Edit 'tn_GAL.tsv' using 'tc-create-app'

tn_GAL.tsv

@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ front:intro	i6u9				0	# Introduction to Galatians\n\n## Part 1: General Introduc
 3:7	rh9q		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	οἱ ἐκ πίστεως	1	Your language may require you to state the object of **faith**. Here, the phrase **by faith** is probably a shortened way of of saying “who by faith in Christ are trusting God to consider them righteous” or “who are trusting God to consider them righteous because they believe in Christ.” Here, the phrase **by faith** is equivalent or similar in meaning to the phrase “by faith in Christ” in [2:16](../02/16.md), where it occurs in the phrase “we also believed in Christ Jesus, so that we might be justified by faith in Christ.” If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate the meaning explicitly here. Alternate translation: “the ones who by faith in Christ are trusting God to consider them righteous” or “the ones who are trusting God to consider them righteous because they believe in Christ” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 3:7	kq1h		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	υἱοί & Ἀβραὰμ	1	People who have faith in God, as Abraham did, are here spoken of as if they were Abraham’s **sons**. Paul does not mean that people who have faith in God are Abraham’s biological descendants but rather he is saying that they share a spiritual similarity to him because they believe in God, therefore Paul calls them **sons of Abraham**. If your readers would not understand what it means to be **sons of Abraham** in this context, you could express the meaning plainly or use a simile, as modeled by the UST. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 3:7	pq0z		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations	υἱοί	1	Although the term **sons** is masculine, Paul is using the word here in a generic sense that includes both men and women. Alternate translation: “children” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
-3:8	vs1m		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	προϊδοῦσα & ἡ Γραφὴ, ὅτι ἐκ πίστεως δικαιοῖ τὰ ἔθνη ὁ Θεὸς, προευηγγελίσατο τῷ Ἀβραὰμ	1	Here, **the Scripture** is spoken of as though it were a person who could foresee **that God would justify the Gentiles by faith** and **preach the gospel**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this meaning in a non-figurative way as modeled by the UST. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
+3:8	vs1m		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	προϊδοῦσα & ἡ Γραφὴ, ὅτι ἐκ πίστεως δικαιοῖ τὰ ἔθνη ὁ Θεὸς, προευηγγελίσατο τῷ Ἀβραὰμ	1	Here, **the Scripture** is spoken of as though it were a person who could foresee **that God would justify the Gentiles by faith** and **preach the gospel**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this meaning plainly, as modeled by the UST. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
 3:8	wws9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo	ἡ Γραφὴ	1	Here, the phrase **the Scripture** could refer to: (1) The Scriptures as a whole, referring here to the entire Old Testament. If you are are using capitalization, or some other convention, to indicate when the words “Scripture” and “Scriptures” refer to the entirety of the collected writings of the Bible use that convention here. Here, “Scripture” would only refer to the Old Testament since the New Testament was still in the process of being written at this time. Most likely Paul is referring to the entire Old Testament when he says “the Scripture” here, and then when he quotes Genesis 12:3 at the end of this verse he is giving a specific example of a passage within the Old Testament that teaches **that God would justify the Gentiles by faith**. (2) just the specific scripture reference which is cited at the end of this verse, Genesis 12:3. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo]])
 3:8	ipbn			δικαιοῖ	1	See how you translated the similar word “justified” in [2:16](../02/016.md).
 3:8	htbq		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	ἐκ πίστεως	1	If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate the object of **faith** explicitly. Alternate translation: “by their faith in God” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
@@ -340,7 +340,7 @@ front:intro	i6u9				0	# Introduction to Galatians\n\n## Part 1: General Introduc
 3:12	opyp		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations	ἀλλ’	1	The phrase **The one doing these things will live in them** is a quotation from Leviticus 18:5. Use a natural way of introducing direct quotations from an important or sacred text. Alternate translation: “but as it is written in Scripture” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations]])
 3:12	khuu		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	αὐτὰ	1	The phrase **these things” refers to God’s “statutes” and “laws” which are mentioned in the first part of Leviticus 18:5. Paul is citing the second half of Leviticus 18:5 here. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate explicitly in your translation what “these things” refers to. Alternate translation: “these law and statutes of mine” or “my law and statutes” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 3:12	rep5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	ζήσεται ἐν αὐτοῖς	1	Here, the word **in** means “by” and refers to the means by which a person **will live**, namely by doing **them**. The word **them** refers to “all the things written in the Book of the Law” mentioned in [3:10](../03/10.md). If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate these things explicitly. Alternate translation: “will live because they do them” or “will live by obeying them” or “will live because they obey all the things written in the Book of the Law” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
-3:13	iql5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	ἐξηγόρασεν	1	Paul uses the metaphor of a person buying back lost property or buying the freedom of a slave to illustrate the meaning of God sending Jesus to pay for people’s sins by dying on the cross. If your readers would not understand what **redeemed** means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+3:13	iql5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	ἐξηγόρασεν	1	Paul uses the metaphor of a person buying back lost property or buying the freedom of a slave to illustrate the meaning of God sending Jesus to pay for people’s sins by dying on the cross. If your readers would not understand what **redeemed** means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning plainly. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 3:13	tmwi		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive	ἡμᾶς & ἡμῶν	1	When Paul says **us*** here, he is including the Galatian believers, so both occurrences of **us** would be inclusive. Your language may require you to mark these forms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
 3:13	ml63		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	τῆς κατάρας & κατάρα	1	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **curse**, you could express the same idea with a verb phrase as modeled by the UST. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 3:13	rshg		rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns	τοῦ νόμου	1	See how you translated the phrase **the law** in [2:16](../02/016.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns]])
@@ -371,7 +371,7 @@ front:intro	i6u9				0	# Introduction to Galatians\n\n## Part 1: General Introduc
 3:15	zu16		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations	ἀνθρώπου	1	Although the term **man** is masculine, Paul is using the word here in a generic sense that includes both men and women and refers to people in general. If your readers would misunderstand this you can indicate this explicitly. Alternate translation: “by people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
 3:16	f1xu		rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases	δὲ	1	Here, the word **Now** could indicate: (1) that Paul is introducing additional information into his ongoing argument. Alternate translation: “Furthermore” (2) a transition. Alternate translation: “But note that” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]])
 3:16	hdfm			ἐπαγγελίαι	1	See how you translated the word “promise” in [3:14](../03/14.md).
-3:16	rreg		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	τῷ σπέρματι αὐτοῦ & τοῖς σπέρμασιν & τῷ σπέρματί σου	1	Here, the term **seed** means “offspring.” It is a word picture. Just as plants produce seeds that grow into many more plants, so people can have many offspring. If your readers would not understand what **seed** means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way as modeled by the UST. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+3:16	rreg		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	τῷ σπέρματι αὐτοῦ & τοῖς σπέρμασιν & τῷ σπέρματί σου	1	Here, the term **seed** means “offspring.” It is a word picture. Just as plants produce seeds that grow into many more plants, so people can have many offspring. If your readers would not understand what **seed** means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning plainly, as modeled by the UST. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 3:16	x8m7			τῷ σπέρματι αὐτοῦ & τοῖς σπέρμασιν & τῷ σπέρματί σου	1	In order to correctly communicate Paul’s meaning here it is important to translate both occurrences of the word **seed** with a singular form and to translate the single occurrence of the word **seeds** with a plural form that indicates more than one.
 3:16	j9x7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	οὐ λέγει	1	Here, the word **He** could: (1) refer to God speaking to Abraham. By using the phrase **and to your seed** Paul is referring to multiple passages in the book of Genesis where God made promises to Abraham and his **seed**. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate explicitly that **He** refers to the God. Alternate translation: “God does not say” (2) be translated as “It” and be referring to the various passages in Genesis which record that God spoke promises to Abraham. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate explicitly that **It** refers to Scripture. Alternate translation: “Scripture does not say” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 3:16	w3wl		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	ὡς ἐπὶ πολλῶν, ἀλλ’ ὡς ἐφ’ ἑνός	1	Paul is leaving out some of the words that a sentence would need in many languages to be complete. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could supply these words from the context. Alternate translation: “as speaking about many, but as speaking about one” or “as referring to many, but as referring to one” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
@@ -384,7 +384,7 @@ front:intro	i6u9				0	# Introduction to Galatians\n\n## Part 1: General Introduc
 3:17	fmw4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result	εἰς τὸ καταργῆσαι	1	Here, the word **to** introduces what the result would have been if **the law** had **set aside the covenant previously established by God**. Use a natural form in your language for introducing a result. Alternate translation: “so as to nullify” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
 3:17	ydsw			ἐπαγγελίαν	1	See how you translated the word **promise** in [3:14](../03/14.md).
 3:18	ujg2			εἰ & ἐκ & ἡ κληρονομία, οὐκέτι ἐξ	1	Alternate translation: “if the inheritance is from … then it is no longer from”
-3:18	c8fu		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	ἡ κληρονομία	1	Paul speaks of God’s blessings to those who believe in him as if they were an **inheritance**. If your readers would not understand what **inheritance** means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “the blessing” or “God’s blessing” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+3:18	c8fu		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	ἡ κληρονομία	1	Paul speaks of God’s blessings to those who believe in him as if they were an **inheritance**. If your readers would not understand what **inheritance** means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the blessing” or “God’s blessing” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 3:18	h1xv			ἐκ νόμου & οὐκέτι ἐξ	1	Alternate translation: “is by the law, it is no longer by” or “is based on the law, it is no longer based on” or “comes from the law, it no longer comes from”
 3:18	edbm		rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns	νόμου	1	See how you translated the phrase **the law** in [2:16](../02/016.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns]])
 3:18	pe31			ἐπαγγελίας & ἐπαγγελίας	1	See how you translated the word **promise** in [3:14](../03/14.md).
@@ -424,7 +424,7 @@ front:intro	i6u9				0	# Introduction to Galatians\n\n## Part 1: General Introduc
 3:21	nebi		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	ἡ δικαιοσύνη	1	See how you translated the word **righteousness** in [2:21](../02/21.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 3:21	iyg9			ἐν νόμου ἂν ἦν ἡ δικαιοσύνη	1	Alternate translation: “we could have become righteous by obeying that law”
 3:22	smkw		rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast	ἀλλὰ	1	Here, the word **But** is indicating a strong contrast between the hypothetical (and false) possibility that “the law” could make a person righteous. Paul is using the word **But** here to indicate this strong contrast and to introduce his explanation of what the law actually does. Use a natural way in your language for introducing a contrast. Alternate translation: “But rather” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
-3:22	yzcp		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	συνέκλεισεν ἡ Γραφὴ τὰ πάντα ὑπὸ ἁμαρτίαν	1	Paul speaks of **the Scripture** as though it were an authority figure who **imprisoned** people in a prison and he speaks of **sin** as though it were a jailer who keeps people imprisoned so that they cannot break free. If your readers would not understand what **imprisoned all things under sin** means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way as modeled by the UST. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+3:22	yzcp		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	συνέκλεισεν ἡ Γραφὴ τὰ πάντα ὑπὸ ἁμαρτίαν	1	Paul speaks of **the Scripture** as though it were an authority figure who **imprisoned** people in a prison and he speaks of **sin** as though it were a jailer who keeps people imprisoned so that they cannot break free. If your readers would not understand what **imprisoned all things under sin** means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning plainly, as modeled by the UST. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 3:22	upkg		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	συνέκλεισεν ἡ Γραφὴ τὰ πάντα ὑπὸ ἁμαρτίαν	1	Here, Paul speaks of **the Scripture** as though it were a person who is an authority figure who **imprisoned** people in a prison and he speaks of **sin** as though it were a jailer who keeps people imprisoned so that they cannot break free. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this meaning plainly, as modeled by the UST. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
 3:22	jbn7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	ἡ Γραφὴ	1	Here, the word **Scripture** could: (1) refer to all of the Old Testament scriptures. Use whatever convention you are using to indicate this. The ULT indicates when the word **Scripture** refers to the entire Bible, or the entire Old Testament, by capitalizing the word **Scripture**. (2) refer to a particular passage of Scripture such as Deuteronomy 27:26 or some other specific Old Testament passage. Alternate translation: “the scripture”
 3:22	dxqc		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	ἡ Γραφὴ	1	Paul is describing “God” doing something by association with his Word, **the Scripture**. If your readers would not understand this, you could use plain language. Alternate translation: “God” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
@@ -440,7 +440,7 @@ front:intro	i6u9				0	# Introduction to Galatians\n\n## Part 1: General Introduc
 3:23	jzut		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	τὴν πίστιν & τὴν μέλλουσαν πίστιν ἀποκαλυφθῆναι	1	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **faith**, you could express the same idea with a verb such as “trusting” or “believe”, as modeled by the UST, or you could express the meaning in some other way that is natural in your language. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 3:23	ztcj		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	πρὸ τοῦ & ἐλθεῖν τὴν πίστιν	1	The phrase **before the faith came** means “before faith in Jesus Christ came.” If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “before faith in Jesus Christ came” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 3:23	uu10		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive	ἐφρουρούμεθα	1	When Paul says **we**, he is including the Galatian believers, so **we** would be inclusive. Your language may require you to mark these forms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
-3:23	su16		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	ὑπὸ νόμον ἐφρουρούμεθα, συνκλειόμενοι	1	Here, Paul is continuing the metaphor of **the law** that he began in the previous verse. The power that **the law** had over humans is spoken of as if the law were a prison guard holding people captive. If your readers would not understand what it means to be **held captive** by the law in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way as modeled by the UST. [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+3:23	su16		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	ὑπὸ νόμον ἐφρουρούμεθα, συνκλειόμενοι	1	Here, Paul is continuing the metaphor of **the law** that he began in the previous verse. The power that **the law** had over humans is spoken of as if the law were a prison guard holding people captive. If your readers would not understand what it means to be **held captive** by the law in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning plainly, as modeled by the UST. [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 3:23	aue6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	ὑπὸ	1	Here, the word **under** means “under the authority of” or “under the jurisdiction of.” If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “under the authority of” or “under the jurisdiction of” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 3:23	r5y3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	ὑπὸ νόμον ἐφρουρούμεθα, συνκλειόμενοι	1	Here, Paul is continuing his personification of **the law** that he began in the previous verse. Paul speaks of **the law** as though it were a jailer who **held** people **captive** and kept them **imprisoned until** the time when the coming **faith** in Jesus Christ would **be revealed**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this meaning plainly, as modeled by the UST. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
 3:23	e729		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	ὑπὸ νόμον ἐφρουρούμεθα	1	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the law held us captive under its power” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
@@ -468,7 +468,7 @@ front:intro	i6u9				0	# Introduction to Galatians\n\n## Part 1: General Introduc
 3:25	a4pk		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	τῆς πίστεως	1	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **faith**, you could express the same idea with a verb such as “trusting”, as modeled by the UST, or you could express the meaning in some other way that is natural in your language. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 3:25	meot		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	τῆς πίστεως	1	Here, the context implies that the object of **faith** is “Christ.” If it would be helpful to your readers to state the object of faith here, you could indicate it explicitly. Alternate translation: “faith in Christ” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 3:25	blv8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive	ἐσμεν	1	When Paul says **we**, he is including the Galatian believers, so **we** would be inclusive. Your language may require you to mark these forms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
-3:25	efvh		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	ὑπὸ παιδαγωγόν	1	Here, Paul continues the metaphor he began in [3:24](../03/24.md) by continuing to speak of “the law” as if it were a **guardian**. If your readers would not understand what the term **guardian** means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way as modeled by the UST. See how you translated the word **guardian** in [3:24](../03/24.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+3:25	efvh		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	ὑπὸ παιδαγωγόν	1	Here, Paul continues the metaphor he began in [3:24](../03/24.md) by continuing to speak of “the law” as if it were a **guardian**. If your readers would not understand what the term **guardian** means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning plainly, as modeled by the UST. See how you translated the word **guardian** in [3:24](../03/24.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 3:25	be13		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	ὑπὸ παιδαγωγόν	1	Here, Paul is speaking of “the law” as though it were a person who was a **guardian**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this meaning plainly, as modeled by the UST. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
 3:25	kjvy		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	ὑπὸ	1	Here, the word **under** means “under the supervision of.” If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “under the supervision of” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 3:26	tzqa		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations	υἱοὶ	1	Although the term **sons** is masculine, Paul is using the word here in a generic sense that includes both men and women who have **faith in Christ Jesus**. Alternate translation: “sons and daughters” or “children” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
@@ -495,8 +495,8 @@ front:intro	i6u9				0	# Introduction to Galatians\n\n## Part 1: General Introduc
 3:29	ovzy		rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-hypothetical	εἰ & ἄρα	1	Paul is using an **if … then” statement to express a hypothetical condition and what the result is for those people who meet the requirement of the condition. Paul is telling the Galatians that **if** they belong to Christ **then** they are Abrahams spiritual descendents. Use a natural form in your language for expressing a hypothetical condition. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-hypothetical]])
 3:29	lth0		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular	ὑμεῖς & ἐστέ	1	Here, both occurrences of the word **you** are plural and refer to the Galatian believers. Your language may require you to mark these forms as plural. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular]])
 3:29	wceh			ὑμεῖς Χριστοῦ	1	Alternate translation: “you are Christ’s” or “you belong to Christ”
-3:29	xwrj		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	σπέρμα	1	Here, the term **seed** means “offspring.” It is a word picture. Just as plants produce seeds that grow into many more plants, so people can have many offspring. If your readers would not understand what **seed** means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. See how you translated the word **seed** in [3:16](../03/16.md) where it is used with a similar meaning. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “offspring” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
-3:29	qp4z		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	κληρονόμοι	1	Paul speaks of believers, who are the spiritual descendants **of Abraham**, as if they were **heirs** who were to inherit property and wealth from a family member. If your readers would not understand what **heirs** means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way as modeled by the UST. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+3:29	xwrj		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	σπέρμα	1	Here, the term **seed** means “offspring.” It is a word picture. Just as plants produce seeds that grow into many more plants, so people can have many offspring. If your readers would not understand what **seed** means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. See how you translated the word **seed** in [3:16](../03/16.md) where it is used with a similar meaning. Alternatively, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “offspring” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+3:29	qp4z		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	κληρονόμοι	1	Paul speaks of believers, who are the spiritual descendants **of Abraham**, as if they were **heirs** who were to inherit property and wealth from a family member. If your readers would not understand what **heirs** means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning plainly, as modeled by the UST. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 3:29	au7a		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	κατ’ ἐπαγγελίαν κληρονόμοι	1	If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate explicitly what the **heirs** will inherit. Alternate translation: “heirs of what God promised to Abraham and his descendants” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 3:29	zxr0			κατ’	1	Alternate translation: “by way of”
 3:29	cu6z			ἐπαγγελίαν	1	See how you translated the word **promise** in [3:14](../03/14.md).
@@ -512,9 +512,9 @@ front:intro	i6u9				0	# Introduction to Galatians\n\n## Part 1: General Introduc
 4:2	khzl		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	προθεσμίας τοῦ πατρός	1	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “date which his father appointed” or “time which his father appointed”(See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 4:3	ocm2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases	οὕτως	1	Here, the word **So** indicates that what follows is comparable to, and similar in some way to what has just been described in [4:1-2](../04/01.md). Use a natural form in your language for introducing something that corresponds to something that was introduced previously. Alternate translation: “In a similar way” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]])
 4:3	d6v9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive	ἦμεν	1	The word **we** here refers to all Christians, including Paul’s readers, so **we** would be inclusive. Your language may require you to mark these forms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
-4:3	n21q		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	ὅτε ἦμεν νήπιοι	1	Paul speaks of people who have not yet trusted in Jesus as if they were **children**. If your readers would not understand what **children** means in this context, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way, as modeled by the UST or you could translate this phrase as a simile. Alternate translation: “when we did not yet believe in Jesus” or “when we were like children” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+4:3	n21q		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	ὅτε ἦμεν νήπιοι	1	Paul speaks of people who have not yet trusted in Jesus as if they were **children**. If your readers would not understand what **children** means in this context, you could express the meaning plainly, as modeled by the UST or you could translate this phrase as a simile. Alternate translation: “when we did not yet believe in Jesus” or “when we were like children” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 4:3	rwwj		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	ὑπὸ τὰ στοιχεῖα τοῦ κόσμου ἤμεθα δεδουλωμένοι	1	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who was doing the action, Paul says that “the elemental principles of the world” were doing it. See the note on personification regarding **the elemental principles of this world**. Alternate translation: “the elemental principles of the world were enslaving us” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
-4:3	cd2w		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	δεδουλωμένοι	1	Paul speaks of being under the control of **the elemental principles of the world** as if it were slavery. If your readers would not understand what **enslaved** means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way as modeled by the UST. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+4:3	cd2w		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	δεδουλωμένοι	1	Paul speaks of being under the control of **the elemental principles of the world** as if it were slavery. If your readers would not understand what **enslaved** means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning plainly, as modeled by the UST. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 4:3	l0fg		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	ὑπὸ	1	Here, the word **under** means “under the power of” or “under the authority of.” See how you translated the word **under** in [4:2](../04/02.md) where Paul uses it with a similar meaning. Alternate translation: “under the power of” or “under the authority of” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 4:3	v1zo		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	ὑπὸ τὰ στοιχεῖα τοῦ κόσμου & δεδουλωμένοι	1	Here, Paul speaks of **the elemental principles of the world** as though they were a person who could enslave other people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this meaning plainly, as modeled by the UST. Paul speaks of **the elemental principles of the world** as though they have the power to enslave a person, but it is actually humans who do not yet believe in the Messiah, who willing submit to these **elemental principles** and allow themselves to be enslaved. See [5:1](../05/01.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
 4:3	u462			τὰ στοιχεῖα τοῦ κόσμου	1	**the elemental principles of the world** could refer to: (1) the religious and/or moral teachings that people, whether they be a Jew or non-Jew, seek to obey in order to please God and/or think of themselves as praiseworthy and good. (2) the things prescribed by the Mosaic law. 3) spiritual beings which people thought controlled **the world**.
@@ -526,13 +526,13 @@ front:intro	i6u9				0	# Introduction to Galatians\n\n## Part 1: General Introduc
 4:4	zt29		rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns	νόμον	1	See how you translated the phrase **the law** in [2:16](../02/016.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns]])
 4:5	cb45		rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-goal	ἵνα	1	The phrase **in order that** introduces a purpose clause. Paul is stating the purpose for which God “sent forth his Son.” Use a natural way in your language for introducing a purpose clause. Alternate translation: “so that” or “with the purpose that” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-goal]])
 4:5	awb9			ἐξαγοράσῃ	1	See how you translated the word “redeemed” in [3:13](../03/13.md).
-4:5	v5cb		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	ἐξαγοράσῃ	1	Paul uses the metaphor of a person buying back lost property or buying the freedom of a slave as a picture of God sending Jesus to pay the price for people’s sins by dying on the cross. If your readers would not understand what **redeem** means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way as modeled by the UST. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+4:5	v5cb		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	ἐξαγοράσῃ	1	Paul uses the metaphor of a person buying back lost property or buying the freedom of a slave as a picture of God sending Jesus to pay the price for people’s sins by dying on the cross. If your readers would not understand what **redeem** means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning plainly, as modeled by the UST. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 4:5	s6fw			ὑπὸ νόμον	1	See how you translated the phrase **under the law** in [3:23](../03/23.md) and [4:4](../04/04.md) where Paul uses this phrase with the same meaning.
 4:5	nppu		rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-goal	ἵνα	2	The phrase **so that** introduces a purpose clause. Paul is stating the purpose for which God redeemed **the ones under the law**, which was **so that** God could adopt them as his spiritual sons and daughters. Use a natural way in your language for introducing a purpose clause. Alternate translation: “in order that” or “with the purpose that” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-goal]])
 4:5	to5x		rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns	νόμον	1	See how you translated the phrase **the law** in [2:16](../02/016.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns]])
 4:5	eapv			τὴν υἱοθεσίαν ἀπολάβωμεν	1	Alternate translation: “God might adopt us as his sons”
 4:5	ii90		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive	ἀπολάβωμεν	1	The word **we** could refer to: (1) all Christians, both Jews and non-Jews, in which case **we** would be inclusive. Your language may require you to mark these forms. (2) Jewish Christians only, in which case **we** would be exclusive. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
-4:5	tpqc		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	τὴν υἱοθεσίαν ἀπολάβωμεν	1	Paul speaks of God giving people a close personal relationship with himself and giving them special rights and privileges as if it were **adoption**. If your readers would not understand what **adoption** means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way as modeled by the UST. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+4:5	tpqc		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	τὴν υἱοθεσίαν ἀπολάβωμεν	1	Paul speaks of God giving people a close personal relationship with himself and giving them special rights and privileges as if it were **adoption**. If your readers would not understand what **adoption** means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning plainly as modeled by the UST. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 4:5	jris		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	υἱοθεσίαν	1	Paul speaks of those who believe in Jesus as if God was their biological, physical father. He means that these people have a father-son relationship with God because they trust in Jesus. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. See how you translated the word **sons** in [3:26](../03/26.md) where it is used with the same meaning. Alternate translation: “the spiritual children of God” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 4:5	lq4r		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations	υἱοθεσίαν	1	Although the term **sons** is masculine, Paul is using the word here in a generic sense that includes both men and women. Alternate translation: “adoption as children” or “adoption as God’s children” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
 4:6	ahbp		rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases	δέ	1	Here, Paul is using the word **And** to introduce new information into his ongoing argument. Use a natural form for introducing new information. Alternate translation: “Now” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]])
@@ -545,7 +545,7 @@ front:intro	i6u9				0	# Introduction to Galatians\n\n## Part 1: General Introduc
 4:6	eqx5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterate	Ἀββά, ὁ Πατήρ	1	The word **Abba** is an Aramaic word meaning **Father** which the Jews used to address their fathers. Paul writes it as it sounds in Aramaic (he transliterates it) and then translates its meaning into Greek for his readers. Since the Aramaic word **Abba** is followed by the Greek word **Father**, it is best to transliterate **Abba** and then give its meaning in your language as Paul does. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterate]])
 4:7	jkor		rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result	ὥστε	1	The phrase **So then** introduces the result of what Paul explained in [4:6](../04/06.md). Use a natural form for introducing a result. Alternate translation: “As a result” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
 4:7	akb8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you	εἶ	1	Here,**you** is singular. Paul is probably addressing the Galatian believers by using a singular pronoun in order to emphasize that what he is saying applies to each of them individually. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
-4:7	iler		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	δοῦλος	1	Paul speaks of the Galatian believers being in bondage to the law of Moses as if it were slavery. If your readers would not understand what it means to be **a slave** in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “in bondage to the law of Moses” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+4:7	iler		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	δοῦλος	1	Paul speaks of the Galatian believers being in bondage to the law of Moses as if it were slavery. If your readers would not understand what it means to be **a slave** in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “in bondage to the law of Moses” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 4:7	fzja		rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast	ἀλλὰ	1	The word **but** is introducing a contrast. Paul is contrasting being **a son** with being **a slave**. Use a natural way in your language for introducing a contrast. Alternate translation: “but rather” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
 4:7	swk3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	υἱός & υἱός	1	See how you translated the word **sons** in [4:5](../04/05.md) where it is used with the same meaning. Alternate translation: “a spiritual child of God … a spiritual child of God” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 4:7	vmyo		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations	υἱός & υἱός	1	Although the term **son** is masculine, Paul is using the word here in a generic sense that includes both men and women. Alternate translation: “a child … a child” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
@@ -556,7 +556,7 @@ front:intro	i6u9				0	# Introduction to Galatians\n\n## Part 1: General Introduc
 4:8	v4mp		rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast	ἀλλὰ	1	The word **But** is introducing a contrast. Paul is contrasting the life of the Galatian believers before they believed in Christ with their life after they believed in Christ and as a result became God’s sons (which he explained in [4:1-7](../04/01.md)). Use a natural form in your language for introducing a contrast. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
 4:8	e21a		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	εἰδότες Θεὸν	1	Here, the phrase **known God** means “known God personally” and means more than simply having heard about God or known some things about God. The phrase **known God** refers to close relationship with God. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “having been in a relationship with God” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 4:8	ukf5			ἐδουλεύσατε	1	See how you translated the word **enslaved** in [4:3](../04/03.md).
-4:8	yx8o		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	ἐδουλεύσατε τοῖς φύσει μὴ οὖσι θεοῖς	1	Paul speaks of the Galatians former way of life in which they practiced false religions and worshiped false gods as if it were slavery. If your readers would not understand what being **enslaved** means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way as modeled by the UST. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+4:8	yx8o		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	ἐδουλεύσατε τοῖς φύσει μὴ οὖσι θεοῖς	1	Paul speaks of the Galatians former way of life in which they practiced false religions and worshiped false gods as if it were slavery. If your readers would not understand what being **enslaved** means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning plainly, as modeled by the UST. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 4:8	cj5i		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	τοῖς φύσει μὴ οὖσι θεοῖς	1	The phrase, **those, by nature, not being gods** refers to the beings which the Galatians served when they were pagans and were considered by them to be gods, but they were not really gods. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “false gods who were not really gods at all” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 4:9	i5p3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast	δὲ	1	Here, the word **But** is introducing a contrast. Use a natural form in your language for introducing a contrast. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
 4:9	kv61			γνόντες & γνωσθέντες	1	Make sure that you translate the words **know** and **known** with the same type of expression as you used to translate the word “known” in [4:8](../04/08.md). The phrase “not having known God” in [4:8](../04/08.md) and the phrases **know God** and **known by God** in this verse are all referring to intimate personal knowledge that comes from a close relationship with someone and are not referring to merely being acquainted with someone or knowing some information or facts about them.
@@ -639,7 +639,7 @@ front:intro	i6u9				0	# Introduction to Galatians\n\n## Part 1: General Introduc
 4:24	mfa9			διαθῆκαι	1	See how you translated the word “covenant” in [3:15](../03/15.md).
 4:24	mt7j			μία	1	The word **One** here could refer to: (1) the covenant which God made at Mount Sinai which resulted in spiritual slavery to the law. Alternate translation: “One covenant” (2) Hagar in which case Paul means that she corresponds to Mount Sinai (See [4:25](../04/25.md)) and gave birth to children destined for slavery. Alternate translation: “One woman”
 4:24	u4hr		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Ὄρους Σινά	1	Paul uses **Mount Sinai** to refer to the covenant with the laws that Moses gave to the Israelites there. If your readers would misunderstand this, you could use plain language to express this. Alternate translation: “Mount Sinai, where Moses received the law and gave it to the Israelites” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
-4:24	aani		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	εἰς δουλείαν γεννῶσα	1	Paul speaks of the law of Moses “producing” or “resulting in” something as if the process of “producing” were **giving birth**. Paul speaks of the “spiritual bondage” of being under the authority of the law of Moses as if it were **slavery**. Paul is saying the the law of Moses “produces spiritual slavery.” If your readers would not understand what **giving birth** or **slavery** mean in this context, you could use equivalent metaphors from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “and produces spiritual slavery” or “and results in spiritual slavery” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+4:24	aani		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	εἰς δουλείαν γεννῶσα	1	Paul speaks of the law of Moses “producing” or “resulting in” something as if the process of “producing” were **giving birth**. Paul speaks of the “spiritual bondage” of being under the authority of the law of Moses as if it were **slavery**. Paul is saying the the law of Moses “produces spiritual slavery.” If your readers would not understand what **giving birth** or **slavery** mean in this context, you could use equivalent metaphors from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and produces spiritual slavery” or “and results in spiritual slavery” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 4:24	e3rc		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	δουλείαν	1	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **slavery**, you could express the same idea with a concrete noun such as “slave,” as modeled by the UST, or you could express the meaning in some other way that is natural in your language. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 4:25	u1cc		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	τὸ & Ἁγὰρ Σινά Ὄρος ἐστὶν	1	**Hagar is Mount Sinai** means that “Hagar symbolizes Mount Sinai.” Here, Paul begins to explain the meaning of the allegory which he began in [4:22](../04/22.md). If it would help your readers you can indicate explicitly what the phrase **Hagar is Mount Sinai** means here as modeled by the UST. Alternate translation: “Hagar represents Mount Sinai” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 4:25	klcv		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	τὸ & Ἁγὰρ Σινά Ὄρος ἐστὶν ἐν τῇ Ἀραβίᾳ	1	Paul uses **Mount Sinai in Arabia** to refer to the covenant and the accompanying laws that Moses gave to the Israelites there. If your readers would misunderstand this, you could use plain language to express this. Alternate translation: “Hagar resembles Mount Sinai in Arabia, where Moses received the law and gave it to the Israelites” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])