DCS-Mirror
/
unfoldingWord_en_tn
mirror of https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_tn
2
0
Fork 0
Files Issues Releases Wiki Activity See in Reader

Merge avaldizan-tc-create-1 into master by avaldizan (#3264)

This commit is contained in:
avaldizan 2023-05-23 17:43:33 +00:00
parent 155e43931b
commit f25c890340
1 changed files with 106 additions and 45 deletions
Show Stats Download Patch File Download Diff File Expand all files Collapse all files

151
tn_PRO.tsv
View File

@ -662,8 +662,8 @@ front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
6:19 g2tz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יָפִ֣יחַ כְּ֭זָבִים 1 Here, Solomon speaks of someone who lies easily as if that person **breathes out lies**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “easily lies”
6:19 avm1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּ⁠מְשַׁלֵּ֥חַ מְ֝דָנִ֗ים 1 See how you translated **sends forth quarrels** in [6:14](../06/14.md).
6:19 k9xh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations אַחִֽים 1 Although the term **brothers** is masculine, Solomon is using the word in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “family members”
6:20 rk2n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism נְצֹ֣ר בְּ֭נִ⁠י מִצְוַ֣ת אָבִ֑י⁠ךָ וְ⁠אַל־תִּ֝טֹּ֗שׁ תּוֹרַ֥ת אִמֶּֽ⁠ךָ 1 These two clauses mean basically the same thing. The second emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the phrases with a word other than **and** in order to show that the second phrase is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “Guard, my son, the command of your father, yes, do not forsake the law of your mother”\n
6:20 tplj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor נְצֹ֣ר 1 Here, Solomon speaks of a **command** as if it were an object that someone should **Guard**. He means that he wants his son to remember to do what he has commanded him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. See how you translated a similar use of guard in [3:21](../03/21.md). Alternate translation: “Remember to practice”\n
6:20 rk2n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism נְצֹ֣ר בְּ֭נִ⁠י מִצְוַ֣ת אָבִ֑י⁠ךָ וְ⁠אַל־תִּ֝טֹּ֗שׁ תּוֹרַ֥ת אִמֶּֽ⁠ךָ 1 These two clauses mean basically the same thing. The second emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the phrases with a word other than **and** in order to show that the second phrase is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “Guard, my son, the commandment of your father, yes, do not forsake the law of your mother”\n
6:20 tplj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor נְצֹ֣ר 1 Here, Solomon speaks of a **commandment** as if it were an object that someone should **Guard**. He means that he wants his son to remember to do what he has commanded him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. See how you translated a similar use of guard in [3:21](../03/21.md). Alternate translation: “Remember to practice”\n
6:20 u11d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes וְ⁠אַל־תִּ֝טֹּ֗שׁ תּוֹרַ֥ת אִמֶּֽ⁠ךָ 1 See how you translated this clause in [1:8](../01/08.md).
6:21 y710 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism קָשְׁרֵ֣⁠ם עַל־לִבְּ⁠ךָ֣ תָמִ֑יד עָ֝נְדֵ֗⁠ם עַל־גַּרְגְּרֹתֶֽ⁠ךָ 1 These two clauses mean basically the same thing. The second emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the phrases with a word that shows that the second phrase is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “Bind them on your heart continually; yes, tie them around your neck”
6:21 qz2z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor קָשְׁרֵ֣⁠ם עַל־לִבְּ⁠ךָ֣ 1 Here Solomon is speaking of remembering his commands as if they were objects that people could **bind** on their **hearts**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Remember them”
@ -1086,8 +1086,8 @@ front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
10:10 mi1k rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction קֹ֣רֵֽץ עַ֭יִן 1 See how you translated a similar phrase is [6:13](../06/13.md).
10:10 zlfb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יִתֵּ֣ן עַצָּ֑בֶת 1 Here, Solomon speaks of causing people to feel **pain** or grief as if **pain** were an object that someone **gives** to someone else. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “causes pain”
10:10 p957 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וֶ⁠אֱוִ֥יל שְׂ֝פָתַ֗יִם יִלָּבֵֽט 1 See how you translated the nearly identical clause in [10:8](../10/08.md).
10:11 tv58 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession מְק֣וֹר חַ֭יִּים 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe a **spring** that gives **life**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “A spring that gives life”
10:11 uifo rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מְק֣וֹר חַ֭יִּים 1 Here, Solomon is speaking of **the mouth of the righteous one** as if it were a **spring of life**. He means that what a **righteous** person says is beneficial to a person’s **life**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Something that benefits a person’s life”
10:11 tv58 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession מְק֣וֹר חַ֭יִּים 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe a **fountain** that gives **life**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “A fountain that gives life”
10:11 uifo rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מְק֣וֹר חַ֭יִּים 1 Here, Solomon is speaking of **the mouth of the righteous one** as if it were a **fountain of life**. He means that what a **righteous** person says is beneficial to a person’s **life**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Something that benefits a person’s life”
10:11 f47s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy פִּ֣י 1 In this verse, **mouth** refers to what a person says by using his **mouth**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “is the speech of”
10:11 bz8g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּ⁠פִ֥י רְ֝שָׁעִ֗ים יְכַסֶּ֥ה חָמָֽס 1 See how you translated the identical clause in [10:6](../10/06.md).
10:12 t8a8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification שִׂ֭נְאָה תְּעוֹרֵ֣ר מְדָנִ֑ים 1 Here, Solomon speaks of **Hatred** as if it were a person who could cause **quarrels**. He means that people who hate cause such **quarrels**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Being hateful causes one to stir up quarrels”
@ -1455,47 +1455,108 @@ front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
12:28 y24r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession וְ⁠דֶ֖רֶךְ נְתִיבָ֣ה 1 Here, Solomon uses the possessive form to indicate that **the way** is **the beaten path**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “and the way that is the beaten path”
12:28 h4sg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ⁠דֶ֖רֶךְ נְתִיבָ֣ה 1 Here, **the way of the beaten path** refers to **the path of righteousness** in the previous clause. Solomon refers to living righteously as if one were walking on a **beaten path** that is safe because it was made well. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and living righteously”
12:28 d3it rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אַל־מָֽוֶת 1 Here, **no death** could refer to: (1) a person not dying earlier than expected, which is the opposite way of saying the same idea used for **life** in the previous clause. Alternate translation: “is not dying early” (2) a person having immortality. Alternate translation: “is immortality”
13:intro nh7k 0 # Proverbs 13 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nChapter 13 continues the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Themes\n\nThere are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])
13:1 ugs5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy A wise son hears 0 Here “hears” represents listening in order to do it. Alternate translation: “A wise son obeys”
13:1 sy9c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy will not listen to rebuke 0 Here “listen” represents paying attention in order to do it. Alternate translation: “will not learn from rebuke” or “will not obey, despite rebuke”
13:2 zu98 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy From the fruit of his mouth 0 Here “fruit” represents what a person says. Alternate translation: “From the words of his mouth” or “From what he says”
13:2 w883 the appetite 0 the desire or liking for something
13:2 mgn1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj the treacherous 0 This nominal adjective can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “the treacherous person”
13:3 xb3d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy his mouth 0 Here “mouth” represents what a person says. Alternate translation: “what he says”
13:3 bd6a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor opens wide his lips 0 Opening the lips represents speaking, and opening them wide represents speaking too often or too much. Alternate translation: “speaks a lot” or “talks too much”
13:4 c7yc The appetite … the appetite 0 See how you translated this in [Proverbs 13:2](../13/02.md).
13:4 z2sk craves but gets nothing 0 Alternate translation: “strongly desires but gets nothing”
13:4 rj8j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive the appetite of diligent people will be richly satisfied 0 Here “appetite” represents desire. Alternate translation: “diligent people will have a richly satisfied life” or “being diligent will make people richly satisfied”
13:4 z1wm diligent people 0 people who work with careful and continued effort
13:5 i9t2 repugnant 0 causing a strong feeling of disgust
13:6 iac2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy who are faultless in their path 0 Here “path” represents how a person directs his life. Alternate translation: “who are faultless in their way of living” or “who live lives of integrity”
13:6 r21h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification wickedness turns away those who commit sin 0 Here “wickedness” represents an evil conduct of life. This quality acts like a person who turns away those who commit sin. Alternate translation: “wickedness turns sinners away from a successful path” or “wickedness ruins sinners’ lives”
13:7 z16h who enriches himself 0 Alternate translation: “who makes himself rich”
13:9 ev8k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor The light of righteous people rejoices 0 Here the light represents the righteous person’s life or good behavior, and rejoicing represents causing people to rejoice. Alternate translation: “The life of a righteous person is like a light that causes people to rejoice” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
13:10 n32q listen to 0 Alternate translation: “heed” or “follow”
13:10 ujq3 good advice 0 suggestions that are helpful and profitable
13:11 u1q4 Wealth dwindles away 0 Alternate translation: “Wealth decreases” or “Wealth slowly disappears”
13:12 v8h6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy When hope is postponed 0 Here “hope” represents the thing a person hopes for. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “When a person hopes for something but does not receive it for a very long time” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
13:12 k7pf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor a longing fulfilled is a tree of life 0 Someone receiving what they hoped for and becoming very happy is spoken of as if the fulfillment of their hope were a tree that gives life. Alternate translation: “a longing fulfilled is like a tree of life”
13:12 isa3 tree of life 0 “a tree that gives life” or “a tree whose fruit sustains life.” See how you translated this in [Proverbs 3:18](../03/18.md).
13:13 a5vy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive he who respects the commandment will be rewarded 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “they will reward the one who respects the command”
13:14 uhi9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor fountain of life 0 A fountain is a good source of water and here represents a source of life. Alternate translation: “a bountiful source of life”
13:14 h871 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor snares of death 0 Here “snares” represent dangers that will kill. Alternate translation: “traps that lead to death”
13:15 r4vi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor but the way of the treacherous is never-ending 0 Here a person’s behavior or conduct is spoken of as if it were a way or path that a person walks. A person being ruined by their own treachery is spoken of as if they are on a way or path that never ends. Alternate translation: “but the behavior of the treacherous will cause their own destruction”
13:15 up13 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj the treacherous 0 This nominal adjective can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “the treacherous person”
13:17 h4gr falls into trouble 0 Alternate translation: “is unreliable” or “does something evil”
13:17 pfh6 a faithful envoy 0 Alternate translation: “a faithful messenger” or “a faithful diplomat”
13:18 m4d7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns learns from correction 0 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **correction**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “learns when someone corrects him”
13:19 h11i is sweet 0 Alternate translation: “is a delight” or “brings joy”
13:19 fv8k the appetite 0 the desire or liking for something
13:20 k77z will suffer harm 0 Alternate translation: “will experience harm” or “will be ruined”
13:22 amv1 his grandchildren 0 Alternate translation: “the sons of his sons” or “the children of his children” or “his descendants”
13:22 fi9c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive a sinner’s wealth is stored up for the righteous person 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the one who does right will receive the wealth that a sinner has stored up”
13:23 z3px An unplowed field 0 Alternate translation: “A field that is not prepared for food production” or “An empty field not ready for planting”
13:23 h46l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor but it is swept away by injustice 0 “Swept away” represents completely removing something. This can be stated in active from. Alternate translation: “but injustice takes away that food” or “but unjust people take the food away” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
13:24 jp8a is careful to instruct him 0 Alternate translation: “makes sure to instruct him”
13:25 a593 he satisfies his appetite 0 Alternate translation: “he has satisfied himself” or “he fulfills his desires”
13:25 azl9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the stomach of the wicked is always hungry 0 Here “stomach” represents the desires of a person. Alternate translation: “the wicked person is always hungry for more”
13:intro nh7k 0 # Proverbs 13 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nChapter 13 continues the section of the book which Solomon wrote and is filled mainly with individual proverbs.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Contrasting parallelism\n\nExcept for [13:14](../13/14.md), all the proverbs in this chapter consist of two parallel clauses that contrast with each other.
13:1 ugs5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis בֵּ֣ן חָ֭כָם מ֣וּסַר אָ֑ב 1 Solomon is leaving a word that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the context if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “A wise son listens to the instruction of a father”
13:1 au6w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns מ֣וּסַר & גְּעָרָֽה 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **instruction** in [1:2](../01/02.md) and **rebuke** in [1:25](../01/25.md).
13:1 uwpq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אָ֑ב 1 Here, **father** refers to the **father** of the **son** mentioned earlier in the clause. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “his father”
13:2 zu98 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מִ⁠פְּרִ֣י פִי־אִ֭ישׁ 1 See how you translated the same phrase in [12:14](../12/14.md).
13:2 w883 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns ט֑וֹב & וְ⁠נֶ֖פֶשׁ & חָמָֽס 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **good** in [11:27](../11/27.md), **appetite** in [6:30](../06/30.md), and **violence** in [3:31](../03/31.md).
13:2 mgn1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ⁠נֶ֖פֶשׁ 1 Here, Solomon refers to the desire of **the treacherous ones** as if it were their **appetite**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “but the desire of”
13:3 o7lu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun נֹצֵ֣ר פִּ֭י⁠ו שֹׁמֵ֣ר נַפְשׁ֑⁠וֹ פֹּשֵׂ֥ק שְׂ֝פָתָ֗י⁠ו מְחִתָּה־לֽ⁠וֹ 1 **One who guards his mouth**, **his**, **one who opens his lips**, and **him** here do not refer to specific people, but to types of people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “Anyone who guards one’s mouth keeps one’s life; anyone who opens one’s lips is ruin for that person”
13:3 xb3d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom נֹצֵ֣ר פִּ֭י⁠ו 1 The phrase **guards his mouth** is an idiom that refers to being careful about what one says. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “One who speaks carefully”
13:3 f4rg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor שֹׁמֵ֣ר נַפְשׁ֑⁠וֹ 1 Here, Solomon speaks of someone preserving one’s **life** as if one’s **life** were an object that one **keeps**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “preserves his life”
13:3 zq0o rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast פֹּשֵׂ֥ק שְׂ֝פָתָ֗י⁠ו מְחִתָּה־לֽ⁠וֹ 1 This clause is a strong contrast to the previous clause. In your translation, indicate this strong contrast in a way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “on the contrary, one who opens his lips is ruin for him”\n
13:3 bd6a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom פֹּשֵׂ֥ק שְׂ֝פָתָ֗י⁠ו 1 The phrase **opens his lips** is an idiom that could refer to: (1) speaking carelessly, which would be in contrast to the meaning of **guards his mouth** in the previous clause. Alternate translation: “one who talks without thinking” (2) speaking too much. Alternate translation: “one who talks too much”
13:3 qfrc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns מְחִתָּה־לֽ⁠וֹ 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **ruin**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “ruins himself”
13:4 ly1m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun נַפְשׁ֣⁠וֹ עָצֵ֑ל 1 **A lazy one** and **his** do not refer to a specific person, put to a type of person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “Anyone who is lazy, that one’s appetite”
13:4 c7yc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns נַפְשׁ֣⁠וֹ & וְ⁠נֶ֖פֶשׁ 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **appetite** in [6:30](../06/30.md).
13:4 mjxy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מִתְאַוָּ֣ה & נַפְשׁ֣⁠וֹ 1 Here, **craving** describes the **appetite** of a **lazy** person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “he has a craving appetite” or “he craves”
13:4 z2sk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וָ֭⁠אַיִן 1 Here, Solomon implies that **there is nothing** to satisfy the **lazy** person’s **craving**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “and there is nothing to satisfy that craving”
13:4 kakf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive תְּדֻשָּֽׁן 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “will become fat”
13:4 rj8j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification תְּדֻשָּֽׁן 1 Here, Solomon refers to **the appetite of the diligent ones** being satisfied and if **the appetite** were a person who could be **fattened**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will be satisfied”
13:5 i9t2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun צַדִּ֑יק 1 See how you translated **A righteous one** in [9:9](../09/09.md).
13:5 xfcg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession דְּבַר־שֶׁ֭קֶר 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe a **word** that is characterized by **falsehood**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “a false word”\n
13:5 xrle rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy דְּבַר 1 See how you translated the similar use of **word** in [12:25](../12/25.md).
13:5 lygo rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun וְ֝⁠רָשָׁ֗ע 1 See how you translated **a wicked one** in [9:7](../09/07.md).
13:5 c74k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יַבְאִ֥ישׁ 1 Here, Solomon refers to people causing others to feel disgust for them as if they smell bad. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “causes others to feel disgust for him” or “disgusts others”
13:6 iac2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns צְ֭דָקָה & וְ֝⁠רִשְׁעָ֗ה 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **Righteousness** in [1:3](../01/03.md) and **wickedness** in [4:17](../04/17.md).
13:6 zhal rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification תִּצֹּ֣ר תָּם־דָּ֑רֶךְ 1 Here, Solomon refers to people protecting themselves by acting righteously as if **Righteousness** were a person who **guards** them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “enables the blameless of way to be protected”
13:6 df15 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession תָּם־דָּ֑רֶךְ 1 See how you translated this phrase in [11:20](../11/20.md).
13:6 r21h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification תְּסַלֵּ֥ף חַטָּֽאת 1 Here, Solomon refers to people deliberately doing wicked things that will result in their destruction as if **wickedness** were a person who **leads** them **astray**. See how you translated the same use of **leads** **astray** in [12:16](../12/16.md).
13:7 z16h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun יֵ֣שׁ מִ֭תְעַשֵּׁר & מִ֝תְרוֹשֵׁ֗שׁ 1 The phrases **one who pretends to be rich** and **one who pretends to be poor** do not refer to specific people, but to types of people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use different expressions. Alternate translation: “There are people who pretend to be rich … people who pretend to be poor”
13:7 z2e4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole וְ⁠אֵ֣ין כֹּ֑ל 1 Solomon says **nothing at all** here as a generalization for emphasis. He means either that this person has **nothing** valuable or has very few possessions. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different way to express the emphasis. Alternate translation: “but has nothing valuable at all” or “but truly does not have much wealth”
13:8 tjrj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession כֹּ֣פֶר נֶֽפֶשׁ־אִ֣ישׁ 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe a **ransom** that must be paid to redeem **the life of a man**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “The ransom that must be paid to redeem the life of a man” or “What a man must pay to buy back his own life”
13:8 q5kf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations אִ֣ישׁ עָשְׁר֑⁠וֹ 1 Although **a man** and **his** are masculine, Solomon is using these words in a generic sense that could refer to either **a man** or woman. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “a person is that person’s riches”\n
13:8 ccrr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun וְ֝⁠רָ֗שׁ 1 Solomon is speaking of **poor** people in general, not of one particular **poor one**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural phrase. Alternate translation: “but any poor person”\n
13:8 xoce rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לֹא־שָׁמַ֥ע 1 Here, Solomon refers to **a poor one** completely ignoring **a rebuke** as if that person didn’t even hear it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “ignores” or “ignores as if he did not even hear”
13:8 mq75 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit גְּעָרָֽה 1 Here, the word translated **rebuke** refers to a threat that someone makes against the life of **a poor one**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “a threat”
13:9 trqq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun אוֹר & וְ⁠נֵ֖ר 1 **The light** and **the lamp** refer to lights and lamps in general, not one particular **light** and **lamp**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “The lights of … but the lamps of”\n
13:9 xs1o rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אוֹר־צַדִּיקִ֥ים יִשְׂמָ֑ח 1 Here, Solomon refers to the lives of **the righteous ones** being enjoyable as if their lives were a **light** that could be **glad**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly or use a simile. Alternate translation: “The lives of the righteous ones will be enjoyable” or “The lives of the righteous ones will be enjoyable like a brightly shining light”
13:9 upv1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ⁠נֵ֖ר רְשָׁעִ֣ים יִדְעָֽךְ 1 Here, Solomon refers to the death of **the wicked ones** as if their lives were lamps that stop burning to produce light. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly or use a simile. Alternate translation: “but the life of the wicked ones will end” or “but the life of the wicked ones is like a lamp that will be extinguished”
13:9 pbds rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive יִדְעָֽךְ 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “will stop shining” or “will stop producing light”
13:10 n32q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns בְּ֭⁠זָדוֹן & מַצָּ֑ה & חָכְמָֽה 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **presumptuousness**, **contention**, and **wisdom**, you could express the same ideas in other ways. See how you translated **presumptuousness** in [11:2](../11/02.md) and **wisdom** in [1:2](../01/02.md). Alternate translation: “with being presumptuous … contending with others … being wise”
13:10 rxsw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וְ⁠אֶת־נ֖וֹעָצִ֣ים חָכְמָֽה 1 Solomon is leaving out a word that in many languages a clause would need in order to be complete. You could supply this word from the previous clause if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “but with those who are counseled comes wisdom”
13:10 ujq3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive נ֖וֹעָצִ֣ים 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “those whom people counsel”
13:11 u1q4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מֵ⁠הֶ֣בֶל 1 Here, **from emptiness** refers to obtaining something easily or without effort. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “obtained easily” or “that someone gains without effort”
13:11 db1v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun וְ⁠קֹבֵ֖ץ עַל־יָ֣ד 1 Solomon is speaking of people who gather **by hand** in general, not of one particular person **who gathers by hand**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural phrase. Alternate translation: “but any person who gathers by hand”\n
13:11 xlrs rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְ⁠קֹבֵ֖ץ עַל־יָ֣ד 1 Here, **gathers by hand** could refer to: (1) working hard to gather something, as if one were using one’s hands to do the work. Alternate translation: “but one who gathers by laboring” (2) gathering something gradually in small amounts as if one were gathering it in one’s **hand**. Alternate translation: “but one who gathers gradually”
13:11 kmpo rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis יַרְבֶּֽה 1 Solomon is leaving out a word that in many languages a clause would need in order to be complete. You could supply this word from the previous clause if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “will increase wealth”
13:12 jeiv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns תּוֹחֶ֣לֶת 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **hope** in [10:28](../10/28.md).
13:12 l1gc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive מְ֭מֻשָּׁכָה & בָאָֽה 1 If your language does not use these passive forms, you could express the ideas in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that does not yet become reality … that becomes reality” or “that is not yet realized … that is realized”
13:12 v8h6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom מַחֲלָה־לֵ֑ב 1 This phrase is an idiom that refers to someone despairing or feeling sad. If it would be helpful in you language, you could express the meaning plainly or use an equivalent idiom in your language. Alternate translation: “makes a person sad” or “breaks a person’s heart”
13:12 k7pf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ⁠עֵ֥ץ חַ֝יִּ֗ים 1 See how you translated **a tree of life** in [3:18](../03/18.md).
13:13 gajo rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun בָּ֣ז 1 Solomon is speaking of people who despise advice in general, not of one particular person **who despises**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural phrase. Alternate translation: “Anyone who despises”\n
13:13 k3tc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לְ֭⁠דָבָר 1 Here, **word** refers to instructions or advice that people say by using words. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “instruction” or “people instructing him”
13:13 a5vy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive יֵחָ֣בֶל ל֑⁠וֹ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “must pay for it”
13:13 t75v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יֵחָ֣בֶל ל֑⁠וֹ 1 Here, Solomon refers to someone experiencing the negative consequences of despising **a word** as if they were paying money for doing so. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will experience the consequences for doing so”
13:13 fzbj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations וִ⁠ירֵ֥א מִ֝צְוָ֗ה ה֣וּא יְשֻׁלָּֽם 1 Although the terms **he** and **himself** are masculine, Solomon is using these words in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “but someone with fear of a command, that one will be rewarded”\n
13:13 r1bk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive ה֣וּא יְשֻׁלָּֽם 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “God will reward that very person”
13:14 xmie rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor תּוֹרַ֣ת 1 **The law** here does not refer to a specific **law**, but refers to lessons or instructions in general. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural phrase. Alternate translation: “The instructions of”\n
13:14 l87y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj חָ֭כָם 1 Solomon is using the adjective **wise** as a noun to mean **wise** people. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you could translate this word with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “the wise ones”
13:14 uhi9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מְק֣וֹר חַיִּ֑ים 1 See how you translated this phrase in [10:11](../10/11.md).
13:14 po7m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לָ֝⁠ס֗וּר מִ⁠מֹּ֥קְשֵׁי מָֽוֶת 1 Here, Solomon speaks of someone avoiding dangerous situations that could result in one dying as if that person were turning away from **the snares of death**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “to avoid the snares of death”\n
13:14 qfy7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis לָ֝⁠ס֗וּר 1 Solomon is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a clause would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from earlier in the sentence if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “the law of the wise turns people away”
13:14 h871 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מִ⁠מֹּ֥קְשֵׁי מָֽוֶת 1 Here, Solomon refers to dangerous situations that could result in someone dying as if they were **snares**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly or use a simile. Alternate translation: “from deadly situations” or “from dangers that are like traps that lead to death”
13:15 ztj7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification שֵֽׂכֶל־ט֭וֹב יִתֶּן־חֵ֑ן 1 Here, Solomon speaks of a person receiving **favor** because that person has **Good insight** as if the **insight** were a person who could give **favor**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Good insight causes the person who has it to be favored by others”
13:15 up13 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns שֵֽׂכֶל & חֵ֑ן 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **insight** in [1:3](../01/03.md) and **favor** in [3:4](../03/04.md).
13:15 sp95 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ⁠דֶ֖רֶךְ 1 See how you translated this use of **way** in [1:15](../01/15.md).
13:15 r4vi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אֵיתָֽן 1 Here, the word translated **permanent** refers to something that is unrelenting. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “is unrelenting” or “does not relent”
13:15 vilf rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants אֵיתָֽן 1 Instead of **permanent**, some ancient translations read “their ruin.” If a translation of the Bible exists in your region, you may wish to use the reading that it uses. If a translation of the Bible does not exist in your region, you may wish to use the reading of the ULT.
13:16 n8lr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns בְ⁠דָ֑עַת & אִוֶּֽלֶת 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **knowledge** in [1:4](../01/04.md) and **folly** in [5:23](../05/23.md).
13:16 p3dc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יִפְרֹ֥שׂ אִוֶּֽלֶת 1 Here, Solomon refers to **a stupid one** displaying how foolish he is as if his **folly** were an object that he spreads out for other people to see. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “displays his folly”
13:16 n3ey rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit יִפְרֹ֥שׂ אִוֶּֽלֶת 1 Here, Solomon implies that **a stupid one spreads folly** by how he acts. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “spreads folly by what he says and does”
13:17 n29k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מַלְאָ֣ךְ רָ֭שָׁע 1 Here, **wicked messenger** specifically refers to a **messenger** who is unreliable. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “An unreliable messenger”
13:17 h4gr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יִפֹּ֣ל בְּ⁠רָ֑ע 1 Here, Solomon refers to someone experiencing **evil** as if it were a place into which that person **falls**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “experiences evil”
13:17 tmcp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּ⁠רָ֑ע 1 Here, **evil** refers to trouble that someone might experience as a result of **evil**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “into trouble”\n
13:17 pfh6 וְ⁠צִ֖יר אֱמוּנִ֣ים 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe an **envoy** that is characterized by **faithfulness**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “but a faithful envoy”
13:18 m4d7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns רֵ֣ישׁ וְ֭⁠קָלוֹן & מוּסָ֑ר & תּוֹכַ֣חַת 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **Poverty** in [6:11](../06/11.md), **shame** in [6:33](../06/33.md), and **correction** and **rebuke** in [3:11](../03/11.md).
13:18 f6rv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun פּוֹרֵ֣עַ & וְ⁠שׁוֹמֵ֖ר 1 Here, **one who avoids** and **one who keeps** refer to people who do these things in general, not to any specific **one**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “are for those who avoid … but those who keep”
13:18 b3wd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ⁠שׁוֹמֵ֖ר 1 Here, Solomon refers to someone accepting **a rebuke** from someone else as if **a rebuke** were an object that one **keeps**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “but one who accepts”
13:18 owqo rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive יְכֻבָּֽד 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “people will honor”
13:19 h11i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לְ⁠נָ֑פֶשׁ 1 Here, Solomon implies that **self** refers to the same person who has the **desire** mentioned earlier in the verse. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “to one’s self”
13:19 fv8k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns וְ⁠תוֹעֲבַ֥ת & מֵ⁠רָֽע 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **abomination** in [3:32](../03/32.md) and **evil** in [1:16](../01/16.md).
13:19 j2fq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ס֣וּר מֵ⁠רָֽע 1 See how you translated “turn away from evil” in [3:7](../03/07.md).
13:20 rdzm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun הוֹלֵ֣ךְ & וְ⁠רֹעֶ֖ה 1 **One who walks** and **one who associates with** refer to people who do these things in general. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “Those who walk … but those who associate with”
13:20 k77z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor הוֹלֵ֣ךְ 1 See how you translated the same use of “walk” in [1:15](../01/15.md).
13:21 qnbp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns רָעָ֑ה & טֽוֹב 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **Evil** and **goodness**, you could express the same ideas in other ways. See how you translated **Evil** in [1:16](../01/16.md). Alternate translation: “What is evil … what is good”
13:21 s35w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification תְּרַדֵּ֣ף 1 Here, Solomon refers to **sinners** experiencing **Evil** as if **Evil** were a person who could **pursue** them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will happen to” or “will be experienced by”
13:21 ovgd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification יְשַׁלֶּם 1 Here, Solomon refers to **righteous ones** experiencing **goodness** as if **goodness** were a person who could **reward** them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will happen to” or “will be experienced by”
13:22 zohr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun ט֗וֹב & לַ֝⁠צַּדִּ֗יק & חוֹטֵֽא 1 **A good one**, **a sinner**, and **the righteous one** refer to types of people in general. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “Any good one … any sinner … for any righteous person”
13:22 tull rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis יַנְחִ֥יל בְּנֵֽי־בָנִ֑ים 1 Solomon is leaving out words that in many languages a clause would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the next clause if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “will cause sons of sons to inherit his wealth”\n
13:22 amv1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּנֵֽי־בָנִ֑ים 1 Here, Solomon implies that **sons of sons** refers to the grandchildren of **A good one** mentioned earlier in the verse. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “his sons of sons”
13:22 fi9c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְ⁠צָפ֥וּן לַ֝⁠צַּדִּ֗יק חֵ֣יל חוֹטֵֽא 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “but the righteous one will receive the wealth that a sinner has stored up”
13:23 z3px rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown נִ֣יר 1 An **unplowed field** is a **field** that has not been prepared for growing crops. If your readers would not be familiar with plowing fields for farming, you could use the name of a similar farming practice in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “is in the field that is not prepared for food production”
13:23 bdzr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וְ⁠יֵ֥שׁ נִ֝סְפֶּ֗ה 1 Solomon is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from earlier in the sentence if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “but there is a being swept away of the poor ones’ food”
13:23 jv3c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor נִ֝סְפֶּ֗ה בְּ⁠לֹ֣א מִשְׁפָּֽט 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “no justice sweeping it away”
13:23 h46l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor נִ֝סְפֶּ֗ה 1 Here, **swept away** refers to completely removing something. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “a removal”
13:23 vz3l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification בְּ⁠לֹ֣א מִשְׁפָּֽט 1 Here, Solomon refers to **no justice** as if it were a person who causes the food of poor people to be **swept away**. He means that injustice results in poor people lacking food. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “because of injustice” or “because people act unjustly”
13:24 jp8a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun חוֹשֵׂ֣ךְ שִׁ֭בְט⁠וֹ שׂוֹנֵ֣א בְנ֑⁠וֹ וְ֝⁠אֹהֲב֗⁠וֹ 1 **One who withholds**, **his**, **one who loves**, and **him** here do not refer to specific people, but refer to these types of people in general. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural phrase. Alternate translation: “Those who withhold their rods hate their sons, but those who love them”\n
13:24 ksnf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole שׂוֹנֵ֣א 1 Solomon says **hates** here as an overstatement for emphasis. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different way to express the emphasis. Alternate translation: “acts unlovingly toward”
13:24 lqcu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations בְנ֑⁠וֹ & וְ֝⁠אֹהֲב֗⁠וֹ שִֽׁחֲר֥⁠וֹ 1 Although the term **son** and **him** are masculine, Solomon is using those words in a generic sense that could refer to either a male or female child. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “his child, but one who loves that child diligently seeks that child”\n
13:24 yu2d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor שִֽׁחֲר֥⁠וֹ מוּסָֽר 1 Here, Solomon refers to a parent **diligently** disciplining that parent’s child as if that parent were **diligently** seeking that child **with discipline**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “diligently disciplines him”
13:25 a593 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun צַדִּ֗יק & נַפְשׁ֑⁠וֹ 1 **A righteous one** and**his** here do not refer to specific people, but refer to a type of person in general. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural phrase. Alternate translation: “Any righteous one … that person’s appetite”
13:25 wby5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun וּ⁠בֶ֖טֶן 1 The word **stomach** represents stomachs in general, not one particular **stomach**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “but the stomachs of”
13:25 azl9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וּ⁠בֶ֖טֶן רְשָׁעִ֣ים תֶּחְסָֽר 1 Here, Solomon refers to **the wicked ones** always being hungry as if their stomachs **lack**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “but the wicked ones can never eat enough” or “but the hunger of the wicked ones is never satisfied”
14:intro gbj2 0 # Proverbs 14 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nChapter 14 continues the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Themes\n\nThere are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])
14:1 r3rp builds her house 0 Alternate translation: “builds up her house” or “makes her house better”
14:1 tv3l house 0 This could mean: (1) this may refer to her actual house, that is the building she lives in or (2) this may refer to her family.

Can't render this file because it is too large.