destroy them. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and fire destroys the tents of bribery”
|
||||
15:34 v3q1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ֝אֵ֗שׁ אָכְלָ֥ה אָֽהֳלֵי־שֹֽׁחַד 1 Eliphaz is speaking as if **fire** would literally devour or eat up these **tents**. He means that fire would destroy them. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and fire destroys the tents of bribery”
|
||||
15:34 x22k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְ֝אֵ֗שׁ אָכְלָ֥ה אָֽהֳלֵי־שֹֽׁחַד 1 Eliphaz is using the term **bribery** by association to mean people who pay and demand bribes. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and fire destroys the tents of people who engage in bribery”
|
||||
15:34 j493 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ֝אֵ֗שׁ אָכְלָ֥ה אָֽהֳלֵי־שֹֽׁחַד 1 Eliphaz is speaking as if the **tents** in which people engaged in **bribery** live will literally burn up in a **fire**. He means that they will be destroyed by one means or another. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and the tents of people who engage in bribery will be destroyed”
|
||||
15:34 j493 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ֝אֵ֗שׁ אָכְלָ֥ה אָֽהֳלֵי־שֹֽׁחַד 1 Eliphaz is speaking as if the **tents** in which live people engaged in **bribery** will literally burn up in a **fire**. He means that they will be destroyed by one means or another. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and the tents of people who engage in bribery will be destroyed”
|
||||
15:34 j494 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche וְ֝אֵ֗שׁ אָכְלָ֥ה אָֽהֳלֵי־שֹֽׁחַד 1 Eliphaz is using one possession of wicked people, the **tents** in which they live, to mean all of their possessions and their standing in the community. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. See how you translated the similar expression in [8:22](../08/22.md). Alternate translation: “and those who practice bribery will be without status or means”
|
||||
15:35 u7sb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor הָרֹ֣ה עָ֭מָל וְיָ֣לֹד אָ֑וֶן וּ֝בִטְנָ֗ם תָּכִ֥ין מִרְמָֽה 1 Eliphaz is speaking as if wicked people were literally women who had **trouble**, **iniquity**, and **deceit** as their children. He means that wicked people produce these things in their lives. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “They think of bad things to do and they do wicked things, yes, they intentionally deceive others”
|
||||
16:intro j3zc 0 # Job 16 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThe ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is Job’s response to Eliphaz.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Job’s response\nJob expresses shock and disgust at the advice Eliphaz gives to him. He even mocks Eliphaz. He describes the difficulties of his circumstances but never curses Yahweh. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]])\n\n### Advocate\n\nJob describes the need for someone to intercede for him in heaven. This person would be his advocate and provide a witness for him. Although this is probably not intended as a prophecy, it closely parallels the way Jesus intercedes for people in heaven. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/intercede]], [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/testimony]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
Can't render this file because it is too large.
|
|
|
@ -63,9 +63,8 @@ front:intro axt4 0 # Introduction to Malachi\n\n## Part 1: General Introducti
|
|||
2:3 vsb2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְזֵרִ֤יתִי פֶ֨רֶשׁ֙ עַל־פְּנֵיכֶ֔ם 1 Here **dung on your faces** stands for disgrace. Alternate translation: “I will most certainly put you in deep disgrace; it will be as bad as if I had spread dung on your faces”
|
||||
2:3 skc9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy פֶּ֖רֶשׁ חַגֵּיכֶ֑ם 1 Here **festivals** stands for the animals that the priests offered in sacrifice at the Israelite festivals. “The dung” probably refers both to the dung that was produced by the animals just before they were slaughtered for sacrifice, and to the dung that was found inside the animals when their bodies were cut apart before being sacrificed. Temple workers had to transport this dung to a place outside of the temple, and probably outside of Jerusalem.
|
||||
2:3 m2bs rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְנָשָׂ֥א אֶתְכֶ֖ם אֵלָֽיו 1 This difficult expression can be translated as “God will take you away with it,” that is, with the dung. This expression continues the same metaphor of slaughtering animals for sacrifice, and it can be put in active form. Alternate translation: “they will throw you on the dung pile; God will make sure that they take you away when they remove all the dung”
|
||||
2:3 zti7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְנָשָׂ֥א אֶתְכֶ֖ם אֵלָֽיו 1 This could mean: (1) God will punish the unfaithful priests by killing them and causing their bodies to be carried away on the piles of animal dung, or (2) God will punish the unfaithful priests in such a horrible way that it will be as if their bodies had been carried away with the animal dung.
|
||||
2:4 cr4j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לֵוִ֔י 1 Here **Levi** represents his descendants, the tribe of Levi. Alternate translation: “so that my covenant may be with you, the descendants of Levi”
|
||||
2:5 x7pv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 # General Information:\n\nYahweh speaks of the tribe of Levi as though they are Levi.
|
||||
2:5 x7pv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Yahweh speaks of the tribe of Levi as though they are Levi.
|
||||
2:5 t8fs rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בְּרִיתִ֣י ׀ הָיְתָ֣ה אִתּ֗וֹ הַֽחַיִּים֙ וְהַ֨שָּׁל֔וֹם 1 Here the intended results of the **covenant** are spoken of as if they were the covenant itself. Alternate translation: “The purpose of my covenant with Levi was for the priests to live in prosperity and peace”
|
||||
2:5 f2if rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis מוֹרָ֖א וַיִּֽירָאֵ֑נִי 1 This expression continues the same metaphor, but leaves out an idea that is implied in the text. This can begin a new sentence. Alternate translation: “My covenant with him was also fear, and he feared me” or “In my covenant with him, I required him to fear me, and he did fear me”
|
||||
2:5 td35 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy שְׁמִ֖י 1 Here **my name** stands for God himself.
|
||||
|
|
@ -79,7 +78,6 @@ front:intro axt4 0 # Introduction to Malachi\n\n## Part 1: General Introducti
|
|||
2:7 sp8u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy מִפִּ֑יהוּ 1 Here **mouth** stands for what a person says.
|
||||
2:8 si1s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְאַתֶּם֙ סַרְתֶּ֣ם מִן־הַדֶּ֔רֶךְ 1 The right **way** to behave is spoken of as if it were the right path to follow, and abandoning right conduct is spoken of as if it were turning away from that path.
|
||||
2:8 um6v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor הִכְשַׁלְתֶּ֥ם רַבִּ֖ים 1 Disobeying God is spoken of as if it were stumbling.
|
||||
2:8 j9xs הִכְשַׁלְתֶּ֥ם רַבִּ֖ים בַּתּוֹרָ֑ה 1 The expression **by your instruction** gives the context for the “stumbling.” Alternate translation: “You have caused many to disobey the law”
|
||||
2:9 gx4a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לְכָל־הָעָ֑ם 1 This spatial idea stands for the people’s awareness of the priests’ evil behavior.
|
||||
2:9 wq7p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אֵֽינְכֶם֙ שֹׁמְרִ֣ים אֶת־דְּרָכַ֔י 1 Here **ways** stands for “desires” and “behavior.” These ways are spoken of as if they were things that could be kept by people. Alternate translation: “you have not followed my desires in how you should live”
|
||||
2:9 z4gm וְנֹשְׂאִ֥ים פָּנִ֖ים בַּתּוֹרָֽה 1 Alternate translation: “but have set easy standards of behavior for people you like and difficult standards of behavior for people you do not like”
|
||||
|
|
@ -109,7 +107,6 @@ front:intro axt4 0 # Introduction to Malachi\n\n## Part 1: General Introducti
|
|||
2:14 mz1q rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background וְהִ֥יא חֲבֶרְתְּךָ֖ וְאֵ֥שֶׁת בְּרִיתֶֽךָ 1 This statement implies that many of the Israelites had divorced their wives.
|
||||
2:14 txe1 וְאֵ֥שֶׁת בְּרִיתֶֽךָ 1 Alternate translation: “and your wife by the covenant of marriage that you agreed to”
|
||||
2:15 x1gi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion וְלֹא־אֶחָ֣ד עָשָׂ֗ה וּשְׁאָ֥ר ר֨וּחַ֙ ל֔וֹ 1 If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “He certainly made husband and wife one, with a portion of his spirit.”
|
||||
2:15 qfl1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background וְלֹא־אֶחָ֣ד עָשָׂ֗ה 1 This expression implies making husband and wife one flesh. Alternate translation: “Did God not make husband and wife one flesh”
|
||||
2:15 i3ny זֶ֣רַע אֱלֹהִ֑ים 1 Children who would honor and obey God.
|
||||
2:16 hp7z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns שָׂנֵ֣א שַׁלַּ֗ח 1 Here **divorce** stands for the act of divorce, when a man sends away his wife, so as to end his marriage to her. Alternate translation: “I hate it when a man divorces his wife”
|
||||
2:16 ly2g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְכִסָּ֤ה חָמָס֙ עַל־לְבוּשׁ֔וֹ 1 This phrase probably means any man who is violent toward his wife.
|
||||
|
|
@ -124,8 +121,6 @@ front:intro axt4 0 # Introduction to Malachi\n\n## Part 1: General Introducti
|
|||
3:1 zeq2 0 # General Information:\n\nYahweh begins speaking again to the people of Israel in verse 1, but the prophet Malachi begins speaking in verse 2.
|
||||
3:1 v6se הִנְנִ֤י 1 Alternate translation: “Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
|
||||
3:1 j5pe rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּפִנָּה־דֶ֖רֶךְ לְפָנָ֑י 1 Here getting people ready to welcome Yahweh is spoken of as if a road were being cleared for Yahweh to travel on.
|
||||
3:1 d1j7 הָאָד֣וֹן ׀ אֲשֶׁר־אַתֶּ֣ם מְבַקְשִׁ֗ים וּמַלְאַ֨ךְ הַבְּרִ֜ית אֲשֶׁר־אַתֶּ֤ם חֲפֵצִים֙ 1 Some modern versions translate this in a way that implies that these two expressions refer to the same person. Other modern versions leave this matter ambiguous. We recommend that translations leave this matter ambiguous, as the ULT and UST do.
|
||||
3:1 w8yf וּמַלְאַ֨ךְ הַבְּרִ֜ית 1 Almost all versions leave ambiguous the sense of this expression. But translators may need to make explicit the relationship between “messenger” and “the covenant.” The UST presents “the messenger” as one promised by the covenant that Yahweh had with Israel. Another choice is to present the messenger as a person who will either confirm that covenant or announce a new covenant.
|
||||
3:2 f24j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion וּמִ֤י מְכַלְכֵּל֙ אֶת־י֣וֹם בּוֹא֔וֹ וּמִ֥י הָעֹמֵ֖ד בְּהֵרָֽאוֹת֑וֹ 1 These rhetorical questions imply that no one will be able to resist Yahweh when he comes. They can be combined into one statement. Alternate translation: “However, no one will be able to resist Yahweh when he comes to judge them.”
|
||||
3:2 phd6 אֶת־י֣וֹם בּוֹא֔וֹ 1 Here “day” stands for “time.” Alternate translation: “the time when he comes”
|
||||
3:2 z2xe rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor הָעֹמֵ֖ד 1 Here standing represents resisting someone’s attack or accusations.
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
Can't render this file because it contains an unexpected character in line 38 and column 139.
|
218
tn_PRO.tsv
218
tn_PRO.tsv
|
|
@ -2153,74 +2153,123 @@ front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
|
|||
17:28 a5qc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מַ֭חֲרִישׁ 1 This phrase refers to someone who refrains from speaking unnecessarily. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “who does not speak unnecessarily”
|
||||
17:28 q1jm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive יֵחָשֵׁ֑ב 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “people will consider to be”
|
||||
17:28 ps9h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy אֹטֵ֖ם שְׂפָתָ֣יו 1 Here, Solomon refers to someone who refrains from speaking unnecessarily as if that person **shuts his lips**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “one who does not speak unnecessarily”
|
||||
18:intro k5qz 0 # Proverbs 18 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nChapter 18 continues the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Themes\n\nThere are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])
|
||||
18:1 n34r isolates himself 0 Alternate translation: “keeps away from other people”
|
||||
18:1 vun3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification quarrels with all sound judgment 0 This speaks of a person disagreeing with sound judgment as if “sound judgment” were a person he fought with. Alternate translation: “he disagrees with all sound judgment”
|
||||
18:1 r3yq sound judgment 0 Alternate translation: “good judgment” or “wise choices”
|
||||
18:2 u731 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes A fool finds no pleasure in understanding, but only 0 “A fool does not care about understanding, but only about” This means the fool considers “understanding” the opposite of pleasure. Alternate translation: “A fool detests understanding and only finds pleasure in”
|
||||
18:2 ey4y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit but only in revealing what is in his own heart 0 This means that the fool only finds pleasure in telling other people what he feels and desires in his heart. Alternate translation: “but only in telling others what is in his own heart”
|
||||
18:2 yp8r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy what is in his own heart 0 The contents of a person’s heart refers to the person’s thoughts and feelings. Alternate translation: “what he thinks”
|
||||
18:3 fw1y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification contempt comes with him—along with shame and reproach 0 Here “contempt,” “shame,” and “reproach” are spoken of as if they are people who accompany a wicked man. This could mean: (1) people show contempt towards the wicked man and cause him to feel shame and reproach. Alternate translation: “people feel contempt for him along with shame and reproach” or (2) the wicked man shows contempt for others and causes them to feel shame and reproach. Alternate translation: “he shows his contempt for other people and causes them to feel shame and reproach”
|
||||
18:3 ps5e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet shame and reproach 0 These two words have similar meaning and are used together to emphasize the “shame” felt by either the wicked man or other people.
|
||||
18:4 izv2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism The words of a man’s mouth are deep waters; & the fountain of wisdom is a flowing stream 0 These two lines are parallel and it is implied that the man in the first line is a wise man. Alternate translation: “The words of a wise man’s mouth are deep waters; … the fountain of wisdom is a flowing stream” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
18:4 nv82 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor The words of a man’s mouth are deep waters 0 This speaks of a wise man’s words being profound as if they were profound and as deep as deep waters. Alternate translation: “The words of a man’s mouth are as profound as deep waters” or “The words of a man’s mouth are deep and profound”
|
||||
18:4 mk4j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche a man’s mouth 0 Here the man is referred to by his mouth to emphasize what he says. Alternate translation: “of a man”
|
||||
18:4 mn87 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor the fountain of wisdom is a flowing stream 0 This speaks of the source of wisdom being plentiful as if it were a gushing spring. The gushing of the spring is spoken of as if it were a flowing stream. Alternate translation: “the source of wisdom is as plentiful as the water of a gushing spring”
|
||||
18:5 fi7d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes It is not good to … to the righteous person 0 These phrases can be written in positive form. Alternate translation: “It is good to treat the wicked person as he deserves, and to be just to the righteous person”
|
||||
18:6 p2qv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche A fool’s lips bring 0 Here the fool is referred to by his “lips” to emphasize what he says. Alternate translation: “what a fool says brings”
|
||||
18:6 w2xd bring 0 Alternate translation: “cause”
|
||||
18:6 zxu7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor his mouth invites a beating 0 This speaks of the fool saying things that cause people to want to beat him as if he were inviting them to beat him. Alternate translation: “his mouth makes people want to beat him”
|
||||
18:6 z4ii rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy his mouth 0 Here what the fool says is referred to as his “mouth.” Alternate translation: “what he says”
|
||||
18:7 iwj7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy A fool’s mouth … with his lips 0 Both of these phrases refer to what a fool says. Alternate translation: “What a fool says … by what he says”
|
||||
18:7 v6hu is his ruin 0 Alternate translation: “will ruin him”
|
||||
18:7 e4r4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor he ensnares himself 0 This speaks of the man causing problems and trouble for himself as if he were trapping himself like a man traps an animal. Alternate translation: “he will cause problems for himself”
|
||||
18:8 iu3y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile The words of a gossip are like delicious morsels 0 This speaks of the words of a gossip being desirable to listen to as if they were delicious food to eat. Alternate translation: “The words of a gossip are desirable to listen to” or
|
||||
18:8 vd95 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession The words of a gossip 0 This refers to what a gossiping person says. Alternate translation: “The words that a gossiping person speaks”
|
||||
18:8 lms4 morsels 0 small bites of food
|
||||
18:8 mr15 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor they go down into the inner parts of the body 0 This speaks of the words of a gossip going into a person’s mind and affecting his thoughts as if they were food that was going into his stomach. Alternate translation: “and they enter a person’s mind and affect his thoughts”
|
||||
18:9 uih2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor one who is slack in his work is a brother to the one who destroys 0 This speaks of the one who is slack being similar to the one who destroys as if they were actually related. Alternate translation: “is closely related to” or “is very similar to”
|
||||
18:9 i66j is slack 0 Alternate translation: “is lazy” or “is not interested”
|
||||
18:9 mch5 the one who destroys the most 0 Alternate translation: “the one who destroys everything” or “the one who is always destructive”
|
||||
18:10 ktq8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor The name of Yahweh is a strong tower 0 This speaks of Yahweh protecting his people as if he were a strong tower in which they could take refuge. Alternate translation: “Yahweh protects like a strong tower” or “Yahweh protects his people like a strong tower”
|
||||
18:10 f4nm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy The name of Yahweh 0 Here Yahweh is referred to by his name. Alternate translation: “Yahweh”
|
||||
18:10 dtz5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj the righteous 0 This refers to righteous people. Alternate translation: “those who are righteous” or “righteous people”
|
||||
18:10 gkx2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor runs into it and is safe 0 This speaks of people seeking safety from Yahweh and Yahweh protecting them as if he were a strong tower that they ran into for safety. Alternate translation: “run to him and they are safe” or “seek him and they are safe”
|
||||
18:11 vhu8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor The wealth of the rich is his fortified city 0 This speaks of a rich person depending on his wealth as if his wealth were a fortified wall that protects him. Alternate translation: “The wealthy person depends on his wealth as a city depends on its fortified wall”
|
||||
18:11 bgq7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj the rich 0 This refers to people who are rich. Alternate translation: “the rich person”
|
||||
18:11 tz4b fortified city 0 a city with strong defenses like walls and towers
|
||||
18:11 kei5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile in his imagination it is like a high wall 0 This speaks of the rich person believing his wealth will keep him safe like a high wall keeps those inside a city safe. Alternate translation: “he thinks it protects him as well as a high wall”
|
||||
18:12 r28e Before his downfall a person’s heart is proud 0 Alternate translation: “First a person’s heart is proud, but then comes his downfall”
|
||||
18:12 uet1 downfall 0 This refers to a significant decline in a person’s reputation or health.
|
||||
18:12 t2l5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche a person’s heart 0 Here a person is referred to by his heart to emphasize his thoughts and feelings. Alternate translation: “a person”
|
||||
18:12 dy4x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns humility comes before honor 0 The word “humility” may be expressed as an adjective and the word “honor” may be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “a person must be humble before he can be honored”
|
||||
18:13 cj6q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns it is his folly and shame 0 The abstract nouns “folly” and “shame” may be expressed as adjectives. Alternate translation: “it is foolish of him, and he should be ashamed”
|
||||
18:14 jnm1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche A person’s spirit will survive sickness 0 Here a person is referred to by his spirit to emphasize his attitude. Alternate translation: “A person who is hopeful will survive sickness” or “If a person is full of hope in his inner being, he will survive being sick”
|
||||
18:14 v3f4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion but a broken spirit who can bear it? 0 This is a rhetorical question, expecting the answer that few can bear it. If your readers would misunderstand this question, you can express it as a statement. Alternate translation: “but it is very hard to bear a broken spirit.”
|
||||
18:14 b1vb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom a broken spirit 0 This refers to being depressed. Alternate translation: “being depressed”
|
||||
18:15 e4fm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche The heart of the intelligent acquires 0 Here the intelligent person is referred to by his heart to emphasize his desires. Alternate translation: “The intelligent desire to acquire”
|
||||
18:15 p7l8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj the intelligent 0 This refers to people who are intelligent. Alternate translation: “those who are intelligent” or “intelligent people”
|
||||
18:15 ptl8 acquires 0 Alternate translation: “gains” or “obtains”
|
||||
18:15 xwh7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the hearing of the wise seeks it out 0 Here the wise person is referred to by his hearing to emphasize what he desires to listen to. Alternate translation: “the wise seeks to learn about it”
|
||||
18:15 a1ba rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj the wise 0 This refers to people who are wise. Alternate translation: “those who are wise” or “wise people”
|
||||
18:15 enq3 seeks it out 0 Here the word “it” refers to “knowledge”
|
||||
18:16 zkj3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom may open the way 0 Here to “open the way” means to create an opportunity. Alternate translation: “may create an opportunity for him”
|
||||
18:16 wr8f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom bring him before 0 This means to be allowed to see someone. Alternate translation: “let him meet” or “let him be introduced to”
|
||||
18:17 ct71 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal The first to plead his case 0 This refers to the person who pleads his case before his opponent pleads his case. Alternate translation: “The first person to plead his case” or “The person who pleads his case first” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
18:18 qs89 Casting the lot 0 Alternate translation: “Casting lots”
|
||||
18:18 n3hk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit separates strong opponents 0 This refers to people who are fighting harshly over a dispute. When they are separated, they are no longer fighting over their dispute. Alternate translation: “causes opponents to stop fighting over their dispute”
|
||||
18:19 dcj5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor An offended brother is harder to be won than a strong city 0 This speaks of the difficulty of making peace with a brother you have offended by comparing it to the difficulty of winning a war against a strong city. Alternate translation: “If you offend your brother, finding a way to have peace with him again may be harder than waging a battle to win a city”
|
||||
18:19 zq5y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile quarreling is like the bars of a castle 0 This speaks of the difficulty of resolving quarreling by comparing it to the difficulty of breaking down the bars of a castle. Alternate translation: “resolving quarreling is as difficult as breaking down the bars of a castle”
|
||||
18:19 ef13 castle 0 a fortified palace
|
||||
18:20 qaf4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism From the fruit of his mouth one’s stomach is filled; with the harvest of his lips he is satisfied 0 These two lines have the same meaning and are used together to emphasize what is said. They can be combined. Alternate translation: “A person is satisfied by the results of the good things that he says”
|
||||
18:20 h4tr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor the fruit of his mouth 0 This speaks of the good things that a person says as if they were fruit that came from his mouth. Alternate translation: “his wise speech” or “his good words”
|
||||
18:20 p1z6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor one’s stomach is filled 0 This speaks of a person being satisfied or content by the result of what they have said as if they had eaten and become satisfied” Alternate translation: “a person is satisfied”
|
||||
18:20 r4ee rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the harvest of his lips 0 This speaks of the good things that a person says as if they were fruit that is harvested. Alternate translation: “his wise speech” or “his good words”
|
||||
18:20 x66t he is satisfied 0 Alternate translation: “he is pleased”
|
||||
18:21 flt4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive Death and life are controlled by the tongue 0 This can be written in active form. Alternate translation: “The tongue can lead to life of death” or “What people say can lead to life or death”
|
||||
18:21 n65f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy by the tongue … love the tongue 0 Here the “tongue” refers to speech. Alternate translation: “by what people say … love speaking”
|
||||
18:21 l141 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor will eat its fruit 0 This speaks of a person receiving the consequence for what he says as if the consequences were fruit that he receives. Alternate translation: “will receive its consequences”
|
||||
18:24 wg3n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive many friends is brought to ruin by them 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “many friends--they will bring him to ruin” or “many friends--his friends will destroy him”
|
||||
18:24 zc7f comes closer than 0 Alternate translation: “is more faithful than” or “stays more loyal than”
|
||||
18:intro k5qz 0 # Proverbs 18 General Notes\n\nChapter 18 continues the section of the book written by Solomon that is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Parallelism\n\nChapters 16–22 mostly contain proverbs in which the second of two parallel clauses completes, emphasizes, or qualifies the idea of the first clause. Chapter 18 also contains contrasting parallelism ([18:2](../18/02.md), [12](../18/12.md), [14](../18/14.md), [23](../18/23.md), [24](../18/24.md)) and parallelism in which both clauses have the same meaning for emphasis ([18:7](../18/07.md), [15](../18/15.md), [20](../18/20.md)). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
18:1 y10d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun לְֽ֭תַאֲוָה יְבַקֵּ֣שׁ נִפְרָ֑ד & יִתְגַּלָּֽע 1 **One who separates himself** and **he** refer to a type of person in general, not a specific person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “People who separate themselves seek for desire … those people break out”
|
||||
18:1 n34r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit נִפְרָ֑ד 1 Here, Solomon implies that this person **separates himself** from other people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “One who keeps away from other people”
|
||||
18:1 debc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לְֽ֭תַאֲוָה יְבַקֵּ֣שׁ 1 Here, Solomon implies that this person **seeks** to fulfill his own **desire**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “seeks to fulfill his own desire”
|
||||
18:1 vun3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification בְּכָל־תּ֝וּשִׁיָּ֗ה יִתְגַּלָּֽע 1 Here, Solomon refers to someone refusing to act according to **all sound wisdom** as if **all sound wisdom** were a person who the **One who separates himself** starts a quarrel with. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. See how you translated **breaks out** in [17:14](../17/14.md). Alternate translation: “he refuses to act according to all sound wisdom”
|
||||
18:1 r3yq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns בְּכָל־תּ֝וּשִׁיָּ֗ה 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **sound wisdom**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “against anything that is soundly wise”
|
||||
18:2 urhy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun כְּ֭סִיל & לִבּֽוֹ 1 **A stupid one** and **his** refer to a type of person in general, not a specific person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “Any stupid person … that person’s heart”
|
||||
18:2 u731 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes לֹֽא־יַחְפֹּ֣ץ & בִּתְבוּנָ֑ה 1 Solomon is using a figure of speech here that expresses a strongly positive meaning by using a negative word, **not**, together with an expression that is the opposite of the intended meaning. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the positive meaning. Alternate translation: “detests understanding”
|
||||
18:2 lwfw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns בִּתְבוּנָ֑ה 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **understanding** in [1:2](../01/02.md).\n
|
||||
18:2 ey4y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis בְּהִתְגַּלּ֥וֹת לִבּֽוֹ 1 Solomon is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a clause would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the previous clause if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “a stupid one delights in his heart revealing itself”
|
||||
18:2 hvgu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בְּהִתְגַּלּ֥וֹת לִבּֽוֹ 1 Here, Solomon refers to a **stupid one** telling people what he thinks as if his **heart** were **revealing itself**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. See how you translated **heart** in [2:2](../02/02.md). Alternate translation: “in telling people what he thinks”
|
||||
18:3 fw1y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification גַם־בּ֑וּז 1 Here, Solomon speaks of experiencing **contempt** as if it were a person who can come to a location. This could mean: (1) people show **contempt** towards **a wicked one**. Alternate translation: “people feel contempt for him” (2) **a wicked one** shows **contempt** for others. Alternate translation: “he shows his contempt for other people”
|
||||
18:3 uzj6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns בּ֑וּז & קָל֥וֹן חֶרְפָּֽה 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **contempt**, **shame**, and **reproach**, you could express the same ideas in other ways. See how you translated **contempt** in [12:8](../12/08.md) and **shame** in [6:33](../06/33.md). Alternate translation: “feeling contemptuous … feeling shameful, being reproached”
|
||||
18:3 ps5e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וְֽעִם־קָל֥וֹן חֶרְפָּֽה 1 Solomon is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a clause would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the previous clause if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “and with shame comes reproach”
|
||||
18:4 izv2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy דִּבְרֵ֣י פִי־אִ֑ישׁ 1 This phrase refers to the **words** that **a man** says by using his **mouth**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “The words that a man says with his mouth”
|
||||
18:4 diqg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit דִּבְרֵ֣י פִי־אִ֑ישׁ 1 The second clause indicates that Solomon is referring to wise **words** spoken by a wise **man**. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “The wise words of the mouth of a wise man”
|
||||
18:4 dk9y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun פִי־אִ֑ישׁ 1 Here, **the mouth** and **a man** represent mouths and people in general, not one particular **mouth** and **man**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “the mouths of people”\n
|
||||
18:4 nv82 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מַ֣יִם עֲ֭מֻקִּים 1 Here, Solomon speaks of a wise man’s words being profound as if they were **deep waters**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly or use a simile. Alternate translation: “are profound” or “are deep like deep waters”
|
||||
18:4 mk4j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession מְק֣וֹר חָכְמָֽה 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe a **fountain** that gives **wisdom**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “a fountain that gives wisdom”
|
||||
18:4 mn87 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מְק֣וֹר חָכְמָֽה 1 Here, Solomon speaks of a wise person being a source of **wisdom** as if he were a **fountain**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly or use a simile. Alternate translation: “a wise person is source of wisdom and” or “a wise person is like a fountain of wisdom and”
|
||||
18:4 mcky rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns חָכְמָֽה 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **wisdom** in [1:2](../01/02.md).
|
||||
18:4 gxso rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor נַ֥חַל נֹ֝בֵ֗עַ 1 Here, Solomon speaks of a wise person having plentiful **wisdom** as if he were a **gushing stream**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly or use a simile. Alternate translation: “is plentiful” or “is plentiful like a gushing stream”
|
||||
18:5 fi7d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes לֹא־ט֑וֹב 1 Solomon is using a figure of speech here that expresses a strongly positive meaning by using a negative word, **not**, together with an expression that is the opposite of the intended meaning. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the positive meaning. Alternate translation: “It is surely bad”
|
||||
18:5 gs7d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun שְׂאֵ֣ת פְּנֵי־רָשָׁ֣ע & צַ֝דִּ֗יק בַּמִּשְׁפָּֽט 1 Here, **the face**, **the wicked one**, **the righteous one**, and **the judgment** represent these things and people in general, not specific things and people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “to lift the faces of the wicked ones … the righteous ones in the judgments”
|
||||
18:5 xz0a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom שְׂאֵ֣ת פְּנֵי 1 Here, **to lift the face** is an idiom that means “to show partiality” or “to favor”. If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “to give pride of place to” or “to be partial to”
|
||||
18:5 hylk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy רָשָׁ֣ע & צַ֝דִּ֗יק 1 In this verse, **the wicked one** refers to someone who is guilty of doing something **wicked** and **the righteous one** refers to someone who is innocent of doing something wicked. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. See how you translated the similar use of **wicked** and **righteous** in [17:15](../17/15.md). Alternate translation: “the guilty one … the innocent one”\n
|
||||
18:5 btf8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-goal לְהַטּ֥וֹת 1 Here, **to** marks **turn aside** as the goal or purpose of lifting **the face of the wicked one**. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that this is the purpose. Alternate translation: “for the purpose of turning aside”
|
||||
18:5 otoj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לְהַטּ֥וֹת 1 Here, depriving an innocent person of a just **judgment** is spoken of as if **the righteous one** were made to **turn aside** when judged in court. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “to deprive of justice”\n
|
||||
18:5 k02r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בַּמִּשְׁפָּֽט 1 Here, **the judgment** refers to the verdict of a judge in a legal case. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “regarding the verdict of his case” or “when his case is decided”
|
||||
18:6 gekd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy שִׂפְתֵ֣י & וּ֝פִ֗יו 1 See how you translated the same use of **lips** in [10:18](../10/18.md) and **mouth** in [10:11](../10/11.md).
|
||||
18:6 w2xd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun כְ֭סִיל & בְרִ֑יב וּ֝פִ֗יו 1 Here, **a stupid one**, **a dispute** and **his** refer to stupid people and disputes in general, not one particular **stupid one** or **dispute**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “any stupid one … into any dispute, and that person’s mouth”\n
|
||||
18:6 p2qv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification יָבֹ֣אֽוּ בְרִ֑יב 1 Here, Solomon speaks of what a **stupid one** says with his **lips** causing that person to start a **dispute** as if his **lips** were a person who could **enter into a dispute**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “results in him starting an argument”
|
||||
18:6 zxu7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לְֽמַהֲלֻמ֥וֹת יִקְרָֽא 1 Here, Solomon speaks of what a **stupid one** says with **his mouth** causing people to want to beat him as if **his mouth** were a person who **calls for blows**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “causes people to want to beat him”
|
||||
18:7 umea rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism פִּֽי־כְ֭סִיל מְחִתָּה־ל֑וֹ וּ֝שְׂפָתָ֗יו מוֹקֵ֥שׁ נַפְשֽׁוֹ 1 These two phrases mean basically the same thing. The second emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the phrases with a word other than **and** in order to show that the second phrase is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “The mouth of a stupid one is ruin for him, yes, his lips are a snare of his life”
|
||||
18:7 iwj7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy פִּֽי & וּ֝שְׂפָתָ֗יו 1 See how you translated the same use of **mouth** and **lips** in the previous verse.
|
||||
18:7 v6hu rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result מְחִתָּה־ל֑וֹ 1 Here, **is** indicates that what follows is the result of what **a stupid one** says. Use the most natural way in your language to indicate result. Alternate translation: “causes ruin for him” or “will result in his ruin”\n
|
||||
18:7 e4r4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מוֹקֵ֥שׁ נַפְשֽׁוֹ 1 Here, Solomon refers to what **a stupid one** says with **his lips** causing him trouble as if **his lips** were a **snare** that traps him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly or use a simile. Alternate translation: “will cause him trouble” or “are like a snare that causes him trouble”
|
||||
18:7 ffo5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy נַפְשֽׁוֹ 1 Here, **life** refers to the person himself. See how you translated the same use of **life** in [8:36](../08/36.md).
|
||||
18:8 vd95 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy דִּבְרֵ֣י 1 See how you translated the same use of **words** in [1:23](../01/23.md).
|
||||
18:8 iu3y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile כְּמִֽתְלַהֲמִ֑ים 1 Solomon is saying that the **words of a murmurer** are like **things swallowed greedily** because people are eager to hear gossip. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state that explicitly. Alternate translation: “are listened to eagerly”
|
||||
18:8 lms4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns וְ֝הֵ֗ם יָרְד֥וּ 1 Solomon uses the word **themselves** to emphasize how significant it was that what murmurers say is listened to by others. Use a way that is natural in your language to indicate this significance. Alternate translation: “and those very words go down into”
|
||||
18:8 mr15 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ֝הֵ֗ם יָרְד֥וּ חַדְרֵי־בָֽטֶן 1 Here, Solomon speaks of the **words of a murmurer** staying in a person’s mind and affecting that person’s thoughts as if they were food that goes **down into** a person’s stomach. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and they enter a person’s mind and affect his thoughts”
|
||||
18:8 za80 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit חַדְרֵי־בָֽטֶן 1 Here, **the rooms of the belly** refers to the innermost part of a person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the innermost part of a person”
|
||||
18:9 upvp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun מִתְרַפֶּ֣ה בִמְלַאכְתּ֑וֹ אָ֥ח ה֝֗וּא לְבַ֣עַל מַשְׁחִֽית 1 Here, **one who slacks**, **his**, **a brother**, and **an owner of destruction** represent types of people in general, not specific people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “any person who slacks in that person’s work, that person is a brother to any owner of destruction”
|
||||
18:9 uih2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אָ֥ח 1 Here, Solomon speaks of the **one who slacks** being similar to **an owner of destruction** as if he were that person’s **brother**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “is closely related” or “is very similar”
|
||||
18:9 mch5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לְבַ֣עַל מַשְׁחִֽית 1 Here, Solomon refers to a person who destroys things as if that person were **an owner of destruction**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “to the one who destroys everything” or “to the one who is always destructive”
|
||||
18:10 f4nm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy שֵׁ֣ם יְהוָ֑ה 1 Here, **name of Yahweh** refers to **Yahweh** himself. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly, as in the UST.\n
|
||||
18:10 mzvb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession מִגְדַּל־עֹ֭ז 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe a **tower** that is characterized by **strength**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “is a tower characterized by strength”
|
||||
18:10 ktq8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מִגְדַּל־עֹ֭ז 1 Here, Solomon speaks of Yahweh protecting his people as if he were a **tower** in which they could take refuge. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly or use a simile. Alternate translation: “protects his people” or “protects his people like a strong tower”
|
||||
18:10 dtz5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun צַדִּ֣יק 1 Here, **the righteous one** represents **righteous** people in general, not one particular **righteous one**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “any righteous one”
|
||||
18:10 gkx2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בּֽוֹ־יָר֖וּץ 1 Here, Solomon speaks of someone seeking safety from Yahweh as if **Yahweh** were a **tower** which that person **runs into**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly or use a simile. Alternate translation: “seek safety from him” or “seek safety from him as if running to him”
|
||||
18:10 o4to rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְנִשְׂגָּֽב 1 Here, Solomon speaks of a person being safe as if that person were **set on** a **high** place where no one could harm that person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and is secure”
|
||||
18:11 bgq7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ה֣וֹן עָ֭שִׁיר קִרְיַ֣ת עֻזּ֑וֹ 1 See how you translated the same clause in [10:15](../10/15.md).
|
||||
18:11 tz4b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile וּכְחוֹמָ֥ה נִ֝שְׂגָּבָ֗ה 1 Solomon is saying that the **wealth of a rich one** is like **a wall set on high** because **the rich one** thinks that his **wealth** will protect him from enemies like a **high** **wall** does. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state that explicitly. Alternate translation: “and it will protect him like a wall set on high”
|
||||
18:11 kei5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns בְּמַשְׂכִּיתֽוֹ 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **imagination**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “according to what he imagines”
|
||||
18:12 r28e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification לִפְנֵי־שֶׁ֭בֶר 1 Here, Solomon refers to someone being proud before experiencing **breaking** as if **breaking** were a person with a face that **the heart of a man** could be **exalted** in front of. See how you translated this phrase in [16:18](../16/18.md). Alternate translation: “Before breaking” or “Before he is ruined”
|
||||
18:12 j9yv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive יִגְבַּ֣הּ לֵב־אִ֑ישׁ 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “a man exalts his heart”
|
||||
18:12 uet1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לֵב 1 See how you translated the same use of **heart** in [2:2](../02/02.md).
|
||||
18:12 t2l5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations אִ֑ישׁ 1 Although the term **man** is masculine, Solomon is using the word in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “a person”
|
||||
18:12 dy4x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification וְלִפְנֵ֖י כָב֣וֹד עֲנָוָֽה 1 See how you translated the same clause in [15:33](../15/33.md).
|
||||
18:13 dkwr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun מֵשִׁ֣יב דָּ֭בָר בְּטֶ֣רֶם יִשְׁמָ֑ע & ל֝֗וֹ 1 **One who returns**, **a word**, **he**, and **him** refer to a type of person and **word** in general, not one particular person or **word**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “Any person who returns any word before listening … to that person”
|
||||
18:13 u40x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מֵשִׁ֣יב דָּ֭בָר 1 Here, **returns** refers to replying to what someone has said. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “One who replies with a word”
|
||||
18:13 dsv2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy דָּ֭בָר 1 See how you translated the similar use of **word** in [12:25](../12/25.md).
|
||||
18:13 cj6q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns אִוֶּ֥לֶת & וּכְלִמָּֽה 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **folly** in [5:23](../05/23.md) and **shame** in [6:33](../06/33.md).
|
||||
18:14 jnm1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy רֽוּחַ & וְר֥וּחַ נְ֝כֵאָ֗ה 1 In this verse, **spirit** refers to a person’s attitude. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “The attitude of … but a crushed attitude”
|
||||
18:14 inr3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit יְכַלְכֵּ֣ל 1 Here, Solomon implies that a person’s **spirit** enables that person to **endure his illness**. if it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “will enable him to endure”
|
||||
18:14 b1vb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְר֥וּחַ נְ֝כֵאָ֗ה 1 Here, Solomon refers to a person who despairs as if that person’s **spirit** were **crushed** by something. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. See how you translated the similar expression in [15:13](../15/13.md). Alternate translation: “but a person who feels despair”\n
|
||||
18:14 v3f4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion מִ֣י יִשָּׂאֶֽנָּה 1 Solomon is using the question form to emphasize the difficulty of helping a depressed person feel better. If you would not use the question form for this purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or an exclamation. Alternate translation: “surely no one can lift it!”
|
||||
18:14 dqmo rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יִשָּׂאֶֽנָּה 1 Here, Solomon refers to helping a depressed person feel better as if one could **lift** that persons **spirit**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “can help him feel better”
|
||||
18:15 wnou rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism לֵ֣ב נָ֭בוֹן יִקְנֶה־דָּ֑עַת וְאֹ֥זֶן חֲ֝כָמִ֗ים תְּבַקֶּשׁ־דָּֽעַת 1 These two clauses mean basically the same thing. The second clause emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the clauses with a word other than **and** that shows that the second clause is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “The heart of an understanding one acquires knowledge, yes, and the ear of the wise ones seeks knowledge”\n
|
||||
18:15 igjr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun לֵ֣ב נָ֭בוֹן יִקְנֶה־דָּ֑עַת וְאֹ֥זֶן 1 **The heart**, **an understanding one**, and **the ear** represents these things and type of people in general, not specific things or people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “The hearts of understanding ones acquire knowledge, and the ears of”
|
||||
18:15 e4fm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche לֵ֣ב 1 Here, **heart** refers to the whole person. See how you translated the same use of **heart** in [15:14](../15/14.md).
|
||||
18:15 p7l8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns דָּ֑עַת & דָּֽעַת 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **knowledge** in [1:4](../01/04.md).
|
||||
18:15 ptl8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche וְאֹ֥זֶן חֲ֝כָמִ֗ים תְּבַקֶּשׁ 1 Here, **ear** refers to the whole person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and the wise ones seek”
|
||||
18:15 fwnu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor תְּבַקֶּשׁ 1 See how you translated the same use of **seeks** in [11:27](../11/27.md).
|
||||
18:16 z6j4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun מַתָּ֣ן אָ֭דָם & ל֑וֹ & יַנְחֶֽנּוּ 1 **The gift**, **a man**, **him**, and **it** refer to gifts and people in general, not one particular **gift** or person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “A gift of any person … for that person … it will guide that person”
|
||||
18:16 wr8f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession מַתָּ֣ן אָ֭דָם 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe a **gift** that is given by **a man**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “What a man gives”
|
||||
18:16 zkj3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom יַרְחִ֣יב 1 Here, **make room** is an idiom that means “create an opportunity.” If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will open doors” or “will create an opportunity”
|
||||
18:16 aseb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְלִפְנֵ֖י 1 See how you translated the same use of **before the face of** in [14:19](../14/19.md).
|
||||
18:16 qxsf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification יַנְחֶֽנּוּ 1 Here, Solomon speaks of **The gift** as if it were a person who could **guide** the person who gives it. He means that giving a **gift** could result in a person meeting **great ones**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “it will enable him to go”
|
||||
18:17 jwv7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit צַדִּ֣יק הָרִאשׁ֣וֹן בְּרִיב֑וֹ וּבָֽא־רֵ֝עֵ֗הוּ וַחֲקָרֽוֹ 1 This verse refers to a dispute in which one person states **his case** that seems to be **right** until that person’s **neighbor** **examines him** by asking him questions. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “When people dispute, the first one states his case and seems to be right, then his neighbor comes and questions what he said”
|
||||
18:17 dzjx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun הָרִאשׁ֣וֹן בְּרִיב֑וֹ & רֵ֝עֵ֗הוּ וַחֲקָרֽוֹ 1 **The first one**, **his**, and **him** refer to a type of person, not a particular **first one**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “Any first person with that person’s case … that person’s neighbor … and examines that person”
|
||||
18:17 ct71 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal הָרִאשׁ֣וֹן 1 If your language does not use ordinal numbers, you could use a cardinal number here or an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “Person one”
|
||||
18:17 xjwc rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast וּבָֽא־רֵ֝עֵ֗הוּ 1 Solomon uses the word **then** here to indicate a contrast between the idea of the previous clause and this clause. Solomon implies that the results of examining the **first one** will be that **his case** is not **right**. In your translation, indicate this contrast in a way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “but then his neighbor comes”
|
||||
18:18 seol rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun הַגּוֹרָ֑ל 1 **The lot** refers to casting lots in general, not a specific **lot**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “Casting lots”
|
||||
18:18 qs89 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown הַגּוֹרָ֑ל 1 See how you translated **lot** in [16:33](../16/33.md).
|
||||
18:18 sp3e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns מִ֭דְיָנִים 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **quarrels** in [6:14](../06/14.md).
|
||||
18:18 n3hk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit יַפְרִֽיד 1 The phrase **makes a separation** refers to discerning which of the **mighty ones** is correct in an argument. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “it discerns who is correct”
|
||||
18:19 r1i8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אָ֗ח 1 Here, **brother** refers to any relative or close friend. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “A relative”
|
||||
18:19 yk7f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis מִקִּרְיַת־עֹ֑ז 1 Solomon is leaving out some of a word that in many languages a clause would need in order to be complete. You could supply this word from the context if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “is more unyielding than a city of strength” or “is more difficult to approach than a city of strength”
|
||||
18:19 dcj5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession מִקִּרְיַת־עֹ֑ז 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe a **city** that is characterized by **strength**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “is more than a strong city”
|
||||
18:19 ogca rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns ומדונים 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **quarrels** in [6:14](../06/14.md).
|
||||
18:19 zq5y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile כִּבְרִ֥יחַ אַרְמֽוֹן 1 This could mean: (1) **quarrels** cause people to stay away from each other, as if a **fortress** **gate bar** were between them. Alternate translation: “separate people” (2) resolving **quarrels** is as difficult as trying to enter a **fortress** that has a **bar** across its **gate**. Alternate translation: “are very difficult to resolve”
|
||||
18:19 ef13 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown כִּבְרִ֥יחַ 1 A **gate bar** is a large bar that was placed across a **gate** in order to make the **gate** difficult to break down. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of **bar**, you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “are like the bar placed across the gate of”
|
||||
18:20 pe4v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism מִפְּרִ֣י פִי־אִ֭ישׁ תִּשְׂבַּ֣ע בִּטְנ֑וֹ תְּבוּאַ֖ת שְׂפָתָ֣יו יִשְׂבָּֽע 1 These two clauses mean basically the same thing. The second clause emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the clauses with a word that shows that the second clause is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “From the fruit of the mouth of a man his belly is satisfied; yes, with the produce of his lips he is satisfied”
|
||||
18:20 g5py rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive מִפְּרִ֣י פִי־אִ֭ישׁ תִּשְׂבַּ֣ע בִּטְנ֑וֹ 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The fruit of the mouth of a man satisfies his belly”
|
||||
18:20 h4tr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מִפְּרִ֣י פִי־אִ֭ישׁ 1 See how you translated this phrase in [12:14](../12/14.md).
|
||||
18:20 p1z6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification תִּשְׂבַּ֣ע בִּטְנ֑וֹ 1 Here, Solomon speaks of a person eating enough food to feel **satisfied** as if that person’s **belly** were a person who could be **satisfied**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will eat enough to feel satisfied”
|
||||
18:20 bsu9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive תְּבוּאַ֖ת שְׂפָתָ֣יו יִשְׂבָּֽע 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the produce of his lips satisfies him”
|
||||
18:20 r4ee rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor תְּבוּאַ֖ת שְׂפָתָ֣יו 1 Here, Solomon refers to what a person says as if it were **produce** from that person’s **lips**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “with what he says”\n
|
||||
18:21 t0m6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification מָ֣וֶת וְ֭חַיִּים בְּיַד־לָשׁ֑וֹן 1 Here, Solomon speaks of a person’s **tongue** as if it were a person who held **Death and life** in his **hand**. He means that what people say can cause people to die or stay alive. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “A person’s death and life can be determined by what a person says”
|
||||
18:21 flt4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns מָ֣וֶת וְ֭חַיִּים 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **Death** in [2:18](../02/18.md) and **life** in [8:36](../08/36.md).
|
||||
18:21 n65f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לָשׁ֑וֹן 1 See how you translated the same use of **tongue** in [6:17](../06/17.md).
|
||||
18:21 l141 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יֹאכַ֥ל פִּרְיָֽהּ 1 Here, Solomon speaks of people receiving the consequences for what they say as if those consequences were **fruit** that they **eat**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will receive its consequences”
|
||||
18:22 d7ll rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun מָצָ֣א אִ֭שָּׁה & וַיָּ֥פֶק 1 **He who finds**, **a wife**, and **he** refer to people in general, not specific people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “Any person who finds a wife … and that person obtains”
|
||||
18:22 hgt4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מָצָ֣א & מָ֣צָא 1 Obtaining **a wife** and something **good** are spoken of as if they are objects that a person **finds** by searching for it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “He who obtains … obtains”\n
|
||||
18:22 v40v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns ט֑וֹב & רָ֝צ֗וֹן 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **good** in [11:27](../11/27.md) and **favor** in [3:4](../03/04.md).\n
|
||||
18:22 jbeb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit רָ֝צ֗וֹן 1 Here, **favor** could refer to: (1) Yahweh being pleased with the man **who finds a wife**, as in the identical phrase in [8:35](../08/35.md). Alternate translation: “approval” (2) the **wife** mentioned in the previous clause, in which case **favor** would mean “gift.” Alternate translation: “a gift”
|
||||
18:23 hxwm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun רָ֑שׁ וְ֝עָשִׁ֗יר 1 **One who is poor** and **a rich one** refer to types of people in general, not specific people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “Any poor person … but any rich person”
|
||||
18:23 hqmv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit תַּחֲנוּנִ֥ים יְדַבֶּר 1 The phrase **speaks pleas** refers to someone humbly asking or begging for mercy. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “pleads for mercy”
|
||||
18:23 o12y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit יַעֲנֶ֥ה 1 Here, Solomon implies that **a rich one answers** the **pleas** of **One who is poor**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “answers the poor one”
|
||||
18:24 mv8d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun אִ֣ישׁ רֵ֭עִים & אֹ֝הֵ֗ב & מֵאָֽח 1 **A man**, **one who loves**, and **a brother** refer to types of people in general, not specific people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “Any person of companions … any person who loves … more than any brother”
|
||||
18:24 a0zx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession אִ֣ישׁ רֵ֭עִים 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe a **man** who has **companions**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “A man with companions”
|
||||
18:24 w72m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אִ֣ישׁ רֵ֭עִים 1 This phrase could refer to: (1) a person who has false or unreliable **companions** who harm him, which contrasts with **one who loves** in the next clause. Alternate translation: “A man with unreliable companions” (2) a person who has too many **companions**. Alternate translation: “A man with too many companions”
|
||||
18:24 jsbe rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לְהִתְרֹעֵ֑עַ 1 Here, Solomon refers to a person being destroyed as if he were **broken**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will experience destruction” or “will be destroyed”\n
|
||||
18:24 wg3n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive לְהִתְרֹעֵ֑עַ 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “will experience ruin”
|
||||
18:24 zc7f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor דָּבֵ֥ק מֵאָֽח 1 Here, Solomon refers to a person’s friend being more loyal than **a brother** as if that friend were **clinging** to him **more than a brother** would. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “is more faithful than”
|
||||
19:intro nbz8 0 # Proverbs 19 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nChapter 19 continues the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs.\n\n
|
||||
19:1 ev8n Better is a poor person 0 Alternate translation: “It is better to be a poor person”
|
||||
19:1 bpi4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom who walks in his integrity 0 This is an idiom. Here walking refers to living. Alternate translation: “who lives in his integrity” or “who lives an honest life”
|
||||
|
|
@ -2850,7 +2899,7 @@ front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
|
|||
28:28 xc51 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole people hide themselves 0 This is an exaggeration for doing everything they can to avoid having wicked people harm them. Alternate translation: “people go into hiding” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])
|
||||
28:28 vjp8 perish 0 This could mean: (1) “go away” or (2) “fall from power” or (3) “are destroyed.”
|
||||
28:28 pd87 increase 0 This could mean: (1) “multiply” or (2) “rise to power.”
|
||||
29:intro pkl4 0 # Proverbs 29 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nChapter 29 concludes the second section of the book (Chapter 25–29) which is attributed to Solomon.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Themes\n\nThere are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])
|
||||
29:intro pkl4 0 # Proverbs 29 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nChapter 29 concludes the second section of the book (Chapter 25–29) which was written by Solomon.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Themes\n\nThere are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])
|
||||
29:1 rl7a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor who stiffens his neck 0 A person becoming stubborn is spoken of as if he stiffens his neck. Alternate translation: “who becomes stubborn” or “who refuses to listen”
|
||||
29:1 nb5z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive will be broken in a moment 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “God will suddenly break him”
|
||||
29:1 y5ft rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor beyond healing 0 “and no one will be able to heal him.” Sickness is a metaphor for any kind of bad situation. Alternate translation: “and no one will be able to help him”
|
||||
|
|
@ -2858,7 +2907,6 @@ front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
|
|||
29:4 v6du rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns by justice 0 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **justice**, you could express the same idea with a noun phrase. Alternate translation: “by doing what is just” or “by making just laws”
|
||||
29:5 x5x6 flatters his neighbor 0 knowingly tells his neighbor things that are not true so that the neighbor will do what the speaker wants him to do
|
||||
29:5 udx2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor spreading a net for his feet 0 The writer compares the flattery of a person to setting that person up to being caught in a trap. Alternate translation: “setting a trap to catch that person”
|
||||
29:6 k8iq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom In the sin of an evil person is a trap 0 When an evil person sins, it is as if he is stepping into a trap. He desires to do evil to other people, but God will use what he does to punish him.
|
||||
29:8 g91s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy set a city on fire 0 Here the word “city” represents the people who live in the city. Mockers causing the people to experience turmoil and possibly to become violent is spoken of as if they set the city on fire. Alternate translation: “create turmoil for the people of a city” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
29:8 vcu6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom turn away wrath 0 This idiom means to cause angry people no longer to be angry. Alternate translation: “calm the wrath of angry people”
|
||||
29:9 el5g has an argument with 0 Another possible meaning is “goes to court against.”
|
||||
|
|
@ -2879,7 +2927,7 @@ front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
|
|||
29:20 qfr9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion See a man who is hasty in his words? 0 The writer is using a question to get the reader’s attention. Alternate translation: “You should notice what happens to a man who is hasty in his words.”
|
||||
29:21 k1j6 who pampers his slave 0 Alternate translation: “who allows his slave to avoid work and who treats his slave better than he treats other slaves”
|
||||
29:21 qas4 at the end of it 0 Alternate translation: “at the end of the slave’s youth” or “when the slave is grown”
|
||||
29:22 s7ha rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor stirs up strife 0 Causing people to argue more is spoken of as if it were stirring up or awakening arguments. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **strife**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “argue.” See how you translated similar words in [Proverbs 15:18](../15/18.md). Alternate translation: “causes people to argue more” or “causes people to argue and fight” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
29:22 s7ha rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor stirs up strife 0 Causing people to argue more is spoken of as if it were stirring up or awakening arguments. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **strife**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “argue.” See how you translated similar words in [15:18](../15/18.md). Alternate translation: “causes people to argue more” or “causes people to argue and fight”
|
||||
29:22 ad7m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom a master of rage 0 This idiom means “a person who becomes angry easily.”
|
||||
29:24 jpz1 hates his own life 0 Alternate translation: “becomes his own enemy”
|
||||
29:25 t7d5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor The fear of man makes a snare 0 Being afraid of what other people might do is spoken of as stepping into a trap. Alternate translation: “Anyone who is afraid of what other people might do to him is like a person who has become snared in a trap”
|
||||
|
|
@ -2888,7 +2936,6 @@ front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
|
|||
29:26 w96b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns from Yahweh is justice for a person 0 It is Yahweh, not human rulers, who will see that people treat a person justly. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **justice**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “just.” Alternate translation: “it is Yahweh who is truly just towards a person”
|
||||
30:intro aud8 0 # Proverbs 30 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nChapter 30 is a chapter in Proverbs attributed to Agur, who is a person otherwise unknown.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Agur\n\nHis full title is Agur, Son of Jakeh. Agur comes from a Hebrew word that means “gatherer” and so some scholars believe this is not a real name, but possibly a way of referring to Solomon as a gatherer of proverbs. However, it is still prudent to simply use this as a name.\n\n### Three things and four\n\nFrom verses 15 through 32, the author uses a specific technique to explain some things. He says there are three things and even four and lists items that exemplify a feature like “small and yet wise.” The numbering is not meant to be so literal, but as a memory device that introduces the items. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]])\n\n### Themes\n\nThere are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])
|
||||
30:1 u8l9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Agur … Jakeh … Ithiel … Ucal 0 These are the names of men.
|
||||
30:1 v8qt Agur son of Jakeh 0 This is the literal son of Jakeh, not a grandchild.
|
||||
30:1 ic3d the utterance 0 Alternate translation: “the message”
|
||||
30:1 y7qf to Ithiel, to Ithiel and Ucal 0 Alternate translation: “to Ithiel—that is, to Ithiel and Ucal”
|
||||
30:2 n4d9 Surely 0 Alternate translation: “Certainly” or “There is no doubt that”
|
||||
|
|
@ -2897,16 +2944,15 @@ front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
|
|||
30:4 kw1a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Who has … down? Who has … hands? Who has … cloak? Who has … earth? 0 The writer asks these questions to get the reader thinking about how much greater Yahweh is than people. Alternate translation: “No person has ever … down. No person has ever … hands. No person has ever … cloak. No person has ever … earth.” or “Who has … down? Who has … hands? Who has … cloak? Who has … earth? No one has ever done any of these things.”
|
||||
30:4 bz7z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor gathered up the wind in the hollow of his hands 0 The writer speaks of the wind as if it were something that a person could catch and hold in his hand. Alternate translation: “has caught the wind in his hands”
|
||||
30:4 g4i7 the hollow of his hands 0 the way his hands are shaped when he is scooping up, for example, water or sand. “his cupped hands”
|
||||
30:4 l4kf gathered up 0 brought small scattered objects into a pile so they can be lifted
|
||||
30:4 rce5 has established all the ends of the earth 0 Alternate translation: “has set up the limits for where the earth ends” or “has marked the boundaries for the ends of the earth”
|
||||
30:4 jv39 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony Surely you know! 0 The writer uses irony to show that neither he nor the reader know any person who can do what the “who” in the earlier questions can do. Alternate translation: “I do not think you really know anyone who can do those things.”
|
||||
30:5 mna2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor is tested 0 Words are spoken of as if they were metals that need someone to clean the bad parts out of them. Alternate translation: “is like a precious metal from which someone has removed all the useless material” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
30:5 mna2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor is tested 0 Words are spoken of as if they were metals that need someone to clean the bad parts out of them. Alternate translation: “is like a precious metal from which someone has removed all the useless material”
|
||||
30:5 u15z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor he is a shield to those who take refuge in him 0 The word “shield” is a metaphor for something that protects a person. Alternate translation: “he protects those who come and ask him to protect them”
|
||||
30:6 lu63 add to his words 0 say more than he has said
|
||||
30:6 e39x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive you will be proved to be 0 This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “he will prove that you are”
|
||||
30:8 v3d5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Put vanity and lies far away from me 0 This could mean: (1) “Do not allow people to speak vanity and lies to me” or (2) “Do not allow me to speak vanity and lies”
|
||||
30:8 jw32 vanity 0 false, useless words
|
||||
30:8 wk6q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Give me neither poverty nor riches 0 The writer speaks as if “poverty” and “riches” were physical objects that someone could give to another. They are also abstract nouns that can be stated as “poor” and “rich.” Alternate translation: “Do not allow me to be either very poor or very rich” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
30:8 wk6q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Give me neither poverty nor riches 0 The writer speaks as if “poverty” and “riches” were physical objects that someone could give to another. They are also abstract nouns that can be stated as “poor” and “rich.” Alternate translation: “Do not allow me to be either very poor or very rich”
|
||||
30:9 vrk2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo if I have too much, I might deny you and say 0 This describes a hypothetical situation that has not happened but is possible if the writer becomes rich.
|
||||
30:9 t24i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo if I become poor, I might steal and profane 0 This describes a hypothetical situation that has not happened but is possible if the writer becomes poor.
|
||||
30:9 f4ah I might steal and profane the name of my God 0 Alternate translation: “I might make people who know that I have stolen things think that there is no God” or “I might harm God’s reputation by stealing”
|
||||
|
|
@ -2914,7 +2960,6 @@ front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
|
|||
30:10 ycc9 he will curse 0 Alternate translation: “the servant will curse”
|
||||
30:10 u5fu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive you will be held guilty 0 This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “people will hold you guilty”
|
||||
30:11 sz6e a generation that curses … and does not bless 0 Alternate translation: “a generation of people who curse … and do not bless”
|
||||
30:11 z4bb generation 0 type or class or group
|
||||
30:12 h8cq a generation that is 0 Alternate translation: “a generation of people that are”
|
||||
30:12 dp6p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor is pure in their own eyes 0 The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “considers themselves pure” or “believes they are pure”
|
||||
30:12 fyp5 filth 0 This should be translated with a polite term that includes human or animal vomit and waste.
|
||||
|
|
@ -2926,23 +2971,21 @@ front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
|
|||
30:15 n8v6 0 Another possible meaning is “and they are both named Give Me.” Alternate translation: “Give and give”
|
||||
30:15 xlu4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes are never satisfied 0 This can be stated positively. Alternate translation: “always want more”
|
||||
30:16 d8p5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification land that is never satisfied with water 0 Land that is no longer producing food because there has been no rain is spoken of as if it were a person who does not have enough water to drink.
|
||||
30:17 hr1j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns scorns obedience to a mother 0 The word “obedience” is a metonym for the mother herself. It is also an abstract noun that can be stated as “obey.” Alternate translation: “considers his mother worthless and will not obey her” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
30:17 hr1j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns scorns obedience to a mother 0 The word “obedience” is a metonym for the mother herself. It is also an abstract noun that can be stated as “obey.” Alternate translation: “considers his mother worthless and will not obey her”
|
||||
30:17 pr2u his eyes … the vultures 0 The writer says that the person will die by giving two pictures of what happens to people who die away from where people live.
|
||||
30:17 l9a8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive his eyes will be pecked out by the ravens of the valley 0 This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “the ravens of the valley will peck out his eyes”
|
||||
30:17 x3vs ravens 0 large, shiny, black birds that eat plants and dead animals
|
||||
30:17 sxz9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive he will be eaten by the vultures 0 This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “the vultures will eat him”
|
||||
30:17 k8je vultures 0 any one of several large birds that eat dead animals and have small, featherless heads
|
||||
30:19 u9rp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor in the heart of the sea 0 The “heart” refers to the middle. Alternate translation: “in the middle of the sea” or “on the open sea”
|
||||
30:20 h26k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism she eats and she wipes her mouth 0 This seems to be both a euphemism and a metaphor for committing adultery and then taking a bath. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
30:21 s3e3 Under three things the earth trembles, and under four it cannot bear up 0 The use of the numbers “three” and “four” here is likely a poetic device. “There are some things that make the earth tremble, that it cannot endure. Four of these are:”
|
||||
30:20 h26k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism she eats and she wipes her mouth 0 This seems to be both a euphemism and a metaphor for committing adultery and then taking a bath.
|
||||
30:21 s3e3 Under three things the earth trembles, and under four it cannot bear up 0 The use of the numbers “three” and “four” here is a poetic device. “There are some things that make the earth tremble, that it cannot endure. Four of these are:”
|
||||
30:22 xv9v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive a fool when he is filled with food 0 This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “a fool who has had enough to eat”
|
||||
30:23 dwd5 takes the place of her mistress 0 rules the household
|
||||
30:26 p11p rock badgers 0 an animal with small, rounded ears, short legs, and no tail
|
||||
30:28 l4zb lizard 0 a small reptile that has four legs, a long, slender body, and a tail
|
||||
30:33 kgm4 churning 0 strongly stirring
|
||||
30:33 nj7p butter 0 Animal milk that someone has stirred and made thick.
|
||||
31:intro dd9p 0 # Proverbs 31 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nChapter 31 begins with 9 verses from King Lemuel. The last portion of this chapter is a poem about a godly wife. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/godly]])\n\n### King Lemuel\n\nThis person is unknown in Scripture, other than here. It is important to recognize that the words in this chapter are words of his mother addressed to him. They are formed like advice of a mother to her son.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### An acrostic poem\n\nVerse 10 through 31 is tightly formed as a poem in the original language. There are 22 lines in the Hebrew language that each begin with a successive letter of the alphabet. However, each language will have a different set of letters. Therefore, it is important to realize this was a single composition with a single theme of a noble or godly wife.\n\n### Themes\n\nThere are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])
|
||||
31:2 nw5l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion What, my son? What is it, son of my womb? What do you want, son of my vows? 0 The rhetorical question **What** could mean: (1) “What are you doing?” or “You should not be doing what you are doing” or (2) “What shall I tell you?” or “Listen to what I am telling you” or (3) “Do not do the things I am about to warn you against.”
|
||||
31:2 ag7f my son … son of my womb … son of my vows 0 The speaker wants the hearer to notice carefully and to respect the one who is talking to him.
|
||||
31:2 ye5f son of my womb 0 The womb is a synecdoche for the person. It is best to use a polite term for the body part in which babies grow before they are born.
|
||||
31:2 p2hh son of my vows 0 Here, **vows** could mean: (1) the mother’s marriage vows or (2) a vow after she married that if God allowed her to have a child she would dedicate him to God.
|
||||
|
|
@ -2974,7 +3017,6 @@ front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
|
|||
31:16 fgc9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor the fruit of her hands 0 The money she has earned from the work she did with wool and flax ([Proverbs 31:13](../31/13.md)) is spoken of as if it were fruit growing off a tree. The hands are a synecdoche for the person. Alternate translation: “the money she has earned” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
31:17 vv53 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom She dresses herself with strength 0 Putting on clothes is a metonym for preparing for work. Alternate translation: “She prepares herself for hard physical work”
|
||||
31:17 fn86 makes her arms strong 0 Alternate translation: “she strengthens her arms by doing her work”
|
||||
31:18 d4np perceives 0 sees by looking carefully
|
||||
31:18 jpw6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole all night long her lamp is not extinguished 0 This is probably an exaggeration: she works late into the night, but not from dusk to dawn. Alternate translation: “She burns a lamp through the night as she works” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
31:19 d3iv spindle 0 a thin rod or stick with pointed ends that is used in making thread
|
||||
31:20 en6l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy reaches out with her hand to poor 0 The hand is a metonym for the help the woman uses her hand to give. Alternate translation: “helps poor”
|
||||
|
|
@ -2982,13 +3024,13 @@ front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
|
|||
31:21 tt96 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy are clothed in scarlet 0 Here “scarlet” does not refer to the color of the cloth, but that the clothing is expensive and warm. Alternate translation: “have expensive, warm clothing”
|
||||
31:21 ail4 scarlet 0 The color red, but with a hint of orange.
|
||||
31:22 a3x1 linen 0 cloth made of flax yarn
|
||||
31:23 ra37 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive Her husband is known 0 This can be translated in active form. The verb “know” is a metonym for respect. Alternate translation: “People respect her husband” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
31:23 ra37 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive Her husband is known 0 This can be translated in active form. The verb “know” is a metonym for respect. Alternate translation: “People respect her husband”
|
||||
31:23 dbz1 when he sits with the elders of the land 0 to make laws and settle arguments
|
||||
31:24 d6wi linen 0 cloth made from flax yarn
|
||||
31:24 ghw5 sashes 0 long pieces of cloth worn around the waist or over one shoulder
|
||||
31:25 k3bi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor She is clothed with strength and honor 0 Having strength and honor is spoken of as if the woman were wearing them. This can be translated in active form. The abstract nouns “strength” and “honor” can be translated by an adjective and a verb, respectively. Alternate translation: “Everyone can see that she is strong, and so they honor her” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
31:25 k3bi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor She is clothed with strength and honor 0 Having strength and honor is spoken of as if the woman were wearing them. This can be translated in active form. The abstract nouns “strength” and “honor” can be translated by an adjective and a verb, respectively. Alternate translation: “Everyone can see that she is strong, and so they honor her”
|
||||
31:25 a29g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole laughs at the time to come 0 This is probably an exaggeration to show that she is not afraid. Alternate translation: “is not afraid of what will happen in the future”
|
||||
31:26 lb6q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy opens her mouth with wisdom 0 The act of opening her mouth is a metonym for speaking. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **wisdom**, you could express the same idea with an adverb or an adjective. Alternate translation: “she speaks wisely” or “she speaks wise words” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
31:26 lb6q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy opens her mouth with wisdom 0 The act of opening her mouth is a metonym for speaking. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **wisdom**, you could express the same idea with an adverb or an adjective. Alternate translation: “she speaks wisely” or “she speaks wise words”
|
||||
31:26 q9jl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the law of kindness is on her tongue 0 The phrase “on her tongue” refers to her speaking, as the tongue is part of the mouth. The phrase “the law of kindness” refers to her teaching people to be kind. Alternate translation: “she teaches people to be kind”
|
||||
31:27 uqe6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor watches over the ways of her household 0 The word “ways” refers to the way people live. Alternate translation: “makes sure her whole family lives in a way that pleases God”
|
||||
31:27 ynb8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom does not eat the bread of idleness 0 To “eat the bread of” something means to do something. Alternate translation: “she is not idle”
|
||||
|
|
@ -2996,12 +3038,14 @@ front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
|
|||
31:28 hq5u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy rise up and 0 This could mean: (1) literally “stand up and” or (2) as a metonym, “actively.”
|
||||
31:28 lqv2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations call her blessed 0 saying that good things have happened to her because she has done good things. This can be translated as a direct quote. Alternate translation: “congratulate her” or “say, ‘Yay, Mom!’”
|
||||
31:29 fl85 you surpassed 0 Alternate translation: “you have done better than”
|
||||
31:30 e8cj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns Elegance is deceptive 0 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **elegance**, you could express the same idea with an adjective. Alternate translation: “A gracious woman can deceive people” or “A woman with good manners could really be evil” See how you translated this in [Proverbs 11:16](../11/16.md).
|
||||
31:30 e8cj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns Elegance is deceptive 0 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **elegance**, you could express the same idea with an adjective. Alternate translation: “A gracious woman can deceive people” or “A woman with good manners could really be evil” See how you translated this in [11:16](../11/16.md).
|
||||
31:30 qcq1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns beauty is vain 0 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **beauty**, you could express the same idea with an adjective. Alternate translation: “a woman who is beautiful now will not always be beautiful”
|
||||
31:30 k9e4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive she will be praised 0 This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “people will praise her”
|
||||
31:31 df11 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor the fruit of her hands 0 The money she has earned from the work she did with wool and flax ([Proverbs 31:13](../31/13.md)) is spoken of as if it were fruit growing off a tree. The hands are a synecdoche for the person. See how you translated this in [Proverbs 31:16](./16.md). Alternate translation: “the money she has earned” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
31:31 df11 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor the fruit of her hands 0 The money she has earned from the work she did with wool and flax ([31:13](../31/13.md)) is spoken of as if it were fruit growing off a tree. The hands are a synecdoche for the person. See how you translated this in [31:16](./16.md). Alternate translation: “the money she has earned”
|
||||
31:31 ef6y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy let her works praise her in the gates 0 She will be praised for her works, not by her works. Those “in the gates” are the important people of the city who conduct business and legal affairs near the gates of the city. Alternate translation: “may the important people of the city praise her because of the works she has done”
|
||||
9:3 ugn5 her maids 0
|
||||
14:2 c17i in his ways despises him The word “his” refers to the dishonest man and “him” refers to Yahweh.
|
||||
25:3 jtp4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile Like the heavens are for height and the earth is for depth, so the heart of kings is unsearchable The hearts of kings are compared to the size of the heavens and the earth. Alternate translation: “Just as no one can measure the height of the heavens or the depth of the earth, even so no one can understand the heart of kings”
|
||||
17:3 fh66 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit The crucible is for silver and the furnace is for gold 0
|
||||
29:6 k8iq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 When an evil person sins, it is as if he is stepping into a trap. He desires to do evil to other people, but God will use what he does to punish him.
|
||||
18:2 yp8r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy what is in his own heart 0
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
Can't render this file because it is too large.
|
122
tn_ZEC.tsv
122
tn_ZEC.tsv
|
|
@ -3,31 +3,25 @@ front:intro yx6e 0 # Introduction to Zechariah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduc
|
|||
1:intro qki3 0 # Zechariah 1 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter is written in prose mainly with imagery used throughout to portray Zechariah’s vision given by the Lord.\n\nSome translations prefer to set apart quotations. The ULT and many other English translations set lines 1:3–6, 14–17, which are extended quotations, farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Visions\n\nThis book contains a number of visions given to Zechariah, so the images are not ones Zechariah actually saw but were given to him in a vision or dream. It is important for each of these visions to keep their meanings and not be interpreted to mean any specific thing.\n\n## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter\n\n### Date\n\nZechariah uses two separate dates in this first chapter. When compared to the book of Haggai, Zechariah’s prophecy was proclaimed just a few weeks after Haggai. However, they prophesied in two different places: Haggai was in Jerusalem and Zechariah was somewhere outside of Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
|
||||
1:1 if96 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths In the eighth month 0 This is the eighth month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part of October and the first part of November on Western calendars. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
1:1 fpf6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal the second year of Darius’ reign 0 “the second year of the reign of Darius the king” or “the second year since Darius became king”
|
||||
1:1 qr9f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom the word of Yahweh came 0 This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. Alternate translation: “Yahweh gave a message” or “Yawheh spoke this message”
|
||||
1:1 e6fd Yahweh 0 This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this.
|
||||
1:1 ge9j rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Berechiah … Iddo 0 These are the names of men.
|
||||
1:2 huv9 exceedingly angry with your fathers 0 Alternate translation: “very angry with your forefathers”
|
||||
1:3 wv9b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Turn to me … and I will return to you 0 Yahweh speaks of having a change of attitude toward another person as if it were turning or returning. The people turning to Yahweh means that they will again be devoted to him and worship him, while Yahweh returning to the people means that he will again bless them and help them.
|
||||
1:3 ymr9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person this is the declaration of Yahweh of hosts 0 Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. Alternate translation: “this is what Yahweh of hosts has declared” or “this is what I, Yahweh of hosts, have declared”
|
||||
1:4 le2q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Turn from your evil ways and wicked practices 0 No longer doing certain actions is spoken of as if it were turning away from those actions. The phrases “evil ways” and “wicked practices” mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: “Stop doing all of your wicked actions” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
1:4 g1te rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person this is Yahweh’s declaration 0 Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Zechariah 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: “this is what Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, Yahweh, have declared”
|
||||
1:4 le2q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Turn from your evil ways and wicked practices 0 No longer doing certain actions is spoken of as if it were turning away from those actions. Alternate translation: “Stop doing all of your wicked actions”
|
||||
1:5 tk3p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Your fathers, where are they? Where are the prophets, are they here forever? 0 These two rhetorical questions emphasize that both their ancestors and the prophets who proclaimed Yahweh’s message to their ancestors have died. The questions can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Neither your fathers nor the prophets are here because they have all died.”
|
||||
1:6 b2ai rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion But my words and my decrees that I commanded my servants the prophets, have they not overtaken your fathers? 0 This rhetorical question emphasizes the positive answer that it anticipates. Yahweh speaks of the people’s ancestors experiencing the consequences of not obeying Yahweh’s commands as if his words and decrees were a person who had chased after and overtaken them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “But my words and my decrees that I commanded my servants the prophets have overtaken your fathers.” or “But your fathers have suffered the consequences for disobeying my words and my decrees that I commanded my servants the prophets to tell them.”
|
||||
1:6 p786 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet my words and my decrees 0 These phrases are both ways to refer to Yahweh’s message that the prophets had declared to their ancestors.
|
||||
1:6 pc8u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet our ways and actions 0 The words “ways” and “actions” mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: “our behavior”
|
||||
1:7 kav5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths the twenty-fourth day of the eleventh month, which is the month of Shebat 0 “Shebat” is the eleventh month of the Hebrew calendar. The twenty-fourth day is near the middle of February on Western calendars. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
1:7 kav5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths the twenty-fourth day of the eleventh month, which is the month of Shebat 0 “Shebat” is the eleventh month of the Hebrew calendar. The twenty-fourth day is near the middle of February on Western calendars.
|
||||
1:7 epb7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal in the second year of Darius’ reign 0 “in the second year of the reign of Darius the king” or “in the second year since Darius became king.” See how you translated this in [Zechariah 1:1](../01/01.md).
|
||||
1:7 al5n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom the word of Yahweh came 0 This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated this in [Zechariah 1:1](../01/01.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh gave a message” or “Yawheh spoke this message”
|
||||
1:7 li5w rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Berechiah … Iddo 0 These are the names of men.
|
||||
1:8 rsm4 look 0 The word “look” here shows that Zechariah was surprised by what he saw.
|
||||
1:8 fg97 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown myrtle trees 0 a kind of small tree with colorful flowers
|
||||
1:9 rb9l I said, “What are these things, Lord?” Then the angel who talked with me 0 Here Zechariah speaks to an unidentified angel. This is not the same as the “man” who was “riding on a red horse.”
|
||||
1:9 l5k2 What are these things, Lord? 0 “What are these things, sir?” Here the word “Lord” is a form of polite address.
|
||||
1:10 uiv2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom the man who stood among the myrtle trees 0 These phrases refer to the man who “was riding on a red horse” in [Zechariah 1:8](../01/08.md). This could mean: (1) the man dismounted his horse and stood or (2) the word “stood” is an idiom that means he was located in that position. Alternate translation: “the man who was among the myrtle trees”
|
||||
1:10 m3qf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit These are those 0 The word “these” refers to the red, reddish-brown, and white horses that were behind the man who was among the myrtle trees. This could mean: (1) it is implicit that there were other men who were riding the horses, and that these phrases refer to the riders or (2) the horses are personified as being able to speak like people. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
1:10 paz1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit to roam throughout the earth 0 It is implicit that Yahweh sent these out to walk about in order to patrol the earth. This does not suggest that they were wandering or lost.
|
||||
1:11 p8ce rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom the angel of Yahweh who stood among the myrtle trees 0 This phrase refers to the man who “was riding on a red horse” in [Zechariah 1:8](../01/08.md). This could mean: (1) the man dismounted his horse and stood or (2) the word “stood” is an idiom that means he was located in that position. Alternate translation: “the angel of Yahweh who was among the myrtle trees”
|
||||
1:11 vum3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit They answered … they said 0 The word “they” refers to the red, reddish-brown, and white horses that were behind the man who was among the myrtle trees. This could mean: (1) it is implicit that there were other men who were riding the horses, and that these phrases refer to the riders or (2) the horses are personified as being able to speak like people. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
1:11 z1nt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor all the earth sits still and is at rest 0 There being peace and quiet in the world is spoken of as if the earth were a person who is still and resting. This could mean: (1) this is a good thing that means that there is peace between nations or (2) this is a bad thing that means that there is no war because nations are helpless to fight against a stronger nation that has subdued them.
|
||||
1:12 hd8w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy to Jerusalem and to the cities of Judah 0 Here the words “Jerusalem” and “cities” refer to the people who live in those cities. Alternate translation: “to the people of Jerusalem and to the people of the cities of Judah”
|
||||
1:13 ea77 with good words, words of comfort 0 Alternate translation: “with good, comforting words”
|
||||
|
|
@ -35,21 +29,21 @@ front:intro yx6e 0 # Introduction to Zechariah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduc
|
|||
1:15 z4b6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom I am very angry with the nations that are at ease 0 The phrase “at ease” means that the people thought that they lived in peace and security. Alternate translation: “I am very angry with the nations that enjoy peace and security”
|
||||
1:15 vt8i I was only a little angry with them 0 Alternate translation: “I was only a little angry with the people of Jerusalem”
|
||||
1:15 ml6d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit they made the disaster worse 0 “the nations that are at ease made the disaster worse.” This means that although Yahweh used these nations to punish Jerusalem, they did more harm to Jerusalem than what Yahweh had intended for them to do.
|
||||
1:16 irm7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor I have returned to Jerusalem with mercies 0 This could mean: (1) although Yahweh had left Jerusalem when the people had gone into exile, he will now return to Jerusalem when they have come back from exile or (2) Yahweh speaks of having a change of attitude towards the people of Jerusalem and again blessing them and helping them as if he were returning to the city. Alternate translation: “I will once again show mercy towards Jerusalem”
|
||||
1:16 mlv6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy My house will be built within her 0 The word “her” refers to Jerusalem, and the word “house” is a metonym for the temple. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The people will build my temple in Jerusalem” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
1:16 qz6g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit the measuring line will be stretched out over Jerusalem 0 This refers to builders using their instruments to rebuild the city. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “builders will stretch out their measuring lines over Jerusalem” or “the people will rebuild Jerusalem” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
1:16 irm7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor I have returned to Jerusalem with mercies 0 Yahweh speaks of having a change of attitude towards the people of Jerusalem and again blessing them and helping them as if he were returning to the city. Alternate translation: “I will once again show mercy towards Jerusalem”
|
||||
1:16 mlv6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy My house will be built within her 0 The word “her” refers to Jerusalem, and the word “house” is a metonym for the temple. Alternate translation: “The people will build my temple in Jerusalem”
|
||||
1:16 qz6g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit the measuring line will be stretched out over Jerusalem 0 This refers to builders using their instruments to rebuild the city. Alternate translation: “builders will stretch out their measuring lines over Jerusalem”
|
||||
1:17 xwc5 Again call out, saying 0 The angel who was speaking to Zechariah says these words.
|
||||
1:17 c5zg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy My cities will once again overflow with goodness 0 The phrase “my cities” refers to the cities of Judah and represents the people who live in those cities. Yahweh speaks of the inhabitants of those cities again being prosperous as if goodness were a liquid that overflowed the cities, which are its containers. Alternate translation: “My cities will once again be prosperous” or “The people in the cities of Judah will once again be prosperous” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
1:17 c5zg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy My cities will once again overflow with goodness 0 The phrase “my cities” refers to the cities of Judah and represents the people who live in those cities. Alternate translation: “My cities will once again be prosperous”
|
||||
1:17 e1cn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Yahweh will again comfort Zion 0 Here the word “Zion” refers to the people who live in the city. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will again comfort the people in Zion”
|
||||
1:18 fb8w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche I lifted up my eyes 0 The word “eyes” represents the person who looks. Alternate translation: “I looked up”
|
||||
1:19 p1kh rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage These are the horns that have scattered Judah, Israel, and Jerusalem 0 Horns were often used as a symbol for military power. Here they symbolize the powerful nations that had conquered the kingdoms of Israel. The words “Judah, Israel, and Jerusalem” represent the people who lived in those places. Alternate translation: “These horns represent the nations that have scattered the people of Judah, Israel, and Jerusalem” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
1:19 p1kh rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage These are the horns that have scattered Judah, Israel, and Jerusalem 0 Horns were often used as a symbol for military power. Alternate translation: “These horns represent the nations that have scattered the people of Judah, Israel, and Jerusalem”
|
||||
1:20 a61d four craftsmen 0 Alternate translation: “blacksmiths” or “metalworkers”
|
||||
1:21 y3z5 these people 0 This refers to the four craftsmen.
|
||||
1:21 k412 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage These are the horns that scattered Judah 0 The horns symbolize the powerful nations that had conquered the kingdoms of Israel. The word “Judah” represents the people who lived in Judah. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Zechariah 1:19](../01/19.md). Alternate translation: “These horns represent the nations that scattered the people of Judah” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
1:21 k412 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage These are the horns that scattered Judah 0 The horns symbolize the powerful nations that had conquered the kingdoms of Israel. Alternate translation: “These horns represent the nations that scattered the people of Judah”
|
||||
1:21 zd7p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor so that no man would lift up his head 0 The nations oppressing the people of Judah severely is spoken of as if no person in Judah was able to raise his head. Alternate translation: “and caused them to suffer greatly”
|
||||
1:21 gm5d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor to cast down the horns of the nations that lifted up a horn against the land of Judah 0 Yahweh speaks of the nations using their military power to conquer Judah as if the nations had lifted up their horns. He speaks of these four craftsmen destroying the military power of these nations as if the craftsmen threw those horns to the ground. Alternate translation: “to destroy the power of the nations who used their military might against the land of Judah”
|
||||
1:21 q7u9 to cast down the horns of the nations that lifted up a horn 0 Alternate translation: “to cast down the horns that the nations had lifted up”
|
||||
2:intro j9a8 0 # Zechariah 2 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter is introduced in prose with imagery used in the rest of the chapter to portray Zechariah’s third vision about measuring lines given by the Lord.\n\nSome translations prefer to set apart quotations. The ULT and many other English translations set the lines of 2:4–13, which are extended quotations, farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Visions\n\nThis book contains a number of visions given to Zechariah so the images are not ones Zechariah actually saw but were given to him in a vision or dream. It is important for each of these visions to keep their meanings and not be interpreted to mean any specific thing. Please be careful to translate each of the terms in your language.\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### “This is Yahweh’s declaration”\nThis phrase is used several times in this chapter. The UST often translates this as “Yahweh says.”
|
||||
2:intro j9a8 0 # Zechariah 2 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter is introduced in prose with imagery used in the rest of the chapter to portray Zechariah’s third vision about measuring lines given by the Lord.\n\nSome translations prefer to set apart quotations. The ULT and many other English translations set the lines of 2:4–13, which are extended quotations, farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Visions\n\nThis book contains a number of visions given to Zechariah so the images are not ones Zechariah actually saw but were given to him in a vision or dream. It is important for each of these visions to keep their meanings and not be interpreted to mean any specific thing. Please be careful to translate each of the terms in your language.\n
|
||||
2:1 u35h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche I lifted up my eyes 0 The word “eyes” represents the person who looks. Alternate translation: “I looked up”
|
||||
2:1 dn7b measuring line 0 a rope with a certain length that a person would use to measure buildings or large sections of land
|
||||
2:2 eb3u So he said to me 0 Alternate translation: “So the man with the measuring line said to me”
|
||||
|
|
@ -64,14 +58,14 @@ front:intro yx6e 0 # Introduction to Zechariah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduc
|
|||
2:8 uv6h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit for whoever touches you 0 The word “touches” refers to a touch meant to harm. Alternate translation: “for whoever harms you”
|
||||
2:9 w4b5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction I myself will shake my hand over them 0 Raising one’s hand against another person is a gesture of hostility. Here it is a symbolic action that means that God will attack those who harm Jerusalem. Alternate translation: “I myself will fight against them” or “I myself will attack them”
|
||||
2:9 q7li they will be plunder for their slaves 0 The word “plunder” can be translated with a verb. Alternate translation: “their slaves will plunder them”
|
||||
2:10 n5lp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Sing for joy, daughter of Zion 0 “Zion” is the same as “Jerusalem.” The prophet speaks of the city as if it is a daughter. This could mean: (1) Zechariah personifies the city as a person who can sing. Alternate translation: “Sing for joy, Zion” or (2) the phrase “daughter of Zion” is a metonym for the people who live in the city. Alternate translation: “Sing for joy, people of Zion” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
2:10 n5lp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Sing for joy, daughter of Zion 0 “Zion” is the same as “Jerusalem.” The prophet speaks of the city as if it is a daughter. Zechariah personifies the city as a person who can sing. Alternate translation: “Sing for joy, Zion”
|
||||
2:10 ph8u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person this is Yahweh’s declaration 0 Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Zechariah 1:4](../01/04.md). Alternate translation: “this is what Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, Yahweh, have declared”
|
||||
2:11 h8g4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor great nations will join themselves to Yahweh 0 Zechariah speaks of the people of great nations becoming Yahweh’s people and worshiping him as if they were joining themselves to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “the people of great nations will become the people of Yahweh” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
2:11 h8g4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor great nations will join themselves to Yahweh 0 Zechariah speaks of the people of great nations becoming Yahweh’s people and worshiping him as if they were joining themselves to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “the people of great nations will become the people of Yahweh”
|
||||
2:11 glg2 in that day 0 Alternate translation: “at that time”
|
||||
2:11 bu8a I will encamp in the midst of you 0 Alternate translation: “I will live among you”
|
||||
2:12 e1sr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Yahweh will inherit Judah as his rightful possession 0 Zechariah speaks of Yahweh claiming Judah as his own land as if Judah were something that Yahweh inherits as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will claim Judah as his rightful possession”
|
||||
2:13 f45h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche all flesh 0 Here the word “flesh” represents all humanity. Alternate translation: “all people”
|
||||
2:13 p2lb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor he has been roused 0 Zechariah speaks of Yahweh beginning to act as if someone had roused Yahweh from inactivity. It is implied that this action refers to his returning to Jerusalem. Alternate translation: “he is coming” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
2:13 p2lb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor he has been roused 0 Zechariah speaks of Yahweh beginning to act as if someone had roused Yahweh from inactivity. Alternate translation: “he is coming”
|
||||
2:13 dh6y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit from out of his holy place 0 Here “his holy place” refers to heaven, and not to the temple in Jerusalem. Alternate translation: “from his holy place in heaven”
|
||||
3:intro gw6m 0 # Zechariah 3 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter is introduced in prose and shares the fourth vision, which is the priest in dirty clothes. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]])\n\nSome translations prefer to set apart quotations. The ULT and many other English translations set the lines of 3:7–9, which is an extended quotation, farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text.\n\n## Difficult concepts in this chapter\n\n### Visions\n\nIt is important for each of these visions to keep their meanings and not be interpreted to mean any specific thing.\n\n## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter\n\n### The high priest\n\nThis chapter seems to refer to a particular person, Joshua the high priest. However, little is known about him. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/highpriest]])
|
||||
3:1 l2ct 0 # General Information:\n\nYahweh shows Zechariah a vision of Joshua the priest.
|
||||
|
|
@ -86,9 +80,9 @@ front:intro yx6e 0 # Introduction to Zechariah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduc
|
|||
3:5 d1b9 Let them put 0 Here the word “them” refers to the other angels who were present.
|
||||
3:5 d26a turban 0 a long piece of cloth wrapped around the head
|
||||
3:6 v18s solemnly commanded Joshua 0 Alternate translation: “commanded Joshua in a very serious manner”
|
||||
3:7 l5ba rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism If you will walk in my ways, and if you will keep my commandments 0 These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Yahweh speaks of obeying him as if the person were walking along Yahweh’s paths. Alternate translation: “If you will obey me and keep my commandments” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
3:7 l5ba rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism If you will walk in my ways, and if you will keep my commandments 0 These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: “If you will obey me and keep my commandments”
|
||||
3:7 x34k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy you will govern my house and guard my courts 0 Here the word “house” is a metonym for the temple, while the word “courts” refers to the courtyards around the temple. Together the phrases mean that Joshua will have authority over the whole temple complex. Alternate translation: “you will have authority over my temple and its courtyards”
|
||||
3:7 mwk3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom to go and come among these who stand before me 0 The phrase “to go and come among” is an idiom that means that Joshua will be a part of this group and have the same privilege as they do of access to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “to come before me as these who stand here do” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
3:7 mwk3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom to go and come among these who stand before me 0 The phrase “to go and come among” is an idiom that means that Joshua will be a part of this group and have the same privilege as they do of access to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “to come before me as these who stand here do”
|
||||
3:8 jym9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit your companions who live with you 0 This phrase refers to other priests who would serve in the temple under the leadership of Joshua. Alternate translation: “the other priests who live with you”
|
||||
3:8 hp4q For these men are a sign 0 Here the word “sign” refers to something that communicates a special meaning to those who see it. Yahweh speaks of the priests serving in the temple as being this sign that shows that Yahweh will bring his servant.
|
||||
3:8 v7at rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor my servant the Branch 0 The word “Branch” refers to a messianic figure that would serve as king over Yahweh’s people. Yahweh speaks of this person as if he were a branch that grows out from a tree. Since the word “Branch” is a title, it should be translated with an equivalent word in your language.
|
||||
|
|
@ -105,7 +99,7 @@ front:intro yx6e 0 # Introduction to Zechariah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduc
|
|||
4:6 gn9k Connecting Statement: 0 # Connecting Statement:\n\nThe angel who speaks with Zechariah continues to explain the vision.
|
||||
4:6 y1pw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit Not by might nor by power 0 Since there is no verb in this phrase, it may be necessary in your language to supply one. Alternate translation: “You will not succeed by might nor by power”
|
||||
4:6 wt9s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet Not by might nor by power 0 This could mean: (1) that the words “might” and “power” mean basically the same thing and emphasize the greatness of Zerubbabel’s strength or (2) that the word “might” refers to military strength and the word “power” refers to Zerubbabel’s physical ability. Alternate translation: “Certainly not by your own strength” or “Not by military strength nor by your own power”
|
||||
4:7 abe2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor What are you, great mountain? Before Zerubbabel you will become a plain 0 This is a metaphor in which Yahweh speaks of the obstacles that Zerubbabel will face as if they were a large mountain. He asks this rhetorical question to emphasize that these obstacles pose no threat to Zerubbabel’s success. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You are nothing, great mountain! Zerubbabel will cause you to become a plain” or “Although obstacles may appear as large as mountains, Zerubbabel will overcome them as easily as one walks upon level ground” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
4:7 abe2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor What are you, great mountain? Before Zerubbabel you will become a plain 0 This is a metaphor in which Yahweh speaks of the obstacles that Zerubbabel will face as if they were a large mountain. Alternate translation: “You are nothing, great mountain! Zerubbabel will cause you to become a plain”
|
||||
4:7 k6l1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit he will bring out the top stone 0 The top stone is the last stone placed when building something. This refers to the top stone of the temple. Alternate translation: “he will bring out the top stone of the temple” or “he will complete the construction of the temple”
|
||||
4:7 cbj6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit to shouts of ‘Grace! Grace to it!’ 0 This could mean: (1) the word “grace” refers to God’s grace and the people are requesting that God bless the completed temple. Alternate translation: “while people shout, ‘May God bless it! May God bless it!’” or (2) the word “grace” refers to beauty and the people are declaring how beautiful the completed temple is. Alternate translation: “while people shout, ‘Beautiful! It is beautiful!’”
|
||||
4:8 j4n7 Connecting Statement: 0 # Connecting Statement:\n\nThe angel who speaks with Zechariah continues to explain the vision.
|
||||
|
|
@ -116,7 +110,7 @@ front:intro yx6e 0 # Introduction to Zechariah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduc
|
|||
4:10 a9tc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit the day of small things 0 “the time of small things.” This phrase refers to the time when the people were building the temple and appeared to be making little progress. Alternate translation: “the time when progress was slow”
|
||||
4:10 t9lp plumb stone 0 This refers to an instrument made with a heavy object attached to the end of a string that builders used to ensure that the walls of buildings were straight.
|
||||
4:10 ym4q These seven lamps 0 This phrase refers to the lamps that Zechariah saw in [Zechariah 4:2–3](./02.md).
|
||||
4:10 xm5j rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage These seven lamps are the eyes of Yahweh that roam over the whole earth 0 The seven lamps symbolize the eyes of Yahweh, but they are not literally the eyes of Yahweh. The angel speaks of Yahweh seeing everything that happens on the earth as if his eyes roamed over the whole earth. Alternate translation: “These seven lamps represent the eyes of Yahweh, who sees everything that happens on the earth” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
4:10 xm5j rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage These seven lamps are the eyes of Yahweh that roam over the whole earth 0 The seven lamps symbolize the eyes of Yahweh, but they are not literally the eyes of Yahweh. Alternate translation: “These seven lamps represent the eyes of Yahweh, who sees everything that happens on the earth”
|
||||
4:11 ac36 these two olive trees 0 This refers to the olive trees that Zechariah saw in [Zechariah 4:2–3](./02.md).
|
||||
4:12 t7zp What are these two olive branches 0 Here Zechariah changes his question and asks about branches that are connected to the two olive trees.
|
||||
4:12 brf2 the two gold pipes 0 These pipes were not mentioned in the previous description of Zechariah’s vision. It is possible that they are connected to the bowl on top of the lampstand and provide the oil with which the lampstand burns.
|
||||
|
|
@ -131,14 +125,13 @@ front:intro yx6e 0 # Introduction to Zechariah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduc
|
|||
5:1 ynu9 behold 0 The word “behold” here shows that Zechariah was surprised by what he saw.
|
||||
5:2 gh1w rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance twenty cubits long and ten cubits wide 0 A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “9.2 meters long and 4.6 meters wide”
|
||||
5:3 lv5p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy This is the curse 0 The word “this” refers to the scroll. The scroll is a metonym for what is written on the scroll. Alternate translation: “On this scroll is the curse”
|
||||
5:3 mys3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom that goes out over the surface of the whole land 0 The phrase “the surface of the whole land” refers to every place within the land. It is implied that the curse will apply to every person who lives in the land. Alternate translation: “that is upon every person within the whole land” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
5:3 iha6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor every thief will be cut off … everyone who swears a false oath will be cut off 0 Yahweh removing these people from the land is spoken of as if he were cutting them off, like a person would cut a branch from a tree. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will cut off every thief … Yahweh will cut off everyone who swears a false oath” or “Yahweh will remove every thief from the land … Yahweh will remove from the land everyone who swears a false oath” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
5:3 mys3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom that goes out over the surface of the whole land 0 The phrase “the surface of the whole land” refers to every place within the land. Alternate translation: “that is upon every person within the whole land”
|
||||
5:3 iha6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor every thief will be cut off … everyone who swears a false oath will be cut off 0 Yahweh removing these people from the land is spoken of as if he were cutting them off, like a person would cut a branch from a tree. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will cut off every thief … Yahweh will cut off everyone who swears a false oath”
|
||||
5:3 pu8h what it says on the one side … what it says on the other side 0 Alternate translation: “what the scroll says on one side … what the scroll says on the other side”
|
||||
5:4 jt2j I will send it out 0 Alternate translation: “I will send out the curse”
|
||||
5:4 alf7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person this is the declaration of Yahweh of hosts 0 Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Zechariah 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: “this is what Yahweh of hosts has declared” or “this is what I, Yahweh of hosts, have declared”
|
||||
5:4 y2v5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor consume its timber and stones 0 The curse destroying the houses of the thief and of the one who swears falsely is spoken of as if the curse would consume the building materials that people had used to build the houses. Alternate translation: “destroy its wood and stones” or “completely destroy it” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
5:4 y2v5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor consume its timber and stones 0 The curse destroying the houses of the thief and of the one who swears falsely is spoken of as if the curse would consume the building materials that people had used to build the houses. Alternate translation: “destroy its wood and stones”
|
||||
5:5 j4s3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche Raise your eyes 0 The word “eyes” represents the person who looks. Alternate translation: “Look up”
|
||||
5:6 mb23 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume This is a basket containing an ephah that is coming 0 An “ephah” is a unit of measurement for dry materials and is equal to 22 liters. Here the word is a metonym for the container that would hold an ephah of dry material. Alternate translation: “This is a measuring basket that is coming” or “This is a large container that is coming” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
5:6 mb23 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume This is a basket containing an ephah that is coming 0 An “ephah” is a unit of measurement for dry materials and is equal to 22 liters. Alternate translation: “This is a measuring basket that is coming”
|
||||
5:6 bcy6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage This is their iniquity in the whole land 0 The basket symbolizes the people’s iniquity, but it is not literally their iniquity. Alternate translation: “This basket represents the iniquity of the people throughout the whole land”
|
||||
5:7 un6a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive a lead covering was lifted off the basket 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: someone lifted a lead covering off the basket”
|
||||
5:7 nn4h there was a woman under it sitting in it 0 Alternate translation: “there was a woman under the lead covering sitting in the basket”
|
||||
|
|
@ -147,11 +140,11 @@ front:intro yx6e 0 # Introduction to Zechariah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduc
|
|||
5:9 zcp4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche I lifted my eyes 0 Here the word “eyes” represents the person who sees. Alternate translation: “I looked up”
|
||||
5:9 mt2r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom wind was in their wings 0 This idiom means that they were flying. Alternate translation: “they were flying”
|
||||
5:9 gde6 they had wings like a stork’s wings 0 A stork is a type of large bird that has a wingspan of two to four meters. Zechariah compares the size of the women’s wings with the size of the stork’s wings.
|
||||
5:9 xf59 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism They lifted up the basket between earth and heaven 0 The words “earth” and “heaven” form a merism that refer to the sky. It is implicit that the two women flew away with the basket. Alternate translation: “They lifted the basket up into the sky and flew away” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
5:9 xf59 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism They lifted up the basket between earth and heaven 0 The words “earth” and “heaven” form a merism that refer to the sky. It is implicit that the two women flew away with the basket. Alternate translation: “They lifted the basket up into the sky and flew away”
|
||||
5:11 dyi3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis To build a temple in the land of Shinar for it 0 The ellipsis can be supplied from the previous verse. Alternate translation: “They are taking the basket to the land of Shinar to build a temple for it”
|
||||
5:11 un6q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive the basket will be set there 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “they will set the basket there”
|
||||
5:11 gtm8 on its prepared base 0 The words “prepared base” refer to a pedestal or other kind of fixture upon which they will place the basket.
|
||||
6:intro z96r 0 # Zechariah 6 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter is written mainly in prose and tells the last vision of the four chariots in the first part of the chapter.\n\nSome translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetic song in 6:12–13.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Crown\n\nThe second part of the chapter is about a crown made for the high priest. This is an actual person, but the meaning of the word “branch” should be translated as his name. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/highpriest]])\n\n## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter\n\n### Meaning of the visions\n\nThe visions are stated and even when the prophet asked for an explanation, their true meaning is often obscure. This uncertainty should remain in your translation. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
|
||||
6:intro z96r 0 # Zechariah 6 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter is written mainly in prose and tells the last vision of the four chariots in the first part of the chapter.\n\nSome translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetic song in 6:12–13.\n\n## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter\n\n### Meaning of the visions\n\nThe visions are stated and even when the prophet asked for an explanation, their true meaning is often obscure. This uncertainty should remain in your translation. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
|
||||
6:1 wvi1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche lifted my eyes 0 Here the word “eyes” represents the person who sees. Alternate translation: “looked up”
|
||||
6:1 zj81 between two mountains; and the two mountains were made of bronze 0 Since the second phrase describes the mountains in the first phrase, the two phrases may be combined. Alternate translation: “between two bronze mountains”
|
||||
6:2 tw1y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit The first chariot had red horses 0 It is implicit that the horses were pulling the chariots. Alternate translation: “The first chariot had red horses pulling it” or “Red horses were pulling the first chariot”
|
||||
|
|
@ -162,8 +155,6 @@ front:intro yx6e 0 # Introduction to Zechariah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduc
|
|||
6:6 g5r6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the white horses are … the spotted gray horses are 0 Here the horses represent the chariots that they pull. Alternate translation: “the chariot with the white horses is … the chariot with the spotted gray horses is”
|
||||
6:8 ny4a he called out to me 0 Alternate translation: “the angel called out to me”
|
||||
6:8 n3x1 Look at the ones 0 Alternate translation: “Look at the black horses”
|
||||
6:8 c7ix rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy they will appease my spirit concerning the north country 0 The words “my spirit” refer to Yahweh, so many translations change this to read “Yahweh’s spirit.” This could mean: (1) the word “spirit” represents Yahweh’s emotions and appeasing his spirit means that the chariots will cause Yahweh no longer to be angry with the north country Alternate translation: “they will calm my anger concerning the north country” or (2) the word “spirit” represents Yahweh’s presence and the chariots will cause the Jews who live in the north land to experience Yahweh’s blessings. Alternate translation: “they will cause my spirit to rest in the north country”
|
||||
6:9 jej6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom the word of Yahweh came to me, saying 0 This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. Alternate translation: “Yahweh gave a message to me. He said” or “Yahweh spoke this message to me”
|
||||
6:10 fez9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Heldai, Tobijah, and Jedaiah 0 These are the names of men.
|
||||
6:10 m87p this same day 0 Alternate translation: “today”
|
||||
6:11 f66i rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Jehozadak 0 This is the name of a man.
|
||||
|
|
@ -172,28 +163,23 @@ front:intro yx6e 0 # Introduction to Zechariah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduc
|
|||
6:12 ihw2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor his name is Branch 0 The word “Branch” refers to a messianic figure that would serve as king over Yahweh’s people. Yahweh speaks of this person as if he were a branch that grows out from a tree. Since the word “Branch” is a title, it should be translated with an equivalent word in your language. See how you translated this name in [Zechariah 3:8](../03/08.md).
|
||||
6:12 w53q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor He will grow up where he is 0 The phrase “grow up” refers to the growth of a plant, and so continues the metaphor of this person as a “Branch.” This likely refers to this person appearing or coming into power as the one who would supervise the rebuilding of the temple.
|
||||
6:13 lm52 He will be a priest on his throne 0 This could mean: (1) the “Branch” will be both priest and king or (2) the “Branch” will be king, and another person will be a priest who will share the royal power. Alternate translation: “There will be a priest upon his throne”
|
||||
6:13 uyq6 he will bear a counsel of peace between the two 0 The words “the two” refer to the roles of king and priest. The meaning of this phrase depends upon the meaning of the previous phrase. This could mean: (1) the “Branch” will faithfully carry out his duties as both priest and king and not forsake one in order to fulfill the other or (2) the “Branch” who serves as king and the other person who serves as a priest will each carry out their duties faithfully and they will work together in peace.
|
||||
6:14 ea75 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive The crown will given 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You will give the crown”
|
||||
6:14 xn98 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Heldai, Tobijah, Jedaiah … Hen 0 These are the names of men. See how you translated these in [Zechariah 6:10](../06/10.md).
|
||||
6:14 f3px for Hen son of Zephaniah as a memorial 0 Some modern versions interpret this phrase as “as a memorial to the generosity of the son of Zephaniah” or “as a memorial to the one who is gracious, the son of Zephaniah.” Also, some modern versions interpret the name “Hen” as meaning the name “Josiah.”
|
||||
6:15 e6jp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit those who are far off 0 This refers to the Israelites who remain in Babylon.
|
||||
6:15 u2bz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you so you will know 0 The word “you” is plural and refers to the people of Israel.
|
||||
6:15 zqz3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy truly listen to the voice of Yahweh your God 0 Here to “listen” means to obey and the word “voice” represents the words that Yahweh speaks. Alternate translation: “truly obey what Yahweh your God says”
|
||||
7:intro meb2 0 # Zechariah 7 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter starts about two years after the previous chapter and is written in prose.\n\nSome translations prefer to set apart quotations. The ULT and many other English translations set the lines of 7:4–14, which is an extended quotation, farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Fasting\n\nThis chapter discusses fasting. People were asking the same questions as those from previous generations. The Israelites were asking these same questions before they were exiled from their land.
|
||||
7:intro meb2 0 # Zechariah 7 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter starts about two years after the previous chapter and is written in prose.\n\nSome translations prefer to set apart quotations. The ULT and many other English translations set the lines of 7:4–14, which is an extended quotation, farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text.\n
|
||||
7:1 v1rz rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal on the fourth day 0 “on day 4”
|
||||
7:1 vut4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths Kislev (which was the ninth month) 0 “Kislev” is the ninth month of the Hebrew calendar. The fourth day of Kislev is near the end of November on Western calendars. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
7:1 t9mu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom the word of Yahweh came to Zechariah 0 This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. Alternate translation: “Yahweh gave a message to Zechariah” or “Yahweh spoke this message to Zechariah”
|
||||
7:1 vut4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths Kislev (which was the ninth month) 0 “Kislev” is the ninth month of the Hebrew calendar. The fourth day of Kislev is near the end of November on Western calendars.
|
||||
7:2 sb2z rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Sharezer and Regem-Melek 0 These are the names of men.
|
||||
7:2 y9hy beg 0 Here the word “beg” means to plead or ask urgently.
|
||||
7:2 b1wi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy before the face of Yahweh 0 Here “face” is a metonym for Yahweh’s presence. Alternate translation: “in the presence of Yahweh”
|
||||
7:3 kg2p They spoke … they said 0 The word “they” refers to Sharezer and Regem Melek.
|
||||
7:3 ty6c rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal Should I mourn in the fifth month 0 “Should I mourn in month 5.” The assumed knowledge is that the Jewish people fasted during a part of the fifth month of the Hebrew calendar because this is when the Babylonians destroyed the temple in Jerusalem. The fifth month is during the last part of July and the first part of August on Western calendars. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]])
|
||||
7:3 i8ej by means of a fast 0 Alternate translation: “by fasting”
|
||||
7:4 g84y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom the word of Yahweh of hosts came to me, saying 0 This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. Alternate translation: “Yahweh of hosts gave me a message. He said” or “Yahweh of hosts spoke this message to me”
|
||||
7:5 wdh2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal in the fifth and in the seventh month 0 “in months 5 and 7”
|
||||
7:5 v5v5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis in the fifth 0 The word “month” can be supplied in translation. Alternate translation: “in the fifth month”
|
||||
7:5 tfh8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit in the seventh month 0 The assumed knowledge is that the Jews mourned during a part of the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar because in this month the remaining Jews in Jerusalem fled to Egypt after the murder of Gedaliah, whom the king of Babylon appointed as governor over Judah. The seventh month is during the last part of September and the first part of October on Western calendars. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]])
|
||||
7:5 d7zd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit for these seventy years 0 The assumed knowledge is that the people of Israel had been slaves in Babylon for 70 years. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
7:5 tfh8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit in the seventh month 0 The assumed knowledge is that the Jews mourned during a part of the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar because in this month the remaining Jews in Jerusalem fled to Egypt after the murder of Gedaliah, whom the king of Babylon appointed as governor over Judah.
|
||||
7:5 d7zd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit for these seventy years 0 The assumed knowledge is that the people of Israel had been slaves in Babylon for 70 years.
|
||||
7:5 n3dw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion were you truly fasting for me? 0 This question is asked to make the people think about what their real reason for fasting had been. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “you were not really fasting for me.”
|
||||
7:6 p43p When you ate and drank 0 This could mean: (1) when they feasted and drank when celebrating religious festivals or (2) when they ate and drank whenever they were not fasting.
|
||||
7:6 ax5v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion did you not eat and drink for yourselves? 0 This question is used to make the people think about whether they were honoring Yahweh when they ate and drank. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “it was for yourselves that you ate and drank.”
|
||||
|
|
@ -201,7 +187,6 @@ front:intro yx6e 0 # Introduction to Zechariah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduc
|
|||
7:7 dqw4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy by the mouth of the former prophets 0 Here “mouth” is a metonym for the words spoken by the mouth. Alternate translation: “by the words of the former prophets” or “through the former prophets”
|
||||
7:7 n812 you still inhabited Jerusalem 0 Alternate translation: “you still lived in Jerusalem”
|
||||
7:7 vp7q foothills 0 hills at the base of a mountain or mountain range
|
||||
7:8 jsk3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom The word of Yahweh came to Zechariah, saying 0 This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. Alternate translation: “Yahweh gave a message to Zechariah. He said” or “Yahweh spoke this message to Zechariah”
|
||||
7:9 v17g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns Judge with true justice, covenant faithfulness, and mercy 0 The abstract nouns “justice,” “faithfulness,” and “mercy” can be stated as adjectives. Alternate translation: “When you judge, be just, faithful to the covenant, and merciful”
|
||||
7:9 k9pm Let each man do this 0 The word “this” refers to how a person should judge.
|
||||
7:10 b2r9 widow 0 a woman whose husband has died
|
||||
|
|
@ -210,14 +195,13 @@ front:intro yx6e 0 # Introduction to Zechariah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduc
|
|||
7:10 jdb5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy let none of you plot any harm against another in your heart 0 Here “heart” represents the thoughts of a person. Alternate translation: “you must not make plans to do evil”
|
||||
7:11 l8vz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor set their shoulders stubbornly 0 This is an image of an ox refusing to allow its owner to put a yoke on its shoulders. This metaphor represents the people being stubborn. Alternate translation: “became stubborn”
|
||||
7:11 if1l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor They stopped up their ears so they would not hear 0 This is an image of people putting something into their ears so they would not hear the message from Yahweh. This metaphor represents the people not being willing to hear and obey. Alternate translation: “They refused to listen”
|
||||
7:12 ieh1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile They made their hearts as hard as rock so they would not hear the law or the words of Yahweh of hosts 0 The people refusing to hear and obey Yahweh are compared to their being as unyielding as rock. Here the heart represents the will of a person. Alternate translation: “They stubbornly refused to hear the law or the words of Yahweh of hosts”
|
||||
7:12 ieh1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile They made their hearts as hard as rock so they would not hear the law or the words of Yahweh of hosts 0 The people refusing to hear and obey Yahweh are compared to their being as unyielding as rock. Alternate translation: “They stubbornly refused to hear the law or the words of Yahweh of hosts”
|
||||
7:12 j76s in earlier times 0 Alternate translation: “in the past”
|
||||
7:12 z4q7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy by the mouth of the prophets 0 Here the “mouth of the prophets” is a metonym for the words that the prophets speak. Alternate translation: “through the words of the prophets”
|
||||
7:14 hga8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor I will scatter them with a whirlwind 0 Yahweh speaks of how he will scatter the people as if a whirlwind were scattering everything in its path. Alternate translation: “I will scatter them as a whirlwind scatters things”
|
||||
7:14 x4q6 whirlwind 0 a strong wind that spins very quickly as it moves and can cause damage
|
||||
7:14 c1xg delightful land 0 Alternate translation: “pleasant land” or “fruitful land”
|
||||
8:intro uri7 0 # Zechariah 8 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter is a series of sayings from Yahweh of hosts. Each saying is an encouraging note for those returning from the exile to the land of Judah and Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/yahwehofhosts]])
|
||||
8:1 eh47 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom The word of Yahweh of hosts came to me, saying 0 This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated this in [Zechariah 7:4](../07/04.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh of hosts gave me a message. He said” or “Yahweh of hosts spoke this message to me, saying”
|
||||
8:2 rx8t I am passionate for Zion 0 Alternate translation: “I have a strong desire to protect Zion”
|
||||
8:2 vc1c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy for Zion 0 Here “Zion” represents the people of Zion. Alternate translation: “for the people of Zion” or “for the people of Jerusalem”
|
||||
8:2 w6qx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit with great anger 0 The implied information is that this anger is against the enemies of Zion. Alternate translation: “with great anger against her enemies”
|
||||
|
|
@ -228,9 +212,8 @@ front:intro yx6e 0 # Introduction to Zechariah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduc
|
|||
8:6 n3ga rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor If something seems impossible in the eyes of 0 The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “If something does not appear to be possible to”
|
||||
8:6 d5cx the remnant of this people 0 Alternate translation: “the people of Judah who survive”
|
||||
8:6 c478 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor in my eyes 0 The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “to me”
|
||||
8:6 kp58 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person this is Yahweh’s declaration 0 Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Zechariah 1:4](../01/04.md). Alternate translation: “this is what Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, Yahweh, have declared”
|
||||
8:7 f4bz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit I am about to rescue my people 0 The implied information is that the people are in exile. “I am about to rescue my people of Judah who went into exile”
|
||||
8:7 x6hq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism from the land of the sunrise and from the land of the setting sun 0 This could mean: (1) this is a poetic way of expressing specific countries to which the people were exiled. Alternate translation: “From the land to the east and from the land to the west” or (2) this is a merism that means from all directions. Alternate translation: “from all lands in every direction”
|
||||
8:7 x6hq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism from the land of the sunrise and from the land of the setting sun 0 This is a merism that means from all directions. Alternate translation: “from all lands in every direction”
|
||||
8:8 bcy7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns I will be their God in truth and in righteousness 0 This can be rewritten to remove the abstract nouns “truth” and “righteousness.” Alternate translation: “I will be their God. I will be faithful to them and act toward them in a just manner”
|
||||
8:9 h94j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom Strengthen your hands 0 This is an idiom that means to be courageous for the work. Alternate translation: “Be strong and courageous”
|
||||
8:10 h2cs For before those days 0 Here “those days” refers to the time the people of Judah started to rebuild the temple.
|
||||
|
|
@ -241,13 +224,11 @@ front:intro yx6e 0 # Introduction to Zechariah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduc
|
|||
8:11 cg9b But now it will not be as in former days, I will be with the remnant of this people 0 Alternate translation: “But I will not treat the remnant of this people now as I did in former days”
|
||||
8:11 pcv2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit in former days 0 “in the past.” The implied information is that this refers to the time when the people started rebuilding the temple.
|
||||
8:11 k5pg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit the remnant of this people 0 The implied information is that this is the remnant of the people who returned from exile. Alternate translation: “the people who returned from exile”
|
||||
8:11 ec3e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person this is the declaration of Yahweh of hosts 0 Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Zechariah 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: “this is what Yahweh of hosts has declared” or “this is what I, Yahweh of hosts, have declared”
|
||||
8:12 sdy1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive seeds of peace will be sown 0 This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “the people will safely sow seed”
|
||||
8:12 nk96 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor the earth will give its produce; the skies will give their dew 0 The earth and skies are spoken of as if they were persons giving what is needed.
|
||||
8:12 gq8d inherit all these things 0 Alternate translation: “to have all these things”
|
||||
8:13 y21m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit You were an example to the other nations of a curse 0 The implied information is that the way Yahweh had allowed the temple to be destroyed and his people to be exiled had been used by other nations as an example of what it meant to be cursed by Yahweh. Alternate translation: “When I punished you, the other nations learned what happens when I curse a people”
|
||||
8:13 mk9i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy house of Judah and house of Israel 0 The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the people in the kingdoms of Judah and Israel. Alternate translation: “people of Judah and Israel”
|
||||
8:13 sqv8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit you will be a blessing 0 This could mean: (1) the implied information is that the people of Judah and Israel would be a blessing to the nations around them. Alternate translation: “you will be a blessing to the surrounding nations” or (2) the implied information is that the nations around them would see what it meant to be blessed by Yahweh. Alternate translation: when I bless you, the other nations will learn what happens when I bless a people” or (3) Yahweh will bless the people of Judah and Israel. Alternate translation: “I will give you many good things”
|
||||
8:13 msq7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom let your hands be strong 0 This is an idiom that means to be courageous for the work. Alternate translation: “be strong and courageous”
|
||||
8:13 v8du rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy house of Judah and house of Israel 0 The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the people in the kingdom of Judah. Alternate translation: “people of Judah”
|
||||
8:14 z32e do harm to you 0 Alternate translation: “punish you”
|
||||
|
|
@ -259,13 +240,11 @@ front:intro yx6e 0 # Introduction to Zechariah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduc
|
|||
8:16 m4ld his neighbor 0 Here “neighbor” means any person, not just someone who lives nearby.
|
||||
8:16 u5kf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns Judge with truth, justice, and peace in your gates 0 This can be restated to remove the abstract nouns “truth,” “justice,” and “peace.” Alternate translation: “When you are making decisions in your gates, judge in a way that is true and just and causes people to live peacefully with each other”
|
||||
8:16 k4ez rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit in your gates 0 The assumed knowledge is that this refers to the places where judgment took place. Alternate translation: “in your places of judgment”
|
||||
8:17 l5wh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person this is Yahweh’s declaration 0 Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Zechariah 1:4](../01/04.md). Alternate translation: “this is what Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, Yahweh, have declared”
|
||||
8:18 u3xt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom the word of Yahweh of hosts came to me, saying 0 This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated this in [Zechariah 7:4](../07/04.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh of hosts gave me a message. He said” or “Yahweh of hosts spoke this message to me, saying”
|
||||
8:18 uuz1 came to me 0 Here “me” refers to Zechariah.
|
||||
8:19 hr3x rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal The fasts of the fourth month, the fifth month, the seventh month, and the tenth month 0 “The fasts of months 4, 5, 7, and 10”
|
||||
8:19 x9kp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit The fasts of the fourth month 0 The assumed knowledge is that the Jews mourned during a part of the fourth month of the Hebrew calendar because this is when the Babylonians broke through the walls of Jerusalem. The fourth month is during the last part of June and the first part of July on Western calendars. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]])
|
||||
8:19 je6q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit the fifth month 0 The assumed knowledge is that the Jewish people fasted during a part of the fifth month of the Hebrew calendar because this is when the Babylonians destroyed the temple in Jerusalem. The fifth month is during the last part of July and the first part of August on Western calendars. See how you translated this in [Zechariah 7:3](../07/03.md). (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]])
|
||||
8:19 h4zn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit the seventh month 0 The assumed knowledge is that the Jews mourned during a part of the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar because in this month the remaining Jews in Jerusalem fled to Egypt after the murder of Gedaliah, whom the king of Babylon appointed as governor over Judah. The seventh month is during the last part of September and the first part of October on Western calendars. See how you translated this in [Zechariah 7:5](../07/05.md). (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]])
|
||||
8:19 x9kp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit The fasts of the fourth month 0 The assumed knowledge is that the Jews mourned during a part of the fourth month of the Hebrew calendar because this is when the Babylonians broke through the walls of Jerusalem.
|
||||
8:19 je6q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit the fifth month 0 The assumed knowledge is that the Jewish people fasted during a part of the fifth month of the Hebrew calendar because this is when the Babylonians destroyed the temple in Jerusalem.
|
||||
8:19 h4zn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit the seventh month 0 The assumed knowledge is that the Jews mourned during a part of the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar because in this month the remaining Jews in Jerusalem fled to Egypt after the murder of Gedaliah, whom the king of Babylon appointed as governor over Judah.
|
||||
8:19 qk5a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit the tenth month 0 The assumed knowledge is that the Jews mourned during a part of the tenth month of the Hebrew calendar because this is when the Babylonians began their siege against Jerusalem. The tenth month is during the last part of December and the first part of January on Western calendars. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]])
|
||||
8:19 v6ls rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns times of joy, gladness, and happy festivals 0 The abstract nouns “joy” and “gladness” can be translated using adjectives. Alternate translation: “joyful and glad times, with happy festivals”
|
||||
8:19 vyd5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the house of Judah 0 The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the people in the kingdom of Judah, which included the descendants of Judah and Benjamin. Alternate translation: “the people of Judah”
|
||||
|
|
@ -279,9 +258,9 @@ front:intro yx6e 0 # Introduction to Zechariah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduc
|
|||
8:23 vw6j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit will grasp the hem of your robe 0 The implied information is that the foreigners will grab their robe to get their attention. Alternate translation: “will grasp the hem of your robe to get your attention”
|
||||
8:23 ed1e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit Let us go with you 0 The implied information is that people of God are going to Jerusalem. Alternate translation: “Let us go to Jerusalem with you”
|
||||
8:23 wc2l God is with you 0 Alternate translation: “God is with you people”
|
||||
9:intro lyp2 0 # Zechariah 9 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter is written mainly in prose about the cities and peoples around where Israel stood as a country until the exile.\n\nSome translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetic song in 9:9–10.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Prophecies against other nations\n\nThe first two verses show that the prophecy concerns neighboring countries. Hamath, Damscus, Tyre and Sidon are cities in areas that were near Israel. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
|
||||
9:intro lyp2 0 # Zechariah 9 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter is written mainly in prose about the cities and peoples around where Israel stood as a country until the exile.\n\nSome translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetic song in 9:9–10.\n
|
||||
9:1 gn78 This is a declaration of Yahweh’s word concerning 0 Alternate translation: “This is Yahweh’s message about”
|
||||
9:1 fjj8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the land of Hadrak and Damascus 0 Here “Hadrak” and “Damascus” refer to the people who live in those places. Alternate translation: “the people of the land of Hadrak and the city Damascus” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
9:1 fjj8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the land of Hadrak and Damascus 0 Here “Hadrak” and “Damascus” refer to the people who live in those places. Alternate translation: “the people of the land of Hadrak and the city Damascus”
|
||||
9:1 xk5a Hadrak 0 The location of Hadrak is unknown today.
|
||||
9:1 q7lh its resting place 0 Alternate translation: “the resting place of the people of Hadrak”
|
||||
9:1 fi2z for the eyes of all humanity and all the tribes of Israel are toward Yahweh 0 Some versions translate this as “for Yahweh’s eye is on all mankind and on the tribes of Israel.”
|
||||
|
|
@ -303,7 +282,7 @@ front:intro yx6e 0 # Introduction to Zechariah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduc
|
|||
9:8 lp3e for now 0 Alternate translation: “For at that time”
|
||||
9:8 gnt8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy I see with my own eyes 0 Here “my own eyes” represent Yahweh’s personal attention. Alternate translation: “I will personally watch over my land”
|
||||
9:9 iqk3 0 # General Information:\n\nYahweh appears to be the speaker in verses 9–13.
|
||||
9:9 u6p1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism Shout with great joy, daughter of Zion! Shout with happiness, daughter of Jerusalem! 0 These two sentences mean the same thing and intensify the command to rejoice. Yahweh is speaking to the people of Jerusalem as if they were present, but they were not there. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])
|
||||
9:9 u6p1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism Shout with great joy, daughter of Zion! Shout with happiness, daughter of Jerusalem! 0 These two sentences mean the same thing and intensify the command to rejoice.
|
||||
9:9 apz5 daughter of Zion … daughter of Jerusalem 0 “Zion” is the same as “Jerusalem.” The prophet speaks of the city as if it is a daughter. See how you translated “daughter of Zion” in [Zechariah 2:10](../02/10.md).
|
||||
9:9 sey9 Behold! 0 This alerts the reader to pay special attention to the surprising statement that follows. Alternate translation: “Pay attention!” or “Here is a surprising fact!”
|
||||
9:9 ke7v Your king is coming to you with righteousness and is rescuing you 0 Alternate translation: “Your king is righteous and is coming to rescue you”
|
||||
|
|
@ -321,7 +300,7 @@ front:intro yx6e 0 # Introduction to Zechariah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduc
|
|||
9:12 v54r prisoners of hope 0 This expression refers to the Israelites in exile who were still trusting in God to rescue them. Alternate translation: “prisoners who still hope in Yahweh”
|
||||
9:12 xt6s return double to you 0 Alternate translation: “return to you twice as much as was taken from you”
|
||||
9:13 sjg3 Zion 0 This refers to the city of Jerusalem, also called “Zion.”
|
||||
9:13 mwe7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor I have bent Judah as my bow 0 The people of Judah are referred to as if they were a bow carried by God into battle. Here “Judah” refers to the people of that nation. Alternate translation: “I will cause the people of Judah to be like my bow” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
9:13 mwe7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor I have bent Judah as my bow 0 The people of Judah are referred to as if they were a bow carried by God into battle. Alternate translation: “I will cause the people of Judah to be like my bow”
|
||||
9:13 ki73 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor filled my quiver with Ephraim 0 Yahweh speaks of the people of Israel, the northern kingdom, as if they were arrows that he would shoot at his enemies. A quiver is a bag that holds a soldier’s arrows.
|
||||
9:13 es7k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy I have roused your sons, Zion, against your sons, Greece 0 God is speaking to the people of two different nations at the same time.
|
||||
9:14 h8w9 0 # General Information:\n\nIn verses 14–16, Zechariah describes how Yahweh will rescue Israel from their enemies.
|
||||
|
|
@ -333,30 +312,26 @@ front:intro yx6e 0 # Introduction to Zechariah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduc
|
|||
9:15 l59u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor will devour 0 To completely defeat enemies is spoken of as devouring them as a wild animal eats its prey. Alternate translation: “will completely defeat”
|
||||
9:15 fq6x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy defeat the stones of the slings 0 Slings to throw stones were a common weapon in the days of Zechariah. Here the “stones of the slings” represent the soldiers who were using them to attack Israel. Alternate translation: “defeat the enemies who attack them with slings and stones”
|
||||
9:15 ure5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile Then they will drink and shout like men drunk on wine 0 The people of Judah will shout and celebrate their victory over their enemies as if they were noisy drunks. Alternate translation: “Then they will shout and celebrate their victory as loudly as if they were drunk”
|
||||
9:15 t8ng rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile they will be filled with wine like bowls 0 This probably refers to the bowls that the priests used to carry animal’s blood to the altar. Alternate translation: “they will be as full of wine as the basins with which priests carry blood to the altar” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
9:15 h8j2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile like the corners of the altar 0 Altars had projecting corners that were drenched in animal blood. Alternate translation: “they will be drenched as the corners of the altar are covered in blood” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
9:16 t4gy 0 # General Information:\n\nIn verses 14–16, Zechariah describes how Yahweh will rescue Israel from their enemies.
|
||||
9:15 t8ng rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile they will be filled with wine like bowls 0 This probably refers to the bowls that the priests used to carry animal’s blood to the altar. Alternate translation: “they will be as full of wine as the basins with which priests carry blood to the altar”
|
||||
9:15 h8j2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile like the corners of the altar 0 Altars had projecting corners that were drenched in animal blood. Alternate translation: “they will be drenched as the corners of the altar are covered in blood”
|
||||
9:16 i4qw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile God will rescue them … as the flock of his people 0 The people of Israel are spoken of as if they are God’s sheep that he cares for and protects.
|
||||
9:16 kyv5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor They are the jewels of a crown 0 The people of Israel are spoken of as if they were the expensive jewels in the crown of a king that show how glorious he is. Alternate translation: “They will be like beautiful stones in a crown”
|
||||
9:17 udt9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations How good and how beautiful they will be! 0 This is an exclamation, and not a question. Alternate translation: “They will be very good and beautiful!”
|
||||
9:17 rzm2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism The young men will flourish on grain and the virgins on sweet wine! 0 This sentence uses a parallel structure to express that everyone will have plenty to eat and drink. If your readers might think that only the men ate and only the women drank, you may want to adjust the wording. Alternate translation: “All of the people, both men and women, will have plenty of grain to eat and sweet wine to drink!”
|
||||
9:17 uf1p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism The young men … the virgins 0 These two phrases are parallel and together represent the entire population of Israel. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
9:17 x8zq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism grain … sweet wine 0 These two phrases are parallel and together represent all of the different kinds of the food and drink. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
10:intro jmh9 0 # Zechariah 10 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter is written mainly in prose but still uses figurative language as the writer shares a message of redemption and hope for the exiles. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/redeem]])\n\nSome translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetic song in 10:1–2.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Redemption\n\nThis book, and especially this chapter, uses the concepts of redemption and remnant to share the relationship that the people of Judah have with their God. So many of the people of Israel perished as their kingdom went into exile. Now they are returning to the land, but the land is no longer theirs. They are living under foreign rule. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/redeem]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/remnant]])
|
||||
9:17 uf1p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism The young men … the virgins 0 These two phrases are parallel.
|
||||
9:17 x8zq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism grain … sweet wine 0 These two phrases are parallel.
|
||||
10:intro jmh9 0 # Zechariah 10 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter is written mainly in prose but still uses figurative language as the writer shares a message of redemption and hope for the exiles. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/redeem]])\n\nSome translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetic song in 10:1–2.
|
||||
10:1 ybt5 vegetation in the field 0 Alternate translation: “causes plants to grow in the field”
|
||||
10:2 wcl5 household idols speak falsely 0 “household idols give false messages.” Zechariah is not suggesting that idols actually speak. He is referring to the messages people say they hear from idols. The UST makes this explicit.
|
||||
10:2 tc8c diviners envision a lie 0 Alternate translation: “diviners see false visions”
|
||||
10:2 e8gu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit they tell deceitful dreams 0 It is implied that they know these dreams are false. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “diviners lie about their dreams in order to deceive people”
|
||||
10:2 xi1f empty comfort 0 This refers to words that sooth temporarily, but do not provide any longterm help.
|
||||
10:2 nb46 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile they wander like sheep 0 The people who do not have true prophets who tell the truth are spoken of as sheep who do not have a shepherd to tell them where to go. Alternate translation: “the people who listen to the false prophets are like sheep who do not know which way to go”
|
||||
10:2 zr2e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile they … suffer because there is no shepherd 0 The people who do not have true prophets are spoken of as sheep who suffer because they do not have a shepherd to tell them where to go. Alternate translation: “the people who listen to the false prophets … are suffering like sheep who do not have a shepherd to guide them”
|
||||
10:3 e9x1 0 # General Information:\n\nIt is unclear whether Yahweh is speaking, or if Zechariah is speaking for Yahweh in verses 3–5.
|
||||
10:3 iq7u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor My wrath burns against the shepherds 0 Here “the shepherds” represent the leaders of God’s people. The intensity of Yahweh’s anger is spoken of as if it was a blazing fire. Alternate translation: “My anger toward the shepherds of my people is as intense as a fire” or “I am very angry with the leaders of my people”
|
||||
10:3 ir6n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor it is the male goats—the leaders—that I will punish 0 Male goats are typically more dominant than female goats. Here “male goats” represents the oppressive leaders of God’s people.
|
||||
10:3 r33n Yahweh of hosts will also attend to his flock, the house of Judah 0 Here Yahweh’s care for his people is spoken of as a shepherd cares for his sheep. Alternate translation: “Yahweh of hosts will take care of the house of Judah as a shepherd cares for his sheep”
|
||||
10:3 t1tc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the house of Judah 0 The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the people of Judah, which included the descendants of Judah and Benjamin. Alternate translation: “Judah” or “the people of Judah”
|
||||
10:3 dd5g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor make them like his warhorse in battle 0 Yahweh changes the metaphor for his people from defenseless sheep to a mighty war horse. He speaks of his people as if they were a strong horse in battle. Alternate translation: “will cause them to be strong like war horses in battle” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
10:4 l1sr 0 # General Information:\n\nIt is unclear whether Yahweh is speaking, or if Zechariah is speaking for Yahweh in verses 3–5.
|
||||
10:3 dd5g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor make them like his warhorse in battle 0 Yahweh changes the metaphor for his people from defenseless sheep to a mighty war horse. Alternate translation: “will cause them to be strong like war horses in battle”
|
||||
10:4 se8u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor From Judah will come the cornerstone 0 “The cornerstone will come from Judah.” The most important ruler is spoken of as if he where the main foundation stone of a building. Alternate translation: “One of the descendants of Judah will become the most important ruler”
|
||||
10:4 xep2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage the cornerstone … the tent peg … the war bow 0 This could mean: (1) they may be symbolic language that refers to the Messiah who will come from the tribe of Judah or (2) they may refer to different leaders who will come from Judah.
|
||||
10:4 q653 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor from him will come the tent peg 0 “the tent peg will come from him.” The tent pegs held the ropes that supported tents in which people lived. Here the most important ruler is spoken of as if he where the main peg that holds a tent in place. Alternate translation: “the leader who will hold the nation together will come from Judah”
|
||||
|
|
@ -369,9 +344,9 @@ front:intro yx6e 0 # Introduction to Zechariah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduc
|
|||
10:6 skk5 0 # General Information:\n\nIn verses 6–12, Yahweh is speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
10:6 tf8l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the house of Judah 0 The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Judah, which included the descendants of Judah and Benjamin. Alternate translation: “Judah” or “the kingdom of Judah” or “the people of Judah”
|
||||
10:6 q4yn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the house of Joseph 0 The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Israel. Alternate translation: “Israel” or “the kingdom of Israel” or “the people of Israel”
|
||||
10:6 b62v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor I had not cast them off 0 This speaks of the people as a torn or dirty garment that Yahweh took off and threw away. This symbolizes rejection. Alternate translation: “I had not rejected them” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
10:7 zfa5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile Ephraim will be like a warrior 0 “Ephraim” refers here to the northern kingdom of Israel. Warriors are strong. Alternate translation: “Ephraim will be very strong”
|
||||
10:7 pg8l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche their hearts will rejoice as with wine 0 Here “hearts” refers to the whole person. They will have the same joy as a person who is enjoying drinking wine. Alternate translation: “and they will be very happy” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
10:6 b62v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor I had not cast them off 0 This speaks of the people as a torn or dirty garment that Yahweh took off and threw away. Alternate translation: “I had not rejected them”
|
||||
10:7 zfa5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile Ephraim will be like a warrior 0 “Ephraim” refers here to the northern kingdom of Israel. Alternate translation: “Ephraim will be very strong”
|
||||
10:7 pg8l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche their hearts will rejoice as with wine 0 Here “hearts” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “and they will be very happy”
|
||||
10:7 u9gr their children will see and rejoice. Their hearts will rejoice in me! 0 Alternate translation: “their children will see what has taken place and will be happy because of what Yahweh has done for them!”
|
||||
10:8 rt4z 0 # General Information:\n\nIn verses 6–12, Yahweh is speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
10:8 h3zu I will whistle 0 To whistle is to produce a high, shrill sound with air through narrowed lips. It is often done to give a signal to other people, as here.
|
||||
|
|
@ -379,14 +354,13 @@ front:intro yx6e 0 # Introduction to Zechariah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduc
|
|||
10:10 qvy9 until there is no more room for them 0 The people will continue to go back to Judah and it will become crowded with no room for any more people to live there. This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “and they will completely fill the land”
|
||||
10:11 gh3n 0 # General Information:\n\nIn verses 6–12, Yahweh is speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
10:11 kec9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor I will pass through the sea of their affliction 0 Scripture often refers to the sea as an image of many troubles and hardships. Here Yahweh speaks of himself accompanying the people to help them go through these afflictions. Alternate translation: “I will go with them and help them as they go through their many afflictions”
|
||||
10:11 sq3e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom I will strike the waves of that sea 0 Here to “strike” the waves is an idiom that means he will stop the waves from forming. Stopping the afflictions of his people is spoken of as calming the waves of that sea. Alternate translation: “I will cause the waves of that sea of affliction to stop” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
10:11 sq3e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom I will strike the waves of that sea 0 Here to “strike” the waves is an idiom that means he will stop the waves from forming. Alternate translation: “I will cause the waves of that sea of affliction to stop”
|
||||
10:11 ve5n will dry up all the depths of the Nile 0 Alternate translation: “I will cause the Nile River to lose all its water”
|
||||
10:11 h8a4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy The majesty of Assyria will be brought down 0 Here “the majesty of Assyria” probably refers to the Assyrian army. Alternate translation: “I will destroy Assyria’s proud army”
|
||||
10:11 g3sx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the scepter of Egypt will go away from the Egyptians 0 Here “the scepter of Egypt” refers to the political power of Egypt. Alternate translation: “the power of Egypt to rule other nations will end”
|
||||
10:12 wnc7 I will strengthen them in myself 0 Alternate translation: “I will cause them to be strong and to believe in me”
|
||||
10:12 dh7y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person this is Yahweh’s declaration 0 Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Zechariah 1:4](../01/04.md). Alternate translation: “this is what Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, Yahweh, have declared”
|
||||
11:intro up7e 0 # Zechariah 11 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter unlike the previous one is a warning against the leaders amongst the exiles.\n\nSome translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetic song in 11:1–3, 17.\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Metaphor\n\nThis chapter uses an extended metaphor of sheep and shepherds to convey Yahweh’s dismay at the leaders during the exiles. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])\n\n### Symbolism\n\nThe writer uses symbolism. Zechariah is told to become a shepherd. He uses two staffs and names them “Unity” and “Favor.” He does this very purposefully. In order to preserve this symbolism, it is important to pay attention to the specific words used. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/favor]])
|
||||
11:1 d6vm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Open your doors, Lebanon, that fire may devour 0 Not resisting what is about to happen is spoken of as if Lebanon were opening its doors. Here “Lebanon” is a metonym that represents the people of Lebanon. Alternate translation: “People of Lebanon, get ready, because fire will devour” or “People of Lebanon, do not try to stop the fire that will devour” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
11:1 d6vm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Open your doors, Lebanon, that fire may devour 0 Not resisting what is about to happen is spoken of as if Lebanon were opening its doors. Alternate translation: “People of Lebanon, get ready, because fire will devour”
|
||||
11:1 kmf3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor fire may devour your cedars 0 Fire completely burning up the cedars is spoken of as if the fire would devour the cedars. Alternate translation: “fire may completely destroy your cedars” or “fire may completely burn up your cedars”
|
||||
11:2 fu2k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification Lament, cypress trees, for the cedar trees have fallen 0 Cypress trees are spoken of as if they could grieve like a human. Alternate translation: “If the trees were people, they would cry out in sorrow. The cypress trees stand alone because the cedars have burned and fallen”
|
||||
11:2 fq53 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive What was majestic has been devastated 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The majestic cedar trees are no more” or “The cedar trees were once majestic, but now they are ruined”
|
||||
|
|
@ -394,10 +368,8 @@ front:intro yx6e 0 # Introduction to Zechariah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduc
|
|||
11:3 pb1q The shepherds howl 0 Alternate translation: “The shepherds cry out loudly”
|
||||
11:3 ji77 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy for their glory has been destroyed 0 Here “their glory” probably represents the rich pastures that the shepherds led their sheep to. Alternate translation: “for their rich pastures are ruined”
|
||||
11:3 h9cl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy for the pride of the Jordan River has been devastated 0 Here “the pride” probably represents the forests that grew near the Jordan River. Alternate translation: “because the trees and shrubbery where they lived by the Jordan River are ruined”
|
||||
11:4 zxx9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction 0 # General Information:\n\nIn 11:4–17 is a story about two shepherds. This could mean: (1) Zechariah actually became a shepherd over a flock as a symbolic act showing how Yahweh will treat his people or (2) Zechariah tells a parable that teaches how Yahweh will treat his people. Since it is uncertain which of these meanings is correct, it would be best not to specify either option in the translation. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
|
||||
11:4 u48q watch over the flock set aside for slaughter 0 Alternate translation: “take care of a flock of sheep that the owners plan to slaughter”
|
||||
11:5 ip1w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive are not punished 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “no one punishes them”
|
||||
11:6 ljs6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person this is Yahweh’s declaration 0 Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Zechariah 1:4](../01/04.md). Alternate translation: “this is what Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, Yahweh, have declared”
|
||||
11:6 f3ps See! 0 Alternate translation: “Listen!” or “Pay attention!”
|
||||
11:6 t499 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns I myself 0 The word “myself” is used to emphasize that it is Yahweh who will do these things.
|
||||
11:6 qz87 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy turn over every person into the hand of his neighbor and into the hand of his king 0 Here “hand” represents power or control. Alternate translation: “allow the people to harm each other and the king will oppress them”
|
||||
|
|
@ -476,7 +448,7 @@ front:intro yx6e 0 # Introduction to Zechariah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduc
|
|||
13:5 ip2z the land became my work while I was still a young man 0 Some versions of the Bible translate this as “a man sold me as a slave when I was young.” Alternate translation: “I became a farmer when I was young”
|
||||
13:6 q1gg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit What are these wounds between your arms? 0 “How did you get those cuts on your chest?” This refers to the apparent custom of false prophets wounding themselves in their ceremonies.
|
||||
13:6 f1cf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit he will answer 0 It is implied that his answer is a lie. Alternate translation: “he will lie to him saying”
|
||||
13:7 l7mc rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry 0 # General Information:\n\nZechariah often wrote prophecy in the form of poetry. Hebrew poetry uses different kinds of parallelism. Here Yahweh begins speaking. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
13:7 l7mc rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry 0 Zechariah often wrote prophecy in the form of poetry.
|
||||
13:7 c9hl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification Sword! Rouse yourself against my shepherd 0 “You, sword! Go and attack my shepherd.” Here Yahweh speaks to a sword as if it were a person. Here it represents enemies. Alternate translation: “You, enemies! Go and attack my shepherd”
|
||||
13:7 z2t4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor my shepherd 0 This speaks of a servant of Yahweh as if he were a shepherd. Alternate translation: “my servant who is like a shepherd”
|
||||
13:7 r27c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person this is the declaration of Yahweh of hosts 0 Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Zechariah 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: “this is what Yahweh of hosts has declared” or “this is what I, Yahweh of hosts, have declared”
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
Loading…
Reference in New Issue